溫馨提示：此套題為Word版，請按住Ctrl,滑動鼠標滾軸，調節合適的觀看比例，答案解析附后。關閉Word文檔返回原板塊。核心素養測評三十九選修8Modules1～3(限時35分鐘)Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2020·北京模擬)Wehopeyou’vefinallymadeyourpeacewithPlutobeingdowngradedfromaplanettoanicedwarf(冰矮星),becausewehavesomemorejarringnewsforyou:Itseemsyourteachersmayhavebeenwrongaboutthenumberofcontinentsontheearth,too.Earlierthisyear,scientistspublishedareportinthejournaloftheGeologicalSocietyofAmericadetailinganeighthcontinentcalledZealandia,roughlythesizeofIndiaandalmostpletelyhiditselfunderthePacificOceaneastofAustralia.CoveringallofNewZealandaswellasseveralnearbyislands,ZealandialikelyspentthebestofitsabovewaterdaysaspartofthesupercontinentGondwanabeforefragmentingoffAustraliaandAntarcticasome80millionyearsago.Thislost,underwatercontinentisjustbeginningtorevealitssecrets,makingforoneofthemostpromisingscientificdiscoveriesthisyear.Whileresearchershavebeenawareofthe1.9millionsquaremilemassfortwodecades,ZealandiahasonlyrecentlybeetheobjectofseriousstudysincetheGeologicalSocietypaperarguedthatitfitsallthecriteriaforapropercontinent,includingacontinentalcrust(地殼)that’sdistinctlyseparatefromtheseabedintermsofelevation,thickness,andgeology.Ateamof32scientistsfrom12countriesjustpletedtheirfirstvisittosixdigsitesaroundZealandia,wheretheydrilledupmorethan8,000feetofsedimentcores(沉積物巖心)thatwillhelpexplainthelostcontinent’s80millionyearhistory.Becausethereisnoofficialbodythatformallyrecognizescontinents,whetherornotZealandiaendsupinfuturegeographytextbookswilledowntoitsacceptancebythescientificmunityatlarge,possiblywithalittlehelpfromtravelerslikeyou.【文章大意】本文為說明文。眾所周知,地球上有七大洲,但是最近科學家們卻發現,地球上有可能存在第八大洲,就是現在新西蘭等周邊島嶼所在的地方,但尚待科學的進一步論證。1.WhydoestheauthormentionPluto?A.Toexpresshisorherpity.B.Tointroducethetopic.C.Togoagainsttheteachers.D.Toexplaintheicedwarf.【解析】選B。推理判斷題。從整篇文章來看,本篇文章主要是介紹可能存在的地球上的第八個大洲,這是令人吃驚的。第一段提到Pluto被降級這件事起初是非常吃驚的,但文章話鋒一轉提到地理上的大洲,從而引出本文話題。分析選項可知B符合題意,故選B。2.WhatdoweknowaboutZealandiainParagraph2?A.ItneighborsAustralia.B.ItbelongstoGondwananow.C.ItissimilartoAntarcticainsize.D.Ithasahistoryofover80billionyears.【解析】選A。推理判斷題。由第二段roughlythesizeofIndia表明它大體上與印度大小一致而不是南極洲,故C項不正確;“ZealandialikelyspentthebestofitsabovewaterdaysaspartofthesupercontinentGondwanabeforefragmentingoffAustraliaandAntarcticasome80millionyearsago”表明了它八千萬年以前與澳洲和南極洲同屬于古超級大陸岡瓦那大陸,故B和D項是錯誤的,A項正確。故選A。3.WhatcanmostprobablyhelpdiscovermoresecretsaboutZealandia?A.ThesedimentcoresonZealandia.B.ThewildlifeinNewZealand.C.Thestandardforacontinent.D.TheseabednearAntarctica.【解析】選A。細節理解題。根據第三段最后的“Ateamof32scientistsfrom12countriesjustpletedtheirfirstvisittosixdigsitesaroundZealandia,wheretheydrilledupmorethan8,000feetofsedimentcores(沉積物巖心)thatwillhelpexplainthelostcontinent’s80millionyearhistory”可知,通過獲得鉆出地下的沉積物巖心,科學家可以了解到具有八千萬年歷史的Zealandia的更多歷史。故選A。4.Wheredoesthetextprobablyefrom?A.Atravelbrochure.B.Anadvertisement.C.Angeographymagazine.D.Asciencefiction.【解析】選C。推理判斷題。本篇文章講述的是有關地理方面的一個隱藏很久的可能的世界第八大洲,就學科方面來講屬于地理方面的知識,因此,本篇文章很可能來自于某地理雜志。故選C。【知識拓展】長難句剖析Whileresearchershavebeenawareofthe1.9millionsquaremilemassfortwodecades,ZealandiahasonlyrecentlybeetheobjectofseriousstudysincetheGeologicalSocietypaperarguedthatitfitsallthecriteriaforapropercontinent,includingacontinentalcrust(地殼)that’sdistinctlyseparatefromtheseabedintermsofelevation,thickness,andgeology.分析:本句是一個復合句。句中while引導讓步狀語從句;since引導時間狀語從句;第一個that在句中引導賓語從句;第二個that引導定語從句。譯文:盡管研究人員已經關注190萬平方英里的塊狀陸地20年了,但是自從地質學會論文認為它符合所有成為一個大陸的標準以來,Zealandia只是在最近才得以成為認真研究的對象,這些標準,包括大陸地殼的海底割裂開來的海拔高度,厚度和地質方面。B導學號Inrecentyears,cursive(草書的)writinghasslowlydisappearedfromournationalschoolcurriculums.ButcursivewritingismakingaebackatoneNewYorkCityschool.Fox’sAudreyPuenteexplainswhytheschoolisturningbacktimetohelpitsstudentsinthefuture.AprincipalinBrooklynishelpingstudentsmovetowardsthefuturebyturningbacktime.“It’ssuperimportantthatweallthinkaboutputtingitbackintotheschoolsystem.”CherylLundySwiftistheprincipaloftheSummitAcademyCharterSchoolinRedHook.Shesayscursivewritingisaskillthat’sstillworthteaching.“Therearemany,manyjobsthatrequirehandwriting...doctors,teachers,nurses.It’sreallyimportantfromalifeskillsperspective,”LundySwiftsaid.EighthgraderTiyeLaWilliamsagrees.“Mostofthetimewhenteachersgradeyourworkandgiveyoufeedback,it’sincursive.Youhavetoreaditandunderstandit.”Williamssaid.CursivewritinghasbeenintheU.S.schoolsforover300years.Untilthe1970s,beautifulhandwritingwasaseparatelessonandevengivenaseparategradeonreportcards.Today,moretimeisgiventotechnology—possiblyaffectingthestudyofhistoricaldocuments.“LiketheDeclarationofIndependence,forexample,isinfactwrittenincursive.It’simportantforthemtolookatthatdocumentandnotthinkit’saforeignlanguagetothem,”LundySwiftsaid.“IfIknowhowtowriteinit,Icanreaditbetter.”Abinationofmunicationstrategieswouldbetterservestudents.“Ireallywantourscholarstobeabletomunicateeffectively,leadingthewayforconfidentfutureleaders.Intoday’sworld,thatshouldbehandwriting,keyboarding,tabletsandsuch,”LundySwiftsaid.“Itreallyshowsotherpeoplewhatwe’rereallycapableof.”【文章大意】本文是一篇議論文。文章論述了學校要重視草書學習的理由,紐約一所中學的校長提出草書學習的幾個重要性。5.WhatdoesCherylLundySwiftthinkofcursivewriting?A.Itisanimportantlifeskill.B.Itwasonlyusefulinhistory.C.Itneedslearningforleaders.D.Itisfamiliartothestudents.【解析】選A。細節理解題。根據第二段“Shesayscursivewritingisaskillthat’sstillworthteaching.‘Therearemany,manyjobsthatrequirehandwriting...doctors,teachers,nurses.It’sreallyimportantfromalifeskillsperspective,’LundySwiftsaid.”可知,LundySwift認為:草書寫作是一種仍然值得教授的技能,有很多工作都需要手寫。故選A。6.Whydoestheeighthgraderfeelitnecessarytolearncursivewriting?A.Teacherscangivestudentsquickfeedback.B.Theteacherswillgivethemgoodgrades.C.Studentscan’tunderstanditinclass.D.Theteachersusuallyuseitinteaching.【解析】選D。細節理解題。根據第三段“‘Mostofthetimewhenteachersgradeyourworkandgiveyoufeedback,it’sincursive.Youhavetoreaditandunderstandit.’Williamssaid.”可知,這個8年級的學生威廉認為,大多數時候老師都用草書給學生作業評分、反饋等,所以學生必須要讀懂老師的話。故選D。7.WhyistheDeclarationofIndependenceusedasanexampleinParagraph4?A.ToencouragestudentstostudyAmericanhistoricaldocuments.B.Tointroducetherelationshipbetweencursivewritingandhistory.C.Toshowignoringcursivewritingaffectsthestudyofhistoricaldocuments.D.Tostresstheimportancetostudycursiveinsteadoftechnology.【解析】選C。推理判斷題。根據第四段“Today,moretimeisgiventotechnology—possiblyaffectingthestudyofhistoricaldocuments.‘LiketheDeclarationofIndependence,forexample,isinfactwrittenincursive.It’simportantforthemtolookatthatdocumentandnotthinkit’saforeignlanguagetothem,’LundySwiftsaid.”可知,用獨立宣言做例子是說明:美國很多文獻都是用草書寫的,今天,大家忽視草書、更多關注現在技術,這樣導致他們讀不懂文獻。故選C。8.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Aprincipal’sdecisionmadeforherstudents.B.Thereasonsofaschool’steachingcursivewriting.C.Abinationofcursivewritingandtechnology.D.Thepopularityofcursivewritingatschool.【解析】選B。文章大意題。根據全文大意,尤其第一段第二、三句話“ButcursivewritingismakingaebackatoneNewYorkCityschool.Fox’sAudreyPuenteexplainswhytheschoolisturningbacktimetohelpitsstudentsinthefuture.”點出全文的主題,由此可知,草書書寫正在紐約市的一所學校卷土重來。福克斯的奧黛麗·普恩特解釋了為什么學校要重新去重視草書教育來幫助學生。故選B。Ⅱ.完形填空(2020·鄭州模擬)Ihadnoideashewouldbethere.Myapologiesforher1hadbeenprepared.

Whenmyteacherannouncedthatwewouldbehavinga(n)2motherdaughtertea,Ifelt3Iwouldnotbeservingmymotheratthisspecialevent.SoIwillneverforget4thebeautifullydecoratedgymandthereshewas,sittingcalmly,and5!AsIlookedather,Iimaginedallthearrangementsthis6womanmusthavehadtomaketobeabletobewithmeforthatonehour.

Whowas7granny?Shewasillinbed,andMomhadtodoeverythingforher.Howdidshegethere?Wedidn’townacar,andshecouldn’t8ataxi.Itwasalongwalktogetthebus,plusatleastfivemoreblockstothe9.

Andtheprettydressshewas10,redwithtinywhiteflowers,wasjustrightforthetea.Therewasnomoneyforextraclothes,andIknewshehadgoneinto11againtohaveit.

Iwassoproud!Iservedherteawitha12,thankfulheart,andintroducedhertothegroupwhenour13came.Isatwithmymotherthatday,justliketherestofthe14,andthatwasvery15tome.Thelookofloveinhereyestoldmeshe16.

Ihaveneverforgotten.Oneofthe17ImadetomyselfandtomychildrenwasthatIwouldalwaysbethereforthem.Thatpromiseis18tokeepintoday’sbusyworld.ButIhavea(n)19beforemethatputsany20excusestorest.Ijustrecallagainwhenmothercametotea.

【文章大意】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了媽媽排除一切困難陪女兒參加茶會的故事。1.A.absenceB.errorC.lateness D.rudeness【解析】選A。根據上下文可知,“我”原以為媽媽會缺席茶會。absence缺席;error錯誤;lateness遲到;rudeness粗魯。故選A。2.A.urgent B.formalC.private D.frequent【解析】選B。根據下文中的beautifullydecoratedgym和Andtheprettydressshewas...wasjustrightforthetea可知,這次茶會很正式。urgent緊急的;formal正式的;private私人的;frequent頻繁的。故選B。3.A.proud B.angryC.certain D.embarrassed【解析】選C。聯系上文中的Myapologiesforherhadbeenprepared可知,“我”確信媽媽一定不會來參加這個活動。proud驕傲的;angry生氣;certain確信;embarrassed困窘的。故選C。

4.A.stayingat B.returningtoC.walkinginto D.droppinginto【解析】選C。根據下文中的thereshewas,sittingcalmly可知,“我”走進裝飾華美的體育館時看到媽媽坐在那里。stayingat住在;returningto回到;walkinginto走入;droppinginto偶然進入。故選C。5.A.sobbing B.smilingC.singing D.suffering【解析】選B。聯系上文中的sittingcalmly和下文中的Thelookofloveinhereyes可知,媽媽當時安靜地坐在那里,微笑著。sobbing啜泣;smiling微笑;singing唱歌;suffering受苦。故選B。6.A.educated B.lonelyC.strange D.great【解析】選D。媽媽排除萬難來參加女兒的茶會,因此在女兒眼中,媽媽是“偉大的”。educated受過教育的;lonely孤獨的;strange奇怪的;great偉大的。故選D。7.A.attendingon B.laughingatC.cheeringfor D.chattingwith【解析】選A。根據下文中的Shewasillinbed,andMomhadtodoeverythingforher.可知,“我”擔心媽媽走后誰來照顧奶奶。attendon照料;laughat嘲笑;cheerfor加油;chatwith閑談。故選A。8.A.advance B.affordC.admit D.arrange【解析】選B。根據上文中的Wedidn’townacar和下文中的Itwasalongwalktogetthebus可知,媽媽沒有能力支付打車費。advance前進;afford支付;admit承認;arrange安排。故選B。9.A.home B.stationC.school D.market【解析】選C。根據上文中的myteacherannouncedthatwewouldbehavingaformalmotherdaughtertea可知,媽媽來學校參加茶會。home家;station車站;school學校;market市場。故選C。10.A.wearing B.makingC.designing D.holding【解析】選A。根據下文中的wasjustrightforthetea可知,媽媽穿著的這件漂亮的禮服很適合茶會。wearing穿;making制作;designing設計;holding拿著。故選A。11.A.detail B.businessC.action D.debt【解析】選D。根據上文中的Therewasnomoneyforextraclothes可知,為了買這件衣服,媽媽又負債了。detail細節;business生意;action行動;debt債務。故選D。12.A.strong B.braveC.happy D.broken【解析】選C。媽媽穿著得體地來參加茶會,這讓女兒感到很幸福。strong強壯的;brave勇敢的;happy幸福的;broken破碎的。故選C。13.A.turn B.chanceC.message D.decision【解析】選A。在茶會上應該是輪流作介紹,所以當“輪到”我們的時候,“我”懷著一顆感恩的心把媽媽介紹給大家。turn輪次;chance機會;message信息;decision決定。故選A。14.A.team B.panyC.family D.class【解析】選D。根據上文中的myteacherannouncedthatwewouldbehavingaformalmotherdaughtertea可知,參加茶會的都是“班上(class)”的女同學和她們的媽媽。team團隊;pany公司;family家;class班級。故選D。15.A.annoying B.importantC.interesting D.surprising【解析】選B。根據上文中的Iwassoproud!Iservedherteawithahappy,thankfulheart可知,能像其他同學一樣和媽媽坐在一起參加茶會,這對于“我”來說“很重要(important)”。annoying討厭的;important重要的;interesting有趣的;surprising奇怪的。故選B。16.A.understood B.acceptedC.agreed D.remembered【解析】選A。根據上文中的Thelookofloveinhereyes可知,媽媽理解我的心思。understand理解;accept接受;agree同意;remember記住。故選A。17.A.choices B.mistakesC.efforts D.promises【解析】選D。下文中的Iwouldalwaysbethereforthem是“我”對自己和孩子們許下的“諾言(promises)”。后文的“promise”亦是提示。choices選擇;mistakes錯誤;efforts努力;promises允諾。故選D。18.A.unfair B.difficultC.false D.wise【解析】選B。根據下文中的intoday’sbusyworld可知,在如今這個忙碌的世界,遵守這樣的諾言很“難(difficult)”。unfair不公平的;difficult困難的;false錯誤的;wise聰明的。故選B。19.A.role B.ruleC.lesson D.example【解析】選D。根據下文中的Ijustrecallagainwhenmothercametotea可知,媽媽給“我”樹立了一個“榜樣(example)”。role角色;rule規則;lesson課程;example例子。故選D。20.A.awkward B.politeC.poor D.meaningful【解析】選C。根據下文中的excusestorest可知,這些借口是“沒有說服力的(poor)”。awkward尷尬的;polite禮貌的;poor貧乏的,沒有說服力的;meaningful有意義的。故選C。Ⅲ.語法填空閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。ClassicalChinesegardendesignaimstocreateanaturallandscapeonasmallscaleandemphasizetheperfectharmonybetweenmanandnature.AChinesegarden1.(be)likeascroll(卷軸)painting,2.(show)aseriesofcarefullyposedscenes.Newviewsarerevealedasonewalksalongthepathways.Inthegardens,3.mostfrequentlymeetstheeyeiswindingpathsthatseeminglyleadtonowhere.There,apathseemstoend,butallof4.sudden,anewworldisrolledoutbeforeyou:pavilions(亭子),rockformationsandspringwater—allbinedtoprovideap