題型六翻譯句子方法技巧點撥方法1

代入法這是進行英語翻譯時最常用的方法。同學們在掌握一定的詞匯和短語之后,結合一定的語法知識,按照句子的結構特點,直接用英語帶入相應的句式即可。他把蛋糕分成了四塊。Hedividedthecakeintofourpieces.方法2

還原法

把疑問句、強調句、倒裝句等還原成基本結構。這是避免寫錯句子的一種有效辦法。這是開往倫敦的火車嗎?IsthisthetrainforLondon?還原為陳述句:ThisisthetrainforLondon.方法3

分解法把一個句子分成兩個或兩個以上的句子,這樣既能把意思表達得更清楚,又能減少寫錯句子的概率。我們要干就要干好。Ifwedoathing,weshoulddoitwell.方法4

刪減法在寫英語句子時,把相應漢語句子里的某些詞、短語或重復的成分刪掉或省略。這臺打字機真是物美價廉。Thistypewriterisverycheapandfineindeed.方法5

合并法把兩個或兩個以上的簡單句用一個復合句或較復雜的簡單句表達出來。這種方法最能體現學生的表達能力,同時也最能提高文章的可讀性。天氣轉晴了,這是我們沒有想到的。Theweatherturnedouttobeveryfine,whichwasmorethanwecouldexpect.方法6

移位法由于英語和漢語在表達習慣上存在差異,根據表達的需要,某些成分需要前置或后移。告訴我這事的人不肯告訴我他的名字。Themanwhotoldmethisrefusedtotellmehisname.方法7

分析法根據要表達的漢語意思,首先進行語法分析和句式判斷,然后寫出準確、地道的英語句子。我沒有見過他,所以說不出他的模樣。Nothavingmethim,Icannottellyouwhatheislike.方法8

意譯法首先要設法繞開難點,在保持原意的基礎上,用不同的表達方式寫出來。有志者,事竟成。Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.題型典例剖析

例

(2022·江蘇揚州改編)用括號內所給的短語,將下列句子翻譯成英語。1.我們能做什么來幫助有需要的人?(inneed)

2.不用時,請關掉電燈、電視和電腦。(turnoff)

3.秋天,樹葉變黃,從樹上落下。(turnyellow)

4.當別人說話時,這名護士能足夠耐心地認真傾聽。(enoughto)

5.我希望今年暑假我們能和朋友共度更多的時光。(spend...with)

答案解析:1.What

can

we

do

to

help

people

in

need?這是一個特殊疑問句,動詞不定式tohelppeopleinneed作目的狀語。2.Please

turn

off

the

lights,the

TVs

and

the

computers

when

they

are

not

in

use.主句是祈使句,涉及短語“turnoff＋電器”;從句是when引導的時間狀語從句,beinuse表示“在使用中”。3.In

autumn,leaves

turn

yellow

and

fall

off/

from

the

trees.該句描述的是自然現象,應用一般現在時,句子的主語用可數名詞復數leaves,謂語動詞用兩個并列短語turnyellow和falloff/fromthetrees來表達。4.This

nurse

is

patient

enough

to

listen

carefully

when

others

speak.句子是when引導的時間狀語從句,主句使用“be＋adj.＋enoughtodo”結構。5.I

hope

we

can

spend

more

time

with

friends

this

summer

vacation/holiday.主句“Ihope(that)...”表示“我希望……”,后加賓語從句。專項能力檢測Test1(2022·湖北隨州改編)用括號內所給的單詞或短語,將下列句子翻譯成英語。1.你讀過《哈利·波特》嗎?(Harry

Potter)

HaveyoureadHarry

Potteryet?

?2.Tom很擅長講故事。(goodat)

Tomisverygoodattellingstories.

?3.中國是世界上最古老的國家之一。(old)

Chinaisoneoftheoldestcountriesintheworld.

?HaveyoureadHarry

Potteryet?

Tomisverygoodattellingstories.

Chinaisoneoftheoldestcountriesintheworld.

4.那首用二胡演奏的樂曲尤其使我感動。(move)

Thepiecewhichwasplayedontheerhuespeciallymovedme.

?5.晚上我要么看電視要么聽音樂。(either...or)

Intheevening,IeitherwatchTVorlistentomusic.

?Thepiecewhichwasplayedontheerhuespeciallymovedme.

Intheevening,IeitherwatchTVorlistentomusic.

Test2(2022·天津改編)用括號內所給的短語,將下列句子翻譯成英語。1.我們在課上回答問題時應該起立。(standup)

Weshouldstandupwhenweansweraquestioninclass.

?2.我叫TonySmith。Smith是我的姓。(lastname)

MynameisTonySmithandSmithismylastname.

?3.去年,Peter在旅途中和許多人交了朋友。(onone’sjourney)

Petermadefriendswithmanypeopleonhisjourneylastyear.

?Weshouldstandupwhenweansweraquestioninclass.

MynameisTonySmithandSmithismylastname.

Petermadefriendswithmanypeopleonhisjourneylastyear.

4.我喜歡甜食,你知道的。(sweettooth)

Ihaveasweettooth,youknow.

?5.請在字典中查一下這個詞。(lookup)

Pleaselookupthewordinthedictionary.

?Ihaveasweettooth,youknow.

Pleaselookupthewordinthedictionary.

Test3(2022·甘肅武威改編)用括號內所給的單詞或短語,將下列句子翻譯成英語。1.他過去特別安靜。(usedto)

Heusedtobereallyquiet.

?2.我們齊心協力就能創造更加美好的未來。(leadto)

Together,ouractionscanleadtoabetterfuture.

?3.我們應該遵守交通法規。(trafficsignsandrules)

Weshouldalwaysfollow/obeythetrafficsignsandrules.

?4.我更喜歡自己創作音樂的歌手。(prefer)

Iprefersingerswho/thatwritetheirownmusic.

?Heusedtobereallyquiet.

Together,ouractionscanleadtoabetterfuture.

Weshouldalwaysfollow/obeythetrafficsignsandrules.

Iprefersingerswho/thatwritetheirownmusic.

Test4(2021·山東濱州改編)用括號內所給的單詞或短語,將下列句子翻譯成英語。1.我們互不相識,但陽光般的笑容讓彼此更近。(eachother)

Wedon’tknoweachotheratall,butthebrightsmilesbringuscloser.

?2.家鄉在我們的心里留下了太多柔軟和甜蜜的回憶。(somany)

Ourhometownhasleftsomanysoftandsweetmemoriesinourhearts.

?3.人們不該把自己的孩子逼得太緊。(push)

Peopleshouldn’tpushtheirkidssohard.

?4.許多外國人對中國的快速發展感到驚奇。(besurprised)

ManyforeignersaresurprisedattherapiddevelopmentofChina.

?Wedon’tknoweachotheratall,butthebrightsmilesbringuscloser.

Ourhometownhasleftsomanysoftandsweetmemoriesinourhearts.

Peopleshouldn’tpushtheirkidssohard.

ManyforeignersaresurprisedattherapiddevelopmentofChina.

5.我們信任他,因為他從未讓我們失望過。(let...down)

Webelievein/trusthimbecausehehasneverletusdown.

?Webelievein/trusthimbecausehehasneverletusdown.

Test5(2021·山東濰坊)用括號內所給的單詞或短語,將下列句子翻譯成英語。1.浪費這么好吃的食物真是可惜。(waste,such)

It’sapitytowastesuchdelicious/tastyfood.

?2.袁隆平被譽為“雜交水稻(hybridrice)之父”。(name)

YuanLongpingisnamedas“theFatherofHybridRice”.

?3.昨天經過討論,我們才知道如何解決這個問題。(not...until...)

Wedidn’tknowhowtosolvetheproblemuntilwediscussed/talkedaboutityesterday.

?It’sapitytowastesuchdelicious/tastyfood.

YuanLongpingisnamedas“theFatherofHybridRice”.

Wedidn’tknowhowtosolvetheproblemuntilwediscussed/talkedaboutityesterday.

?4.中國的“祝融號”火星探測器(Zhurongrover)已經成功登陸火星(Mars)。(landon)

China’sZhurongroverhassuccessfullylandedonMars.

?China’sZhurongroverhassuccessfullylandedonMars.

Test6(2021·江蘇揚州改編)用括號內所給的單詞或短語,將下列句子翻譯成英語。1.昨晚七點到八點他們在看電視。(from...to)

TheywerewatchingTVfromseventoeightlastnight.

?2.Tom買不起那把小提琴,因為太貴了。(afford)

Tomcan’taffordtheviolinbecauseit’stooexpensive.

?3.你認為騎自行車是很好的運動方式嗎?(agoodway)

Doyouthinkcyclingisagoodwaytoexercise?

?4.我們很開心地得知您對我們的服務很滿意。(besatisfiedwith)

Wearepleasedtolearnthatyouaresatisfiedwithourservice.

?TheywerewatchingTVfromseventoeightlastnight.

Tomcan’taffordtheviolinbecauseit’stooexpensive.

Doyouthinkcyclingisagoodwaytoexercise?

Wearepleasedtolearnthatyouaresatisfiedwithourservice.

5.我夢想有一個長假,以便能有更多的時間去旅行。(sothat)

IdreamofhavingalongvacationsothatIcanhavemoretimetotravel.

?IdreamofhavingalongvacationsothatIcanhavemoretimetotravel.

Test7(2021·湖北黃岡改編)用括號內所給的短語,將下列句子翻譯成英語。1.我們的英語老師總是在課堂上編一些有趣的對話。(makeup)

OurEnglishteacheralwaysmakesupsomeinterestingdialogsinclass.

?2.當人們談到阿炳的時候,就會想起《二泉映月》。(thinkof)

WhenpeopletalkaboutAbing,they’llthinkofErquan

Yingyue.

?3.晚飯后,當弟弟倒垃圾時,Sarah正在廚房洗碗。(dothedishes)

Afterdinner,whenherbrothertookouttherubbish,Sarahwasdoingthedishesinthekitchen.

?OurEnglishteacheralwaysmakesupsomeinterestingdialogsinclass.

WhenpeopletalkaboutAbing,they’llthinkofErquan

Yingyue.

Afterdinner,whenherbrothertookouttherubbish,Sarahwasdoingthedishesinthekitchen.

?4.為了孩子們的發展,應該減少他們周末的學習課程。(cutdown)

Forchildren’sdevelopment,theircoursesonweekendsshouldbecutdown.

?5.聽輕音樂讓我更容易入睡。(fallasleep)

Listeningtolightmusicmakesiteasierformetofallasleep.

?Forchildren’sdevelopment,theircoursesonweekendsshouldbecutdown.

Listeningtolightmusicmakesiteasierformetofallasleep.

Test8(2021·遼寧朝陽改編)用括號內所給的短語,將下列句子翻譯成英語。1.當你說英語的時候不要害怕犯錯誤。(beafraidof)

Don’tbeafraidofmakingmistakeswhenyouspeakEnglish.

?2.我期待收到你的來信。(lookforwardto)

I’mlookingforwardtohearingfromyou.

?3.如果Tom下周來,我將帶他在我們城市轉一轉。(showaround)

IfTomcomesnextweek,Iwillshowhimaroundourcity.

?4.毫無疑問,中國現在更加擅長制造高科技產品。(withoutdoubt)

Withoutdoubt,Chinaismuchbetteratmakinghigh-technologyproductsnow.

?Don’tbeafraidofmakingmistakeswhenyouspeakEnglish.

I’mlookingforwardtohearingfromyou.

IfTomcomesnextweek,Iwillshowhimaroundourcity.

Withoutdoubt,Chinaismuchbetteratmakinghigh-technologyproductsnow.

Test9(2021·甘肅武威改編)用括號內所給的單詞或短語,將下列句子翻譯成英語。1.書店在超市的對面。(acrossfrom)

Thebookstoreisacrossfromthesupermarket.

?2.成功最終屬于努力的人。(belongto)

Successbelongstothehard-workingpeopleintheend.

?3.別忘了在完成寫作后仔細檢查。(forget)

Don’tforgettocheckcarefullyafterwriting/finishingthecomposition.

?4.這個航班因惡劣天氣延誤了。(becauseof)

Theflightwasdelayedbecauseofthebadweather.

?Thebookstoreisacrossfromthesupermarket.

Successbelongstothehard-workingpeopleintheend.

Don’tforgettocheckcarefullyafterwriting/finishingthecomposition.

Theflightwasdelayedbecauseofthebadweather.

5.健康取決于食物、鍛煉和足夠的睡眠。(dependon)

Healthdependsonfood,exerciseandenoughsleep.

?Healthdependsonfood,exerciseandenoughsleep.

Test10用括號內所給的單詞或短語,將下列句子翻譯成英語。1.中國人認為紅色能夠給他們帶來好運。(bring...to)

Chinesepeoplethinkthatthecolorredcanbringgoodlucktothem.

?2.人人都應該在保護野生動物方面發揮作用。(playapartin)

Everyoneshouldplayapartinprotectingwildanimals.

?3.觀看沏茶和喝茶一樣令人享受。(asenjoyableas)

Watchingtheteapreparationisjustasenjoyableasdrinkingtheteaitself.

?Chinesepeoplethinkthatthecolorredcanbringgoodlucktothem.

Everyoneshouldplayapartinprotectingwildanimals.

Watchingtheteapreparationisjustasenjoyableasdrinkingtheteaitself.

4.網課期間,我們多數人做作業都很認真。(doone’shomework)

Mostofusdidourhomeworkverycarefullywhenwehadclassesonline.

?5.我們珍惜日常生活中與家人和朋友在一起的時光。(spend)

Wevaluethetimewespendwithourfamilyandfriendsin(our)everydaylives/life.

?Mostofusdidourhomeworkverycarefullywhenwehadclassesonline.

Wevaluethetimewespendwithourfamilyandfriendsin(our)everydaylives/life.

?Test11用括號內所給的短語,將下列句子翻譯成英語。1.兩年前Kate成了舞蹈俱樂部的一名成員。(amemberof)

Katehasbeenamemberofthedancingclubsincetwoyearsago.

?2.昨天Tom買了一輛玩具車。玩具車的輪子是用木頭制成的。(bemadeof)

Tomboughtatoycaryesterday.Thewheelsofitaremadeofwood.

?3.我奶奶最愛評書,它是中國最傳統的藝術形式之一。(oneof)

Pingshuismygrandma’sfavorite.It’soneofthemosttraditionalartformsinChina.

?Katehasbeenamemberofthedancingclubsincetwoyearsago.

Tomboughtatoycaryesterday.Thewheelsofitaremadeofwood.

Pingshuismygrandma’sfavorite.It’soneofthemosttraditionalartformsinChina.

?4.你能和我們一起分發新書嗎?(handout)

Couldyoujoinusbyhandingout(the)newbooks,please?

?5.他們的產品沒有達到標準,他們上周日必須加班。(uptostandard)

Theirproductsweren’tuptostandard.TheyhadtoworklastSunday.

?Couldyoujoinusbyhandingout(the)newbooks,please?

Theirproductsweren’tuptostandard.TheyhadtoworklastSunday.

Test12用括號內所給的單詞或短語,將下列句子翻譯成英語。1.Kate決定去社區工作,而不是度假。(insteadof)

Insteadofgoingonholiday/takingavacation,Katedecidedtoworkinthecommunity.

?2.在我們的幫助下,小鳥終于回巢了。

(withone’shelp)

Withourhelp,thebabybirdgotbacktoitsnestintheend.

?3