外研社版英語(yǔ)八年級(jí)上冊(cè)課堂講義Module9PopulationUnit1Theworld’spopulationwasabout7.8billionin2020.I’mpreparingareportcalled“Theworld’spopulation”.我正在準(zhǔn)備一份名叫《世界人口》的報(bào)告。prepare既可作vt，也可作vi.名詞形式為preparation常見固定搭配：preparesth.準(zhǔn)備某物Eg.TheybegintoprepareyanggeevenamonthbeforetheChineseNewYear.他們甚至在新年前一個(gè)月就開始準(zhǔn)備秧歌表演。preparetodosth.準(zhǔn)備做某事Eg.Mymotherpreparedtomakedumplingsfordinner.我母親準(zhǔn)備包晚飯要吃的餃子。prepare...for...為...準(zhǔn)備...Eg.Hedidn’tlikehavingtostayuptopreparethingsforthenextday.他不喜歡被迫熬夜準(zhǔn)備第二天的東西。prepareforsth.為某事/物做準(zhǔn)備Eg.Preparefortheworst,hopeforthebest,andbeunsurprisedbyeverythinginbetween.做好最壞的打算，期望最好的結(jié)果，不要對(duì)介于兩者之間的一切感到驚訝。【例題】-WhatisTomdoing?-HeistheEnglishspeechinthehall.payingforB.preparingforC.caringforD.lookingforreport①n.報(bào)告；匯報(bào)make/giveareport作報(bào)告Eg.Iamgoingtomakeareporttomycompany.我將向公司作報(bào)告。②n.報(bào)道；成績(jī)報(bào)告單aweatherreport天氣預(yù)報(bào)aschoolreport學(xué)校成績(jī)報(bào)告單Eg.Theweatherreportsaysitwillberainyfortwomoredays,andthenthesunwillcomeoutonTuesday.天氣預(yù)報(bào)說還要下兩天的雨，周二將會(huì)出太陽(yáng)。③v.報(bào)告；報(bào)道reportern.記者，通訊員Itisreportedthat...據(jù)報(bào)道...Eg.Wewanttoreportthenewsassoonaspossible.我們想要盡快報(bào)道這則新聞。It’sreportedthatmanypeopledieoftrafficaccidentseachyear.據(jù)報(bào)道，每年有很多人死于交通事故。MyauntisareporterfromTheNewYorkTimes.我姑姑是《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》的一名記者。Ican’tbelieveit!That’sahugenumber.我簡(jiǎn)直無(wú)法相信！那是一個(gè)巨大的數(shù)字。believev.相信Idon’t/can’tbelieveit!=It’shardtobelieve！我簡(jiǎn)直難以置信！Attention:believe后接表示否定意義的賓語(yǔ)從句，且主句的主語(yǔ)是第一人稱，須將否定前提，即漢語(yǔ)意思是否定從句，英語(yǔ)應(yīng)否定主句。Eg.Idon’tbelievethathecancome.我認(rèn)為他不會(huì)來。辨析：believesb.&believeinsb.believesb.表示“相信”某人的話，信以為真believeinsb.表示“相信，信任”某人的品行或能力Eg.Ibelievehim.=Ibelievewhathesays.我相信他（說的話）。Ibelieveinhim.=Itrusthim.我信任他。【例題】-Doyouknowtwohundredandfiftybabiesareborneveryminuteintheworld?-!Itbringsanincreasingpopulation.Ican’tbelieveitB.That’sveryfunnyC.HangonaminuteD.That’sagoodidea.hugeadj.巨大的辨析：huge&big&large&great詞匯用法huge強(qiáng)調(diào)尺寸和體積的龐大，容量和數(shù)量的巨大big是最廣泛、最通俗常用的，強(qiáng)調(diào)比正常的程度、范圍及規(guī)模的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)大，常用于修飾人、物或者數(shù)量。反義詞是little和smalllarge強(qiáng)調(diào)遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的大，可指數(shù)量、容量、體積和面積的大。反義詞是smallgreat通常指抽象的事物，可以表示數(shù)量、距離和程度的大。修飾人時(shí)，意為“偉大的。”Eg.Thereisahugestoneinthepark.公園里有一塊巨大的石頭。Thishouseisn’tbigenoughforus.這座房子對(duì)我們來說不夠大。Therearethreesizes—small,mediumandlarge.有三種尺寸——小號(hào)、中號(hào)和大號(hào)。Thelossofhiswifewasagreatblowtohim.他妻子去世對(duì)他來說是個(gè)巨大的打擊。ThelargestincreaseinpopulationwilltakeplaceinIndia,NigeriaandPakistan.人口增長(zhǎng)最快將發(fā)生在印度、尼日利亞和巴基斯坦。increase①n.增大，增長(zhǎng)havea(n)..increasein...在...方面增長(zhǎng)...Eg.Somescientistsarepayingattentiontothehousingpriceincrease.一些科學(xué)家正在關(guān)注房?jī)r(jià)的增長(zhǎng)。Manycitieshaveaquickincreaseinthepopulationagedover65.許多城市65歲以上的人口急劇增加。②v.增加，增大，增長(zhǎng)increaseby+倍數(shù)/百分?jǐn)?shù)增加了...Eg.Theirsalaryhasincreasedby20%.他們的薪水增長(zhǎng)了20%。increaseto+具體增長(zhǎng)后的數(shù)增加到...Eg.Thenumberofthemembersinhisclubwillincreaseto300.他的俱樂部成員數(shù)量將增長(zhǎng)到300。【例題】Ifeveryfamilyhasmorethanonechild,thepopulationwillrapidly.increaseB.receiveC.prepareD.raiseHangonaminute!稍等一會(huì)兒！hangon的用法hangon常用于口語(yǔ)中，意為“稍等”，其后常跟aminute,asecond,amoment和awhile等，表示等待的時(shí)間很短暫。也常用于電話用語(yǔ)中，表示“別掛斷；請(qǐng)等一下；稍等”，其同意短語(yǔ)為holdon.Eg.Hangon!I’llbebackinaminute.稍等！我馬上就回來。Pleasehangon/holdonasecond.I’lllookforthemanager.請(qǐng)稍等片刻。我去找經(jīng)理。【例題】-Hello,mayIspeaktoMary,please?-.Sheiscomingsoon.Noidea.B.Soundsgreat.C.That’stoobad.D.HangonaminuteWhenpopulationsincreasetoofast，itcancauseproblems,suchastoomuchtrafficandnoise.當(dāng)人口增長(zhǎng)的太快時(shí)，會(huì)導(dǎo)致一些問題，比如交通擁擠和太多的噪音。cause的用法cause①v.造成；引起；導(dǎo)致=leadtocausesth造成某結(jié)果causesb.sth.=causesth.tosb.給某人造成某事Eg.Thiswillcause(yourparents)muchtrouble.這將（給你的父母）造成很大麻煩。causesb./sth.todosth.引起某人/某物做某事Eg.Theheavyraincausedriverstorise.大雨引起河水上漲。②n.原因；起因；理由（近義詞為reason）Eg.Smokingisoneofthecausesofheartdisease.吸煙是心臟病的誘因之一。Thestonecausedtheaccidentanditwastheonlycause.這塊石頭引起了事故，并且它是唯一的原因。problem的用法problemcn.麻煩的事；問題haveproblems(in)doingsth.做某事有困難havenoproblem(in)doingsth.做某事沒有困難Eg.Canyouworkoutthismathsproblem？你能做出這道數(shù)學(xué)題嗎？Someparentshaveproblemsincommunicatingwiththeirchildren.一些父母和他們的孩子交流有困難。Ihavenoprobleminfinishingmyhomework。我完成家庭作業(yè)沒有問題。辨析：problem&question&troubleproblem指客觀存在或遇到的疑難問題，也可指通過思考或運(yùn)算而得出正確答案的問題，通常對(duì)數(shù)學(xué)物理化學(xué)等學(xué)科上的習(xí)題，常與cause,solve,workon,workout等詞連用。question通常指主觀需要得到解答或解釋的問題或疑問，常與ask,answer等詞連用。trouble指遇到的“麻煩，問題”，常指有點(diǎn)棘手的問題。Eg.Thestudentsareworkingonaphysicsproblem.學(xué)生們正在解一道物理難題。 MayIaskyouaquestionandcanyouanswerit?我可以問你一個(gè)問題，你能回答它嗎？Theyoungmanhasgotsometroublewhileheiswalkingacrossthefields.那個(gè)年輕人橫穿田地時(shí)有一些麻煩。toomuch的用法復(fù)習(xí)：toomuch&muchtoo&toomany詞匯含義與用法例句toomuch太多后接不可數(shù)名詞Hedoesn’thavetoomuchmoney.他沒有太多錢。muchtoo太后接形容詞或副詞It’smuchtoocold.天太冷了。Toomany太多后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)Therearetoomanypeopleinthepark.公園里人太多了。noise的用法noisen.噪聲；雜音，形容詞為noisy,意為“吵鬧的”，副詞形式為noisily,意為“喧鬧地；吵鬧地；嘈雜地”makeanoise制造噪音makemuch/alotofnoise制造許多的噪音Eg.Don’tmakeanynoise.Thebabyissleeping.不要制造任何噪聲。嬰兒正在睡覺。Atweekendsthebeachiscrowdedwithnoisyvisitors.在周末海灘上滿是喧嘩的游客。Thechildrenwereplayingnoisyupstairs.孩子們?cè)跇巧铣臭[地玩耍。辨析：noise&sound&voice詞匯含義及用法例句noise指不悅耳的“噪聲；雜音，吵鬧聲”等Thereistoomuchnoiseinthatrestaurant.那家餐館有太多噪聲。sound泛指自然界中的一切聲音Lighttravelsmuchfasterthansound.光的傳播速度比聲音快得多。voice指人說話或唱歌發(fā)出的“嗓音”，有時(shí)也指鳥鳴聲。Thelittlegirlhasabeautifulvoice.這個(gè)小女孩有一副好嗓音。【例題】Oh,mygod!Thekidsaremakingalotofhere.Ican’tdoanything.songsB.soundC.voiceD.noiseHowaboutcountrieswithlowgrowingpopulations?人口增長(zhǎng)緩慢的國(guó)家呢？growv.增長(zhǎng)；增大，通常指數(shù)量、尺寸、力度等增長(zhǎng)或增大。名詞形式為growth,意為“增加，增長(zhǎng)”Eg.Myhometownisgrowinglarger.我的家鄉(xiāng)越來越大。Great，thanksfortheinformation.太好了，多謝這些信息。thanksfor因...而感謝（強(qiáng)調(diào)感謝的原因），介詞for后跟名詞、代詞、動(dòng)名詞Eg.Thanksforgivingmesomuchhelp.感謝你給我這么多的幫助。thanksto多虧了，幸虧，歸功于。相當(dāng)于becauseof,withthehelpof,withone’shelp，常位于句首或句末，帶有感情色彩，多指好的結(jié)果。Eg.Thankstoyourhelp,Ifinishmyworkontime.多虧了你的幫助，我按時(shí)完成了工作。Thankstothedoctor，theboywassaved.多虧了那位醫(yī)生，那個(gè)男孩得救了。【例題】ourteachers,we’vemadegreatprogressinthepastfouryears.ThanksforB.ThankfultoC.ThankstoUnit2Arnwickwasacitywithapopulationof10,000,000.WhenJo’sgrandparentsfirstcametoParkville,itwasaquietvillage.當(dāng)喬的祖父母最開始來到帕克維爾時(shí)，它是一個(gè)寧?kù)o的鄉(xiāng)村。quiet的用法quietadj.安靜的，寂靜的比較級(jí)為quieter,最高級(jí)為quietest其副詞形式為quietly,意為“安靜地，悄悄地”。keep/bequiet保持安靜Eg.Theyliveinaveryquietplace.他們住在一個(gè)非常安靜的地方。Thefathercouldn’tsayanything,andhejuststoodtherequietly.這位父親一句話也說不出來，只是靜靜地站在那里。Attention:quiet的形近詞為quite,作副詞，意為“相當(dāng)，非常”Eg.Tinalookedquitequietwhensheheardtheexcitingnews.當(dāng)?shù)倌嚷牭侥莻€(gè)令人激動(dòng)的消息時(shí)，她看上去相當(dāng)安靜。SoonParkvillebecamepartofArnwick,andthepopulationofArnwickbecameevenlarger.很快，帕克維爾就成為阿恩威克的一部分，并且阿恩威克的人口變得甚至更多。even的用法①adv.修飾比較級(jí)，用來表示程度，意為“還；甚至更”Eg.Thisbookisevenmoreusefulthanthatone.這本書比那一本甚至更有用。類似的可以修飾形容詞/副詞比較級(jí)的詞（組）還有：much,alot,alittle,abit等Eg.Afterpracticingforseveralmonths,Icanswimmuchfasternow.幾個(gè)月的練習(xí)之后，我現(xiàn)在游泳游得更快了。Heisalittleheavierthanhisbrother.他比他弟弟重一點(diǎn)。②adv.修飾動(dòng)詞，起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用，意為“甚至于；實(shí)際上”Eg.Ievenforgotmygrandfather’sbirthday.我甚至連我爺爺?shù)纳斩纪恕！纠}】-Marygotalateanddidn'tcatchthebus,even,sheforgottobringherhomework!-Poorgirl!AbetterBfarthestC.worstDworse ThesmalllocalschoolinParkvillecloseddownfiveyearsago,andgettingtothenearestschoolinArnwicktakesheranhourbybus.帕克維爾當(dāng)?shù)氐男⌒蛯W(xué)校五年前就關(guān)閉了，坐公交車去阿恩威克最近的一所學(xué)校上學(xué)花費(fèi)她一個(gè)小時(shí)的時(shí)間。(1)localadj.本地的，當(dāng)?shù)氐模ǜ痹~形式為locally）Eg.Somelocalpeoplemakealivingbyfishing.n.本地人，當(dāng)?shù)厝耍ǔＳ闷鋸?fù)數(shù)形式locals）Eg.Weaskedoneofthelocalstoshowustheway.我們請(qǐng)一位當(dāng)?shù)厝私o我們指路。locationn.位置Eg.Canyoutellmetheexactlocationofyourcar?你能告訴我你的汽車的確切位置嗎？(2)closedown（永久）關(guān)閉，關(guān)停；（電臺(tái)、電視臺(tái)）停止播音Eg.ThecompanycloseddownitsLondonofficelastmonth.上個(gè)月這家公司關(guān)閉了它在倫敦的辦事處。Theradiostationisnowclosingdownandwewishyouallgoodnight.電臺(tái)現(xiàn)在播音就要結(jié)束了，祝大家晚安。【例題】-ImissthedeliciousfoodintheSunRestaurant,butIcan’tfinditnow.-Itseveralmonthsago.Whatapity!felldownB.closeddownC.hurriedupD.gotupThetrafficisalwaysbad,nottomentiontheairpollution.交通總是很擁堵，更不用提空氣污染了。(1)mentionvt.提及，談到常用搭配：mentionsb./sth.提及某人/某物mentiondoingsth.提到做某事mentionthat+句子提及...、說起...mentionsth.tosb.向某人提及某事Don’tmentionit.不客氣，不用謝。（=That’sallright./You’rewelcome./Notatall.）【例題】-ThanksalotfortakingcareofmyboywhenIwasaway.-.Wehadgreatfuntogether.Allthebest.B.Goodidea.C.That’sright.D.Don’tmentionit.(2)pollutionun.污染air/water/noisepollution空氣/水/噪聲污染Eg.It’sourdutytostopthepollution.阻止污染是我們的責(zé)任。pollutev.污染Eg.It’sreportedthatthefactoryhaspollutedthewaterunderground.據(jù)報(bào)道，這家工廠污染了地下水。pollutedadj.受污染的，被污染的Eg.Itisoneofthemostpollutedriversinmyhometown.在我的家鄉(xiāng)，那條河是受污染最嚴(yán)重的河流之一。【例題】-Theairisveryfreshinourcity.Thereislessthanbefore.-Yes.Thegovernmenthastakenactiontoprotecttheenvironment.woodB.pollutionC.noiseD.waterLuckily,thegovernmentismakingagreatefforttosolveArnwick’sproblemswithbetterpublicservices.幸運(yùn)的是，政府正在通過更好的公共服務(wù)來解決阿恩維克的問題。solvev.解決問題solvetheproblem解決問題solutionn.解答；解決辦法publicadj.公開的；公眾的Eg.Wecanreadbooksinthepubliclibrary.我們可以在公眾圖書館讀書。n.民眾，平民（常與the連用）inpublic意為“當(dāng)眾；公開地”Eg.Thepublicisinterestedinthenews.公眾對(duì)于這個(gè)新聞感興趣。Hemadeaspeechinpublic.他在公共場(chǎng)合做了與一次演講。servicen.公共服務(wù)；服務(wù)（作“公共服務(wù)”講時(shí)，為可數(shù)名詞；作“服務(wù)”講時(shí)，是不可數(shù)名詞）atone’sservice隨時(shí)為某人效勞Eg.Publicservicesaregettingmoreandmoreimportantforpeople.對(duì)人們來說，公共服務(wù)變得越來越重要。Theserviceisperfectintherestaurant,althoughthefoodisnotgood.這個(gè)飯店里的服務(wù)很棒，盡管食物不太好。servev.給...提供服務(wù)Eg.Theyoungmanisservingtheguestsdishes.Theguestsaresatisfiedwithhisservice.這個(gè)年輕人正在給客人們上菜。客人們對(duì)他的服務(wù)很滿意。Thegovernmentisreducingairpollutionfromtraffic.政府正在減少車輛帶來的空氣污染。reducev.減少；降低；縮小（指重量、程度、數(shù)目、范圍、速度等減少或降低）反義詞為increaseEg.Toreduceweight,plastichastakentheplaceofironandsteelinmakingboats.造船時(shí)代為了減少重量，鋼和鐵已經(jīng)被塑料所取代。reduceby...降低了.../減少了...reducefrom...to...從...減少到...Eg.Thecostshavebeenreducedtotwomilliondollars,itmeansthatthecostshavebeenreducedbytwentypercent.成本已經(jīng)降低到了200萬(wàn)美元，這意味著成本已經(jīng)降低了20%。Withpopulationrising,citiesshouldtrytocreateamoreenjoyable,comfortableandconvenientlivingenvironment.隨著人口的增長(zhǎng)，城市應(yīng)該盡力營(yíng)造一個(gè)更加令人愉悅的、舒適的和方便的生活環(huán)境。environmentn.環(huán)境；周圍狀況theenvironment生態(tài)環(huán)境；自然環(huán)境Eg.Peoplecan’tliveinanenvironmentwithoutair.人們不能在沒有空氣的環(huán)境里生存。Studentsmusthaveapleasantlearningenvironment.學(xué)生們必須有一個(gè)愉快的學(xué)習(xí)環(huán)境。environmentaladj.自然環(huán)境的；有關(guān)環(huán)境的【例題】Theidiom(成語(yǔ))“Mengzi’smothermakesthreemoves”tellsofamotherwhodidallshecouldtoprovidethebestforherchild.experienceB.instructionC.environmentD.informationUnit3LanguageinuseMinaisaneighteen-year-oldgirl.明娜是一個(gè)十八歲的女孩。Eighteen-year-old是由“基數(shù)詞+單數(shù)名詞+形容詞”構(gòu)成的復(fù)合形容詞（形容詞通常為long,wide,high,tall,old,deep等），該類復(fù)合形容詞通常用在名詞前作定語(yǔ)。Eg.Heisan8-month-oldbaby.他是一個(gè)八個(gè)月大的嬰兒。Thatisa500-metre-longbridge.那是一座500米長(zhǎng)的橋。“基數(shù)詞+單數(shù)名詞”也可構(gòu)成符合形容詞，通常也用作名詞的定語(yǔ)。Eg.Aten-milewalk步行十英里的路程；afive-yearplan一個(gè)五年的計(jì)劃Athree-weekholiday=threeweeks’holiday.三個(gè)星期的假期Attention:“基數(shù)詞+單數(shù)名詞”構(gòu)成的復(fù)合形容詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，如果數(shù)詞為8,11,18,80等，前面的不定冠詞要用an,因?yàn)檫@些數(shù)詞的發(fā)音以元音音素開頭。【例題】TheLianyungang-XuzhouHighspeedRailwaywasopentothepublicthisyear.180kilometerlongB.180kilometerslongC.180-kilometer-longD.180-kilometers-long...weareworkingtomakethemevenbetter.我們正在設(shè)法使它們更好。evenadv.還；更加，此處用于修飾比較級(jí)，表示強(qiáng)調(diào)。Eg.Idoitevenbetter.我做得比以前更好了。Itwascoldyesterday,butit’sevencoldertoday.昨天冷，今天更冷。修飾比較級(jí)的詞（組）還有：much,alittle,abit,far,alot等Eg.It’smuchhottertoday.今天熱多了。It’salittlecoldertoday.今天稍冷一點(diǎn)兒。Thereissomuchtrafficontheroadsthatinsomecitiestheairisheavilypolluted.道路上有太多的車輛以至于在一些城市空氣被嚴(yán)重污染。so...that...如此...以至于...so+adj.+a/an+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+that從句Eg.Thisissointerestingabookthatweallenjoyreadingit.這本書非常有趣，我們都喜歡看。so+adj./adv.+that從句Eg.Heransofastthatwecouldn’tcatchupwithhim.他跑得太快，我們都追不上他。so+many/much/few/little+n.+that從句Eg.Therewassomuchsnowontheroadthatthecarscouldn’tmovefast.路上雪太多，汽車跑不快。sothat以便；目的是引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句，也可引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句，意為“以至于”Eg.Hegotupveryearlysothathecouldcatchthetrain.他起得很早以便能趕上火車。Heraisedhisvoice,sothateveryoneheardhim.他提高了聲音，結(jié)果大家都聽見了。（結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句）【例題】-ThebigstoneisheavyIcan’tcarryitalone.-Don’tworry.Iwillhelpyou.such;thatB.so;thatC.too;toAsaresult,gettinggood,cleanwaterisbecomingaprobleminmanyplaces.結(jié)果，在許多地方得到優(yōu)質(zhì)的、清潔的水成為一個(gè)問題。asaresult(1)結(jié)果是；因此其后通常用逗號(hào)與后面的成為隔開。 Eg.Hemadeabigmistake,andasaresult,helosthisjob.他犯了一個(gè)大錯(cuò)誤，結(jié)果丟了工作。(2)因?yàn)椋挥捎谙喈?dāng)于becauseof,其后接n.pron.或動(dòng)名詞形式。Eg.Hewaslateasaresultoftheheavysnow.由于大雪，他遲到了。Morethan3.4millionpeopledieeachyearfromdrinkingandwashingwithpollutedwater.每年因飲用和使用被污染了的水洗漱而死亡的人數(shù)超過340萬(wàn)。dievi.死（瞬間動(dòng)詞，不能與表示一段時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用）現(xiàn)在分詞形式為dying,表示“即將死去，奄奄一息”形容詞形式為dead.“死的”，可以與表示一段時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用名詞形式為death，意為“死亡”Eg.Hisdoghasbeendeadfortwoweeks.他的狗已經(jīng)死了兩周了。Hismother’sdeathwasagreatblowtohim.他母親的去世對(duì)他是一個(gè)巨大的打擊。辨析：diefrom&dieof&dieout&diefordiefrom意為“由于...而死”，常用于由災(zāi)禍、負(fù)傷、衰弱等外因引起的死亡。Eg.Theoldmandiedfromacaraccidentlastyear.這個(gè)老人去年死于一場(chǎng)車禍。dieof意為“因（患）...而死”，后常接年老、疾病、情感等內(nèi)因引起的死亡。Eg.Hisgrandfatherdiedoflivercancerin1992.他的祖父1992年死于肝癌。dieout意為“（家族、物種等）滅絕；絕跡”Eg.Dinosaursdiedoutmillionsofyearsago.恐龍?jiān)跀?shù)百萬(wàn)年前滅絕了。diefor意為“為...而死”Eg.Hediedforthepeople.HisdeathisasheavyasMountTai.他為人民而死，他的死重于泰山。【例題】-DoyouknowthatMr.Zhangpassedlastweek?-Yes,hediedillness.We’reverysorrytohearthat.on;fromB.away;ofC.by;withD.off;for模塊話題寫作：Module9Population本模塊的話題為“人口”，涉及世界人口現(xiàn)狀、環(huán)境污染和城市發(fā)展等。在具體寫作中，要注意以下幾點(diǎn)：能用billion,million,thousand等詞語(yǔ)表達(dá)人口的數(shù)量。能用therebe,itisclearthat...等句型表達(dá)人口增長(zhǎng)及其帶來的問題。能用weshould/hadbetter...等句式表達(dá)自己的看法并提出建議。【單詞】population,pollution,grow,huge,large,cause,increase,birth,million,rubbish,quiet,local,pupil,solve,save,noise,safety,change,protect【短語(yǔ)】preparefor,publicservices,health/environmentalproblems,trafficjams,populationincrease,attheendof,morethan,closeto,asaresult,moreandmore,not...anymore,closedown【佳句薈萃】1.It’salarge/smallcitywithapopulationof...2.Thatcausesalotofproblems,suchas...3.The...isthebiggestproblemintheworld.4.Itneedsfreshair,betterserviceand…5.Ittakes...sometimeto6.It’sclearthat...7.Thereisalotofpollution...8.Butinthefuture,China’spopulationwon’tgrowsofast,because...9.Shehopesthatonedayshewillhaveachanceto…10.Solet’sdoeverythingwecantostopthepollutionandsave…①Beijingisahugecitywithalargepopulation.北京是個(gè)有大量人口的巨大城市。②Populationincreaseisabigprobleminmanycountries.在許多國(guó)家，人口增長(zhǎng)是個(gè)大問題。③ThepopulationofChinaisaboutonefifthoftheworld’spopulation.中國(guó)的人口大約是世界人口的1/5。④Butinthefuture,China’spopulationwon’tgrowsofast.但將來，中國(guó)的人口將不會(huì)增長(zhǎng)得這么快。⑤Toomuchtrafficbringsairpollution.太多的車輛造成空氣污染。⑥Thereistoomuchrubbishinthestreets.街上有太多的垃圾。⑦Itisdifficulttogetcleanwater.得到干凈的水是困難的。⑧Withmoreandmorepeopleintheworld,moreandmorewaterisused.隨著世界上的人越來越多，水用得越來越多。【寫作案例】隨著地球上人口的不斷增長(zhǎng)，環(huán)境污染問題也變得越來越嚴(yán)重。假如你是某國(guó)際學(xué)校的學(xué)生會(huì)主席李峰，請(qǐng)你寫一封英文倡議書，號(hào)召全校同學(xué)為保護(hù)環(huán)境做出自己的貢獻(xiàn)。內(nèi)容包括：1．水污染和大氣污染越來越嚴(yán)重；2．提出保護(hù)環(huán)境的建議(至少三條)；3．號(hào)召大家一起行動(dòng)。作文要求：1．不得照抄原文；不能在作文中出現(xiàn)學(xué)校的真實(shí)名稱和學(xué)生的真實(shí)姓名。2．語(yǔ)句連貫，注意分段，80詞左右。倡議書的開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。【寫作思路】第一步：審題。人稱:第一人稱時(shí)態(tài)：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)第二步：列提綱。第三步：列出主要的單詞和短語(yǔ)。1．嚴(yán)重的2.到處；處處3.環(huán)境污染4.砍倒5.保護(hù)我們的環(huán)境6.扔垃圾7.關(guān)燈8.減少污染9.種樹10.阻止……做……【范文】Dearschoolmates，Theairandwaterpollutionismoreandmoreserioustoday.Peoplecutdownalotoftrees.Plasticbagsareeverywhere.Inordertoliveabetterlife，weshouldprotectourenvironment.First，weshouldn'tthrowrubbisheverywhere.Second，weshouldturnofflightswhenweleavetheroom.Third，wemustplantmoretreesandstoppeoplefromcuttingthemdown.Fourth，weshouldusefewerplasticbags.Let'strytogethernow!LiFeng【話題呈現(xiàn)】本模塊以“人口”為主題，介紹人口增長(zhǎng)的情況及人口增長(zhǎng)所帶來的問題，包括人口過剩、噪聲污染、水資源短缺等，以及由此產(chǎn)生的后果，從而增強(qiáng)學(xué)生控制人口數(shù)量、保護(hù)環(huán)境的意識(shí)。【寫作任務(wù)】隨著社會(huì)的發(fā)展，我們的國(guó)家變得越來越強(qiáng)大。但是，眾多的人口給社會(huì)帶來了一系列的問題。請(qǐng)根據(jù)下表提示，以“ThePopulationProblem”為題寫一篇80詞左右的短文。EnergyandwaterbeshortofTrafficheavierPublicplacesmuchtoocrowdedPlacestolivefewerJobsdifficulttofind【升格點(diǎn)撥】1.通過But...引出話題。（thelargepopulationhasbeenabigproblem...）2.陳述眾多的人口給社會(huì)帶來了一系列的問題。（heavytraffic,shortofenergyandwater,muchtoocrowded,fewerplacestolivein,difficulttofindjobs）3.強(qiáng)調(diào)國(guó)家雖發(fā)展迅速，人民生活條件改善很大，但還需努力，與開頭呼應(yīng)。（havealongwaytogo）【翻譯句子】隨著社會(huì)的發(fā)展，中國(guó)的實(shí)力也越來越強(qiáng)大。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________但人口龐大對(duì)你們國(guó)家來說一直是一個(gè)大問題。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________由于人口眾多，我們?nèi)狈δ茉春退_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________大多數(shù)大城市的交通流量都要重得多。公共場(chǎng)所太擁擠了。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________人們居住的地方更少了，而且很多人很難找到工作。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________雖然中國(guó)正在發(fā)展迅速，人民的生活條件正在大幅改善，但我們還有很長(zhǎng)的路要走。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【范文展示】ThePopulationProblemWiththedevelopmentofsociety,Chinaisbecomingstrongerandstronger.Butthelargepopulationhasbeenabigproblemforourcountry.Becauseofthelargepopulation,weareshortofenergyandwater.Thetrafficismuchheavierinmostbigcities.Publicplacesaremuchtoocrowded.Peoplehavefewerplacestoliveinandit’sdifficultformanyofthemtofindjobs.AlthoughChinaisdevelopingquicklyandpeople’slivingconditionsareimprovinggreatly,westillhavealongwaytogo.【課堂練習(xí)2】在我們國(guó)家，人口是一個(gè)大問題。請(qǐng)你根據(jù)下面的提示，寫一篇80詞左右的英語(yǔ)短文，談?wù)勀銓?duì)人口問題的認(rèn)識(shí)。提示：1.中國(guó)是世界上人口最多的國(guó)家;2.大量的人口使家庭居住面積大量減少;3.人口問題導(dǎo)致能源和水短缺、城市擁擠、交通壓力大;4.談?wù)勀阕约旱母邢搿！緦忣}】1.時(shí)態(tài)：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)2.人稱：第一人稱和第三人稱3.注意事項(xiàng)：先提出問題，然后提出解決問題的辦法【翻譯句子】中國(guó)是世界上人口最多的國(guó)家。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________由于人口眾多，每個(gè)家庭的居住空間都更少了。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________而且很多人都很難找到工作。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________人口眾多也給整個(gè)國(guó)家?guī)砹嗽S多其他的困難。例如，我們?nèi)狈δ芰亢退_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________大多數(shù)城市都比以前更擁擠了，交通也更擁擠了。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________人口龐大已成為一個(gè)嚴(yán)重的問題。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________中國(guó)的人口問題非常嚴(yán)重，所以我認(rèn)為政府應(yīng)該找到更多的解決辦法。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________我相信我們是能成功的。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【范文呈現(xiàn)】Chinahasthelargestpopulationintheworld.Becauseofthelargepopulation,thereislesslivingspaceforeachfamily.Andit’sdifficultforlotsofpeopletofindjobs.Thelargepopulationalsocausesmanyotherdifficultiesforthewholenation.Forexample,weareshortofenergyandwater.Mostcitiesaremorecrowdedthanbefore,andthetrafficismuchheavier.Thelargepopulationhasbecomeaseriousproblem.ThepopulationprobleminChinaisreallyserious,soIthinkthegovernmentshouldfindmorewaystosolveit.Ibelievewecanmakeit.【課堂練習(xí)3】結(jié)合本模塊所學(xué)知識(shí),從自己的切身感受出發(fā),以“ProblemsCausedbytheIncreasingPopulation”為題,寫一篇有關(guān)人口增長(zhǎng)引發(fā)的問題的短文。要求:80個(gè)詞左右。短文開頭已給出,不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。Nowadays,thepopulationoftheworldisbecominglargerandlarger.Withtheincreaseofthepopulationoftheworld,【翻譯句子】如今，世界上的人口規(guī)模也越來越大。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________隨著世界人口的增加，問題也越來越多。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________首先，每個(gè)人都可以吃的食物越來越少。所以在貧困地區(qū)的一些人甚至?xí)烙陴囸I。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二，城市變得越來越大，越來越多的人有自己的車。這導(dǎo)致了更多的空氣污染和噪音污染。_______________________________________________________________________