2023-2024學年九年級上學期期末考試（云南卷）英語本試卷共三個部分，滿分70分。注意事項：1.答卷前，考生務必在答題卡上用黑色字跡的鋼筆或簽字筆填寫自己的考生號、姓名、試室號、座位號，再用2B鉛筆把對應這兩個號碼的標號涂黑。2.選擇題每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如需要改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案。不能答在試卷上。3.非選擇題必須用黑色字跡的鋼筆或簽字筆作答，答案必須寫在答題卡各題目指定區域的相應位置上；如需要改動，先劃掉原來的答案，然后再寫上新的答案，改動的答案也不能超出指定的區域；不準使用鉛筆、圓珠筆和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案無效。4.考生必須保持答題卡的整潔，考試結束，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分英語知識運用（共兩節，滿分20分）第一節單項填空（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）從題中所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，并將所選答案涂到答題卡的相應位置上。1．—ThesunshinesbrightlyinYunnan.Soyou’dbettertake________umbrellawhenyougoout.—OK.It’s________usefulsuggestion.A．an;the B．a;the C．a;an D．an;a2．GiantpandaYaYaarrived________ShanghaiPudongInternationalAirport________April27th,2023fromMemphis,Tennessee.A．in;in B．on;at C．at;on D．in;on3．OnthestreetsofKunmingduringtheInternationalLaborDayholiday,jacarandas(藍花楹)swinginthewind,whichmaybethe________whyKunmingiscalledthecityofspring.A．value B．reason C．purpose D．treasure4．Manyhandsmakelightwork.Nothingwillbeachieved________allmembersworktogether.A．if B．until C．unless D．although5．Qipaoisoneof________dressesinChina.Andmanyforeignersalsolikeitverymuch.A．traditional B．moretraditional C．mosttraditional D．themosttraditional6．Whenwestayinthecountryside,wecanbeclosetonatureand________freshair.A．takeup B．takein C．takeaway D．takeafter7．________excellentspeechgivenbyMr.Lionthegraduationceremony!Itmadeeverystudentcheerfulandhopeful.A．What B．Whatan C．How D．Howan8．—WhichclassicalChinesepoemdoyoulikebest?—IlikethepoemSongoftheFrontier(《涼州詞》)byWangHan.Itsaid“Don’tlaughifwelaydrunken(醉酒)onthebattleground,________soldiersevercamebacksafeandsound?”A．howmany B．why C．which D．whose9．—Wouldyoumindmy________here?—Betternot.Ifyoudothat,youwillbefined(罰款).A．smoke B．tosmoke C．smoking D．smokeing10．Heaskedme________.A．thattheycangotomyhometownbyhigh-speedtrainB．howcantheygotomyhometownbyhigh-speedtrainC．whycouldtheygotomyhometownbyhigh-speedtrainD．iftheycouldgotomyhometownbyhigh-speedtrain第二節完形填空（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）從A、B、C、D四個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳答案，并將所選答案涂到答題卡的相應位置上。Everysummer,Cathylookedforwardto11totheislandofAndrosforvacation.Atthere,shewouldspendtimewithhergrandmotherinthecornfields12pickingseagrapeswithhercousins.13activityshereallylovedwas“crabbing”.Shewouldaskhergrandfathertotakeherouteveryeveningsoshecouldpracticehercrab(螃蟹)catchingskillsonthebeach.Cathywantedtocatchthecrabssomuchthatshewentoutonenightwhilehergrandparentsfell14.Shetookherflashlightandrushedontothebeach.Theskywas15andthebeachlookedprettydifferentfromthatoftheday.WhatmadeCathy16scaredwasthatshecouldnotseeanyoneonthebeach.17onlynoiseshecouldhearwasthecomingsandgoingsofthewaves.Cathystartedtorealizethatitwasabadideatosneak(溜)out18alone.Shedecidedtorushbackhomeas19asshecould.Justatthattime,ahugeblackcrabgotherright20.Sheletoutaloudcry.Luckily,oneofhercousinsheardherandhelpedherout.Afterthatexperience,Cathydecidednottosneakoutthehousealoneatnightagain!11．A．go B．goes C．going D．gone12．A．so B．and C．but D．because13．A．One B．Once C．First D．Firstly14．A．sleep B．slept C．sleepy D．asleep15．A．dark B．light C．brown D．white16．A．true B．truly C．truth D．truthful17．A．A B．An C．The D．/18．A．atnoon B．atnight C．inthemorning D．intheafternoon19．A．fast B．faster C．fastest D．thefastest20．A．head B．nose C．foot D．throat第二部分閱讀理解（共三節，滿分30分）第一節（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）根據短文內容，判斷正誤（正確“T”，錯誤“F”）。Snowforestsmakeupabout30%oftheworld’stotalforestareas.Althoughthesewonderfulwoodlands(林地)arenotasfamousastheAmazonorotherrainforests,theyareveryimportantfortheEarth’shealth.Snowforestsarefoundinthefarnorthoftheworld,inareasthatarequitecoldandusuallyhavealotofsnowfall.Theyrunforthousandsofmilesandcoverabout17%oftheEarth’stotallandarea.Wintersinthesewoodlandscanlastuptosixmonthsbutevenso,snowforestsarehometomanykindsofanimals.Snowforestshaveanimportantjob-helpingtoabsorb(吸收)carbon-based(碳基)gases.However,snowforestsarefacingseveraldangers.Treesarebeingcutdownfasterandfasterfortheirwood.Someforestsarebeingclearedfornewroadsandhouses.Thisleadstolessandlesslivingspaceforwildlife.What’smore,astheworldgetswarmer,theriskoffiresinsnowforestsrises.Inrecentyears,CanadaandRussiahaveseenverydangerousfires.It’sverytimetotakesomemeasurestoprotectsnowforestsnow.21．SnowforestsareasfamousasAmazonrainforest.22．Wintersinsnowforestareascanlastforalongtime.23．Snowforestscanhelptoabsorbcarbon-basedgases.24．Inrecentyears,snowforestsarefacingthedangerofdrought(干旱).25．Thepassageistalkingabouthowtoprotectsnowforests.第二節（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）根據短文內容，從題中所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并將所選答案涂到答題卡的相應位置上。AAttheageof45,mywell-orderedlifebecamefullofchanges.After22yearsofworkinginabank,Ilosemyjob.Fromthebeginning,Ididn’tseethismatterasbadluck,butasawelcomechance.Irefusedtobesad,instead,Iactivelyplannedtodosomethingnewanddifferent.First,IdecidedtoreturntocollegeandgraduatemanyyearslaterthanIshouldhave.Doingthisatmyageneededmorecourage.Notattendingcollegedidnotstopmyjobinthebank,butnowitwasapersonalgoal.Withalotofdetermination（決心）,Iwenttoeveningclassesandbecameanadultstudent.Intheclass,Ibecamemoreandmoreconfident.Duringthistime,Irealizedthatpersonalgrowthneverstops.ThesecondthingIdidtoimprovemyselfwastolookbackatmypastlife.Itusedtobefilledwithendlessandmeaninglessthings.Butnow,myheartandlifearecompletelyaboutpeopleIcarefor.So,thelossofmyjobledtosomepositivechangesinmylife.Revisiting（再訪）thepastmaderoomforthefuture.Ihaveacceptedthechange,andIammakingthemostofit.26．Whathappenedtothewriter?A．Shehaddifficultyimprovingherself. B．Hersonfailedtoenteracollege.C．Herhusbanddiedinanaccident. D．Shelostherjobattheageof45.27．Howdidthewriterdealwiththechange?A．Shefelthopeless. B．Shesawthisasbadluck.C．Shesawthisasachance. D．Shegaveupherlife.28．Whatdidthewriterdotoimproveherself?①Shemovedtoanothercity.

②Shedecidedtobeateacher.③Shelookedbackatherpastlife.

④Shereturnedtocollege.A．①② B．③④ C．①④ D．②③29．Thewriterthoughtthelossofherjobhada(n)________effect.A．positive B．negative C．exciting D．surprising30．Thebesttitleforthispassageis“________”.A．LifelongLearningPlan B．WaystoDevelopConfidenceC．PreparationfortheFuture D．MyChangesinMiddleAgeBChina’stopdefenseengineering(國防工程)expertQianQihuwasawardedtheOrderofAugusttheFirst(八一勛章)lastyearforwhathehaddonefornationaldefense.BorninOctober1937inKunshan,JiangsuProvince,Qianhasspentover60yearsstudyingprotectionengineering,helpingChinatobuildthe“UndergroundGreatWall”.Ifthegroundbuildingsareintrouble,theunderground“cities”canhidepeopleandstorethebasicthingsneededforlife.Qianspentmorethanhalfacenturyworkingfornationaldefenseandmadegreatefforttobuildmanydefensebuildingslyingdeepinsidemountains.QianhasplayedanimportantroleinmanynationalprojectssuchastheNanjingYangtzeRiverTunnel,theHongKong-Zhuhai-MacaoBridge,andtheSouh-to-NorthWaterTransferProjcct.QianisalsothewinnerofChina’stopscientifiehonor—theStatePreeminentScienceandTechnologyAward(國家最高科學技術獎)in2018.Hegaveawayallthemoneyawardedtohelppoorchildrengeteducation,whichwas8millionyuanintotal.However,Qianhimselflivesasimplelifeallthetime.31．WhathonordidQianreceivein2022?A．TheStatePreeminentScienceandTechnologyAward.B．TheOrderofAugusttheFirstC．TheNanjingYangtzeRiverTunnel.D．TheHongKong-Zhuhai-MacaoBridge.32．HowlonghasQianspentstudyingprotectionengineering?A．Morethan60years. B．Lessthan60years.C．Morethan50years. D．Lessthan50years.33．Whatcanunderground“cities”do?A．Helppoorchildrenreceiveeducation.B．Builddefensebuildingslyingdeepinsidemountains.C．Provideagoodenvironmentwherepeoplecanstudyprotectionengineering.D．Protectpeopleandthebasicthingsneededforlife.34．Thewritersupportshisopinionby______.A．makingcomparisons B．askingquestions C．listingfacts D．tellingstories35．WhatisQianlikeaccordingtothepassage?A．Helpfulandhumorous. B．Friendlyandhonest.C．Confidentandcreative. D．Hard-workingandkind.CMictobes(微生物)helpusdolotsofthingshereonEarth.Theycanmakebreadriseandcureinfections(感染),amongmanyotherthings.Researchershavedonelotsofexperimentswithmicrobesinspaceandtheirlatestfindingsshowthatthesemicrobescouldhelpusexplore(探究)moreofouruniverse.Lastsummer,theEuropeanSpaceAgencydidanexperimentcalledBioRockontheInternationalSpaceStation.Inthisexperiment,threespeciesofbacteria(細菌)weretestedontheirabilitytopullrare(稀有的)earthelements(REEs)outofrocksinthreetypesofgravity(重力)—normalEarthgravity,Marsgravityandmicrogravity.Thismethodofusingmicrobestopullout“biomining”.We’vebeendoingitforsometimehereonEarth,mainlytopulloutcopper(銅)andgold.Butwoulditworkinspaceoronanotherplanet?Theresultswereencouraging.Ofthethreespecies,onewasabletopull14typesofREEsoutofrocksinallthreetypesofgraviy.Therocksusedintheexperimentweremedeofbasalt(玄武巖)—atypeofrockthatiscommonlyfoundonEarth,Marsandthemoon.Whilethefindingsmightbeinterestingontheirown,howcantheyhelpusexplorespace?Foronething,spaceexplorationinthefuturewillrequireustofindresourcesonthemoonandMarsthatwecanusetocontinueourexplorationefforts.Biominingcanhelpusdothischeaplyandeasily.36．Whatdothelatestfindingsofmicrobesshow?A．Microbescancureinfections.B．Microbescanmakebreadrise.C．Microbescanmakepeoplefeelill.D．Microbescanhelppullresourcesfromrocks.37．WhichofthestatementsisTRUEabout“biomining”?A．Biominingisbasedontheuseofmicrobes.B．Biorminingcanhelpusfindbasaltquickly.C．Biominingcandevelopbiology.D．Itcanonlybeusedtoextractcopperandgold.38．Whatisthepurposeoftheexperiment“BioRock”?A．ToseeifbacteriacanextractcopperandgoldonEarth.B．Tofindouthowbacteriaworkunderdifferenttypesofgravity.C．Tocollectusefulmicrobes.D．Toprepareforfuturelaunchesofspacecraft.39．Whatdoweknowfromthispassage?A．Microbesarewidelyusedinscientificfields.B．Thereareonlythreekindsofgravityinspace.C．Basaltisatypeofdarkrockthatwecan’tseeitasusual.D．Biomininghasbeenusedinspaceformanyyears.40．Wherecanweprobablyreadthispassage?A．Asciencefictionbook B．Abookabouthumanhistory.C．Aguidebookabouttravelling D．Thesciencesectioninanewspaper.第三節（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）根據短文內容，從短文后所給的選項中，選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項，并將所選答案涂到答題卡的相應位置上。Doyouknowthereisanearthquakeeverythirtysecondsintheworld?ManyearthquakeshappeninChina,too.Doyouknowhowtokeepsafeinanearthquake?41Whentheearthquakehappens,protectyourselffirst.42Don’tgobacktogetyourmoneyorcomputers.Ifyouareathome,hideunderadesk.Stayawayfromwindowsbecauseanythingmayfallonyou.Ifyouareoutdoors,trytomoveawayfrombuildingsandstreetlights.Theymayfallonyou.Ifyouareinashopandfarfromthedoor,don’trunoutside.43Hideunderadesk.Don’tgetintoaliftduringanearthquake.Ifyouareinamovingcar,drivetothesideoftheroad,stopasquicklyaspossible,andstayinthecar.44It’sdangerous.Whenanearthquakehasended,becarefulbecauseaftershocksmaystillhappen.Theyarejustasdangerousastheearthquakes,sostayunderthedeskuntilyouthinkitisreallysafetogetout.Makesureyouwearshoesafteranearthquake.Theremaybebrokenglassontheground.45Weshouldalwayshopeforthebestbutbereadyfortheworst.A．Donottrytodriveacrossbridges.B．Helpthepeoplenearyou.C．Everyonewillrunoutsidesothatpeoplemayhurteachother.D．Remember,thesetipsareveryimportant.E．Hereissomeadviceforyou.F．Youcancallthepolice.G．Thelifeisthemostimportantbecausewherethereislife,thereishope.第三部分寫作（共三節，滿分20分）第一節（共5小題；每小題1分，滿分5分）根據句意，用括號中所給詞的適當形式填空，并將答案寫在答題卡的相應位置上。46．ZhangSongwenisnowoneofthemostpopular.Ilikehimverymuch.(act)47．Themostthinginourlivesistimeratherthanmoney.(value)48．You’dbetterthinkbeforetakingupanewhobby.Don’tchooseitjustforfun.(serious)49．Cookingclassescanhelpchildrentotakecareof.(they)50．Everyoneplaysanimportantroleintheenvironment.(protect)第二節（共5小題；每小題1分，滿分5分）將下列句子中漢語部分譯成英語，注意使用適當的形式，并將答案寫在答題卡的相應位置上。51．DifferentpartsofChinahavetheirownspecialformsof.（傳統藝術）52．Whenyouahobby,youleaveallyourworriesbehind.（忙于……）53．You’llsucceedyoudoonethingatatimeandsticktoyourplan.（只要）54．Tinadidn’tgettothecinemayesterdaybecauseoftheheavytraffic.（按時）55．Weshouldthingsweuseinrightplacesinordertofindthemeasilynexttime.（擺好，放好）第三節書面表達（滿分10分）56．ABetterSelfforaBetterFuture三年轉瞬即逝，未來悄然而至，更好的自己遇見更好的未來。請以“ABetterSelfforaBetterFuture”為題，談談將來的生活中，你打算怎樣成為更優秀的自己，與更美好的未來相遇。要求：1.語言流暢、書寫規范、卷面整潔，詞數不少于60個；2.文中不得使用真實姓名、校名，否則以零分計。_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________參考答案：1．D【詳解】句意：——云南陽光燦爛。所以你出去的時候最好帶把傘。——好的。這是個有用的建議。考查冠詞辨析。a不定冠詞，表泛指，用于輔音音素開頭的單詞前；an不定冠詞，表泛指，用于元音音素開頭的單詞前；the定冠詞，表特指。第一空泛指一把雨傘，且umbrella以元音音素開頭，其前應加an。第二空泛指一條有用的建議，且useful以輔音音素開頭，其前應加a。故選D。2．C【詳解】句意：大熊貓丫丫于2023年4月27日從田納西州孟菲斯市抵達上海浦東國際機場。考查介詞辨析。arrivein到達，后接大地點；arriveat到達，后接小地點。上海浦東國際機場是小地點，其前應用at。in后接年、月、季節等；at后接具體時刻；on后接具體某一天。April27th,2023指具體的一天，其前應加on。故選C。3．B【詳解】句意：“五一”假期期間，昆明的街道上，藍花楹在風中擺動，這也許就是昆明被稱為春城的原因。考查名詞辨析。value價值；reason原因；purpose目的；treasure財寶。根據“the…whyKunmingiscalledthecityofspring”可知，此處介紹昆明被稱為春城的原因。故選B。4．C【詳解】句意：眾人拾柴火焰高。除非所有成員共同努力，否則將一事無成。考查連詞辨析。if如果；until直到；unless除非；although盡管。分析句子可知，除非共同努力，否則什么也不會實現，故用unless引導條件狀語從句。故選C。5．D【詳解】句意：旗袍是中國最傳統的服裝之一。許多外國人也非常喜歡它。考查形容詞最高級。oneofthe+形容詞最高級+復數名詞，表示“最……之一”。故選D。6．B【詳解】句意：當我們待在農村時，我們可以親近大自然，呼吸新鮮空氣。考查動詞短語。takeu開始從事；takein吸收；takeaway拿開；takeafter長得像。根據“wecanbeclosetonatureand…freshair.”可知此處指的是呼吸新鮮空氣，應填takein。故選B。7．B【詳解】句意：李老師在畢業典禮上發表了多么精彩的演講！它讓每個同學都振奮，充滿希望。考查感嘆句。此句是感嘆句，中心詞是speech，可數名詞單數，用What引導感嘆句，句型為“Whata/anadj可數名詞單數+主謂”。故選B。8．A【詳解】句意：——你最喜歡哪首中國古詩？——我喜歡王翰的《涼州詞》這首詩。詩中說：“醉臥沙場君莫笑，古來征戰幾人回？”考查疑問詞辨析。howmany多少；why為什么；which哪個；whose誰的。空后是soldiers是可數名詞復數，此處用howmany提問數量，這句話表示“古來征戰幾人回”。故選A。9．C【詳解】句意：——你介意我在這吸煙嗎？——最好不要。如果你那樣做，你會被罰款。考查非謂語動詞。mindone’sdoingsth.“介意某人做某事”，smoking“吸煙”，動名詞。故選C。10．D【詳解】句意：他問我他們是否可以坐高鐵去我的家鄉。考查賓語從句。空格處是賓語從句，應為陳述語序，排除B、C選項。根據“asked”可知，主句是一般過去時，從句也應為過去時，排除A選項。故選D。11．C12．B13．A14．D15．A16．B17．C18．B19．A20．C【導語】本文講述了凱茜喜歡捉螃蟹，一天夜里獨自溜出去打算去海邊捉螃蟹的經歷。11．句意：每年夏天，凱茜都盼望著去安德羅斯島度假。go去，動詞原形；goes去，動詞三單；going去，現在分詞或動名詞形式；gone去，過去分詞。根據“lookedforwardto”可知，此處是短語lookforwardtodoingsth“盼望做某事”，故選C。12．句意：在那里，她會和祖母一起在玉米地里度過，和她的表兄弟們一起采摘海葡萄。so因此；and和；but但是；because因為。根據“spendtimewithhergrandmotherinthecornfields...pickingseagrapeswithhercousins.”可知，兩者之間是并列關系，應用and連接，故選B。13．句意：她真正喜歡的一項活動是“捉螃蟹”。One一；Once一次；First首先；Firstly首先。空處修飾其后的名詞“activity”，指的是“一個活動”，應用one修飾，故選A。14．句意：凱茜太想抓螃蟹了，一天晚上她爺爺奶奶睡著了，她就出去了。sleep睡覺，動詞原形；slept睡覺，過去式；sleepy困的，形容詞；asleep入睡。根據“fell”可知，此處是短語fallasleep“睡著”，故選D。15．句意：天空一片黑暗，海灘看起來與白天大不相同。dark黑暗的；light淺色的；brown棕色的；white白色的。根據“shewentoutonenightwhilehergrandparentsfell...Shetookherflashlightandrushedontothebeach.”可知，她是晚上出去的，天空是黑暗的，故選A。16．句意：真正讓凱茜害怕的是，她在海灘上看不到任何人。true真的；truly真實地；truth事實；truthful講真話的。空處修飾形容詞，應用副詞修飾，故選B。17．句意：她唯一能聽到的聲音是海浪的漲落聲。A一個，不定冠詞，修飾輔音音素開頭的單詞；An一個，不定冠詞，修飾元音音素開頭的單詞；The定冠詞，表示特指；/零冠詞。根據“only”可知，此處指的是“唯一能聽到的”，應用the修飾，故選C。18．句意：凱茜開始意識到晚上獨自溜出去是個壞主意。atnoon在中午；atnight在夜里；inthemorning在早上；intheafternoon在下午。根據“shewentoutonenight”可知，夜晚去海邊不是個好主意，故選B。19．句意：她決定盡快趕回家。fast快的；faster更快的；fastest最快的；thefastest最快的。根據“as...asshecould”可知，此處是“as+原級+as”的結構，故選A。20．句意：就在那時，一只巨大的黑蟹咬住了她的右腳。head頭；nose鼻子；foot腳；throat喉嚨。根據“ahugeblackcrabgotherright”及常識可知，螃蟹在地上爬，咬的是腳，故選C。21．F22．T23．T24．F25．F【導語】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了雪林的重要性及雪林面臨的危險。21．細節理解題。根據文章第一段“…thesewonderfulwoodlandsarenotasfamousasAmazon…”可知，雪林并不如亞馬遜森林有名。故判斷錯誤，故選F。22．細節理解題。根據文章第二段“Wintersinthesewoodlandscanlastuptosixmonths…”可知，雪林地區的冬天能持續很長時間。故判斷正確，故選T。23．細節理解題。根據文章第三段“…helpingtoabsorbcarbon-basedgases”可知，雪林能幫助吸收碳基氣體。故判斷正確，故選T。24．細節理解題。根據文章第三段，雪林面臨的危險有：被砍伐和森林火災，并沒有提到干旱。故判斷錯誤，故選F。25．主旨大意題。結合整篇文章來看，作者主要是講雪林的重要性及雪林面臨的危險，只有最后一段提到要保護雪林。故判斷錯誤，故選F。26．D27．C28．B29．A30．D【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者在45歲時失業了，但作者并沒有因此而變得頹廢，反而借此機會不斷提升自己。26．細節理解題。根據“After22yearsofworkinginabank,Ilosemyjob.”可知作者在45歲時，失去了工作。故選D。27．細節理解題。根據“Fromthebeginning,Ididn’tseethismatterasbadluck,butasawelcomechance.”可知作者把這一變化當成一個機會。故選C。28．細節理解題。根據文章第三段，作者選擇重返學校讀書；根據第四段，作者回顧了過去的生活，摒棄了沒完沒了的、無意義的事，讓生活的重心更清晰。故選B。29．細節理解題。根據“So,thelossofmyjobledtosomepositivechangesinmylife.”可知作者認為，失去工作給她的生活帶來了一些積極的變化。故選A。30．最佳標題題。這篇文章主要講的是作者45歲經歷的一些變化。故選D。31．B32．A33．D34．C35．D【導語】本文主要介紹了中國最高軍事榮譽“八一勛章”的獲得者錢七虎對國防基礎建設作出的杰出貢獻。31．細節理解題。根據“China’stopdefenseengineeringexpertQianQihuwasawardedtheOrderofAugusttheFirstlastyearforwhathehaddonefornationaldefense.”可知錢七虎去年即2022年獲得了“八一勛章”。故選B。32．細節理解題。根據“BorninOctober1937inKunshan,JiangsuProvince,Qianhasspentover60yearsstudyingprotectionengineering,helpingChinatobuildthe‘UndergroundGreatWall’.”可知錢七虎花費了60多年的時間從事防護工程研究。故選A。33．細節理解題。根據“Ifthegroundbuildingsareintrouble,theunderground‘cities’canhidepeopleandstorethebasicthingsneededforlife.”可知地下城市能夠保護人民和生活所需的基本物品。故選D。34．細節理解題。根據“QianhasplayedanimportantroleinmanynationalprojectssuchastheNanjingYangtzeRiverTunnel,theHongKong-Zhuhai-MacaoBridge,andtheSouh-to-NorthWaterTransferProjcct.”可知作者通過列舉事實來支持自己的觀點。故選C。35．推理判斷題。根據“BorninOctober1937inKunshan,JiangsuProvince,Qianhasspentover60yearsstudyingprotectionengineering,helpingChinatobuildthe‘UndergroundGreatWall’.”可知花費60多年從事防護工程研究，他是刻苦工作的，再由“Hegaveawayallthemoneyawardedtohelppoorchildrengeteducation,whichwas8millionyuanintotal.However,Qianhimselflivesasimplelifeallthetime.”可知把獎金捐出去而自己過著樸素的生活，由此可知是個善良的人。故選D。36．D37．A38．B39．A40．D【導語】本文主要介紹了微生物在太空中的應用。36．細節理解題。根據“Inthisexperiment,threespeciesofbacteriaweretestedontheirabilitytopullrareearthelements(REEs)outofrocksinthreetypesofgravity—normalEarthgravity,Marsgravityandmicrogravity.”可知微生物可以幫助從巖石中提取資源。故選D。37．細節理解題。根據“Thismethodofusingmicrobestopullout‘biomining’.”可知生物采礦是基于微生物的使用。故選A。38．推理判斷題。根據“Inthisexperiment,threespeciesofbacteriaweretestedontheirabilitytopullrareearthelements(REEs)outofrocksinthreetypesofgravity—normalEarthgravity,Marsgravityandmicrogravity.”可知在這項實驗中，研究人員測試了三種細菌在三種重力下(正常地球重力、火星重力和微重力)從巖石中提取稀土元素的能力，由此推出實驗的目的是為了弄清楚細菌在不同重力下是如何工作的。故選B。39．細節理解題。根據“MictobeshelpusdolotsofthingshereonEarth.Theycanmakebreadriseandcureinfections,amongmanyotherthings.”可知微生物廣泛應用于科學領域。故選A。40．推理判斷題。本文主要介紹了微生物在太空中的應用，由此推出可能在報紙的科學板塊讀到。故選D。41．E42．G43．C44．A45．D【導語】本文介紹了發生地震時，如何保持安全的建議。41．根據“Doyouknowhowtokeepsafeinanearthquake?”可知，接下來介紹在地震中保持安全的建議，E項“這是給你的一些建議。”符合語境，故選E。42．根據“Whentheearthquakehappens,protectyourselffirst.”可知，地震發生時，首先要保護好自己，因此表示生命很重要，G項“生命是最重要的，因為有生命就有希望。”符合語境，故選G。43．根據“Ifyouareinashopandfarfromthedoor,don’trunoutside.”可知，如果你在商店里，遠離門口，不要跑到外面