Module12HelpUnit1Whatshouldwedobeforehelparrives？①broken考點(diǎn)1broken/'br??k?n/adj.破碎的e.g.Becareful!Therearesomepiecesofbrokenglassontheground.小心！地上有些玻璃碎片。Howdidhisleggetbroken?他的腿是怎么斷的？TheTV’sbroken.電視機(jī)壞了。Whobrokethewindow?誰(shuí)打破了窗戶？brokenadj.破碎的傷殘的出了毛病的breakv.打破，打碎（過去式broke,過去分詞broken）②glass考點(diǎn)2glass/ɡlɑ?s/n.玻璃e.g.Thetoyismadeofglass.這個(gè)玩具是用玻璃做成的。Mr.Wangwearsapairofglasses.王老師戴著一副眼鏡。Therearetwoglassesonthetable.桌子上有兩個(gè)玻璃杯。③Thismorning’sclassisaboutfirstaid,orgivingsomeonebasicmedicalhelp.考點(diǎn)3aid/e?d/n.救助;幫助e.g.Thisjobwouldbeimpossiblewithouttheaidofacomputer.這項(xiàng)工作沒有計(jì)算機(jī)的幫助是不行的。It’snecessarytoknowhowtodofirstaid.知道如何急救是有必要的。Tonyhadtoaidhislittlebrotherinlookingforthetoycar.托尼不得不幫助他的弟弟找玩具汽車。aid名詞輔助設(shè)備（可數(shù)）援助；幫助（不可數(shù)）firstaid急救with/withouttheaidof...在…的幫助下/沒有…的幫助inaidof為了幫助……ahearingaid一個(gè)助聽器aid動(dòng)詞aidsb./sth.indoingsth.援助某人/物做某事aidsb./sth.insth.援助某人/物做某事aidsb.withsth.幫助某人做某事④Let’simagineanaccident.考點(diǎn)4imagine/?'m?d??n/v.想象；設(shè)想e.g.—Canyouimaginelifeonthemoon?你能想象月球上的生活嗎？—Yes,ofcourse.Ialwaysimaginewalkingonthemoon.是的，當(dāng)然（能）。我總是想象在月球上漫步。Noonecanimaginewhatwouldhappennext.沒有人能想象接下來(lái)會(huì)發(fā)生什么。⑤Firstofall,findoutwhat’swrongwithhim.考點(diǎn)5firstofall首先；第一；最重要first

of

all

意為“首先”，強(qiáng)調(diào)要談到的第一件事，強(qiáng)調(diào)順序。at

first

意為“最初；一開始”，暗示后來(lái)情況有變化。e.g.Firstofall,we’dliketoshowourthanksforyourgifts.首先，我們想對(duì)你的禮物表示感謝。Atfirst,I’dliketowatchamovie,butlaterIdecidedtotakepartintheparty.起初，我想去看電影，但是后來(lái)我決定去參加聚會(huì)?？键c(diǎn)6What’swrongwith...?……怎么了？e.g.—What’swrong?Youlookverypale.你怎么了？你臉色很蒼白?！狪haveabadcold.我得了重感冒?！猈hat’swrongwiththecomputer?這臺(tái)電腦怎么了？—Itdoesn’twork.它不工作了。表示“……怎么了？”的其他常用句型：①What’sthematterwith...?②What’sthetroublewith...?③What’stheproblemwith...?④Whathappens/happenedto...?（to為介詞）⑥Buthecouldhavetroublehearingyouorspeakingtoyou.考點(diǎn)7trouble/'tr?bl/n.問題；煩惱；困難e.g.Wehavenotroublefindingtherightwaytothemuseum.我們沒費(fèi)什么勁就找到了去博物館的正確路線。Ihavetroublewithmyknee.我膝蓋痛。We’llbeinbigtroubleifMrElliottfindsout.如果被埃利奧特先生發(fā)現(xiàn)，我們的麻煩就大了。拓展：trouble作名詞時(shí)，其他常見搭配：getinto/outoftrouble陷入/擺脫困境；notrouble不麻煩trouble的用法：havetroublewithsb./sth.同某人有紛爭(zhēng)/有……的病痛havetrouble(in)doingsth.做某事有困難beintrouble處于不幸/苦惱/困境之中⑦Lifthimupandsithimonachair?考點(diǎn)8liftup抬起；提起e.g.I’mstrongenoughtoliftupabigbox.我足夠強(qiáng)壯，可以舉起一個(gè)大箱子。Liftyourfootup.You’retramplingonmydress.抬起你的腳。你踩在我的連衣裙上了。liftup為“動(dòng)詞+副詞”短語(yǔ)，當(dāng)liftup的賓語(yǔ)是名詞時(shí)，名詞既可放在動(dòng)詞與副詞中間，也可放在副詞后面。⑧No,thatcouldbeharmful!考點(diǎn)9harmful/'hɑ?mfl/adj.有害的反義詞harmlessharmn.傷害harm常構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)或結(jié)構(gòu)：doharmto對(duì)……有害；There’snoharmindoingsth.做某事也無(wú)妨。e.g.Pollutedairandwaterareharmfultopeople’shealth.受到污染的空氣和水對(duì)人們的健康是有害的。Trytochooseproductsthatdotheleastharmtotheenvironment.盡量選擇對(duì)環(huán)境損害最小的產(chǎn)品。There’snoharmintrying.試試也無(wú)妨。⑨Youcoulddrophimandhurthimevenmore.考點(diǎn)10drop/dr?p/v.使落下；投下e.g.Thegroupgetssmallerasmembersmoveawayordropout.隨著成員搬走或退出，這個(gè)團(tuán)體的規(guī)模變小了。常用短語(yǔ):dropby順便拜訪；dropinonsb.順便拜訪某人；dropinatsp.順便拜訪某處；dropout(ofsth.)退出，脫離（某處）。拓展：drop還可作可數(shù)名詞，意為“滴；少量；減少”。e.g.Asthefirstdropsofrainbegantofall,Michaelstartedtorun.剛有雨滴落下，邁克爾就開始跑了起來(lái)。adropintheocean;adropinthebucket滄海一粟；九牛一毛adropintemperature氣溫下降⑩Coverhimwithacoat.考點(diǎn)11cover/'k?v?/n.封面，封皮；v.蓋，蓋上cover...with...用……把……蓋?。ū硎緞?dòng)作）becoveredwith被……蓋?。ū硎緺顟B(tài)）e.g.Snowcoveredtheground.雪覆蓋了大地。Thewindblewinfromthedesertandcoveredeverythingwithsand.風(fēng)從沙漠那邊吹來(lái)，把一切都蒙上了一層沙子。Theboardwascoveredwithmessages.布告欄上貼滿了信息。Herfacewasonthecoverofeverymagazine.各種雜志的封面都有她的頭像。?That’ssuchgoodadvicethatyoucouldbeadoctor,Betty!考點(diǎn)12such...that...如此……以至于……such

+

a/an

+

形容詞+

可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+

that

從句

形容詞+

不可數(shù)名詞/

可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)+that

從句so

+

形容詞+

a/an+

可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+

that

從句

形容詞/

副詞+

that

從句e.g.TherearesuchnicepeoplethatIwanttomakefriendswiththem.他們?nèi)巳绱撕?，以至于我想和他們交朋友。Itissuchahotday/sohotadaythatfewpeoplecomeout.天這么熱，以至于很少有人白天出來(lái)。Tomwassoangrythathecouldn’tsayaword.湯姆很生氣，以至于一句話也說(shuō)不出來(lái)。Therewassomuchsmokethattheycouldn’tseethedoor.濃煙密布，他們看不到門在哪里。Unit2Stayawayfromwindowsandheavyfurniture.①...soitisdifficulttowarnpeopleaboutthem.考點(diǎn)1warn/w??n/v.警告；告誡warnsb.nottodosth.與warnsb.againstdoingsth.同義warn后可以接that從句作賓語(yǔ)warnsb.（not）todo告誡某人（別）做……warnsb.of/aboutsth.警告某人關(guān)于某事e.g.Ourteacherwarnedusnottoplayfootballonthestreet.=Ourteacherwarnedusagainstplayingfootballonthestreet.我們老師警告我們不要在街上踢足球。Wewarnedthemthattherewasabullinthefield.我們提醒他們，田里有一頭公牛。Theywarnedhimofthedanger.他們警告他有危險(xiǎn)。②Inside考點(diǎn)2inside/'?nsa?d/prep.在……里面；adv.在里面；n.里面，內(nèi)部；adj.內(nèi)部的e.g.Sheshookittomakesuretherewasnothinginside.她把它晃了晃，以確定里面沒有東西。Thedoorwaslockedfromtheinside.門從里面鎖上了。John,you’dbetterwaitformeinsidetheoffice.約翰，你最好在辦公室里等我。Iwasdrivingontheinsidelane.我當(dāng)時(shí)駕車在慢車道上行駛。③Hideunderatable.考點(diǎn)3under/'?nd?/prep.在……正下方，在……下面below與under均可表示數(shù)量方面的“少于”，under更常用。e.g.Hecan’tbemuchbelow/undersixty.他的年齡不可能比60歲小很多。表示溫度“零度以下”要用belowzero。④Stayawayfromwindowsandheavyfurniture.考點(diǎn)4stayawayfrom...遠(yuǎn)離……同義短語(yǔ)：keepawayfrom...awayfrom意為“從……離開，相距”，常與具體數(shù)詞或動(dòng)詞連用。e.g.Stayawayfromthedog.Itmaybiteyou.離那狗遠(yuǎn)點(diǎn)。它可能會(huì)咬你。Thebusstationistwokilometersawayfromhere.公交車站距離這里兩公里。Themotherpulledthechildawayfromthefirejustintime.母親正好及時(shí)把孩子從火旁拉開。⑤Keepclearoffires.考點(diǎn)5keepclearof...避開；不和……接觸e.g.Keepclearofthedooroftheelevator.不要靠近電梯的門。Iclearedmydeskofpapers.我清理好了寫字臺(tái)上的文件。Clearallthosepapersoffthetable.把桌子上所有那些文件都拿走。clear的其他常見用法：形容詞aclearday晴朗的一天clearwater清澈的水動(dòng)詞clearthetable收拾桌子Thehazeclears.霧霾散去。clearsth.ofsth.清理某物上的某物clearsth.from/offsth.把某物從某物上清理下來(lái)⑥Keepcalm,especiallywhenyouarewithotherpeople.考點(diǎn)6keep/ki?p/v.保持，留在keep后可接形容詞作表語(yǔ)keep的其他常見結(jié)構(gòu)：keepsb./sth.+adj./adv./介詞短語(yǔ)使某人/某物保持某種狀態(tài)keepsb./sth.doingsth.使某人/某物一直做某事keep(on)doingsth.繼續(xù)/一直做某事keepsb./sth.fromdoingsth.阻止某人/某物做某事e.g.Youmustlookafteryourselfandkeephealthy.你一定要照顧自己，保持身體健康。Pleasekeepyourhandsbehindyourback.請(qǐng)把手放在背后。Don’tkeepthemworkingdayandnight.不要讓他們不分白天黑夜來(lái)工作。Theoldwomankeepsonstandingtherestill.那個(gè)老太太一直站在那里，一動(dòng)也不動(dòng)。Thechurchbellskeepmefromsleeping.教堂的鐘聲使我不能入睡?？键c(diǎn)7calm/kɑ?m/adj.鎮(zhèn)靜的；沉著的e.g.Heansweredwithacalmvoice.他以平靜的聲音回答。Hetookafewdeepbreathstocalmhimselfdown.他深深地吸了幾口氣，使自己平靜下來(lái)。⑦Bebraveandbehelpful.考點(diǎn)8brave/bre?v/adj.勇敢的e.g.Itwasbraveofyoutospeakinfrontofallthosepeople.你很勇敢，能在那么多人面前說(shuō)話?？键c(diǎn)9helpful/'helpfl/adj.有用的；有幫助的;愿意幫忙的e.g.Itishelpfultodiscussyourproblemswithyourfriends.和你的朋友商量你的問題是有幫助的。She’sahelpfulchild.她是個(gè)樂于助人的孩子。⑧Inthemountains,becarefuloffallingrocks.考點(diǎn)10becarefulof...小心……becarefulwith小心（對(duì)待）……becareful(not)todosth.小心（不要）做某事e.g.Becareful!Don’tbreakthenewcamera.小心！不要摔壞了這個(gè)新相機(jī)。Becarefulofthetraffic.注意交通安全。Tony,becarefulwithyourthings.托尼，小心保管你的東西。Becarefulnottogooutaloneatnight,Kate.凱特，小心不要夜里單獨(dú)外出。⑨Inshort,followwhatyoulearntinschool.考點(diǎn)11inshort總之=inawordbeshortof缺少forshort簡(jiǎn)稱beshortfor是……的縮寫e.g.Inshort,thisbookisexcellent.It’sworthreading.總之，這本書很好，值得一看?！癟elephone”iscalled“phone”forshort.Telephone簡(jiǎn)稱為phone。It’sterribleforustobeshortofwater.沒有水對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)是可怕的。BYDisshortfor“buildyourdreams”.比亞迪（BYD）是“塑造夢(mèng)想”(buildyourdreams)的縮寫。Unit3Languageinuse①inpain考點(diǎn)1inpain在痛苦中e.g.I’mwoundedandinpain.我受傷了，而且很疼。in表示“處于……”狀態(tài)中insafety在安全中；inneed在危難中；introuble在困境中；inpeace安靜地；indanger在危險(xiǎn)中。②Myfathercalledforhelponhismobilephone.考點(diǎn)2callfor要求；需要e.g.Yourplanwillcallforalotofmoney.你的計(jì)劃會(huì)需要許多錢。callsb.up給某人打電話callout大聲叫喚③Tilly’steacherwasveryproudofher.考點(diǎn)3beproudof為……感到驕傲bep