Chapter23AdjectiveandAdjectivePhrase

Warming-up1.Classification2.Adjectivesandparticiples

p2633.Adjectivesasmodifierinnounphrases4.Adjectivesascomplementp2685.NotesHerearesomeadjectivesthatspecificallydescribenounsrelatedtothepicturebelow:African-AmericangirlLovelygirlYellowshirtHappygirlShinyapplecolorfulbooksgreenbookBrownhairSmalleyesRoundface…WhyareadjectivesimportanttouseItmakesyourwriting/speakingmorevisualandvivid.Itappealstooursensessowecanhear,see,touch,taste,andevensmellwhatyou’redescribing.Itmakesreadingandwritingmuchmorefun.

Herearetwosentences:oneusesadjectives,onedoesn’t.Whichoneallowsyoutoseethepicturebetter?

a.Therainforestcontainsflowersandplantsthatmayhelpcurehospitalpatients.b.Thefresh,lushrainforestcontainshundredsofbright,colorfulflowersandhealthy,greenplantsthatmayhelpcuremanyweakhospitalpatients.1.Classification:p259One-wordvs.CompoundCentralvs.PeripheralDynamicvs.Stative:p260Gradablevs.Non-gradableCentralvs.Peripheral

Greenapplesaresour.Pillar-boxesaregreen.Theyhavepaintedthewindowsgreen.centralOnlyasPremodifier:

A.Daily,weekly,monthly,yearlye.g.Myweeklypayis$150.I’mpaidweekly.Mypayisweekly?B.

–most:utmost,foremost,innermost,etc.C.

–er:elder/eldest,inner,other,upper,lower,latter,former,outer,utter,etc.D.

–en:wooden,leaden,golden,silken,earthen,woolen,flaxen,etc.(material)E.only,mere,sole,total,main,chief,principle(foremphasis)G.–ing:living,existing,remaining,neighboring,dying(Ti)OnlyasSCHeisanaliveman.?Heisalivingman/heisalive.Analoneperson?Aloneperson/heisalone.Anasleepchild?Asleepingchild/thechildisasleep.Theyareofanalikeshape.?Theyareofalikeshape/theyarealikeinshape.Awellman?Ahealthyman/heiswell.Anafraidman?Afrightenedman/heisafraidAnillperson?Asickperson/heisill/sick.Heisveryasleep.?Heisfastasleep/heissoundasleep.Heisveryawake.?Heiswideawake.Heisveryawareofhisdanger.?Heisfullyaware/quiteawareofhisdanger.Much,Exception:Iamverywell.OnlyasSC:A.a-:afraid,alive,alone,asleep,aware,awake,ashamed,ablaze,averse,aloof…B.well,worth,content,ill,drunk,sunk,sure,unable,subject…2.Adjectiveswithsamefunctionsas-ingparticiples病人很危險。Thepatientisdangerous.？我很難。I’mdifficult.？我疼。I’mpainful.？Itisverydangerousforthepatient.Thepatientisindanger.Thepatientisdangerouslyill.dangerous:posedangertoothers/makeothersfeelendangeredDangerousplace/criminal….Itisdangeroustodriveatahighspeed.Itisverydifficultformetomakeit.Ifinditverydifficultto….

Difficult:posedifficultytoothersThetask/examisdifficult.Youaredifficult./heisadifficultcustomer.Ifeelapain.Iaminapain.Ihaveapain.Painful:causeotherstofeelpain.Apainfulfoot.Painfullessons/problemsApainfulillness/lifeIhavepainsintheleg.Mylegispainting.Ihaveapainfulleg.Mylegispainful.MyleghurtsActivevs.passiveDangerous,painful,difficultDangerous--endangeredPainful—painedPleasant—pleasedDelightful—delightedFrightful—frightenedSatisfactory--satisfiedEnvious—enviableForgetful—forgettableTolerant—tolerable

Contemptuous—contemptibleDesirous—desirablecredulous—credibleDependent--dependableTiresome—tiredTroublesome—troubledShameful—ashamed-ful,-ous–ent/ant,-ory,-ive

vs.

–able,-ible,-worthy-ingvs.-ed

(p263)

Ex23cp2633.Adjectivesasmodifierinnounphrasesp265Order:Determiner–evaluation–size,shape,age–color–nationality,origin,material–use/purpose---nounheade.g.awell-knownGermanmedicalchurchTheman’sfirsttwointerestinglittleredFrenchoilpaintingsThosebeautifulroundmulti-coloredChineseporcelainvasesPictures:House:InP1there’salargemodernhouse,butinP2there’sasmalloldhouse.Man:InP1there’satallthinman,butinP2there’sashortfatman.Tie:InP1theman’swearingalong,thintie,butinP2theman’swearingashortwidetie.Fence:InP1there’sashortwoodenfence,butinP2there’satallmentalfence.Woman:InP1thewomanonthebenchisshortandold,butinP2thewomanistallandyoung.Dog:InP1there’sasmallwhitedog,butinP2there’sabigblackandwhitedog.Bag:InP1thewomanhasgotasmallblackleatherbag,butinP2thewomanhasgotalargewhiteplasticbag.Trees:InP1therearetwotallpinetrees,butinP2therearetwosmalloaktrees.Ex23Dp2685.Notes

1)The+adjTherich,thedying,theexploited,thefew,thewretched,thewounded,thekilled,thedeceased,theoppressed,thedeparted,theliving,themany,theimpossible,

Theaged,theweak,thesickandthedisabledThetrue,thegoodandthebeautifulGetridofthestaleandtakeinthefreshNeverspeakilloftheabsentAgroupofpeople/abstractconcept2).AdjmodifyingadjIcycoldDeaddrunkDeadasleepTightshutRedhotWideopen3).Verb+adjComealiveComecleanFallsilentFallunconsciousGocrazy/madGobarefootGowildRunwildRunlooseBlushredBreakfree/looseComeeasyComelooseFalldueFallshortGobadGoeasyLieawakeWearthin4).Simile:EnglishVS.ChineseDifferentimages:AsbusyasabeeAspoorasachurchmouseAsblindasabatAsbraveasalionAsfierceasatigerAsgayasalarkAsfreeasairAsdeafasapostAsdarkaspitchAsgreedyasapigAsrichasaJewAssafeastheBankAsstrongasahorse/anoxAstallasachurchsteepleAsuglyasatoadaswetasafishAswiseasSolomonSimilarimages:AsgoodasgoldAsfirm/steadyasarockAsfatasapigAsdifferentasblackandwhiteAscoldasiceAsclearascrystalAshotasfireAslightasafeatherAslikeastwopeasAsloudasthunderAssick/weakasacatAssweetassugarAsswiftaslighteningAssoftassilkAssmoothasglassAsstupidasdonkeyAscunningasafoxAsgracefulasaswanAsproudasapeacockAsgentleasalambAstimidasahareAsinnocentasababyEx23cdTheRainbowChristinaG.RossettiBoatssailontherivers,Andshipssailontheseas:ButcloudsthatsailacrosstheskyAreprettierfarthanthese.Therearebridgesontherivers,Asprettyasyouplease,Butthebowthatbridgesheaven,Andovertopsthetrees,Andbuildsabridgefromearthtosky,Isprettierfarthanthese.ToMr./Miss.XIrunthequickest.Iworkthehardest.Idivethedeepest.Itrav