英語

考核目標與要求

一、語言知識

要求考生掌握并能運用英語語音、詞匯、語法基礎知識以及所學功能意念和話題(見

附錄1至附錄5),要求詞匯量為3500左右。

二、語言運用

1.聽力

要求考生能聽懂所熟悉話題的簡短獨白和對話。考生應能：

(1)理解主旨要義；

(2)獲取具體的事實性信息；

(3)對所聽內容做出推斷；

(4)理解說話者的意圖、觀點和態度。

2.閱讀

要求考生能讀懂書、報、雜志中關于一般性話題的簡短文段以及公告、說明、廣告等,

并能從中獲取相關信息。考生應能：

(1)理解主旨要義；

(2)理解文中具體信息；

(3)根據上下文推斷單詞和短語的含義；

(4)做出判斷和推理；

(5)理解文章的基本結構；

(6)理解作者的意圖、觀點和態度。

3.寫作

要求考生根據提示進行書面表達。考生應能：

(1)清楚、連貫地傳遞信息，表達意思；

(2)有效運用所學語言知識。

4.口語

要求考生根據提示進行口頭表達。考生應能：

(1)詢問或傳遞事實性信息，表達意思和想法；

1

（2）做到語音、語調自然;

（3）做到語言運用得體；

（4）使用有效的交際策略。

2

附錄1語音項目表

1.基本讀音

(1)26個字母的讀音

(2)元音字母在重讀音節中的讀音

(3)元音字母在輕讀音節中的讀音

(4)元音字母組合在重讀音節中的讀音

(5)常見的元音字母組合在輕讀音節中的讀音

(6)輔音字母組合的讀音

(7)輔音連綴的讀音

(8)成節音的讀音

2.重音

(1)單詞重音

(2)句子重音

3.讀音的變化

(1)連讀

(2)失去爆破

⑶弱讀

⑷同化

4.語調與節奏

(1)意群與停頓

⑵語調

⑶節奏

5.語音、語調、重音、節奏等在口語交流中的運用

6.朗誦和演講中的語音技巧

7.主要英語國家的英語語音差異

3

附錄2語法項目表

1.名詞

(1)可數名詞及其單復數

(2)不可數名詞

(3)專有名詞

(4)名詞所有格

2.代詞

(1)人稱代詞

(2)物主代詞

(3)反身代詞

(4)指示代詞

(5)不定代詞

(6)疑問代詞

3.數詞

(1)基數詞

⑵序數詞

4.介詞和介詞短語

5.連詞

6.形容詞(比較級和最高級)

7.副詞(比較級和最高級)

8.冠詞

9.動詞

(1)動詞的基本形式

(2)系動詞

(3)及物動詞和不及物動詞

(4)助動詞

(5)情態動詞

10.時態

(1)一般現在時

(2)一般過去時

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(3)一般將來時

(4)現在進行時

(5)過去進行時

(6)過去將來時

(7)將來進行時

(8)現在完成時

(9)過去完成時

(10)現在完成進行時

11.被動語態

12.非謂語動詞

(1)動詞不定式

⑵動詞的-ing形式

(3)動詞的-ed形式

13.構詞法

(1)合成法

(2)派生法

(3)轉化法

(4)縮寫和簡寫

14.句子種類

(1)陳述句

⑵疑問句

(3)祈使句

(4)感嘆句

15.句子成分

⑴主語

(2)謂語

⑶表語

⑷賓語

(5)定語

(6)狀語

⑺補語

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16.簡單句的基本句型

17.主謂一致

18.并列復合句

19.主從復合句

(1)賓語從句

(2)狀語從句

(3)定語從句

(4)主語從句

(5)表語從句

20.間接引語

21.省略

22.倒裝

23.強調

24.虛擬語氣

6

附錄3功能意念項目表

1.社會交往(SocialCommunications)

⑴問候(Greetings)

(2)介紹(Introduction)

(3)告別(Farewells)

(4)感謝(Thanks)

⑸i&M(Apologies)

(6)邀請(Invitation)

(7)請求允許(Askingforpermission)

(8)祝愿和祝賀(Expressingwishesandcongratulations)

(9)提供幫助(Offeringhelp)

(10)接受和拒絕(Acceptanceandrefusal)

(11)約會(Makingappointments)

(12)打電話(Makingtelephonecalls)

(13)就餐(Havingmeals)

(14)就醫(Seeingthedoctor)

(15)購物(Shopping)

(16)問路(Askingtheway)

(17)談論天氣(Talkingaboutweather)

(18)語言交際困難(Languagedifficultiesincommunication)

(19)提醒注意(Reminding)

(20)警告和禁止(Warningandprohibition)

(21)勸告(Advice)

(22)建議(Suggestions)

2.態度(Attitudes)

(23)同意和不同意(Agreementanddisagreement)

(24)喜歡和不喜歡(Likesanddislikes)

(25)肯定和不肯定(Certaintyanduncertainty)

(26)可能和不可能(Possibilityandimpossibility)

(27)能夠和不能夠(Abilityandinability)

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(28)偏愛和優先選擇(Preference)

(29)意愿和打算(Intentionsandplans)

(30)希望和愿望(Hopesandwishes)

(31)表揚和鼓勵(Praiseandencouragement)

(32)責備和抱怨(Blameandcomplaint)

(33)冷淡(Indifference)

(34)判斷與評價(Judgementandevaluation)

3.情感(Emotions)

(35)高興(Happiness)

(36)驚奇(Surprise)

(37)憂慮(Worries)

(38)安慰(Reassurance)

(39)滿意(Satisfaction)

(40)遺憾(Regret)

(41)同情(Sympathy)

(42)恐懼(Fear)

(43)憤怒(Anger)

4.時間(Time)

(44)時刻(Pointoftime)

(45)時段(Duration)

(46)頻度(Frequency)

(47)時序(Sequence)

5.空間(Space)

(48)位置(Position)

(49)方向(Direction)

(50)距離(Distance)

6.存在(Existence)

(51)存在與不存在(ExistenceandNon-existence)

7.特征(Features)

(52)形狀(Shape)

(53)顏色(Colour)

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(54)材料(Material)

(55)價格(Price)

(56)規格(Size)

(57)年齡(Age)

8.計量(Measuremenl)

(58)長度(Length)

(59)寬度(Width)

(60)高度(Height)

(61)數量(Number)

9.比較(Comparison)

(62)同級比較(Equalcomparison)

(63)差別比較(Comparativeandsuperlative)

(64)相似和差別(Similarityanddifference)

10.邏輯關系(Logicalrelations)

(65)原因和結果(Causeandeffect)

(66)目的(Purpose)

11.職業(Occupations)

(67)工作(Jobs)

(68)單位(Employer)

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附錄4話題項目表

1.個人情況(Personalinformation)

2.家庭、朋友與周圍的人(Family,friendsandpeoplearound)

3.周圍的環境(Personalenvironments)

4.日常活動(Dailyroutines)

5.學校生活(Schoollife)

6.興趣與愛好(Interestsandhobbies)

7.個人感情(Emotions)

8.人際關系(Interpersonalrelationships)

9.計劃與愿望(Plansandintentions)

10.節假日活動(Festivals,holidaysandcelebrations)

11.(Shopping)

12.飲食(Foodanddrink)

13.健康(Health)

14.天氣(Weather)

15.文娛與體育(Enterlainmenlandsports)

16.旅游和交通(Travelandtransport)

17.語言學習(Languagelearning)

18.自然(Nature)

19.世界與環境(Theworldandtheenvironment)

20.科普知識與現代技術(Popularscienceandmoderntechnology)

21.熱點話題(Topicalissues)

22.歷史與地理(Historyandgeography)

23.社會(Society)

24.文學與藝術(Literatureandart)

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附錄5詞匯表

Aaccommodationn

a(an)artaccompanyv

abandonvaccomplishv

abilitynaccountn

ableaaccountantn

abnormalaaccumulatev

aboardprepaccuracyn

abolishvaccuratea

abortion/?accusev

aboutad&prepaccustomeda

aboveprep,a&adachev&n

abroadadachievev

abruptaachievementn

absencenacida

absentaacknowledgev

absoluteaacquaintancen

absorbvacquirev

abstracta&nacquisitionn

absurdaacren

abundantaacrossprep

abusevact/?<6v

academica&nactionn

academynactivea

acceleratevactivityn

accentnactorn

acceptvactressn

accessn&vactuala

accessibleaacutea

accidentnADabbr

11

ad=advertisementnaffordv

adaptvafraida

adaptationnAfrican

addvAfricana&n

addictedaafterad,prep&conj

additionnafternoonn

addressnafterward(s)ad

adequateaagainad

adjustvagainstprep

adjustmentnagen

administrationnagencyn

admirableaagendan

admirevagentn

admissionnaggressivea

admitvagoad

adolescencenagreev

adolescenta&nagreementn

adoptvagriculturala

adorevagriculturen

adultnaheadad

advancev&naidn&v

advantagenAIDSn

adventurenaimn&v

advertisevairn

advertisementnaircraftn

advicenairlinen

advisevairmailn

advocatevairplanen

affairnairportn

affectvairspacen

affectionnalarmn&v

12

albumnamazinga

alcoholnambassadorn

alcoholica&nambassadressn

algebranambiguousa

alikeadambitionn

aliveaambulancen

allad,a&pronAmerican

allergicaamongprep

alleynamountn&v

allocatevamplea

allowvamusev

allowancenamusementn

almostadanalysev

aloneaanalysisn

alongad&prepancestorn

alongsideadanchorv&n

aloudadancienta

alphabetnandconj

alreadyadanecdoten

alsoadangern

alternativeaanglen

althoughconjangrya

altitudenanimaln

altogetheradanklen

aluminiumanniversaryn

(Amaluminum)nannouncev

alwaysadannoyv

amv(be)annuala

a.m./am,A.M./AMabbranothera&pron

amateuraanswern&v

amazevantn

13

Antarcticaappropriatea

antiquenapprovaln

anxietynapprovev

anxiousaapproximatelyad

anypron&aapronn

anybodypronarbitrarya

anyhowadarchn

anyonepronarchitectn

anythingpronarchitecturen

anywayadArctica

anywhereadarev(be)

apartad&aarean

apartmentnarguev

apologizevargumentn

apologynarise(arose,arisen)v

apparentaarithmeticn

appealv&narmn&v

appearvarmchairn

appearancenarmyn

appendixnaroundad&prep

appetitenarrangev

applaudv&narrangementn

applenarrestv

applicantnarrivaln

applicationnarrivev

applyvarrown

appointvartn

appointmentnarticlen

appreciatevartificiala

appreciationnartistn

approachn&vasad.conj&prep

14

ashnattendv

ashamedaattentionn

Asianattituden

Asiana&nattractv

asideadattractionn

askvattractivea

asleepaaudiencen

aspectnauntn

assessvauthentica

assessmentnauthorn

assistvauthorityn

assistancenautomatica

assistantnautonomousa

associatevautumnn

associationnavailablea

assumevavenuen

assumptionnaveragea&n

astonishvavoidv

astronautnawake(awoke,awoken)v&a

astronomernawardn

astronomynawarea

atprepawayad

athletenawesomea

athleticaawfula

Atlanticaawkwarda

atmospheren

atomnB

attachvbabyn

attackv&nbachelorn

attainvbackad,a&n

attemptv&nbackgroundn

15

backward(s)adbasinn

baconnbasisn

bacterium(p/bacteria)nbasketn

bad(worse,worst)abasketballn

badmintonnbatn

bagnbathn

baggagenbathev

bakerynbathroomn

balancenbathtubn

balconynbatteryn

ballnbattlen

balletnbayn

balloonnBCabbr

bamboonbe(am,is,are,was,

bann&vwere,being,been)v

banananbeachn

bandnbeann

bandagenbeancurdn

banknbear1n

barnbear2v

barbecuenbeardn

barbernbeastn

barbershopnbeat(beat,beaten)v&n

bareabeautifula

bargainn&vbeautyn

barkv&nbecauseconj

barriernbecome(became,become)v

basenbedn

baseballnbeddingsn

basementnbedroomn

basicabeen

16

beefnbike=bicyclen

beernbilln

beforeprep.ad&conjbingon

begvbiochemistryn

begin(began,begun)vbiographyn

behalfnbiologyn

behavevbirdn

behaviour(A/nbehavior)nbirthn

behindprep&adbirthdayn

beingnbirthplacen

beliefnbiscuitn

believevbishopn

bellnbitn

bellynbite(bit,bitten)v

belongvbittera

belowprepblacka&n

beltnblackboardn

benchnblamen&v

bend(bent,bent)vblankn&a

beneathprepblanketn

beneficialableedv

benefitn&vblessv

benta&nblinda

besideprepblockn&v

besidesprep&adbloodn

betrayvblousen

betweenprepblow(blew,blown)v

beyondprepbluen&a

bicyclenboardn&v

bidv&nboatn

big。bodyn

17

boilvbrainn

bombn&vbraken&v

bondn&vbranchn

bonenbrandn

bonusnbravea

bookn&vbraveryn

boomn&vbreadn

bootnbreak(broke,broken)v&n

boothnbreakfastn

bordernbreakthroughn

boredabreastn

boringabreathn

bornabreathev

borrowvbreathlessa

bossnbreweryn

botanicalabrickn

botanynbriden

botha&pronbridegroomn

bothervbridgen

bottlenbriefa

bottomnbrighta

bouncevbrillianta

boundabring(brought,brought)v

boundarynbroada

bowv&nbroadcast(broadcast,

bowlnbroadcast或-ed<ed)v

bowlingnbrochuren

boxnbrokena

boxingnbroomn

boynbrothern

boycottvbrownn&a

18

brunchnC

brushv&ncabn

Buddhismncabbagen

budgetncafen

buffetncafeterian

build(built,built)vcagen

buildingncaken

bunchncalculatev

bungalowncalln&v

burdenncalma&v

bureaucraticacameln

burglarncameran

burn(burnt,burntcampn&v

或-ed,-ed)v&ncampaignn

burstvcan'(could);

buryvcan^cannotmodalv

busncan2n

bushncanaln

businessncancelv

businessman/womancancern

(plbusinessmen/women)ncandidaten

busyacandlen

butconj&prepcandyn

butchern&vcanteenn

butterncapn

butterflyncapitaln

buttonn&vcapsulen

buy(bought,bought)vcaptainn

byprepcaptionn

byeintcarn

carbonn

19

cardnceilingn

caren&vcelebratev

carefulacelebrationn

carelessacelln

carpenterncentn

carpetncentigradea

carriagencentimetre

carriern(Amcentimeter)n

carrotncentrala

carryvcentre(AA?icenter)n

cartoonncenturyn

carvevceremonyn

casencertaina

cashn&vcertificaten

cassettenchainn

cast(cast,cast)vchairn

castlenchairman/woman

casuala{plchairmen/women)n

catnchalkn

cataloguenchallengen

catastrophenchallenginga

catch(caught,caught)vchampionn

categorynchancen

catervchangen&v

Catholicachangeablea

cattlenchanneln

causen&vchantv&n

cautionnchaosn

cautiousachaptern

cavencharactern

CD=compactdiskncharacteristica&n

20

chargev&nChristmasn

chartnchurchn

chatn&vcigarn

cheapacigaretten

cheatn&vcineman

checkn&vcirclen&v

cheekncircuitn

cheern&vcirculatev

cheerfulacircumstancen

cheersintcircusn

cheesencitizenn

chefncityn

chemicala&ncivila

chemistnciviliann

chemistryncivilizationn

cheque(Amcheck)nclapv

chessnclarifyv

chestnclassn

chewvclassica

chickennclassifyv

chiefa&nclassmaten

child。/children)nclassroomn

childhoodnclawn

chocolatenclayn

choicencleanv&a

choirncleanern

choken&vcleara

choose(chose,chosen)vclerkn

chopsticksnclevera

chorusnclickv

Christiannclimaten

21

climbvcome(came,come)v

clinicncomedyn

clockncomfortn

clonevcomfortablea

closea&adcommandn&v

clothncommentn

clothesncommerciala

clothingncommitv

cloudncommitmentn

cloudyacommitteen

clubncommona

clumsyacommunicatev

coachncommunicationn

coalncommunismn

coastncommunistn&a

coatncompanionn

cocoancompanyn

coffeencomparev

coinncompassn

coincidencencompensatev

cokencompetev

colda&ncompetencen

collarncompetitionn

colleaguencompletea&v

collectvcomplexa&n

collectionncomponentn

collegencompositionn

collisionncomprehensionn

colour(A/ncolor)n&vcompromisev

combn&v