小升初專項復習形容詞&副詞【知識點梳理】一、形容詞

1、定義

形容詞用來修飾和形容名詞，表示名詞的屬性，補充說明它的意思。

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2、位置（1）用于名詞前巧記形容詞的排列順序：

限定描繪大長高，新舊年齡和形狀，顏色國籍和材料，依次挨著往后靠。（2）用于連系動詞后常見的連系動詞：一be：am,is,are三變：get/bee/grow(變得)五感官：look(看起來)，feel(摸起來)，smell(聞起來)，taste(嘗起來)，sound(聽起來)其它：go/e（變）,remain（保持）keep（保持）。（3）用于不定代詞后常見的不定代詞有：something,anything,somebody,anybody,nothing,nobody等*常見的以ly結尾的形容詞：lovely(可愛的)， friendly(友好的)， daily(日常的)， yearly(每年的)lonely(孤獨的), ugly(丑陋的), lively(生機勃勃的), silly(愚蠢的)Shelookslovely.她看上去很漂亮。3.含有形容詞的常用句型（1）Itis+形容詞+of+sb.+todosth.這一句型表示“某人（做某事）…”。常用形容詞有good,kind,nice等，來說明“人”的性質或特征。Itisverykindofyoutohelpme.你們能幫助我真是太好了。（2）Itis+形容詞+for+sb.+todosth.這一句型表示“做某事對某人來說…”。常用形容詞有difficult,easy,hard等。Itisdangerousforhimtoswimalone.他一個人去游泳很危險。（3）主語+be+形容詞+todosth.這一句型常用表示感情或情緒的形容詞，如：glad,pleases,sorry,sad等；以及表示能力或意志的形容詞，如：able,ready,sure,certain等。Iamsorrytohearthenews.聽到這個消息我很難過。4.ing形容詞和ed形容詞(1).–ing形容詞，一般修飾事物，多指事物對人的影響，表示“令人…”Thisisasurprisingstory.(2).–ed形容詞，主語一般是人，多指人對事物的感受，表示“感到…”Iwassurprisedtohearthestory.課堂練習一、單項選擇。()1.Exercisehelpskeepthebodystrongand_________.A.healthy B.sick C.sleep D.fat()2.Eatinggoodfoodis_________forthebody.A.bad B.important C.tired D.importantly()3.Smokefromcarsis________toourworld. A.harmful B.beautiful C.foolish D.surprising()4.My_________bikewastoosmallforme. A.oldyellow B.yellowold C.anold D.ayellow()5.Therewas_________intheexam. A.difficultthings B.difficultnothing C.athingdifficult D.nothingdifficult()6.Itis_________totakepicturesofoldbuildings. A.interested B.interests C.interest D.interesting()7.Itisnot________todriveinthisrain. A.safe B.safely C.safeness D.safety()8.Itisalways_________torideonbikes. A.excited B.exciting C.excitement D.excite二、用所給詞的適當形式填空。1.Itisapitynottogooutsideona__________day.(sun)2.Itwas___________ofGeorgetobringanumbrellaformeonarainyday.(kind)3.Sportshelpuskeep_________.(love)4.Itis_____________forveryyoungchildrentobeleftalone.(danger)5.Itisnot___________foroldpeopletousesmartphones.(ease)6.Heislookingforsomething__________.(interest)7.Weareso___________aboutthepartytonight.(excite)8.Be___________.Youmighthurtyourself.(care)9.Thefilmwassointeresting,andithada___________ending.(surprise)10.Eatingvegetablesisgoodforustokeep___________(health).二、副詞

1、副詞的構成。形容詞+ly：quickquickly,slowslowly以輔音字母+y結尾的形容詞，變y為i，再+ly:easyeasily;happyhappily以ue結尾的形容詞，去e+ly：truetruly形副同形：fast;hard;far;early;late特殊變化：goodwell

2、副詞的功能（1）修飾動詞：Youshoulddriveslowlyonarainyday.（2）修飾形容詞：Youarequiteright.（3）修飾其它副詞：Don’tridetoofast.（4）修飾句子：Luckily,wedidn’tmissthelasttrain.課堂練習一、單項選擇。()1.She__________wentintothedarkroom. A.bravely B.brave C.downstairs D.careful()2.Iwassosurprised.Hisnewflatwas__________painted. A.beautifully B.beauty C.beautiful D.morebeautiful()3.Alex_______fixedthebookshelvestothewall.Itwastoodifficultformetofinishitonmyown. A.quick B.easily C.hard D.nice()4.Wedidn’tunderstandtheteacher’swordsvery_________. A.worse B.good C.well D.bad二、用所給詞的適當形式填空。1.Don’trun.Youneedtogo__________.(slow)2.Hetouchedthecatvery___________.(careful)3.HerEnglishisvery__________.ShespeaksEnglishvery__________.(good)4.She__________invitedustodinner.(warm)5.Idon’tknowwhysheranso_________(fast).6.Wecanmakeacake____________withMum’sinstructions.(easy)【拓展】形容詞，副詞的比較級和最高級表示兩者進行比較時用比較級，表示三者及以上事物進行比較時用最高級。1.規則變化（1）單音節和少數雙音節單詞一般情況下，直接在詞尾+er/+est；以e結尾，直接在詞尾+r/+st；以“輔音字母+y”結尾時，把y變成i，再+er/+est；輔元輔，雙寫尾字母，再+er/+est。（2）多音節詞和少數雙音節詞比較級：在原級前面+more最高級：形容詞在原級前+themost,副詞在原級前+（the）most。2.不規則變化原級比較級最高級good/wellbetterthebestbad/illworsetheworstlittlelesstheleastmany/muchmorethemostfarfarther(表距離)／further（表程度）thefarthest/furthestoldolder(更老的；更舊的)／elder(年長的)theoldest/eldest3.比較級的用法（1）表示兩者之間的比較A+系動詞+形容詞比較級+than+Be.g.Lily’slegsarelongerthanLucy’s.A+實義動詞+副詞比較級+than+Be.g.MikerunsfasterthanPeter.（2）表示“越來越…”單音節詞和少數雙音節詞：比較級and比較級hotterandhotter多音節詞和部分雙音節詞：moreandmore+原級moreandmoreslowly4.最高級的用法主語+系動詞+the+形容詞的最高級e.g.Heisthetallestoftheboysoverthere.主語+實義動詞+（the）+副詞的最高級e.g.Heran(the)fastestwhenwemetthebear.四、平級比較：as+原級+as…和…一樣…e.g.HerEnglishisasfluentasanativespeaker’s.e.g.Ialwaysetoschoolasearlyashedoes.【課堂練習】一、適當形式填空1.Itisraining(heavy)outside.2.Look,Jennyisdancing.Shedances(good).3.Trytodo(well)nexttime.4.Jackisthe(tall)boyinhisclass.5.Yourideasounds(wonderfully).6.Pleasewrite(careful).7.Ican’tseethewordsontheblackboard(clear).8.Peterisalways(friend)tome.9.OurEnglishteachercanspeakEnglishvery(fluent).10.Tomranhome(quick).二、單選/適當形式填空1.Shecanrunasashisbrother.A.fast B.faster C.farther D.slower2.Walkintoyourbedroombecauseyourfatherissleeping.A.quiet B.quietly C.loud D.loudly3.Heisastudent.Healwaysdoeshishomework.A.careful,carefully B.quietly,quietC.beautiful,beautifully D.well,good4.Insummerpeopleusuallysleeptheirwindows.A.with,open Bwithout,open C.with,close D.with,closed5.Hisideasounds.A.interest B.interesting C.interested D.interestingly6.Istheshopat8:00intheevening?A.closed B.closes C.opens D.open7.Howyouhitthedoor!It’sbroken.A.hard B.strongC.happyD.exciting8.Look!YangLingandSuHaiareplayingballgames.A.happy B.veryhappy C.happily9.Whichseasondoyoulike,summerorwinter?A.best B.betterC.thebest10.Thestudentsare.Theylikewatchingthebasketballmatch.A.excited,exciting B.excited,excited C.exciting,excited11.Ihavemoneythanyou,butIhavefriendsthanyou.A.less,more B.more,more C.less,fewer D.fewer,more12.Ontheirway,theywereveryhappy.A.home B.tohomeC.thehome D.tothehome13.Heturnedaround,buthecouldn’tsee.A.somethingunusual B.anythingunusualC.unusualanything