2018屆虹口區高考英語二模1/2虹口區2017學年度第二學期期終教學質量監控測試高三英語試卷 2018.04考生注意：1.考試時間120分鐘,試卷滿分140分。2.本考試設試卷和答題紙兩部分。所有答題必須涂〔選擇題或寫〔非選擇題在答題紙上,做在試卷上一律不得分。3.答題前,務必在答題紙上填寫準考證號和姓名,并將核對后的條形碼貼在指定位置上,在答題紙反面清楚地填寫姓名。第I卷 <共100分>I.ListeningComprehensionII.GrammarandvocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.Nook’sarrival,GoodorBad?Booklovers,mostofthem,willtellyou<21>_________apleasureitistolendafavoritereadtothefriendthenovelyoustayedupallnighttogettotheendof;thetravelbookthatmadeyoufeel<22>_________youyourselfwereonatrainridethroughIndia.Forawhileitseemedthate-bookusersweretobedeniedthispleasureoflendingtofriends.Youcouldbuyabookormagazineforyourreadingdevice,butyoucouldn'tlenditout.Butnow,withtheNock,theUSbookchainBarnesandNoble'sresponsetoAmazon'sKindle,electronicreaderswillbeabletohavetheirlatestliteraryenthusiasm<23>_________<press>ontheirfriends,justlikereadersofphysicalbookscan,YousimplyemailthebookfromyourNookandyourfriendcanreaditfortwoweeks,<24>_________<use>anydevicewiththeBarnes&Noblee-bookreadersoftware.It'sabigimprovementfrompreviouse-bookreaders.TheNookoffersotherfeaturestoo.Youreadinblackandwhiteonthemainscreen.justlikewithKindle.Thedifferenceis<25>_________onthelowerpartofthedevicethere'sacolourtouchscreen,<26>_________allowsyoutobrowsethroughabookoramagazine,butgoesblackwhenyou'renotusingitsothatyousavepower.<27>_________excitingthingabouttheNookisthatitoffersWi-Fi,arguablyabigadvanceonpreviouse-bookreaders.CustomersintheUnitedStatescanusetheInternetconnection<28>_________<read>wholee-booksatBarnes&Nobleforhundredsofbookstoresforfree.NoneofBarnes&Noble’scompetitorscancomeclosetothis.2018屆虹口區高考英語二模全文共11頁，當前為第1頁。ButtheNook,ironically,<29>_________<turnout>tobeamoney-loserforBarnes&Noble,oratleastajob-loserforBarnes&Noble'semployees.AccordingtoMarianMonikeratTheBigMoneyWebsite,<30>_________theNookissuccessfulitmighttakesalesfromthecompany’sbookstores,eventuallyforcingtheirclosureandthelossofthousandsofjobs.2018屆虹口區高考英語二模全文共11頁，當前為第1頁。SectionBDirections:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.branch B.departmentC.appropriate D.expansion E.withdrew F.dominatedG.licensed H.contract I.considerable J.brands K.breakthroughForeignGiantsTargetChineseMilkMarketEuropeandairyproductsgiantArlaFoodshaschosenaleadingChinesemilkmanufactureasabusinesspartnerforits<31>________inChina–aclearsignthatoverseascompaniesarestartingtocultivatehugeChina’sdairymarketbytyingupwithlocalplayers.Arlasignedthecooperation<32>________,whichcomesintoeffectthismonth,withMengniuDairyattheendofAugusttosetupamilk-powderjointventureinHohhot,capitalofNorthChina’sInnerMongoliaAutonomousRegion.ThedealbetweenArleFoodsandMengniucanbeseenasanew<33>________forMultinational’sre-entryintothesector.Manyforeigngiantshavefounditdifficulttocreate<34>________profitsindomesticmilkmarket,especiallytheliquid-milksector,whichisfollowedcloselybypricewarsanddominatedbylocal<35>________companieslikeDanone,KraftandFrieslandCobercohavequitteddairyproductioninChina.AfewhavebeensuccessfulNestle,Inter,Bristo-MyersSquibbandWyethhave<36>________thehigh-endmilk-formulamarketinChina."Wewillwatchthemarketcloselyandre-investhereina<n><37>________time,"anofficialoftheDutchfirmFrieslandsaidwhenit<38>itsinvestmentinitsTianjinjointventurelastyearaftereightyears.Thecompanyhas<39>________itsChinesepartnertocontinueusingitsDutchladybrandandalsosellsitsimportedFrisoinfantfoods,DutchLadymilkpowderandDutchladyCalcimexintheChinesemarketthroughits<40>________companyinHongKong.III.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Ourmodernworkinglivesareruledbytheconceptofcompetence<能力>.Theideathatliesbehindcompetenceisquitesimple:thatonecanstatewhatpeopleshoulddoinbehavioralterms,andthen_____41____whetherapersonhassucceededinmeetingthattaskornot.Werarelyhaveasecondthoughtaboutwhethertheideaofmeasuringandachievingcompetenceisagoodoneornot._____42____,itisadebatableone.Humansdonotlearnorworkinwaysthatcanbemeasuredbythe_____43____ofcompetence.2018屆虹口區高考英語二模全文共11頁，當前為第2頁。Taketheexampleofabaristawhoisbeingtrainedtomakecoffee.Thejobtitleof"barista"____44_____adegreeofskillinmakingcoffee.However,baristasinlargecoffeechainsareusuallytrainedthrough_____45____qualifications.Onepartofthesequalificationsistoproduceacupofcoffeetomeeta<n>____46_____standard.Itmighthavetoachieveacertaintasteandappearance.Thismightseemperfectlyreasonable,buttherearetworeasonswhysuchanapproachtotrainingbaristasdoesnot____47_____.2018屆虹口區高考英語二模全文共11頁，當前為第2頁。First,theproductionofacupofcoffeetoacertainstandardisabinary<二次元的>____48____.Thebaristascaneitherproduceacoffeeofacertainstandardortheycannot.Iftheyhappentoproducethebestcupofcoffeeintheworld,itdoesnotmatter,ascompetence-basedtrainingdoesnotrewardoutstandingperformance._____49____,producingtheworstcupofcoffeewouldbeafailinthesamewayasproducingacupjustbelowthestandard.Infact,competenceisnotinterestedintheprocessofproducingacoffeeatallonlythefinalbinaryoutcome.Second,ifthebaristadoesproduceacoffeetoacertain______50___,competenceisnotinterestedinwhythebaristacandothat.Buthumansarenotmachinesthat_____51____producebinaryoutcomes.Wehavebodiesandmindswhich____52_____throughlearning.Yetweareincreasinglyforcedto____53_____competenceinourschoolsandworkplace.Wearenotemptymachinesthatsimplyproducebinaryoutcomes.Ifwewanttobetruehumaninourlearningandourworkplace,weneedtobe_____54____andspecial.Learningandinnovationinvolvefailureinaimingforsomethingthatisunusuallygood.Suchthingssimplycannotbe_____55____bythestandardofcompetencewherethemediocre<平凡的>isthegoldstandard.41.A.question B.predict C.measure D.confirm42.A.Asarule B.Asawhole C.Inotherwords D.Infact43.A.impression B.concept C.value D.development44.A.suggests B.assumes C.deserves D.inherits45.A.society-based B.self-based C.pleasure-based D.competence-based46.A.minimum B.unique C.traditional D.international47.A.last B.work C.exist D.change48.A.challenge B.appearance C.outcome D.practice49.A.Therefore B.Instead C.Moreover D.Likewise50.A.agreement B.extent C.standard D.description51.A.typically B.simply C.cheaply D.occasionally52.A.alter B.expand C.create D.exhaust53.A.handle B.classify C.transfer D.achieve54.A.common B.sociable C.creative D.mature55.A.judged B.achieved C.restored D.presentedSectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.<A>2018屆虹口區高考英語二模全文共11頁，當前為第3頁。WilliamHerschelwasbornonNovember15th,1738inHanoverinafamilyofmusicians.In1757,hefledtoEnglandandbeganearningalivingasanorganistandlatercomposerandconductor.In1772,heconvincedhissisterCarolinetojoinhimasasinger.Intheirsparetimethebrother-sisterteambecameoccupiedinastronomy.WilliamdiedathishomeinSlough,nearWindsoronAugust25th,1822,andCarolineonSeptember1st,1848.2018屆虹口區高考英語二模全文共11頁，當前為第3頁。Herschel'sfirstmajordiscoveriesweretoshowthatMarsandJupiterexhibitaxialrotation<繞軸自轉>.Herschelstruckfamein1781,whenonMarch13th,hediscoveredtheplanetUranus<天王星whileengagedinworkaimedatdeterminingstellarparallax<恒星視差>.Thisbeingthefirstnewplanetdiscoveredsinceancienttimes,Herschel,untilthenamereamateurastronomerrelativelyunknowneveninEngland,becameworld-famous.Adoptingahistoricallyprovenstrategy,HerschelnamedthenewplanetGeorgiumSidum,inhonorofthethenrulingEnglishkingGeorgeIII.Thetrickworkedonceagain,askingGeorgeIIIgaveWilliamandCarolinethetitlesof"TheKing5sAstronomer"and"Assistanttotheking'sAstronomer",anhonorwhichcamewithalife'spensionforboth.In1782theymovedtoBath,andshortlythereaftertoSlough,andfromthispointonWilliamandCarolinecoulddevotethemselvesentirelytoastronomy.TheHerschelwentontodiscovertwomoonsofUranusin1787.WhileCarolinebecameincreasinglyoccupiedwiththesearchforcometsatwhichshewasquitesuccessful.WilliambecameforatimeinterestedintheSun.InspiredbyWilson5s1774work,heputforththetheoryofsunspot,anopinionthatcontinuedtoexistwellintothenineteenthcentury.In1800,hebecameinterestedinthesolarspectrum<太陽光譜>,anduncoveredthefirstevidenceforsolarenergyoutputoutsideofthevisiblespectrum,inwhatisnowknownastheinfrared<紅外線>.In1801,hepublishedtwopapersthateffectivelystartedthefieldofsolarinfluencesonEarth’sweather.56. Herschelmadehimselfknowntotheworldmainlyby _____________.A. discoveringtheplanetUranusB. determiningstellarparallaxC. discoveringtwomoonsofUranusD. uncoveringtheevidencefortheinfrared57. ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatGeorgeIII____________.A. likedscienceandtechnologyB. likedHerschel'snamingofthenewplanetC. wasinterestedinastronomyD. gaveHerschelalotofusefulsuggestions58. WhatdoweknowaboutCarolinefromthepassage?A. Shewassuccessfulinmusic.B. Shewastitled"Theking'sAstronomerC. Shediedlaterthanherbrother.D. Shepublishedtwopapers59. Thispassagemainlytellsreaders____________A. someinformationaboutHerschelandhissister2018屆虹口區高考英語二模全文共11頁，當前為第4頁。B. howHerschelandhissisterdiscoveredtheplanetUranus2018屆虹口區高考英語二模全文共11頁，當前為第4頁。C. HerschelandCarolinegotalongwellwitheachotherD. HerschelandCaroline'smajorscientificpublications<>2018屆虹口區高考英語二模全文共11頁，當前為第5頁。OSRHRE2018屆虹口區高考英語二模全文共11頁，當前為第5頁。OOIG-inesnTheoxffcesopnondytoSturd,10-8p.-yostSttngtheprformcendchoceofss,encosngachqu,postlord,oryourcrdtcrddtstoscrThtreoxffc,POox220,nstrt.llchqusshoudbemdepybletocrThtre-yteehoneng08448472484torsrveyortcktsortopybycrdtcrd<s,astrrdccptd>-on-lieomptetheon-lnebookngformt.ocrthtreco.ISOSSave:$2ofanystbookdnytmendvnceforprformcsfromondytoThursdyncusv,ndforlmtns<下午場.Svrsrevbeforchdrnupto16yrsod,ovr60sndfu-tmestudnts.Suesae:hf-prcessrevbeforpopewthdsbltsndonecmpnon.Itsdvsbetobookndvnc.Thresamxmumofghtwhchrspcsvbendonwwlairspcewlbeheduntilonehourbforethesh<subcttovbilty>Stany:bstviblestsreonsefor$6fromonehourbfretheprformceforpopligible<有資格>forSvrndSuprsvrdcountsndthrtymnutsbforeforalothrcustoms.oupookings:thresatnprcntdscountforprtsofwormor.Shools:choolprtsoftnormorecnbook$9tcksndvncendwllgtvrytnthtcktfr.leaent:wreunbetoxchngetcktsorrfundmonyunssaprfrmncescncdduetounforsnccumstc.60.Whenbookingbypost,youcanpayforaticketby___________.A.visitingthewebsiteofapostofficeB.goingtoyourlocalbankinpersonC.enclosingyourMasterCardinanenvelope2018屆虹口區高考英語二模全文共11頁，當前為第6頁。D.providingyourcreditcardinformation2018屆虹口區高考英語二模全文共11頁，當前為第6頁。61.Whatbenefitcanbookersenjoyaccordingtothetext?A.Agroupoftenadultsgoingtoaperformancecanclaimadiscount.B.Aschoolpartyof15personsthatbookinadvancepay$135intotalforaperformance.C.Someoneaccompanyingawheelchairusertoaperformancereceivesadiscount.D.An18-year-oldteenageriseligibleforSaverdiscounts.62.Accordingtothetext,_________cangetStandbyticket.A.65-year-oldsbuyingticketsanhourandahalfbeforeaperformancebeginsB.fulltimestudentsbuyingtickets45minutesbeforeaperformancebeginsC.theatre-goerswhoareunexpectedlyunabletobepresentataperformance.D.anyonewhobuysticketsanhourbeforeaperformancebegins<C>Here’sthescarythingabouttheidentity-theftringthatthefedscrackedlastweek:therewasnothinganyofitsestimated40,000victimscouldhavedonetopreventitfromhappening.Thiswasaninsidejob,accordingtocourtdocuments.Alowlyhelp-deskworkeratTeledataCommunications,asoftwarefirmthathelpsbanksaccesscreditreportsonline,allegedlystolepasswordsforthosereportsandsoldthemtoagroupof20thievesat$60apop.Thatallowedthegangtocherry-pickconsumerswithgoodcreditandapplyforallkindsofaccountsintheirnames.Costtothevictims:$3millionandrising.Evenscarieristhatthis,thelargestidentity-theftbusttodate,isjustadropinthebitbucket.Morethan700,000Americanshavetheircredithijackedeveryyear.It'soneofcrime'sbiggestgrowthmarkets.Aname,addressandSocialSecuritynumber--whichcanoftenbefoundontheWeb--isallanybodyneedstoapplyforaboguslineofcredit.Creditcompaniesmake$1.3trillionannuallyandloselessthan2%ofthatrevenuetofraud,sothere'slittlefinancialincentiveforthemtomaketheapplicationprocessmoresecure.Asitstandsnow,it'suptoyoutoprotectyouridentity.Thegoodnewsisthatthereareplentyofstepsyoucantake.Mostcreditthievesareopportunists,notwell-organizedgangs.AlotofthemgoDumpsterdivingforthosemillionsof"pre-approved"credit-cardmailingsthatgoouteveryday.Othersstealwalletsandreturnthem,takingonlyaSocialSecuritynumber.ShreddingyourjunkmailandleavingyourSocialSecuritycardathomecansavealotofagonylater.2018屆虹口區高考英語二模全文共11頁，當前為第7頁。Butthemosteffectivewaytokeepyouridentitycleanistocheckyourcreditreportsonceortwiceayear.Therearethreemajorcredit-reportoutfits:Equifax<at>,Trans-Union<>andExperian<>.Allallowyoutoorderreportsonline,whichisalotbetterthanwadingthroughvoice-mailhellontheir800lines.Ofthethree,IfoundTransUnion'swebsitetobethecheapestandmostcomprehensive--layingoutstate-by-stateprices,rightsandtipsforconsumersineasy-to-readfashion.2018屆虹口區高考英語二模全文共11頁，當前為第7頁。Ifyou'reluckyenoughtoliveinColorado,Georgia,Maryland,Massachusetts,NewJerseyorVermont,youareentitledtoonefreereportayearbylaw.Otherwiseit'sgoingtocost$8to$14eachtime.Avoidservicesthatoffertomonitoryourreportsyear-roundforabout$70;that's$10morethanthegoingrateamongthieves.Ifyouthinkyou'reavictimofidentitytheft,youcanaskforfraudalertstobeputonfileateachofthethreecredit-reportcompanies.Youcanalsodownloadatheft-reportform/idtheft,which,alongwithalocalpolicereport,shouldhelpwheniratecreditorscomeknocking.Justdon'texpectjustice.Thataudacioushelp-deskworkerwasoneofthefewerthan2%ofidentitythieveswhoareevercaught.63.Theexpression"insidejob"<Line2,Paragraph1>mostprobablymeans_________.A.acrimethatiscommittedbyapersonworkingforthevictimB.acrimethatshouldbepunishedseverelyC.acrimethatdoesgreatharmtothevictimD.acrimethatposesagreatthreattothesociety64.Thecreditorscanprotecttheiridentityinthefollowingwayexcept________.A.destroyingyourjunkmailB.leavingyourSocialSecuritycardathomeC.visitingthecredit-reportwebsiteregularlyD.obtainingthefreereportfromthegovernment65.Itiseasytohavecredit-theftbecause________________A.Morepeopleareusingcreditservice. B.Theapplicationprogramisnotsafeenough.C.Creditorsusuallydisclosetheiridentity. D.Creditorsarenotcarefulabouttheiridentity.66.Thebesttitleofthetextis________A.Thedangerofcredit-theft B.ThelossofthecreditorsC.Howtoprotectyourgoodname D.WhythecreditorslosetheiridentitySectionC2018屆虹口區高考英語二模全文共11頁，當前為第8頁。Directions:Readthepassagecarefully.Fillineachblankwithaproperseengiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwosentencesthanyouneed.2018屆虹口區高考英語二模全文共11頁，當前為第8頁。A.Whenyouaredonewithyourtaskthenrewardyourself.B.Makesureyouonlyrestfor10minutes.C.Oryoucanworkharderandstartanevenbiggerproject.D.Setakitchentimerandsaytoyourselfthatyouonlyhavetodothisworkfor10minutes.E.Whenyousortpapers,dothelaundryordothedishes,befullythere.F.Youdon'talwayshavetodojustonethingatatimeinsilence.WaystoBeMoreEfficientNotalltasksofthedayareinspiring.Butyoustillhavetowashthosedishesandtakecareofthoseroutinetasksatworkorinschool.Sowhatcanyoudonottogetlostinprocrastination<拖延>?I’llsharehowIdoit,howIgetsomemotivationandfindmorepleasureinwhatmayseemtobeaboringtask.Insteadoffocusingyourmindonhowboringataskmayfeel,focusonyourthoughtonwhyyouaredoingthisandhowgooditwillfeelwhenyouaredonewithit.Ifneeded,sitdownforafewminutes,closeyoureyesandseeinyourmind.Thengotoworkwiththatmotivationandthosepositivefeelingsinyourbody.Doitattentively.______67_____.Focus100%onjusttheworkwithallyoursense-howitfeels,looks,andsmells–asyouarescrubbingitandnothingelse.Don’tgetlostindaydreams.Ifyouarejustthere,Ihavefoundthatevensuchasimpletaskbecomesmoreenjoyableandsomethingthatcanbringinnercalmratherthandistress.Makeadealwithyourselfandsetatimerfor10minutes.Itisofteneasiertodotaskliketheseinsmallbursts.Somakeadealwithyourselftojustspend10minutesonyourreadingorcleaningthehouse.________68_____.Whenthetimerringsyoucancontinuedoingitiffeellikeit<thisoftenhappenstomebecausegettingstartedisthehardpart>.Oryoucanstopandgodosomethingmoreinterestinginstead.Createapleasurabledistraction.Ifpossible,trytolistentotheradio,yourfavoritesongs,anaudiobookorwatchamovieorTVepisodewhiledoingyourboringtask._____69____.IoftenlistentomusicorwatchanepisodeoftheSimpsonswhiledoingthedishesorotherroutineworkathome._______70_____.Takeawalkinthesun.Moveontomorefunorcreativetaskatworkorinschool.Haveatastytreat.Thishabitcanmakeiteasiertogetstartedandtokeepgoingeachday.Becauseyouknowthatyoucanlookforwardtonotjustbeingdoneandthelong-termpayofffromthatbutalsoyourimmediaterewardrightafteryouarefinished.IV.SummaryWritingDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint<s>ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.2018屆虹口區高考英語二模全文共11頁，當前為第9頁。Clearlyifwearetoparticipateinthesocietyinwhichwelive,wemustcommunicatewithotherpeople.Agreatdealofcommunicatingisperformedonaperson-to-personbasisbythesimplemeansofspeech.Ifwetravelinbuses,buythingsinshops,oreatinrestaurants,wearelikelytohaveconversationswherewegiveinformationoropinions,receivenewsorcommentandverylikelyhaveourviewschallengedbyothermembersofsociety.2018屆虹口區高考英語二模全文共11頁，當前為第9頁。Face-tofacecontactisbynomeanstheonlyformofcommunicationandduringthelasttwohundredyearstheartofmasscommunicationhasbecomeoneofthedominatingfactorsofcurrentsociety.Twothings,aboveothers,havecausedtheenormousgrowthofthecommunicationindustry.Firstly,inventivenesshasledtoadvancesinprinting,telecommunications,photography,radioandtelevision.Secondly,speedhasrevolutionizedthetransmissionandreceptionofcommunicationssothatlocalnesoftentakesabackseattonationalnews,whichitselfisoftenalmosteclipsed<失去優勢>byinternationalnews.Nolongeristhepossessionofinformationrestrictedtoawealthyminority.Inthelastcenturythewealthymanwithhisownlibrarywasindeedfortunate,buttodaytherearepubliclibraries.Fortyyearsago,peopleusedtogotothecinema,butnowfarmorepeoplesitathomeandturnontheTVtowatchaprogramthatisbeingchanneledintomillionsofhomes.Communicationisnolongermerelyconcernedwiththetransmissionofinformation.Themodemcommunicationinfluencestheway,peopleliveinsocietyandbroadenstheirhorizonsbyall