DiscoveringUsefulStructuresUnit01ART

新人教選擇性必修三不定式作表語LearningAimsAfterthisperiodoftheclass,youwillbeableto:1.understandandgraspthepragmaticfeaturesandfunctionsanddifferentmeaningsoftheinfinitivesasthepredicative;2.usetheinfinitivesproperlyinthedesignedcontext;3.makeupshortconversationsusingtheinfinitivesfluentlyandcorrectly.(languageoutput)ⅠLeadin【P5activity1】Readthesesentencesandfillintheblanksusingthecorrectwordsfromthetextonpages2and3.Perhapsthebest_____tounderstandWesternartistolook

atthedevelopmentofWesternpaintingoverthecenturies.DuringtheMiddleAges,the_______ofWesternartwastoteachpeopleaboutChristianity.Inthiswork,Monet’s____wastoconveythelightandmovementinthescene...___________________________wasnolongershowreality,butinsteadtoaskthequestion,“Whatisart?”waypurposeaimWhattheyattemptedtodo動詞不定式在句中作表語

Readthesesentencesandfillintheblanksusingthecorrectwordsfromthetextonpages2and3.Discusswithyourpartnerthefunctionoftheitalicizedinfinitives.Perhapsthebest______tounderstandWesternartistolookatthedevelopmentofWesternpaintingoverthecenturies.2.DuringtheMiddleages,the__________ofWesternartwastoteachpeopleaboutChristianity.waypurposePredicative表語Predicative表語

3.Inthiswork,Monet’s_____wastoconveythelightandmovementinthescene.4.___________________________wasnolonger(to)showreality,butinsteadtoaskthequestion,“Whatisart”?aimWhattheyattemptedtodoPredicative表語Predicative表語ⅡObserveandDiscover1.基本形式：

to+動詞原形2.其否定形式是:

not/nevertodo.3.注意：不定式沒有人稱和數的變化。

主動語態

被動語態一般式進行式完成式完成進行式

todo

tobedone

tobedoing

tohavedone

tohavebeendone

tohavebeendoing一、不定式的形式總結歸納動詞不定式作表語Tip1：主語是以__________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________等為中心的名詞詞組時，或者以________________________表示時，一般用動詞不定式作表語說明主語的內容。principle,

problem,reason,risk,role,task,thing,wish,aim,suggestion,duty,hope,idea,intention,plan,purpose,way動詞不定式difficulty,experience,habit,job,method,what引導的名詞性從句有時，根據表達的需要，在作表語的不定式前，還可添加疑問代詞或疑問副詞，包括what,who,how,when,where等。例如：Theproblemwashowtobegin.ObserveandDiscoverTip2：當主語包含定語從句且其先行詞為代詞_____或者主語被___________________或形容詞________修飾時，其后可接“系動詞+不定式”作句子的表語。ObserveandDiscoverAllhewantedwas_______________.

他只想一個人待著。TheleastIcandotohelpis________________.

我所能幫的最起碼的事是借給她一輛車。tobeleftalonetolendheracarallonly,first,one,least最高級動詞不定式Tip3：動詞不定式作表語可用于被動語態，相當于___________________________________，具有情態意義。Theregulationsare__________________.=Theregulationsmustbeobserved.Youare_______________.=Youshouldberewarded.tobeobservedtoberewardedcan/could,ObserveandDiscover動詞不定式should,oughtto,mustTip4：動詞不定式作表語可表示“___________________________________________________________”等。⑦Youmustbepatientandpersistentifyouare___________.(愿望)如果你想成功，你必須有耐心和恒心。⑧Youare_________aface-to-facetalkwiththem.(勸告)

你必須得和他們進行一次面對面的談話。意愿、禁止、預期的結果tosucceedtohave同意、安排、命令、決定、勸告、愿望、ObserveandDiscover動詞不定式Tip5：某些動詞不定式(短語)作表語時，需用主動形式表示__________。⑨Whois_____________thefire?

誰應為這場大火承擔責任？⑩Thehouseis_________.

此房出租。toblamefortolet被動意義ObserveandDiscover動詞不定式動詞不定式作表語省略to的情況ObserveandDiscover3.晚上他做過的唯一的事是讀報紙。Allweneedtodois

live

eachdaywithhope.Whattheyattemptedtodowas

draw

public

attention.In

the

evening

theonlythinghedidwas

read

the

newspaper.動詞不定式(短語)作表語時，一般情況下不定式符號to不能省略，但當主句主語部分含有實義動詞do的某種形式時，可省略作表語的動詞不定式（短語）里的不定式符號to:

1.我們需要做的就是懷有希望過好每一天。________________________________________________________________________________2.他們試圖做的是引起公眾關注。_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ObserveandDiscover動詞不定式和v-ing作表語時，要注意與句子的主語在形式上保持一致，即若句子的主語為v-ing，則表語也應使用v-ing；若主語為動詞不定式，則表語也應使用動詞不定式。Toseeistobelieve.=Seeingisbelieving.動詞不定式作表語和v-ing作表語的區別動詞不定式和v-ing作表語時可換用，但以下情況除外:當動詞所表達的是某一特定的行為，尤其是將來的行為或有待于實現的行為時，通常用動詞不定式作表語。Herbestwishistoputhernewideasintopractice.若動詞所表達的并不強調動作，而是表示主語的內容，則通常用v-ing作表語。Myfavoritesportisswimming.WhatIhatemostisbeinglaughedat.ⅢPracticeandApplyⅠ.單句語法填空Themostmeaningfulthinghewantstodois______(help)thepoor.Thisyear,hisplanis_______(make)somechangesintheteachingmethod.WhatIsuggestis

_______(start)workatonce.Oneofherhobbiesis

_________(collect)stamps.Ithinkitisyourbrotherwhois_______(blame)fortheaccident.

helptomaketostartcollectingtoblame即學即練PracticeandApplyPracticeandApply即學即練Ⅱ.翻譯句子1.對敵人仁慈就是對人民殘酷。___________________________________________________2.我的主要目的是指出這件事的困難。

___________________________________________________3.我建議推遲會議。

__________________________________________________________Tobekindtotheenemyistobecrueltothepeople.Mychiefpurposeistopointoutthedifficultiesofthematter.WhatIwouldsuggestistoputoffthemeeting.Learnaboutthefunctionalmeaningandpragmaticfeaturesofinfinitivesthroughidentifyingkeywordsofthesubjectphrasesmatchingthesentenceshalves.Matchthesentencehalvesandunderlinethenounsorclausesusedasthesubjectineachsentence.Explainthemeaningsofthecompletesentences.【P5activity2】Matchthesentencehalves.PracticeandApply【P5activity2】Underlinethenounsorclausesusedasthesubjectineachsentence.Explainthemeaningsofthecompletesentences.Theyoungsinger’sintentionofperformingthesongwastosharehisloveforrockmusicwithhisfans.Thebestwaytodobusinessistobuildtrustbetweenyouandyourclient.Whatthesurvivorsattemptedtodowastobuildamemorialtotheheroeswhosavedtheirlives.Themainpurposeofarteducationinschoolsistoinspirestudentstobecreative.PracticeandApplyMeaning/ConstructSubjectanactionforsomepurposeawayofactionadviceresponsibilityaclause【P5activity2】Discoverwhatthesesubjectsshareincommonbyusingthefollowingtable.What...attempted...,All...wanted...intention,plan,purpose,aimway,things,business,habit,principle,vocation,chance,methodsuggestion,thoughtduty,orderPracticeandApplyChoosefivesentencesfromActivity2onpage5andaboveexamples,andrewritethemaccordingtoyourownidea.PracticeandApplySharethesentenceswithyourpartnerandthenwiththeclass.【P5Activity3】Makeconversationsusingthefollowingquestionsandsentencepatterns.What’syourbiggestdream/ambitioninlife?Howareyougoingtomakeyourdreamcometrue?Howareyougoingtoachieveyourgoal?Doyouhaveanyplans?Whatmightbedifficultforyou?Howareyougoingtodealwith...?WorkinpairsPracticeandApplysampleconversationA:What’syourbiggestambitioninlife?B:MybiggestambitioninlifeistorunaninternationalmarathoninBeijing.A:Wow,thatsoundsgreat!Howareyougoingtomakeyourdreamcometrue?B:Ishouldpractice,practice,practiceandnevergiveup!A:Howareyougoingtoachieveyourgoal?Doyouhaveanyplans?B:Yes,myplanistorunmyfirstmarathonintwoyears’time.IthinkallIhavetodoisstartrunningshorterraces,andthengetusedtolongerandlongerraces.A:Whatmightbedifficultforyou?B:Ithinkoneofthehardestthingsmightbetrainingmybodyandmindtoenduresuchalongrace.A:Howareyougoingtodealwiththat?B:Iguessthebestwaytodealwiththatistotrainslowlybutwithgreatfocus,getalotofsupportfromfriendsandfamily,alwaysbepositive,andkeepmylong-termgoal