Unit1Festivalsaroundtheworld基礎知識自測一?單詞拼寫根據讀音?詞性和詞義寫出下列單詞。1.___________[stɑ：v]vt.&vi.餓死2.___________[?indi?pend?nt]adj.獨立的;自主的3.___________[?gri?k?lt??r?l]adj.農業的,農藝的4.___________[?d?ma??]vt.贊美;欽佩5.___________[dra?n]vt&vi淹沒;溺死6.___________[wa?p]vt.擦;擦去7.___________[?krist??n]n.基督徒8.___________[bi?li：f]n.信任;信心9.___________[wi：p]vi.哭泣;流淚starveindependentagriculturaladmiredrownwipeChristianweepbelief10.___________[f??giv]vt.原諒;饒恕11.___________[ri?lid??s]adj.宗教上的;虔誠的12.___________[?en??d?etik]adj.充滿活力的;精力充沛的13.___________[??bvi?s]adj.顯而易見的14.____________[?seli?brei??n]n.慶祝;慶賀15.____________[??nsist?]n.祖先;祖宗16.____________[?k?st?m]n.習慣;風俗17.____________[ni?sesiti]n.必要性;需要18.____________[pri?dik??n]n.預言;預報;19.____________[??na?ns?]n.廣播員;報幕員announcerforgivereligiousenergeticobviouscelebrationancestorcustomnecessityprediction二?單詞運用根據句子的結構和意義，以及首字母的提示，在空格處填入一個恰當的單詞。1.Whatdoyouhopetog________fromthecourse?2.Missingamealonceinawhileneverdidanyoneanyh________.3.Ona________atthepolicestation,theyweretakentoaninterviewroom.(到達)4.Jackhaspassedhisexamination,sowe’regoingouttoc____________.5.Wholecommunitiess________todeathduringthelongdrought.(餓死)tarved ainarmrrivalelebrate6.Herunhappychildhoodwastheo________ofherproblemslaterinlife.7.Theschooliswidelya__________foritsexcellentteaching.8.Acrowdg__________toseewhathadhappened.9.Inmyvillage,itisthec________foragirltotakehermother’sname10.She’sdreamingshe’llmeetatall,dark,h___________manbychanceinthestreet.andsomerigindmiredatheredustom三?詞語派生用括號中所給詞的適當形式填空。1.Thechildrenwerewearingtraditional________dress.(nation)2.Mexicogainedits______________fromSpaininl821.(depend)3.Alocalpoorpeasant________thesoldiersthroughtheforest.(leader)4.Thereisnodoubtthatthebasicneedsofthepeopleshouldbe________first.(satisfy)5.Thecountry’seconomyismainly___________anddependsoncropslikecoffee.(agriculture)nationalindependenceledsatisfiedagricultural6.MostBritishschoolsorganize________eventsforthestudents.(society)7.Itriedaerobics(有氧運動)butitwastoo________forme.(energy)8.He’sdeeply__________andgoestochurchtwiceaweek.(religion)9.IhatethesmellofpaintwhenI’m____________.(decorate)10.Youwere__________enoughtobelievehim.(fool)social energeticreligiousdecoratingfoolish四?詞組互譯將下列詞組或短語譯成中文或英語。1.________________________發生，舉行2.________________________節日和慶祝活動3.________________________為了紀念4.________________________以……形式5.________________________打扮6.________________________開玩笑，惡作劇7.________________________用……裝飾……8.________________________聚集在一起9._______________________盼望，期待10._______________________日日夜夜takeplacefestivalsandcelebrationsinmemoryofintheshapeofdressupplayatrickondecorate…with…gettogetherlookforwardtodayandnight11._____________________asthough12.______________________havefunwith13.______________________beproudof14.______________________turnup15.______________________keepone’sword16._______________________holdone’sbreath17._______________________getmarriedto18._______________________setoff19._______________________remind…of…20._______________________throwaway扔掉好像玩得開心為……驕傲出現，露面遵守諾言屏息與某人結婚出發，動身提醒某人某事五?詞組運用據句子提供的語境，從第四大題中選一個適當的詞組并用其適用的形式填空。1.Youdon’tneedto_________,justtogotothepub—jeansandaT-shirtwilldo.2.Thepolicemayneverdiscoverwhat___________thatnight,becauseMr.Smith,theonlyeyewitness,diedlastnight.3.Mom,don’tworryaboutme.Iam______________otherboys.4.Luckily,helparrived______________apoliceofficer.5.It’sacceptableto______________yourfriendsonApril1st.playtricksondressup tookplace havingfunwithintheshapeof6.Thegovernmentsetupamonument_____________theheroeswhodiedinthewar.7.I’m__________________hearingfromyou.8.Hebehaved___________hehadn’tknownanythingaboutit.9.Thoseworkersworked_______________tofinishthetask.10._________________andcount1to10.holdyourbreathinmemoryoflookingforwardtoasthoughdayandnight7.Retellthetextbyfillingthefollowingblanks:Thereareallkindsoffestivalsand__________aroundtheworld,whichareheldfordifferentreasons.The________________weremainlyheldatthreetimesayear---theendofthecoldwinter,plantinginspringandharvestinautumn.Somefestivalsareheldto_____thedeadorsatisfyand______the_________incasetheymight____________,whileotherfestivalsareheldtohonorfamouspeopleorthegods,suchas______________________andColumbusDay.celebrationsBoatFestivalDragonharmdoancestorspleasehonorfestivalsancientHarvestandThanksgivingfestivalsarehappyeventsbecausethefoodis_________forthewinterandbecauseaseasonof___________workisover,towhichMidautumnfestivalbelongs.Andthemostenergeticandimportantfestivalsaretheonesthatlookforwardtotheendofwinterandtothe______ofspring,suchasthe______NewYear,atwhichpeoplehaveaverygoodtime.agriculturalgatheredlunarcoming情態動詞(一）modalverbGrammar(32ms)情態動詞有一定的意義，但沒有人稱和數的變化，不能獨立使用，它和后面的動詞構成謂語。只作情態動詞的can/could,may/might,

oughtto，must可情態可實義的need,dare/dared可情態可助動詞的shall/should,will/would相當于情態動詞的haveto,usedtoMust,can/could,may/might的用法must1.Must表示推測時，只能用于肯定句。這個電腦肯定出了問題。Theremustbesomethingwrongwiththecomputer.你努力學了一整天，一定累了吧Youhaveworkedhardallday.Youmustbetired.2.Must+bedoing/do

表示對現在的動作進行肯定推測他現在一定在看小說Hemustbereadingnovelsnow.他們買了一輛新車。他們一定很有錢Theyhaveboughtanewcar.Theymusthavealotofmoney.3.Must+havedone

表示對過去發生的事情作出的肯定判斷他們在玩籃球，他們一定完成了作業。Theyareplayingbasketball,theymusthavefinishedtheirhomework.路是濕的。昨天晚上一定下雨了。Theroadiswet.Itmusthaverainedlastnight.can/could

1.can/could表示推測時，只能用否定句或疑問句中。It’ssolate.CanTombereading?這么晚了，湯姆還在看書嗎？這個人不可能是瑪麗，她生病了。Itcan’tbeMary.Shehasfallenill.她不可能在說謊。Shecouldn’tbetellinglies.2.can/couldhavedone

對過去發生行為的可能性進行推測:剛才我還看見他了，所以他不可能出國的。Isawhimjustnowsohecouldn’thavegoneabroad.門是鎖著的，所以她不可能在家。Thedoorwaslocked.Shecouldn’thavebeenathome.3.can/couldhavedone“本可以，本來可能已經”用于肯定句中，表示對過去發生的事情做出的判斷，你本來可以考的更好。Youcouldhavehadabettermark.may/might1.May/might表示推測時，只能用于陳述句，表示對現在或將來要發生的動作把握不大。她們明天可能會到這里來。Theymaycomeheretomorrow.他們可能還在等我們呢。Theymaybestillwaitingforus.2.might

指過去的行為或者表示可能性更小。他也許在作功課吧。Hemightbedoinghishomeworknow.我問他我是否可以離開。IaskedhimifImightleave.Iaskedhim“MayIleavenow?”3.might/mayhavedone,表示對過去發生的動作進行可能性推測，他可能去醫務室了。Hemayhavegonetotheclinic.他可能已經從報紙上知道這個消息了。Hemighthavereadaboutthenewsinthenewspaper.Will/Wouldyoudo…?表請求表意志，愿望，決心would表過去反復發生得動作或某種傾向“總是,總要”usedto表過去常常（現在已沒有這種習慣）“過去常常”usedto可于狀態動詞連用would不可以eg.Heusedtobeaquietboy.(

)Hewouldbeaquietboy.(

)

√×will/would1.----Willyougoskatingwithmethiswintervacation?----It___.(2002上海)A.alldependedB.alldependsC.isalldependedD.isalldepending解析：答案B。Italldepends是“不確定”“看情況”的意思。高考鏈接B2.Ifailedinthefinalexaminationlasttermandonlythen_____theimportanceofstudies.

(2004重慶)

A.IrealizedB.Ihadrealized

C.hadIrealizedD.didIrealize解析：答案為D.句首為“only+副詞”時，句子要用部分倒裝語序；根據語境應為一般過去時態。D3.----Iwouldnevercometothisrestaurantagain.Thefoodisterrible!

----_______.(2004全國)

A.NoramIB.NeitherwouldI

C.SamewithmeD.SodoI答案B。第一個句子使用了would,用neither表示附和的意義時，助動詞應與上文一致。BWhenyouareverysureofsomething,youusemust

inpositivesentencesandcannotor

can’tinnegativesentences.e.g.YoumustbeJeanne.I’mMathildeLoisel.Weusedtoknoweachotherverywell.Itcan’tbetrue!Idon’tbelieveit.Whenyouarequitesureaboutsomething,youusecan.

e.g.Attendingaball

canbeexciting.Practice1Whenyouthinkthatsomethingispossible,butyouarenotverysure,youusecould,mayormight.e.g.YoucouldborrowsomejewelleryfromyourfriendJeanne,whoismarriedtoarichman.YoumaynotknowthatthenecklaceIreturnedisnottheonethatIhadborrowed.Don’tyouhaveafriendwhomightlendyousomejewellery?Practice2:表示推測——情態動詞的重要用法.1.YoumustbeMrSmith----Iwastoldtoexpectyouhere.2.Hemusthaveknownwhatwewanted.3.Wemayhavereadthesamereport.4.Hecan’thavesleptthroughallthatnoise.5.There’ssomeoneoutside----whocanitbe?6.Whatcantheybedoing?7.Thesepillsmighthelptocureyourdisease.8.Youcouldberight,Isuppose.表示推測——情態動詞的重要用法.肯定的推測可能的推測否定的推測疑問的推測must

對將來

對現在

對過去情態動詞may,mightcan’t,couldn’tcan,could+V.

+V.+havedone常見mustbe+bedoing+V.+V.+havedone+bedoing

可以用not表示“可能不”

+V.+V.+havedone+bedoing+V.+V.+havedone+bedoing

1.Idon'tknowwheresheis,she_______beinWuhan.2.Atthismoment,ourteacher________________ourexampapers.

這時，我們老師想必在批改試卷。

3.Theroadiswet.It________________lastnight.(rain)4.Yourmother______________________foryou.你媽媽一定一直在找你。

maymustbemarkingmusthaverainedmusthavebeenlooking5.Philip________________________seriouslyinthecaraccident.菲利普可能在車禍中受了重傷.6.---Lindahasgonetowork,butherbicycleisstillhere.

---She_____________________(go)bybus.7.Mike________________hiscar,forhecametoworkbybusthismorning.邁克一定還沒有找回他的車，因為早上他是坐公共汽車來上班的。may(might)havebeenhurtmay(might)havegonecan’thavefoundLanguagepointsforReadingILanguagepointsforReadingIILanguageDataBank1.

starve1)starve:tocauseapersonorananimaltosufferseverelyordiefromhunger挨餓，餓死LanguagepointsforReadingIMillionsofpeoplestarvedtodeathduringthewar.Thehomelesschildrenare

starvingfor

love.Whenwillthedinnerbeready?

I’

mstarving.3)感覺很餓（僅用于進行時）2)starve

forsth

渴望獲得某物，缺乏

starvation

n.

dieofstarvation:starvetodeathstarvationwages

不夠維持基本生活的工資2.days/years/…ofplenty

=timewhenverymanynecessities,esp.foodandmoneyareavailable.富裕的日子/年月/生活Youhavealifeofplenty.Whatwouldyoubeworriedabout?3.

honorv.=respectsb.Willyou

honor

mewithavisit?如蒙造訪，十分榮幸。honored

guests貴賓Ifeelhighly

honoredbythekindthingsyousaidaboutme.honor

un.

showhonor

tosb＝showrespecttosb.

honor

cn.

帶來光榮的人/物LiuXiangis

anhonortoourcountry.4.

satisfy

vt.

使滿意Nothing

satisfieshim;heisalwayscomplaining.Thegovernmenttriesitsbestto

satisfy

people’sneeds.satisfaction

n.

滿意,令人滿意的人/物satisfied

(人)滿意的satisfying/satisfactory令人滿意的Theteacherwassatisfied

withhis

satisfying/satisfactory

answer.5.harm:

1)n.damage,injury損壞，傷害

doharmto

…＝harmSmokingdoesharmtoourhealth.

domoreharmthangood弊大于利Ifwetrytosolvetheprobleminthisway,

itwill

domoreharmthangood.vt.

causeharmtoTheevent

harmedhisreputation.

cometoharm

Iwillgowithhertomakesureshecomestonoharm.我要跟她一同去以免她受到傷害。

受到傷害6.

inmemoryof=asawayofrememberingThemonumentwasbuilt

inmemoryof

thelittlehero.Themuseumwasbuiltinmemoryof

thefamousscientist.inpraiseofinhonorofincelebrationofinsearchof歌頌為紀念為慶祝為尋找7.

dressup

vi.穿上盛裝Thereisnoneedto

dressup;comeasyouare.

dress(sb)upinsth/assb

化裝打扮Childrenlove

dressingup.She

dressedherselfup

asamonster.

dress

vi穿衣，打扮Wa?tingforamoment;I’m

dressing.Shedresses

well(onverylittlemoney.)

dress

vt.

dresssb.in…

Ittakestimeto

dress

thebaby.Theoldlady

isneatlydressed

inblack.

8.

playatrickon…

捉弄Thenaughtyboyloves

playingtrickson

others.trick

玩笑,惡作劇,詭計

do/perform

atrick玩把戲9.custom

n.

風俗?習俗Somanycountries,somany

customs.Socialcustomsaredifferentfromcountrytocountry.Itisthecustom(forsb.)todosth.做……是一種習俗/慣例Itisthecustom

fortheJapanese

totakeofftheirshoeswhentheygetintoahall.Itisthecustomfor

anArabtostandclose

tohisfriendwhentalking.

custom

habit“風俗習慣”－社會或團體許多人長期形成的習慣一個人的習慣習性10.

awardn.

1)thingoramountawarded獎金獎品sheshowedustheathleticsawardsshehadwon.2)decisiontogivesth.madebyajudge,etc.裁定決定theawardofascholarship獎學金頒發決定3)moneypaidtoastudentatuniversity,etc.tohelpmeetlivingcosts,grant助學金Maryisnoteligibleforanaward.瑪麗沒有申請獎學金的資格.

award

v.頒發給予

awardsth.(tosb.)awardsb.sth.

裁判員判斷決賽雙方分數相同.Thejudges

awarded

bothfinalistsequalpoints.11.admire

vt.

1)欽佩贊賞羨慕admiresb./sth.(forsth.)admired

ourgarden.Iadmire

himforhissuccessinbusiness.2)expressadmirationof(sb./sth.)表示贊賞夸獎…難道你不想夸夸我的新房子嗎？Aren’tyougoingtoadmiremynewhouse?n.

admirer:personwhoadmiressb./sth.I’mnotagreatadmirer

ofherwork.admiration

12.

lookforwardto(doing)sth.anticipatesth.withpleasureIamlookingforwardtoseeingyouagain.

13.

asthough/if

Itlooksasifitisgoingtora?n.ItreatyouasifIwereyourmother.Helooksasthoughhewereill.Theybehavedasthoughnothinghadhappened.1.

turnup

1)appear

出現

You’realways

turningup

lateforeverything!你總是遲到!(做事慢慢吞吞的)Hehasn’tturnedupsofar.Please

turnup

thefire/tap.他到目前還沒有出現。2)調大聲音，力量