段落較短段意段落越長越直5正確答一選不行就再再選未遂就放不要段落較短段意段落越長越直5正確答一選不行就再再選未遂就放不要糾纏第一回頭排除也可四種造成閱讀心理負擔的長難句及攻克方However,atexactlythesametimeasthisnewrealizationthefinitecharacterofhealth-careresourceswassinkinganawarenessofacontrarykindwasdevelopinginsocieties:thatpeoplehaveabasicrighttohealth-carenecessaryconditionofaproperhuman長狀語一般是由這些詞引導而出含有長狀語的句第一Inspite第二被插入語／括號／雙破折號／雙逗號隔開的句CountriesallacrosstheInspite第二被插入語／括號／雙破折號／雙逗號隔開的句Countriesallacrosstheworldareactivelypromotingtheirregions–suchasmountains,Arcticlands,deserts,smallislandswetlands–tohigh–spending第三種由多個短句共同構成的句Thesecondsetofmorespecificchangesthathaveledtohealth-resourcesstemsfromthedramaticriseinhealthcostsinOECDcountries,accompaniedbylarge-scaleandsocialchangeswhichhavemeant,takeonethefactexpensive)consumersofhealth-care劍橋p18第二Thesemisconceptionsdonotremainisolatedbutbecomeexpensive)consumersofhealth-care劍橋p18第二Thesemisconceptionsdonotremainisolatedbutbecomeintoamultifaceted,butorganized,conceptualframework,andthecomponentideas,someofwhichareerroneous,butto注意這些 the解決長難句的最好方法1.精翻每個長難2.學會查字查字典的時候應該刻意去詞注意事動*及物還是不及第四：含有代詞指代成分的句3.每天給自己一個小查做過的題3.每天給自己一個小查做過的題目中的盡量將單放入文本邊查詞邊4.定期回顧復習動詞的不規則固定動詞搭記一個同義詞一個反義名可數還是不可可數變化是否規形容感情色比較級和最高配套練習Youshouldspendabout20minuteson配套練習Youshouldspendabout20minutesonQuestions28-40whicharebasedonReadingPassage3onthefollowingpages.Questions28-ReadingPassage3hasfivesectionsA-ChoosethecorrectheadingforsectionsAandC-Efromthelistofheadingsbelow.Writethecorrectnumberi-viiiinboxes28-31onyouranswersheet.SectionSectionSectionSection Section Listof Theconnectionbetweenhealth-careandotherhumanrightsThedevelopmentofmarket-basedhealthTheroleofthestateinhealth- AproblemsharedbyeveryeconomicallydevelopedcountryTheimpactofrecentTheviewsofthemedicalTheendofanSustainableeconomicSectionTheproblemofSectionTheproblemofhowhealth-careresourcesshouldbeallocatedorapportioned,sotheyaredistributedinboththemostjustandmostefficientway,isnotanewone.Everyhealthsysteminaneconomicallydevelopedsocietyisfacedwiththeneedtodecide(eitherformallyorinformally)whatproportionofthecommunity’stotalresourcesshouldbespentonhealth-care;howresourcesaretobeapportioned;whatdiseasesanddisabilitiesandwhichformsoftreatmentaretobegivenpriority;whichmembersofthecommunityaretobegivenspecialconsiderationinrespectoftheirhealthneeds;andwhichformsoftreatmentarethemostcost-effective.SectionWhatisnewisthat,fromthe1950sonwards,therehavebeencertaingeneralchangesinoutlookaboutthefinitudeofresourcesasawholeandofhealth-careresourcesinparticular,aswellasmorespecificchangesregardingtheclienteleofhealth-careresourcesandthecosttothecommunityofthoseresources.Thus,inthe1950sand1960s,thereemergedanawarenessinWesternsocietiesthatresourcesfortheprovi-sionoffossilfuelenergywerefiniteandexhaustibleandthatthecapacityofnatureortheenvironmenttosustaineconomicdevelopmentandpopulationwasalsofinite.Inotherwords,webecameawareoftheobviousfactthattherewere‘limitstogrowth’.Thenewconsciousnessthattherewerealsoseverelimitstohealth-careresourceswaspartofthisgeneralrevelationoftheobvious.Lookingback,itnowseemsquiteincrediblethatinthenationalhealthsystemsthatemergedinmanycoun-triesintheyearsimmediatelyafterthe1939-45WorldWar,itwasassumedwithoutquestionthatallthebasichealthneedsofanycommunitycouldbeinprinciple;the‘invisiblehand’ofeconomicprogresswouldatSectionHowever,atexactlythesametimeasthisnewrealisationofthefinitecharacterofhealth-careresourceswassinkingin,anawarenessofacontrarykindwasdevelopinginWesternsocieties:thatpeoplehaveabasicrighttohealth-careasnecessarycon-ditionofaproperhumanlife.Likeeducation,politicalandlegalprocessesandinsti-tutions,publicorder,communication,transportandmoneysupply,health-carecametobeseenasoneofthefundamentalsocialfacilitiesnecessaryforpeopletoexercisetheirotherrightsasautonomoushumanbeings.Peoplearenotinapositiontocisepersonallibertyandtobeself-determiningiftheyarepoverty-stricken,ordeprivedofbasiceducation,ordonotlivewithinacontextoflawandorder.In112sameway,basichealth-careisaconditionoftheexerciseofSectionAlthoughthelanguageof‘rights’sometimesleadstoconfusion,bythelate1970sitwasrecognisedinmostsocietiesthatpeoplehavearighttohealth-care(thoughtherehasbeenconsiderableresistanceintheUnitedStatestotheideathatthereisaformalrighttohealth-care).Itisalsoacceptedthatthisrightgeneratesanobligationordutyforthestatetoensurethatadequatehealth-careresourcesareprovidedoutofthepublicpurse.Thestatehasnoobligationtoprovideahealth-caresystemitself,buttoensurethatsuchasystemisprovided.Putanotherway,basichealth-careisnowrecog-nisedasa‘publicgood’,ratherthana‘privategood’thatoneisexpectedtobuyforoneself.Asthe1976declarationoftheWorldHealthOrganisationputit:‘Theenjoy-mentofthehighestattainablestandardofhealthisoneofthefundamentalrightsofeveryhumanbeingwithoutdistinctionofrace,religion,politicalbelief,economicorsocialcondition.’Ashasjustbeenremarked,inaliberalsocietybasichealthisseenasoneoftheindispensableconditionsfortheexerciseofpersonalautonomy.SectionJustatthetimewhenitbecameobviousthathealth-careresourcescouldnotpossi-blymeetthedemandsbeingmadeuponthem,peopleweredemandingthattheirfun-damentalrighttohealth-carebesatisfiedbythestate.Thesecondsetofmorespecificchangesthathaveledtothepresentconcernaboutthedistributionofhealth-careresourcesstemsfromthedramaticriseinhealthcostsinmostOECD1countries,accompaniedbylarge-scaledemographicandsocialchangeswhichhavemeant,totakeoneexample,thatelderlypeoplearenowmajor(andrelativelyveryexpensive)consumersofhealth-careresources.ThusinOECDcountriesasawhole,healthcostsincreasedfrom3.8%ofGDP2IN1960TO7%of