英語寫作年月真題

00603202210

1、【問答題】Ⅰ.Supplythemissingparagraph.(20points)Thefollowingpassage

isincompletewithoneparagraphmissing.Studythepassagecarefullyandwrite

themissingparagraphinabout100words.Makesurethatyourtoneanddictionare

inunitywiththepassageprovided.WhyDoWeGarden?There'snobetterfeeling

thangettingoutsideinthesunandsoil,whetherwereworkinginlarge

landscapesorinafewcontainersonafrontporch.We'rerewardedeachdaywith

beautifultrees,shrubsandflowersinourlandscapesandabundantfruitsand

vegetablesfromourgardens.Ifyou'venevergardenedbeforeandyou'rewondering

whatallthefussisabout,youshouldstophesitatingaboutitandgiveitatry.

Gardeningisoneofthemostrewardinghobbiesyoucantakeup,withlong-lasting

positiveeffectsonyourself,yourcommunity,andtheworldatlarge.Gardening

isagreatformofexerciseforyourphysicalhealth.Generalgardeningisalow

tomediumimpactformofexercisethatrequiresacertainamountofstrengthand

stretchingtoperform.Thisamountofstrengthandstretchingworksallofthe

majormusclegroups.Onebenefitofthisworkoutisthatitmaydecreasethe

shortageofcalciuminthebonelaterinlife.Becauseofitslowimpactnature,

gardeningmakesforanexcellentactivityforthosewhoareolder,have

disabilitiesorsufferfromchronicpain.Theloveofgardeningand

beautificationcanbearealboonforlocalcommunities.Residentswholivein

areaswithnaturallandscapesknowtheirneighborsbetter,spendmoretime

outdoors,andgenerallyliveinasaferenvironment.Beautifyingroadscanhave

thedualeffectofprovidingpleasingroadsidelandscapeswhileatthesametime

providingnaturalwaystomaketheroadssomewhatsaferforsurrounding

communities.Agrowingphenomenonacrossthecountrythatbacksupgardeningand

thesenseofcommunityistherisingpopularityofcommunitygardens.Whether

it'ssomeonewithanextraplotoflandtosharewiththeirneighborsoragroup

ofrowhousesgettingtogetheronavacantlottoshareintheharvestofhappy

gardening,communitygardensbringneighborsandfamiliestogetherthroughhard

workandasharedbounty.Besidesallofthebenefitsthatgardeningprovidesto

ourselvesandourlocalcommunities,gardeningoffersanevengreaterbenefitto

theworldaroundus.Weliveinareciprocalrelationshipwithourplants.Plants

canusesunshinetoproducefoodfromboththecarbondioxidewebreatheoutand

thewatertheytakeinthroughtheirroots.Inturn,theseplantssendoutoxygen

whichallowsustobreatheandpreventpollutedwaterfromreachingintostreams

andlakes.What'smore,theplantswegrowhelptoprovidebothfoodandshelterto

wildlife,allowingforadiversenaturalhabitat.

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答案：Theabovearejustsomeofthereasonswhywegarden.Evenifwedon't

havealotofyardspacetogetasmallgardentogether,wecanstillenjoy

thebenefitsofbecomingagardener.Evenafewhouseplantsinourliving

spacesorsomecontainersofflowersorvegetablesonabalconyorfrontporch

canhelpusgainthebenefitsofthistremendouswayoflife.Through

gardening,we'llstriveforimprovedhealth,abetterlife,andagreater

world.Wehopethesewillinspireyoutogetstartedaswell.[評分參考]1.本

部分滿分20分，按四個檔次給分。其中12分為及格分，需要慎重把握。2.提供的答案

僅供參考。如果考生的回答與參考答案意思相近，或思路新穎，且有創見，即使在整體上

不夠全面，也應酌情給高分，但不得超過該題最高分值。如果考生的回答與參考答案不完

全吻合，但上下一致，語氣連貫，條理清晰，應按正確答案給分。3.寫作的用詞量如果

不符合要求，應酌情減分。4.拼寫錯誤每四個扣1分，但不重復扣分。5.分值不得出

現0.5分。第一檔(17-20分:上下連貫，意思完整，語言通順，表達清楚，很少有語法

錯誤和拼寫錯誤。第二檔(12-16分):上下較連貫，語言較通順，表達較清楚，有少數語

法錯誤和拼寫錯誤。第三檔(8-11分):上下基本連貫，語言表達不夠清楚，有較多語法

錯誤和拼寫錯誤。第四檔(0-7分):上下不夠連貫，語言不夠通順，表達不清楚，有大量

語法錯誤和拼寫錯誤。

2、【問答題】Ⅱ.Writeanoutline.(20points)Readthefollowingpassage

carefullyandcomposea"TopicOutline"forit.HowLonelinessAffectsOur

HealthandWell-beingWe'veallexperiencedlonelinessfromtimetotime.As

humansareanincrediblysocialspecies,beingaloneorleftoutofagroupcauses

theinevitablefeelingthatweexperienceasloneliness.Althoughfeelinglonelyis

anormalpartofbeinghuman,itdoesn'tmeanthatloneliness——

especiallyprolongedlonelinessishealthy.Lonelinessmaydoharmtothebody.

Scientistsbelievethatsincehumansevolvedtoliveingroups,beingalonewould

makepeoplemorevulnerabletothreats.Thus,lonelinessisassociatedwithpaying

moreatentiontothreateninginformnation.Forexample,whenpresentedwithphotos

ofthreateningandnon-threateningfaces,thebrainsoflonelyadults

processthreateninginformationfaster.Thissuggestsfeelinglonelyputsour

bodiesonhighalert,makingusmoreresponsivetothreatthanwetypicallyare.

Whilethishyper-vigilancecanbeadaptivewhenthereisreallyanimminent

threattoworryabout,italsotakesatollonthebody:Attentionto

threatincreasesourstresshormones,whichinturnincreasesourbloodpressure

andaffectsthefunctioningofourimmunesystems.Thereisalsodirectevidence

thatlonelinesshasanimmediateimpactonourbrain.Onestudyrevealedthatafer

periodsofbeingsociallyisolated,adultsshowedactivationinsimilarbrain

regionsthatareactivewhenwe'rehungry.Anotherstudylookedatadults'brains

duringanactivityafterresearchersconvincedthemthattheywerebeingexcluded

fromagamewiththeirpeers.Thepartsofthebrainthatweremostactivewhen

theadultsthoughttheywerebeingexcludedarethesamepartsofthebrainthat

areactivewhenwefeelphysicalpain.Thesesuggestthatlonelinessliterally

hurts.Then,whatshouldwedo?Theobvioussolutionistolookforsocial

supportwhereverwecanfindit.Inastudyofchildrenwhomostlygrewupamong

anumberofriskfactorsincludingpovertyandfamilyproblems,thechildren

whohadthebestoutcomesonanumberofmeasureshadsupportfromdifferentpeople

intheirlives,includinggrandparents,youthleaders,andmembersofvoluntary

organizations.Sohavingpeopleinourlifethatsupportuscanobviouslyhelp

fightfeelingsofloneliness.Wecanalsoreachouttosomeoneandtalkaboutour

feelingswhenwefeellonely,andwemightfindthatwearen'tasaloneaswe

mighthavethought.Butwhatifwedon'thaveenoughsocialsupport?Research

suggeststhatgivingsocialsupportmightbejustasimportantforrelieving

stressastakingit.Whilebothgivingandreceivingsocialsupportwererelated

tobetterpsychologicaloutcomes,givingsupportwasrelatedtolowerthreat

activityinthebrainduringastressfultask.So,helpingothersmaydojustas

muchtocopewiththestressoflonelinessasgettingsupportfromothers,if

notmore.Inconclusion,feelinglonelyisanormnalpartofbeinghuman,butit

couldcauseserioushealthconsequences.Fortunately,wecanfightloneliness

bygettingorgivingsocialsupport.

答案：TopicOutlineI.Introduction:Linelines——normalbutharmfu/unhealthy

(Paragraph1)A.LonelinessasaninevitablefeelingB.Thesis:Loneliness,

especiallyprolongedloneliness,isunhealthy.II.Negativeeffectsof

loneliness(Paragraphs2-3)A.DoingharmtothebodyB.Exertinganimmediate

impactonthebrainII.Methodstorelieveloneliness(Paragraphs4-5)

A.GettingsocialsupportB.GivingsocialsupportIV.Conclusion:Social

supportasawaytodealwithloneliness(Paragraph6)[評分參考]1.本部分滿

分20分，按四個檔次給分。其中12分為及格分，需要慎重把握。2.考生只能按題型要

求寫出“TopicOutline",如用“SentenceOutline"或兩種混用，則降檔處理。如寫成

“Summary”或其它形式，則按0分處理。其中Thesis可置于Introduction之前。3.

提供的答案僅供參考。如果考生的回答在層次劃分上與參考答案不一致，但條理清晰、合

理，概括完整，應按正確答案給分。4.拼寫錯誤每四個扣1分，但不重復扣分。5.分

值不得出現0.5分。第一檔(17-20分):概括準確，內容完整，語言通順，表達清楚。

第二檔(12-16分):概括較完整，個別要點有遺漏，語言較通順，表達較清楚。第三檔

(8-11分):概括不夠全面，部分要點有遺漏，語言基本通順，表達基本清楚。第四檔(0-

7分):概括不全面，遺漏大部分要點，語言不夠通順，表達不夠清楚。

3、【問答題】Ⅲ.Composeane