Grammar:Infinitive第1頁不定式屬于非限定動詞。它除了不能做謂語外，在句中能夠充當任何成份，能夠作主語、表語、賓語、補語、定語和狀語。不定式的用法第2頁1.作主語:往往放在謂語動詞之后,用it作形式主語,為了防止句子頭重腳輕。

e.g.

Toseeistobelieve.Itisrighttogiveupsmoking.第3頁2.作賓語:作賓語時假如還帶有賓語補足語,往往把不定式放在補足語之后,而用it作形式賓語。

e.g.Hewantedtogo.Ifinditinterestingtostudy

English.

第4頁3.做賓語補足語

e.g.Heaskedmetodotheworkwithhim.

在feel,hear,listento,lookat,notice,observe,see,watch,have,let,make等詞后補足語中,不定式不帶to。不定式作賓語補足語省略to情況有以下口訣:一感二聽三讓五看半幫助。

不過這些句子假如變成被動結構時,就必須帶上to。

第5頁e.g.

Ioftenhearhimsingthesong.

Heisoftenheardtosingthesong.第6頁4.

作定語e.g.Ihavesomebooksforyoutoread.看成定語不定式假如是不及物動詞,或者不定式所修飾名詞或代詞是不定式動作地點,工具等時,不定式后面必須有對應介詞。e.g.Heislookingforaroomtolivein.第7頁看成定語不定式所修飾名詞或代詞是不定式動作承受者時,不定式即能夠用主動語態(tài),也能夠用被動語態(tài)。但含義有所不一樣。試比較:Haveyouanythingtosend?你有什么東西要(自己)寄嗎?Haveyouanythingtobesent?你有什么東西要(我或他人)寄嗎?第8頁5.作狀語,表示目標,原因,結果或條件。

e.g.Icameheretoseeyou.Wewereveryexcitedtofindnobodythere.Hehurriedtotheschooltofindnobodythere.

Tolookathim,youwouldlikehim.目標原因結果條件第9頁6.作表語

e.g.Myjobistohelpthepatient.

注意:

主,表都是不定式,前者為條件,后者為目標或結果。

e.g.Tolearnalanguageistouseit.第10頁不定式時態(tài)有：普通式、進行時、完成式和完成進行式。當不定式邏輯主語是不定式動作承受者時，不定式就要用被動形式。不定式時態(tài)和語態(tài)第11頁1.不定式普通式所表示動作通常與謂語動作(狀態(tài))同時(或幾乎同時)發(fā)生,或是在它之后發(fā)生。主動：e.g.I’mgladtomeetyou.被動：e.g.Therewasnothingtobedone.第12頁2.假如謂語表示動作發(fā)生時,不定式表示動作正在進行,這時要用進行時。e.g.Iamverygladtobeworkingwithyou.第13頁3.假如不定式動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞之前,就要用完成時。主動：e.g.I’msorrytohavekeptyouwaitingsolong.

被動：e.g.Theroomwassaidtohavebeencleaned.第14頁從A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出能夠填入空白處最正確選項。1.Thereweremanytalentedactorsouttherejustwaiting______.A.todiscover

B.tobediscovered

C.discovered

D.beingdiscoveredHaveatry第15頁2.Ihavealotofreadings______beforetheendofthisterm.

A.completing

B.tocomplete

C.completed

D.beingcompleted3.Hisfirstbook______nextmonthisbasedonatruestory.A.published

B.tobepublished

C.topublish

D.beingpublished第16頁4.Withtheworldchangingfast,wehavesomethingnew______withallbyourselveseveryday.A.deal

B.dealtC.todeal

D.dealing5.Ilikegettingupveryearlyinsummer.Themorningairissogood______.

A.tobebreathed

B.tobreatheC.breathing

D.beingbreathed第17頁Puttheverbsinbracketsintothecorrectinfinitiveforms.Itisfrightening________(walk)intheroadinasandstorm.IhopeIreachhomesoon.2.Expertshope_______(learn)moreaboutthemovementofsandstorms.towalktolearn

第18頁3.I’dlike__________(tell)aboutthesituationbeforenow.4.Theworkneeds_______________(complete)bytheendoftheweek.5.Myfatherwasoutofthecitywhenthesandstormcame.Hewasveryglad_____________(miss)it.tobetold

tobecompletedtohavemissed

第19頁6.Thebuildinghas_____________(finish)bytheendoftheyear.7.______(see)arealsandstormwasveryfrightening.tobefinished

Tosee

第20頁but后不定式情況：※cannothelpbut，cannotbut，cannotchoosebut后不定式通常不帶to，常譯為“不得不”。如:Sheisastrangegirl,yetyoucan’thelpbutlikeher.Whenthestreetsarefullofmeltingsnow,youcan’tbutgetyourshoeswet.but+不定式使用方法第21頁Wecan’tchoosebutadmitthatinsomewaystheyareaheadofus.※當but前有實義動詞do時，其后不定式通常不帶to，如:Theircarbrokedownontheway.Therewasnothingtodo

butwaitforhelp.Nowwecandonothingbut

trythismethod.第22頁※除上述情況外，用于but之后不定式通常都要帶to

，如：Stuckintheheavytraffic,wehadnochoicebuttowait.第23頁1.Sandycoulddonothingbut_____tohisteacherthathewaswrong.A.admitB.admittedC.admittingD.toadmitLet’strysomeexercises第24頁2.---Howdidyouspendyourweekend,Jone?---Ididn’tfindanythinginterestingforme___somewashinginsteadofmymother.A.butdidB.butdoC.butdoingD.buttodo第25頁3.Thestudentsdidnothingexcept____alldaylong.A.playedB.playingC.playD.toplay第26頁1.Ican’thelpbut(think/tothink)thatitwasamistake.2.Ican’t(chose/choose)butdoit.Underlinethecorrectanswer.

第27頁3.Hedoesnothingbut(complaining/complain).4.Ican’thelpbut(tolove/love)her.5.Theworkersdo(nothing/not)butdrinkteaandtalktoeachother.第28頁依據漢語提醒完成以下句子。1.我們只能嘗試這種方法。We____________________thismethod.2.我們只有面對現實。We______________thereality.3.這個女孩別無選擇只能等她媽媽回來。Thegirlhad_____________________tillhermothercameback.candonothingbuttry

can’tbutface

nochoicebuttowait第29頁綜合練習用括號內所給動詞或短語適當形式填空。1.I’msorryIcan’tattendyourwedding,forIhaveanimportantmeeting_______(attend).2.Theworkersweremade_______(work)overfourteenhoursaday.3.Yoursuitisabitsmallonyou.Youseem________(puton)weight.toattendtowork