金融英語詞匯匯總一、金融市場(chǎng)相關(guān)詞匯1.1股票市場(chǎng)Stockmarket（股票市場(chǎng)）：Amarketwheresharesofpubliclytradedcompaniesareboughtandsold.Share（股票）：Aunitofownershipinacompany.Stockexchange（證券交易所）：Amarketplacewherestocksaretraded.Equity（股權(quán)）：Ownershipinterestinacompanyintheformofsharesofstock.Bond（債券）：Afixed-incomeinstrumentthatrepresentsaloanmadebyaninvestortoaborrower(typicallyagovernmentorcorporation).InitialPublicOffering(IPO)（首次公開募股）：Thefirstsaleofstockbyacompanytothepublic.Dividend（紅利）：Portionofacompany’searningsthatispaidouttoshareholders.Bearmarket（熊市）：Amarketconditioninwhichpricesarefallingandinvestorconfidenceisdecreasing.Bullmarket（牛市）：Amarketconditioninwhichpricesarerisingandinvestorconfidenceisincreasing.Bluechipstocks（藍(lán)籌股）：Sharesoflarge,well-establishedcompanieswithahistoryofsteadyearningsanddividendpayments.Shareholder（股東）：Anindividualorentitythatownssharesofstockinacompany.1.2外匯市場(chǎng)Foreignexchangemarket（外匯市場(chǎng)）：Adecentralizedmarketfortradingcurrencies.Exchangerate（匯率）：Therateatwhichonecurrencycanbeexchangedforanother.Currencypair（貨幣對(duì)）：Thequotationoftherelativevaluebetweentwocurrencies.Spottransaction（即期交易）：Aforeignexchangetransactionwherecurrenciesareboughtandsoldforimmediatedelivery.Forwardtransaction（遠(yuǎn)期交易）：Aforeignexchangetransactionwherecurrenciesareboughtandsoldforfuturedeliveryatapredeterminedexchangerate.Currencyappreciation（貨幣升值）：Anincreaseinthevalueofonecurrencyrelativetoanothercurrency.Currencydepreciation（貨幣貶值）：Adecreaseinthevalueofonecurrencyrelativetoanothercurrency.Centralbank（中央銀行）：Afinancialinstitutionresponsibleformanagingacountry’smoneysupplyandinterestrates.Foreignexchangereserve（外匯儲(chǔ)備）：Acountry’sholdingsofforeigncurrenciesusedtosupportitsowncurrencyandmanageexchangerates.Exchangeraterisk（匯率風(fēng)險(xiǎn)）：Theriskthatthevalueofacurrencywillchangeinawaythatnegativelyimpactstheprofitsandcashflowsofacompanyorinvestment.二、金融機(jī)構(gòu)相關(guān)詞匯2.1銀行Bank（銀行）：Afinancialinstitutionthatacceptsdepositsfromthepublicandcreatescredit.Savingaccount（儲(chǔ)蓄賬戶）：Anaccountwithabankwhereindividualscandepositmoneyandearninterestontheirsavings.Checkingaccount（支票賬戶）：Anaccountwithabankthatallowsindividualstodepositandwithdrawmoneyusingchecksordebitcards.Loan（貸款）：Moneyborrowedfromabankorfinancialinstitutionthatistoberepaidwithinterest.Interestrate（利率）：Thepercentageofaloanordepositthatischargedorpaidasinterestoveracertainperiodoftime.Creditcard（信用卡）：Apaymentcardissuedbyabankthatallowscardholderstoborrowfundstomakepurchases.ATM(AutomatedTellerMachine)（自動(dòng)取款機(jī)）：Anelectronicbankingoutletthatallowscustomerstocompletebasictransactionswithouttheneedforabankteller.Overdraft（透支）：Adeficitinabankaccountcausedbydrawingmoremoneythanisavailable.Mortgage（抵押貸款）：Aloanusedtopurchaserealestate,wherethepropertyisusedascollateralfortheloan.Bankruptcy（破產(chǎn)）：Alegalprocessinwhichapersonorbusinessisunabletorepaytheirdebts.2.2保險(xiǎn)Insurance（保險(xiǎn)）：Acontractthatprovidescompensationtoindividualsorcompaniesintheeventofspecifiedlosses.Policy（保險(xiǎn)單）：Awrittencontractbetweenaninsurancecompanyandtheinsuredthatoutlinesthetermsandconditionsoftheinsurancecoverage.Premium（保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)）：Theamountofmoneyanindividualorbusinesspaysforaninsurancepolicy.Claim（索賠）：Arequestmadebyaninsuredforpaymentunderthetermsofaninsurancepolicyforacoveredloss.Deductible（免賠額）：Theamountofmoneyaninsuredindividualorbusinessisrequiredtopaybeforeaninsurancecompanywillpayaclaim.Underwriter（承保人）：Anindividualorcompanythatdeterminestherisksandpricingofinsurancepolicies.Lifeinsurance（人壽保險(xiǎn)）：Insurancethatpaysoutasumofmoneyeitheronthedeathoftheinsuredpersonorafterasetperiodoftime.Healthinsurance（健康保險(xiǎn)）：Insurancethatcoversthecostofmedicalandsurgicalexpensesincurredbytheinsured.Propertyinsurance（財(cái)產(chǎn)保險(xiǎn)）：Insurancethatprovidesprotectionagainstriskstoproperty,suchasfire,theft,ornaturaldisasters.Liabilityinsurance（責(zé)任保險(xiǎn)）：Insurancethatprovidesprotectionagainstclaimsresultingfrominjuriesanddamagetootherpeopleorproperty.三、金融衍生品相關(guān)詞匯3.1期貨合約Futurescontract（期貨合約）：Alegalagreementtobuyorsellacommodityorfinancialinstrumentatapredeterminedpriceataspecifiedfuturedate.Settlement（交割）：Theprocessoftransferringownershipofafuturescontractfromthesellertothebuyer.Margin（保證金）：Theamountofmoneyorcollateraldepositedbyabuyerorsellerofafuturescontracttocoverpotentiallosses.Longposition（多頭頭寸）：Theownershipofafuturescontractbyabuyerwhoexpectspricestorise.Shortposition（空頭頭寸）：Theownershipofafuturescontractbyasellerwhoexpectspricestofall.Marktomarket（按市價(jià)計(jì)算）：Theprocessofvaluingafuturescontractatcurrentmarketpricestodeterminepotentialgainsorlosses.Deliverymonth（交割月份）：Themonthinwhichafuturescontractexpiresandphysicaldeliveryoftheunderlyingassetismade.3.2期權(quán)合約Optioncontract（期權(quán)合約）：Afinancialcontractthatgivestheholdertheright,butnottheobligation,tobuyorsellanunderlyingassetatapredeterminedpricewithinaspecifiedperiodoftime.Calloption（認(rèn)購期權(quán)）：Anoptioncontractthatgivestheholdertherighttobuytheunderlyingassetatapredeterminedprice.Putoption（認(rèn)沽期權(quán)）：Anoptioncontractthatgivestheholdertherighttoselltheunderlyingassetatapredeterminedprice.Premium（期權(quán)費(fèi)）：Thepricepaidbythebuyerofanoptioncontracttothesellerfortherighttobuyorselltheunderlyingasset.Expirationdate（到期日）：Thedateonwhichanoptioncont