上海市20222023高一上學期期末練習英語學科I.ListeningprehensionSectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.A.Nottoplayputergames.B.Finishtheschoolprojectontime.C.Remembertoturnontheputer.D.Waitforthewomantoarrive.2.A.Readanarticlefortheproject.B.Readallthearticlesrelated.C.Workonthescienceprojectalone.D.Focusononeparticularsciencetheory.3.A.Theweather.B.Thetiringtrip.C.Thescenery.D.Theseriouspollution.4.A.Atanairport.B.Onaplane.C.Inarestaurant.D.Atanexhibition.5.A.1:00.B.3:00.C.4:00.D.5:00.6.A.ThewomanmadeajokeofTom.B.Tomwaspooratmaths.C.Themancouldn’tbelievethenews.D.Tomcaughtastudentcheating.7.A.Giveupeatingsalt.B.Controlhisbloodpressure.C.Diesoonifheeatssalt.D.Saygoodbyetothewoman.8.A.Thewomanfeelssorryforbeingtoolate.B.Themanwon’tmakeittotheshowtomorrow.C.Thetwopeoplearegoingtotheshowtonight.D.Theshowisonstagemorethanonce.9.A.Hewantstoborrowaguidebook.B.Hewantsthewomantobuythebook.C.Hewantstofindacheaperguidebook.D.Hewantsthewomantolendhimone.10.A.Shewillbebusyintheafternoon.B.Shedoesn’tenjoyworkingwiththeman.C.Shewantstoworkonthereportonceagain.D.Shedoesn’tfinditnecessarytorevisethereport.SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillhearonelongerconversationandtwoshortpassages,andyouwillbeaskedseveralquestionsontheconversationandeachofthepassages.Theconversationandthepassageswillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through14arebasedonthefollowingconversation.11.A.Toomanyplanestakingoffandlandingatthesametime.B.Toomanypassengerswaitingtoboardtheaircraft.C.Toomanybagsandcasesthatneedloadingintoeachplane.D.Toomanyplaintsaboutplaneticketsbeingoversold.12.A.Askformorecashtomakeupforthelosttime.B.Choosethefreetripticketovercash.C.Consulttheirfamilybeforetheydecide.D.Guaranteetheirseatsonthenextflight.13.A.Overbooking.B.Specialfaresystems.C.Businessflight.D.Holidaydiscounts.14.A.Gotothoselessbusyairports.B.Takeenoughfoodanddrinkonboard.C.Makeclearwhyyourflightisdelayed.D.Volunteerforthenextflightforabetterseat.Questions15through17arebasedonthefollowingpassage.15.A.Itisarareconditionforhumanbeings.B.Itistheresultofthebody’slackofheat.C.Itisnotafatalconditionevenifnotfoundearly.D.Itisnotobviousasthepatientshowsfewsigns.16.A.Wearingahatandascarfandapairofglovesisimportant.B.Twolayersoflightclothesarebetterthanonlayerofheavyclothing.C.It’sessentialtohavealltheclothesstayasdryaspossible.D.Sweatingafterhardworkingisdangerousinthecolderseasons.17.A.Itcanbringwarmthforjustashortperiodoftime.B.Itlowersthebody’stemperaturefasterthanexpected.C.Itmakeshumanbodylessabletoholdheat.D.Itincreasestheriskoffallingorhurtingoneself.Questions18through20arebasedonthefollowingpassage.18.A.Todemonstratehowmuchtheymissedtheirhomecountry.B.Toshowthattheywereproudoftheirnationalculture.C.ToindicatetheirloyaltytotheRomanCatholicreligion.D.ToprotestagainsttheirlowsocialstatusinAmerica.19.A.Festivefoodanddrink.B.Thewearingofthegreen.C.Irishparadesandmusic.D.Apoliticalstatement.20.A.ItreflectsthegreencoveredfieldsinIreland.B.ItwasaddedintothecolorsoftheIrishflaginthe17thcentury.C.It’stheoriginalcolorassociatedwithSt.Patrick’sDay.D.It’sreplacedbyblueincelebrationfromthe17thcentury.II.GrammarandVocabularySectionA:MultiplechoicesDirections:Beneatheachofthefollowingsentences,therearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheoneanswerthatbestpletesthesentence.1.Selfdriving

is

an

area

________China

and

the

rest

of

the

world

are

on

the

same

startingline.A.thatB.whereC.whichD.when【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：自動駕駛是一個中國和世界其它國家都在同一起跑線的領域。此處是限定性定語從句，先行詞為area，關系詞在從句中作地點狀語，應用關系副詞where，相當于inwhich。故選B。2.There’sbeenmuchfingerpointinganddebateoverwho________fortheextremeweatherconditions.A.blames B.hastoblame C.istobeblamed D.istoblame【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查固定搭配。句意：對于誰應該為極端天氣狀況負責，人們有很多的指責和爭論。根據句意可知，此處表示“某人應受責備”，應用固定搭配betoblame，表主動表示被動，故選D。3.Ourancestorshadnoirontoolsandwheeledvehicles，yettheymanagedtomovestonesthat________morethanahundredtonstothesite.A.weighed B.wereweighed C.wereweighing D.weigh【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查時態。句意：我們的祖先沒有鐵制工具和輪式車輛，但他們設法將重達100多噸的石頭運到了現場。分析句子可知，句子為“that”引導的限制性定語從句，“that”代指先行詞“stones”，在從句中作主語，根據句意和句中“managed”可知，句中陳述的是過去發生的事，應用一般過去時，“weigh”意為“有……重”，“stones”和“weigh”為主動關系，“weigh”的過去式為“weighed”，故空格處應填“weighed”。故選A項。4.Theritualsofingofageceremoniesarediverse.Butonething________allingofageceremonieshaveinmonis________theyprepareayoungpersontotakeonresponsibilitiesasanadult.A.what;that B.that;that C.what;whether D.that;what【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查定語從句的關系代詞、表語從句的連接詞。句意：成人禮的儀式是多種多樣的。但所有的成人禮都有的一個共同點是它們讓年輕人做好成年后承擔責任的準備。第一空考查限制性定語從句，先行詞為onething，在從句中作have的賓語，根據4個選擇項，應用關系代詞that引導從句；第二空在系動詞之后，后接陳述句，為表語從句，應用連接詞that，在從句中不充當句子成分，只起連接作用。故選B項。5.HoldenCaulfieldexperiencesverylittlegrowthinthenovelTheCatcherintheRye,maintaininghisdisrespectforrules,________Ithinkiswhyyoungerreaderssostronglytaketothebook.A.what B.where C.that D.which【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：霍爾頓·考爾菲德在小說《麥田里的守望者》中經歷了很少的成長，保持著對規則的不尊重，我認為這就是為什么年輕讀者如此強烈地喜歡這本書的原因。分析句子可知，空格后為非限制性定語從句，先行詞為“霍爾頓·考爾菲德在小說《麥田里的守望者》中經歷了很少的成長，保持著對規則的不尊重”這件事，在從句中作主語，故應用關系代詞which引導該定語從句。故選D項。6.InKorea,thethirdMondayofMayisthedaytocelebrate________turn19yearsold,knownas‘ingofAge’day.A.hewho B.whoever C.thosewho D.who【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查賓語從句。句意：在韓國，5月的第三個星期一是慶祝人們19歲生日的日子，被稱為“成年日”。分析句式結構可知，此處是賓語從句，且從句中缺少主語，在分析句意，此處用whoever表示“無論誰、任何人”符合語境，C項雖語法正確，即理解為who引導的定語從句，修飾those，但是句意是“慶祝那些成為19歲的孩子”，搭配不正確，celebrate后面賓語一般接事情，而不是人。故選B項。7.Theopenuniversityaimstoprovideuniversityeducationforanyone,________backgroundorpreviouseducationqualificationsheorshehas.A.what B.whether C.whatever D.however【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查狀語從句。句意：開放大學旨在給任何人提供大學教育，無論他或她之前有什么教育背景和資質。A.what什么；B.whether是否；C.whatever無論什么；D.however無論如何。分析題干結構，前文句子結構完整，故空處為狀語從句，排除A項，what不引導狀語從句；結合選項含義，C項帶入表示“無論他或她之前有什么教育背景和資質”邏輯通順。故選C項。8.________glittersisnotgold;notallthose________wanderarelost.A.What;who B.All;that C.What;that D.Allthat;who【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查定語從句先行詞和關系詞。句意：不是所有的金子都會發光；浪跡天涯，未必迷失本性。“_____isnotgold”是主句，主句缺少主語，且句子是陳述句，結合選項可知，主語是all符合，“_____glitters”是定語從句，其中glitters“發光”是從句謂語動詞，從句缺少主語，先行詞是all，只能用that來引導定語從句。所以第一空是Allthat。“notallthose________wanderarelost”中those是先行詞，指人，“________wander”是定語從句，從句缺少主語，應用who來引導，故用who。故選D項。9.—What’syourplanfortheholidays?—Well,whileyouareenjoyingyourselfonthebeach,I________onmycouch,watchingYoungSheldon.A.amsitting B.willbesitting C.willhavesat D.wouldsit【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查動詞時態。句意：——你假期有什么計劃?——你在沙灘上玩的時候，我會坐在沙發上看《小謝爾頓》。A.amsitting現在進行時；besitting將來進行時；C.willhavesat將來完成時；sit過去將來時。將來進行時表示在將來某一時間正在進行的動作，由語意可知，對于即將到來的假期，當你正在沙灘上玩的時候，我會坐在沙發上看《小謝爾頓》。故選B項。10.________inordertositforthecollegeentranceexam?A.Whatshesuggestedheread B.WhatdidshesuggesthereadC.Didshesuggestforhimtoread D.Didshesuggestwhatheshouldread【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查虛擬語去和插入語。句意：為了參加大學入學考試，她建議他讀什么書?本句的插入語為“didshesuggest”后接句子用虛擬語氣“he(should)read”,特殊疑問詞“what”置于句首。故選A項。11.monsensedemands_______bothsidesoftheproblem.A.heexamine B.himtoexamine C.himexamining D.heexamines【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查虛擬語氣。句意：常識要求他審視問題的兩面。demand意為“要求”，表示“要求、建議和命令”等相關的從句謂語用虛擬語氣，即主格+should+動詞原形，should可省略。故選A項。12.Ireadaboutthetwostoriesinsomebookorother.Doesitmatter________itwas?A.where B.what C.how D.which【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查主語從句。句意：我在某本書上讀到過這兩個故事，哪一本書重要嗎？分析句子可知，it為形式主語，真正的主語為主語從句，即空處和之后的內容，空處為主語從句的表語，結合前文中“insomebookorother”，可知此處應指“哪一本書”，故選D。13.Thebookhashelpedmegreatlyinmydailymunication,especiallyatwork________agoodimpressionisamust.A.which B.when C.as D.where【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查定語從句用法。句意：這本書對我的日常交際有極大的幫助，尤其在工作中，良好的印象是必須的。句中的先行詞為work，在從句agoodimpressionismust中作地點狀語，故用關系副詞where。故D正確。14.Theincrediblescientificdiscoverieswhichweremadeduringthe19thand20thcenturies________theboom(激增)ofscienceinpopculture.A.madeitpossible B.madepossible C.madepossibly D.madeitpossibly【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：19世紀和20世紀取得的令人難以置信的科學發現使流行文化中科學的繁榮成為可能。分析句子結構可知，此處為“make+賓語+賓補”結構，該結構中，形容詞作賓補，但是當賓語過長時，形容詞作賓補可以在賓語之前，即為“make+賓補（形容詞）+賓語（名詞短語）”且句意合理。故選B項。15.—Isthereanypossibility______youcouldpickmeupattheairport?—Noproblem.A.whenB.thatC.whetherD.what【答案】B【解析】【分析】【詳解】考查同位語從句。句意：你有可能來飛機場接我們嗎?沒問題。when什么時間；that在賓語從句中沒有意義；whether是否；what什么。分析句子可知，空格處引導同位語從句，解釋說明possibility，從句句意完整，成分齊全，故用連接詞that，故選B。16.Thecity________highrisepublichousingtowersandreplacedthemwithgardenstyleapartments.A.toreaway B.toreapart C.toredown D.toreat【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：這座城市拆除了高層公屋大廈，代之以花園式公寓。A.toreaway忍痛離去，硬行拉走；B.toreapart扯開，使心碎；C.toredown拆毀，拆除（建筑物、墻）；D.toreat撕，扯破。根據句意可知，高層公屋大廈被花園式公寓替代，應先拆除公屋大廈。故選C項。17.Heisstrategicabouthis________whenhegivesspeeches,varyingthepace,softeningonoccasion,allowingsilenceforacontrast.A.transition B.delivery C.relevance D.facility【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當他發表演講時，他對自己的表達方式很有策略，改變節奏，偶爾柔和一些，允許沉默以形成對比。A.transition過渡，轉變；B.delivery（在公共場合的）講話方式，演說風格，遞送；C.relevance相關性，關聯性，重要性，意義；D.facility設施，設備，才能。根據句中的“whenhegivesspeeches,varyingthepace,softeningonoccasion,allowingsilenceforacontrast”可知他演講時，表達方式很有策略，delivery“（在公共場合的）講話方式，演說風格”符合句意。故選B。18.Asanadult,Wilsonreturnedtohishometo_______hisfondlyrememberedchildhood.A.reminisceabout B.enrollin C.centeraround D.takeon【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：成年后，威爾遜回到家中，回憶起他那令人懷念的童年。about回憶；in參加報名；around以……為中心；on承擔，呈現。根據“hisfondlyrememberedchildhood.”可知，成年后，威爾遜回到家中回憶他那令人懷念的童年。故選A項。19.InasmallstudypublishedtodayinthejournalNature,aUSteamshowedthattheapproachwas________andsafe,butwassuccessfulonlyinahandfulofpatients.A.feasible B.casual C.engaging D.carefree【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在今天發表在《自然》雜志上的一項小型研究中，一個美國團隊表明，這種方法是可行和安全的，但只在少數患者中成功。A.feasible可行的；B.casual漫不經心的；C.engaging迷人的；D.carefree無憂無慮的。結合空前approach和空后safe可知，此處指這個方法是可行且安全的，故選A。20.Hawking’sresearch,ifitisprovedbyfurtherexperiments,could________someofthebiggestmysteriesintheuniverse.A.findfaultwith B.setfooton C.makeroomfor D.castlighton【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：霍金的研究，如果有進一步的研究去證實的話，能夠讓人們更容易地理解宇宙中一些最為神秘的東西。A.findfaultwith挑剔；B.setfooton進入；踏上；C.makeroomfor給……讓出空地方；D.castlighton使（問題等）較容易理解。由語意可知，宇宙中一些最為神秘的東西是人類難以理解的，但是霍金的研究能讓人更容易地理解，故選D項。SectionB:GrammarDirections:Afterreadingthepassagesbelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagescoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.‘Coco’forcedPixartodivedeepintoarealworldculture—andaddsomediversityPixarStudios,forallitsfameforcreatinghighlydetailedworlds,hasrarelyhadtoworrytoomuchaboutculturalauthenticity(文化真實性).Evenafterallitsfamousresearchformovies___21___BraveandRatatouille,thefilmmakershavebeenfreetousetheirimaginations,withoutrealfearofoffendingtoymakersandautomakers.TheBayAreastudioknew,however,thatcentering“Coco,”whichopenedWednesday,Nov.22,onMexico’sDayoftheDeadholidaywouldenteranentirelydifferentarea,___22___itwouldincludenotonlydescriptionsoftraditions,butalsoasignificantincreaseincastingdiversity.“Weknewfromtheearlystagesthatincreatingthisfilm,”codirectorAdrianMolinasaid,“acpanyingitwasthishugeresponsibilitytorepresentitfaithfully.”TheDayoftheDead___23___(celebrate)widelyinMexicoeachautumninmemoryofdepartedlovedonesandinsupportoftheirjourneyintheafterlife.“Coco”centersaroundseveralgenerationsofrelatives,bothlivinganddead,___24___havelessonstolearnandlongburiedfamilysecretstouncover.“Somefilmmakersmightsimplygraft(加入)customsandritualsontoanexistingstory.Thatisnotatall___25___Pixarworks,”saidMolina,whoisofMexicandescent(出身).“Wedecidedprettymuchwhenthefilmwasapproved—maybeevenbefore—___26___wewantedtogettheresearchdoneearly.”MolinagrewupinCalif,seeingsomeaspectsoftheholiday,butnotothers.“Wewantedtoexperiencetheholiday:visitthepeople,visitthefamilies,askquestions,takephotos,”MolinasaidofthePixarteam’sresearchfieldtripstoMexico.“Wewantedtoreallyimmerse(沉浸在)ourselvesin___27___thecelebrationoftheDayoftheDeadwas.Thenwewouldbereadytostartdiscussingstory.”Thatanimatedstorycentersaroundaboy,Miguel,wholongstosingandplaytheguitarinpublic,despitehisgrandmother’sbanonmakingmusic.Coco,Miguel’sgreatgrandmother,isthelastlivinglinktothatlongagomisunderstandinginvolvingherfather,___28___travelingmusician.“There’sacertainlanguagetofamily,andthere’sacertainlanguageacrossgenerations—___29___it’saliterallanguage,orjusttheactsofloveanddutyandresponsibilitythatewithbeingafamily,”Molinasaid.“Thoseseemedliketheinterestingthingsfrommyexperiencethatcouldpletelyapplytothiskid(Miguel)whofeelsoutofplaceinhisfamily.”MolinaalsoapplaudsPixar’screativemoveintospecificcultures.“Ifyou’renotwillingtomakeaconnectionwiththestoriesofotherpeopleandletthembetheir____30____(talented)selvesasartists,asperformers,asfilmmakers,”hesaid.“you’remissingoutonwhattheaudiencewants.”“Everyonewantstoholdthememoriesoftheonesthathavepassedonwithjoy,”Molinasaidof“Coco,”“andsharethosememories,andkeepthemalive.”【答案】21.like22.where23.iscelebrated24.who25.how26.because27.what28.a29.either30.talented【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了《尋夢環游記》使皮克斯深入到現實世界的文化中，該電影不僅包括對傳統的描述，還顯著增加了演員的多樣。【21題詳解】考查介詞。句意：即使在對《勇敢傳說》和《料理鼠王》這樣的電影進行了所有著名的研究之后，電影制作人仍然可以自由地發揮他們的想象力，而不必真正擔心冒犯玩具制造商和汽車制造商。空后是電影名，為名詞，此處表示“像，正如”，應用介詞like，故填like。【22題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：然而，舊金山灣區的工作室知道，在11月22日星期三墨西哥的亡靈節開幕的以《尋夢環游記》為中心的電影將進入一個完全不同的領域，它將不僅包括對傳統的描述，還將顯著增加演員的多樣性。空處引導非限制性定語從句，先行詞為area，且從句中缺少地點狀語，應用where來引導，故填where。【23題詳解】考查時態和語態。句意：墨西哥每年秋天都廣泛慶祝亡靈節，以紀念逝去的親人，并支持他們來世的旅程。空處在句中作謂語，句子描述客觀事實，應用一般現在時，主語TheDayoftheDead和動詞celebrate是被動關系，應用一般現在時的被動，且主語是一個節日，為單數，故填iscelebrated。【24題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：《尋夢環游記》的故事圍繞著幾代親戚展開，包括在世的和去世的，他們有學習的課程和長期埋藏的家族秘密要揭開。空處引導非限制性定語從句，先行詞為relatives，指人，且從句中缺少主語，應用關系代詞who來引導，故填who。【25題詳解】考查表語從句。句意：“這根本不是皮克斯的工作方式，”墨西哥裔的莫利納說。空處引導表語從句，從句缺少方式狀語，應用how來引導，故填how。【26題詳解】考查連詞。句意：“我們基本上是在電影獲得批準時做出決定的，甚至可能是在批準之前，因為我們希望盡早完成研究。”根據句意可知，空后句子是空前句子的原因，應用because引導原因狀語從句，故填because。【27題詳解】考查賓語從句。句意：我們想要真正沉浸在亡靈節的慶祝活動中。空處引導賓語從句，從句中缺少表語，表示“……的事情”，應用what來引導，故填what。【28題詳解】考查冠詞。句意：可可，米格爾的曾祖母，是與那個很久以前的那個誤會有關的最后一個活著的人，她的父親是一個旅行音樂家。此處表示“一個旅行音樂家”，應用不定冠詞來修飾musician，且travelling發音是以輔音音素開頭，應用a，故填a。【29題詳解】考查連詞。句意：莫利納說，“家庭之間有一種特定的語言，幾代人之間也有一種特定的語言——要么是一種字面上的語言，要么只是作為一個家庭而帶來的愛、責任和責任的行為。”either...or固定搭配，意為“或者……或者……”，故填either。【30題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：他說：“如果你不愿意與其他人的故事建立聯系，讓他們作為藝術家、演員和電影制作人發揮自己的才能。那么你錯過了觀眾想要的東西。”名詞selves(自我)應用形容詞talented來修飾，作定語，表示“有才能的”，故填talented。SectionC:VocabularyDirection:pletethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.maintainingB.effectivelyC.developedD.wondersE.positionedF.overeG.flexibilityH.establishedI.exploringJ.remotelyK.respectivelyWorkcations:Thetraveltrendmixingworkandplay“Afterworkingfromhomeforoverayear,Ineededachangeinatmosphere,”saysVedikaBhaia,aKolkatabasedmarketingentrepreneurandcontentcreator.Lastsummer,sheandafriendwentona15daytripthroughIndia’sParvatiValley,____31____thenaturalenvironmentwhilebalancingafullworkloadonalaptop.Thoughshewasusedtoworking____32____,Bhaiasaysthe‘workfromanywhere’mentality(思維模式)createdbythepandemicpushedhertotakeatripthatbinedworkandleisure.“Iknewtravellingwoulddo____33____formymentalhealth.Itwouldhelpme____34____thecreativeblockIwashavingaswell,”shesays.Thepopularityofworkcationsmayseemtoconflictwiththefirmly____35____ideathatweshouldkeepworkandplayapart–afterall,betterawarenessofworkrelatedmentalhealthstressorshasleftusmoreconsciousthaneveroftheimportanceof____36____boundariesbetweenourprofessionalandpersonallives.Yetexpertsarguethattheadaptabilitywe’vedevelopedduringthepandemichas____37____uswelltoenjoyabreakthatbinesworkandplay.Andgiventhebenefitsworkersseeinthem–likemorechancestoexplorenewplaceswhilefulfillingourdaytodayresponsibilities–workcationsarelikelytobeeapracticelastingwellbeyondthepandemic.Ofcourse,theremaywellbesomepeoplewhoprefertomitfullytoeitherworkorplay,ratherthanbinethetwoactivities.RachelFu,professoroftourism,saysthatwhetherpeopleenjoytheworkcationexperiencewilldependon“avarietyofindividualpersonalitiesandbehaviouralchoices”;somemayfeeltheyareonlyonholidayiftheyaretotallyfreefromwork,forexample.ButFususpectsthatmanywhitecollarworkershave____38____theskillsneededtopulloffworkcationsduringthepandemic.“Ourbehaviourshavebeenforcedtochange,”shesays.“Homeisschool,homeiswherewework.Wehaveallbeentrainedtoswitch:‘OK,nowwehaveaZoommeeting’.Ithinkafterthepasttwoyears,wecanswitchfromonethingtothenextvery____39____.”Giventhelevelofinterestfromworkersnowaccustomedtostayingproductiveinmultipleenvironments,workcationslooklikeapracticethat’sheretostay.“Aslongasyoudeliver,manypaniesdon’tcarewhereyou’reworkingfrom,”saysFu.Acmodatingworkerswillbeinpanies’interests;it’salreadyclearthat____40____willbekeytokeepingworkers,especiallyasthenewgenerationofworkers,inparticular,valuetheabilitytoworkfromanywhere.【答案】31.I32.J33.D34.F35.H36.A37.E38.C39.K40.G【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了因為疫情而出現的一種新的工作和娛樂相結合的旅行趨勢——Workcations。【31題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：去年夏天，她和一個朋友在印度的帕爾瓦蒂山谷進行了為期15天的旅行，一邊探索自然環境，一邊在筆記本電腦上平衡全部的工作負荷。根據“thenaturalenvironment”可知，空處表示“探索”自然環境；分析句子可知，本句有謂語wenton，空處填非謂語動詞作伴隨狀語，邏輯主語sheandafriend與動詞explore之間是主動關系，故填exploring。故選I項。【32題詳解】考查副詞。句意：雖然她習慣了遠程工作，但Bhaia說，疫情創造的“隨時隨地工作”的心態促使她進行了一次工作和休閑相結合的旅行。分析句子可知，空處填副詞修飾動詞working；根據前文“Afterworkingfromhomeforoverayear”可知，作者居家辦公，即遠程工作，故填remotely。故選J項。【33題詳解】考查名詞。句意：我知道旅行對我的心理健康有好處。分析句子可知，空處填名詞作賓語；根據“atripthatbinedworkandleisure”可知，邊旅行邊工作是對身心有好處的；dowonders是固定短語，意為“創造奇跡”，符合題意，所以填名詞wonders作賓語。故選D項。【34題詳解】考查動詞。句意：這也會幫助我克服創作障礙，她說。根據helpsb.dosth.“幫助某人做某事”可知，空處填省略to的不定式作賓補；根據后文“thecreativeblock”和“aswell”可知，旅行不僅有益于我的身心，還能“克服”創作障礙，故填overe。故選F項。【35題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：工作的普及似乎與我們應該把工作和娛樂分開的根深蒂固的觀念相沖突。根據空前副詞firmly可知空處填形容詞或者分詞作名詞idea的前置定語；根據后面的同位語從句“thatweshouldkeepworkandplayapart”，這是一種根深蒂固的觀念，所以填形容詞established“確立已久的，知名的”。故選H項。【36題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：畢竟，對與工作有關的心理健康壓力的更好認識讓我們比以往任何時候都更意識到保持工作和個人生活之間界限的重要性。根據“theimportanceof”和“boundariesbetweenourprofessionalandpersonallives.”可知，此處表示“保持”工作和個人生活之間界限的重要性，故填動名詞maintaining作of的賓語。故選A項。【37題詳解】考查動詞。句意：然而，專家認為，我們在疫情期間發展的適應性使我們能夠很好地享受工作和娛樂相結合的休息。分析句子可知，that引導的賓語從句中謂語不完整，根據has可知，填過去分詞，構成現在完成時；根據后文“uswelltoenjoyabreak”可知空處表示“讓”我們享受休息；position作動詞，表示“使處于”，positionsbtodosth.意為“讓某人做某事”，故填過去分詞positioned。故選E項。【38題詳解】考查動詞。句意：但傅懷疑，許多白領工人已經開發了在疫情期間完成工作所需的技能。分析句子可知，that引導的賓語從句中謂語不完整，根據have可知，填過去分詞，構成現在完成時；根據后文“skills”可知，許多人已經“養成”了這種技能。developskills表示“培養技能”，故填developed。故選C項。【39題詳解】考查副詞。句意：我認為，在過去兩年之后，我們可以有效地從一件事轉向另一件事。分析句子可知，空處填副詞修飾動詞switch；根據上文“Wehaveallbeentrainedtoswitch”和“fromonethingtothenext”可知，空處表示我們非常“靈活地、有效地”從一件事專項轉向另一件事，故填effectively。故選K項。【40題詳解】考查名詞。句意：很明顯，靈活性將是留住工人的關鍵，特別是在新一代工人尤其重視從任何地方工作的能力的情況下。分析句子可知，that引導的主語從句中缺主語，應填名詞。根據前文“Aslongasyoudeliver,manypaniesdon’tcarewhereyou’reworkingfrom”和后文“willbekeytokeepingworkers”可知，留住工人的關鍵就是靈活性，故填flexibility，為不可數名詞。故選G項。III.ReadingprehensionSectionA:ClozeDirection:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Youmayalreadybefamiliarwithrecentfindingsthatsuggestchildrenasyoungassixmonthswhoreadbookswiththeirparentsseveraltimesaweekshowstrongerliteracyskillsfouryearslater,scorehigheronintelligencetests,andlandbetterjobsthannonreaders.Butrecentresearcharguesthatreadingmaybejustasimportantin____41____.Whenpracticedoveralifetime,readingandlanguageacquisition(習得)skillscansupporthealthybrainfunctioninginbigways.Simplyput:____42____powerincreasesbrainpower.To____43____whyandwhateachofuscandotogetthemostoutofourwords，startbyaskingthesamequestiontheYaleteamdid:Whatisitaboutreadingbooksinparticularthatincreasesourbrainpowerwhilereadingnewspapersandmagazinesdoesn’t?Forone,theresearchersassume,chapterbooksencourage“deepreading.”Unlikeskimmingapageofheadlines,readingabookforcesyourbraintothinkcriticallyandmake____44____fromonechaptertoanother,andtotheoutsideworld.Whenyoumakeassociations,sodoesyourbrain,literallybuildingnewpathwaysbetweenregionsinallfourlobes(腦葉)andbothhemispheres.Overtime,theseneuralnetworkscanpromotequickerthinkingandmayprovideagreater____45____againsttheworsteffectsofcognitivedecay(認知衰退).____46____,readingbooks,especiallyfiction,hasbeenshowntoincreaseempathy(共鳴)andemotionalintelligence.One2013studyfoundthatparticipantswhoreadjustthefirstpartorchapterofastoryshowedanoticeableincreaseinempathyoneweeklater,while____47____readersshowedadecrease.Thesefindingsmaysound____48____,butthey’renot;developingsocialtoolssuchasempathyandemotionalintelligencecanleadtomore(andmorepositive)humaninteraction,which____49____canlowerstresslevels—bothofwhichareprovedtohelpyoulivelongerandhealthier.That’snottosaythatmagazines,newspapers,andWebarticlesarewithout_____50_____.Readinganythingthatfillsyourmindandexposesyoutonewwords,phrases,andfactsseemstocarry_____51_____benefits.Newresearchindicatesthatalarge_____52_____mayleadtoamoreflexiblemindbyfuelingwhatscientistscallcognitivereserve(認知儲備).Onewaytothinkaboutthisreserveisasyourbrain’sabilitytoadaptto_____53_____.Justasyourbloodcellswillhelptocoveracutonyourknee,cognitivereservehelpsyourbraincellsfindnewmentalpathwaysaroundareasdamagedbystroke,dementia,andotherformsofdecay.Thiscouldexplainwhy,afterdeath,manyseeminglyhealthyeldersturnouttoharboradvancedsignsofAlzheimer’sdiseaseintheirbrainsdespiteshowingfewsigns_____54_____.It’stheircognitivereserve,researcherssuspect,thatmayallowsomeseniorsto_____55_____hiddenbraindamage.41.A.childhood B.adulthood C.education D.occupation42.A.Memory B.Fluency C.Literature D.Word43.A.understand B.believe C.question D.confess44.A.explorations B.connections C.equivalents D.judgments45.A.appeal B.struggle C.defense D.warning46.A.Consequently B.However C.Besides D.Instead47.A.news B.regular C.mind D.occasional48.A.inevitable B.unofficial C.undeniable D.insignificant49.A.inthemeantime B.todate C.inturn D.tothefull50.A.advantages B.weaknesses C.threats D.opportunities51.A.physical B.mental C.economic D.social52.A.proportion B.brain C.vocabulary D.range53.A.decrease B.change C.increase D.damage54.A.asbefore B.intotal C.asusual D.inlife55.A.lookdownon B.makeupfor C.getusedto D.takeoutof【答案】41.B42.D43.A44.B45.C46.C47.A48.D49.C50.A51.B52.C53.D54.D55.B【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文，主要說明了閱讀，尤其是小說的閱讀對成年人腦健康的積極作用。【41題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但最近的研究表明，閱讀在成年時期可能同樣重要。A.childhood童年；B.adulthood成年期；C.education教育；D.occupation工作。根據下文“Whenpracticedoveralifetime,readingandlanguageacquisition(習得)skillscansupporthealthybrainfunctioninginbigways.”以及結合本文主旨可知本段主要介紹了關于這個問題的一些最新研究及其結果，可知小說的閱讀對成年人腦健康是同等重要。故選B項。【42題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：詞匯力量增加腦力。A.Memory記憶；B.Fluency流利程度；C.Literature文獻，文學；D.Word單詞。根據下文“Readinganythingthatfillsyourmindandexposesyoutonewwords,phrases,andfactsseemstocarry___11____benefits.”可知此處強調的是詞匯素養的力量。故選D項。【43題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：要弄明白知道為什么以及我們每個人都能做些什么來最大限度地利用我們的語言。A.understand理解；B.believe相信；C.question提問；D.confess承認。根據下文“Whatisitaboutreadingbooksinparticularthatincreasesourbrainpowerwhilereadingnewspapersandmagazinesdoesn’t?”可知耶魯團隊是為了弄明白語言以及詞匯的力量才進行了這項研究。故選A項。【44題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：與瀏覽一頁標題不同，閱讀一本書會迫使你的大腦批判性地思考，并從一個章節到另一個章節，以及與外部世界建立聯系。A.explorations探索；B.connections連接；C.equivalents等量；D.judgments判決。根據下文的“fromonechaptertoanother,andtotheoutsideworld”可知大腦進行批判性思維讓文章的章節和外界建立聯系。故選B項。【45題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：隨著時間的推移，這些神經網絡可以促進更快的思考，并可能對認知衰退的最壞影響提供更大的防護。A.appeal上訴，吸引；B.struggle斗爭；C.defense防御；D.warning警告。根據下文的“againsttheworsteffectsofcognitivedecay”可知思維敏捷有助于抵御認知衰退。故選C項。【46題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：另外，閱讀書籍，尤其是小說，已被證明能增加共鳴和情商。A.Consequently因此；B.However然而；C.Besides除了；D.Instead相反。根據前文的“Forone,theresearchersassume,chapterbooksencourage‘deepreading’”以及上一段最后一句“Overtime,theseneuralnetworkscanpromotequickerthinkingandmayprovideagreater____5____againsttheworstef