高考英語結構式閱讀助考生高效精準解題閱讀戰(zhàn)略-----結構式閱讀詞匯閱讀:被詞海淹沒，被難詞擊潰結構閱讀:主題指導，以大方向指導小細節(jié)1.讀邏輯2.讀結構3.讀主旨4.讀態(tài)度5.讀主語讀邏輯轉折讓步對比順承羅列舉例因果路標詞順承:and,inthesameway,thatistosay,similarly,likewised羅列:first,another,some...others,even,then,besides,inaddition，additionally,furthermore,what'smoreover舉例:say,thinkof因果:consequently,hence,so文章微觀邏輯規(guī)律:順承Fullgovernmentfunding(資助)isnotverygoodforuniversities.AdamSmithworkedinaScottishuniversitywhoseteacherslivedoffstudentfees.Heknewandlookeddownupon18th-centuryOxford,wheretheacademicslivedcomfortablyofftheincomereceivedfromthegovernment.Guaranteedsalaries,Smithargued,weretheenemyofhardwork;andwhentheacademicswerelazyandincompetent,thestudentsweresimilarlylazy.Ifstudenthavetopayfortheireducation,theynotonlyworkharderbutalsodemancmorefromtheirteachers.Andtheirteachershavetokeepthemsatisfied.Ifthatmeanstakingteachingseriously,andgivinglesstimetotheirownresearchinterests,thatissurelysomethingtocelebrate14.TheauthorthinksthatwithfullgovernmentfundingA.teachersarelesssatisfiedB.studentsaremoredemandingC.studentswillbecomemorecompetentD.teacherswillspendlesstimeonteaching.Normally,townsuserocksalttode-icestreets.Thesaltlowerswater'sfreezingpoint,causingicetomelt(型化).Butusingcheesebrinecouldhelpbothcheeseproducersandcitiessavemoney,whilekeepingroadssafe.Cheesebrinehassaltinitwhich,liketherocksalt,helpslowerwater'sfreezingpoint.Inadditiontosavingmoneycheesebrinecouldalsobeamoreeco.friendlyoption.Manypeoplesuspectthatalltherocksaltusedeverywinterisharmingtheenvrionment...Thechemicalwashesoffroadsandgoesintotheground.Thereitcanpollutedrinkingwater,harmplants,andeatawaysoil.Byspreadingcheesebrineonstreetsbeforeaddingalayerofrocksalt.Milwaukeemaybeabletocutitsrocksaltuseby30percent.25.Whatisabenefitofusingcheesebrineonroads?A.Improvingairquality.B.Increasingsalesofrocksalt.C.Reducingwaterpollution.D.Savingthecheeseindustry.Thegoalwitheachwindowstrollistocreateplayfulandupliftingdisplays,accordingtoHartman.“Ireallytrytodosomethinglighthearted,somethingwhimsical.thatis.somethingeveryonecanconnectwithandmaybenotseeeverydayintherealworldHartmansaid.5.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacethe“whimsicalinParagraph2?A.Serious.B.Exciting.C.UnusualD.Ordinary文章微觀邏輯規(guī)律:轉折邏輯CurrentlythetreesintheAmazontakeinaround500milliontonnesofCO2eachyear:equaltothetotalamountofCo2givenoffintheUKeachyear.ButhowwilltheAmazonreacttofutureclimatechange?Ifitgetsdrier,willitstillsurviveandcontinuetodrawdownCO2?Scientistshopethattheywillbeabletolearninadvancehowtherainforestwillmanageinthefuturebyunderstandinghowrainforestsreactedtoclimatechangeinthepast.4.HowwilltheAmazonrainforestreacttofutureclimatechange?A.lt'llgetdrierandcontinuetoremoveCO2B.lt'llremainsteamy,warm,dampandthickC.It'llgetwarmerandthencolderanddrierD.Thereisnoexactansweruptopresent.WassermanwassurprisedthatcrowswereabletosolvetheproblemwithoutanytraininginRMTS.hatthecrowshavedoneisextraordinary,hesaidinanewsrelease.Honestly,ifitwasonlybyforcethatthecrowsshowedthislearning,thenitwouldhavebeenanimpressiveresult.Butfhiswasspontaneous.Soperhapsit'stimetostopsayingbird-brain’permanently!Theunderlinedword“spontaneous”couldbereplacedby?instinctiveB.sponsoredC.suspectedD.relationalAskamaninthestreetwhateducationisfor,andanimmediateresponsemightbe"forequippingyoungpeoplewiththeskillstogetajob”Well,yes,butiseducationnotaboutalotmorethanthat?Indeed，IwouldarguethatitisbecauseourBritisheducationholdsahigherideal(理想equippingyoungpeoplewithself-confidenceandanunderstandingoftheworldaroundthemthatitisboominginternationally.Yetlbelievethatwhatmakesoureducationgreatisbeingthreatenedbytheeverincreasingfocususonteachingtothetest.Thefocushasarisenbecauseonlybytestingchildrencanweknowwhatprogresstheyhavemade.lt'saparadox(自相矛盾)，sincethecurriculumchangesthatareeffectweredesignedtowidenyoungpeople'sknowledgeoftheworldaroundthem.takingButpleasedonotmisunderstandme.lamnotsuggestingthattestsshouldbewithdrawn.lamsayingthatschoolsneedtohavetheconfidencetoaimmuchhigherandwiderthanteachingtothetest.Theyshouldputarichlearningexperienceforstudentsfirst;thetestshouldbeusedtovalidate(證實)learning，notanendinitself.Whichbelongstothepurposeofeducationaccordingtotheauthor?Helpingyoungpeopletohaveajob.Preparingstudentsforallkindsoftests.Makingyoungpeoplebehaveconfidently.Enablingyoungpeopletosucceedinlife“Oversharinghasbecomeisn'texclusivetothisplatformassociatedwithsocialmediabutWhatdoestheunderlinedword“exclusive’inparagraph2mean?UniqueB.SimilarC.RelevantD.Fundamental文章微觀邏輯規(guī)律3:因果邏輯(顯性、隱性)Andrecently,duringUSPresidentDonaldTrump'svisittoChina,hisgranddaughterArabella'srecitalofChinesepoemswentviralontheinternet,makingthefive-year-oldapopularfigure’amongChineseaudiences.15.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“wentviralmeaninParagraph3?A.spreadwildlyB.wentwrongC.causedlaughterD.gotsick“Thevaguenessofthegesturemeaningssuggestseitherthatthechimpshavelittletocommunicate,orwearestillmissingalotoftheinformationcontainedintheirgesturesandactions,”shesaid“Moreover,hemeaningsseemtonotgobeyondwhatotheranimalsconveywithnon-verbalcommunication,Soitseemsthegulfremains.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“gulf'inthelastparagraphmean?DifferenceB.ConflictC.BalanceDConnection讀結構宏觀結構SubjectPoint1Point2宏觀結構·Topic:中國經(jīng)濟形勢一片大好·Point1:中國農(nóng)業(yè)健康發(fā)展·Point2:中國工業(yè)蓬勃向前。·Point3:中國第三產(chǎn)業(yè)欣欣向榮StevenSteinlikestofollowgarbagetrucks.Hisstrangehabitmakessensewhenyouconsiderthathe'sanenvironmentalscientistwhostudieshowtoreducelitter,includingthingsthatfalloffgarbagetrucksastheydrivedowntheroad.WhatisevenmoreinterestingisthatoneofStein'sjobsisdefendinganindustrybehindtheplasticshoppingbagsAmericansusemorethan100billionthinfilmplasticbagseveryyear.Somanyendupintreebranchesoralonghighwaysthatagrowingnumberofcitiesdonotallowthematcheckouts(收銀臺)Thebagsareprohibitedinsome90citiesinCalifornia,includingLosAngelesEyeingtheseheadwinds.plastic-bagmakersarehiringscientistslikeSteintomakethecasethaSubject.Theirproductsarenotasbadfortheplanetasmostpeopleassume.Amongthebagmakers’argument:manycitieswithbansstillallowshopperstopurchase.paperbags,whichareeasilyrecycledbutrequiremoreenergytoproduceandtransport.Andwhileplasticbagsmaybeuglytolookat,theyrepresentasmallpercentageofallgarbageonthegroundtoday.Theindustryhasalsotakenaimattheproductthathasappearedasitsreplacement:reusableshoppingbags.Thestrongerareusablebagis,thelongeritslifeandthemoreplastic-baguseitcancelsoutHowever,longer-lastingreusablebagsoftenrequiremoreenergytomake.Onestudyfoundthatacottonbagmustbeusedatleast131timestobebetterfortheplanetthanplastic.Environmentalistsdon'tdispute(質)thesepoints.Theyhopepaperbagswillbebannedsomedaytooandwantshopperstousethesamereusablebagsforyears.2.讀結構微觀結構PointillustrationExampleIbegantonoticehowmultiplicationworkedmagic.Isawhowalittlehandfulofseedscouldproduceagardenfulloffood,howhavingtworabbitscouldsoongiveyoutwenty,howafewcaringwordscouldhealahurtingheart.AndIsawhowasingleactofloving-kindnesscouldtravelfrompersontoperson,hearttoheart,andsoultosouluntilitcircledtheworld.Howdidtheauthorexpressamazementatmultiplicationinparagraph2?BylistingdataB.BydescribingsceneC.BygivingexamplesD.Bycomparingopinions讀主旨Today'sworldisnotaneasyadjustmentforyoungadults.Akeyskillsetforsuccessispersistence(教)，acharacteristicthatresearcherssayisheavilyinfluencedbyfathers.ResearchersfromBrighamYoungUniversitydiscoveredthatfathersareinauniquepositiontohelptheiradolescentchildrenlearnpersistence.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?ThreeCharacteristicsofAuthoritativeFathersKeySkillsforYoungAdultstoSucceedinFutureChildrenTendtoLearnDeterminationfromFatherD.FamilyRelationshipInfluencesSchoolPerformance本文為研究類說明文，往往第一段呈現(xiàn)研究結論(本文中心)，標題選擇和主旨大意題往往都與此有關。4.讀態(tài)度ForallofBellevue'ssuccess,adaptiveKevinBalke,signalsarenotacure-allforjammedroadways.researchengineerattheTexasA&MUniversityTransportationInstitute,saysthatwhilesmartlightscanbeparticularlybeneficialforsomecities.othersaresojammedthatonlyasharpreductionthenumberofcarsontheroadwillmakeameaningfuldifference.It'snotgoing