教育術語匯編愛國主義教育educationinpatriotism班長monitor班級class辦學效益efficiencyinschoolmanagement半工半讀學校part-workandpart-studyschool半文盲semiliterate：functionalilliterate必修課required／compulsorycourse畢業鑒定graduationappraisal畢業生分配assignmentofgraduates畢業實習graduationfieldwork畢業證書certificateofgraduation邊緣知識人marginalintellectual秉承父業tofollowinher／hisfather’sfootstep博導tutorofaPh．D．student：doctoraladvisor博士后postdoctorate博士后科研流動站centerforpost-doctoralstudy博學謙遜copiouslearningcombinedwithdeephumility博學者amanofextensivelearning補考make-upAspecialexaminationforastudentwhohasbeenabsentfromorhasfailedapreviousexamination.未經入學考試的學生non-matriculatedstudent；未注冊而入學的學生non-degreestudent不拿學位的學生matriculateataninstitutionofhigherlearning在某高等學校注冊入學Threeyearslaterhematriculatedforadvancestudy.三年后他入大學深造。不學無術ignorant；learnnotandknownot成績單schoolreport；reportcard；transcript成人教育adulteducation成人夜校nightschoolforadults成人中等專科學校secondaryspecializedschool；technicalschoolforadults充電toupdateone’sknowledge；tobrushup初等教育primaryeducation輟學青年youngpeoplewithuncompletedschooling答辯考試competitiveexamination大學二年級／高中一年級學生sophomore大學三年級／高中二年級學生junior大學四年級／高中三年級學生senior大學一年級學生freshman大專生juniorcollegestudent大專文憑associatedegree；juniorcollegediploma美國大學修滿二年課程之肄業證書generalequivalencydiploma普通同等學歷證書HigherNationalD-[英]國家高級學位證書OrdinaryNationalD-國家正式畢業證書universitydiploma大學畢業證書diplomainreadingdevelopment[英](開放大學發給非正式學生的)學業進步證書diplomaofgraduating畢業證書代課教師probationteacher黨支部書記Partybranchsecretary導師academicadviser；tutor德智體美勞全面發展all-arounddevelopmentofmoral，intellectual，physical，aestheticsandlaboreducation低年級學生lowergradepupil／student；pupil／studentinjuniorgrade定向培訓trainingforspecificpost定向招生studentsareadmittedtobetrainedforpre-determinedemployer短訓班short-termtrainingcourse非全日制教育part-timeeducation非正規教育non-formaleducation分數marks／grades／scores輔導員(政治輔導員)assistantforpoliticalandideologicalwork附(屬)中(學)attachedmiddleschool副班長vice-monitor副教授associateprofessor副校長deputyheadmaster,deputyhead副校長vice—presidentAsecondaryareaofspecializedacademicstudy,requiringfewercoursesorcreditsthanamajor.輔修專業：學術研究的第二個特定領域，其要求的課程和學分比主修課要少Onestudyinginasecondaryareaofspecialization:輔修學生：學習第二專業的學生：SheisaChemistryminor.她是化學專業的輔修學生副院長assistantdean高等教育highereducation高等教育自學考試self-studyhighereducationexamination高分低能highscoreandlowability高考(university)entranceexamination個別輔導personalsupport／tutorship工商管理碩士MBA(MasterofBusinessAdministration)工學博士Eng．D(DoctorofEngineering)公費生government-sponsoredstudent公民教育civileducation廣播電視大學radioandtelevisionuniversity國際英文水平測試IELTS(InternationalEnglishLanguageTestingSystem)國家普通話水平考試nationalproficiencytestofPutonghua國家指定考試government-mandatedtest國家助學金statestipend／subsidy函授大學correspondenceuniversity函授教育correspondenceeducation函授課程postallesson漢學Chineselearning：Sinology合作教育cooperativeeducation核心課程，基礎課程corecurriculumcurriculumschedule課程表后勁足wellsupportedbysustainablebackup基礎課basiccourse集體主義教育educationincollectivism計算機輔助教CAI(Computer-AssistedInstruction)計算機能力考試computer-adaptivetesting紀律discipline技工學校skilledworkers(training)school寄宿生boarder家庭教師tutor尖子thebestofitskind；topstudent教導所trainingcentre教導處教導主任deanofstudents教齡ofschoolage教書育人toeducatethepersonaswellasimpartbookknowledge；toimpartknowledgeandeducatepeople教學、科研、生產的“三結合”“3-in-1combination”involvingteaching，research，andproduction教學大綱teachingprogram；syllabus教學方法pedagogy／teachingmethod教育學；教學法（亦作：pedagogics）教學內容contentsofcourse教研室／組teachingandresearchsection／group教育程度／背景educationalbackground教育方針guideline／guidingprincipleforeducation教育工作者(總稱)teachingstaff教育界educationalcircle教育學院college／instituteofeducation教育要面向現代化，面向世界，面向未來Educationshouldbeaimedatmodernizationdrive，theworldandthefuture．教員休息室staffroom：commonroomAfacultyloungeinacollegeoruniversity.交誼廳，休息室：在學院或大學的教員休息室階梯教室lecturetheatre：terraceclassroom結業證書certificateofcompletion借讀生transientstudent進修班classforfurtherstudy：classforadvancedstudy進修教育continuingeducation進修課程refreshercourse九年義務教育nine-yearcompulsoryeducation開卷考試openbookexam考試緊張者examjitter考研totakepartintheentranceexamforpostgraduateschool考研熱crazeforpostgraduateschool科教興國torelyonscienceandeducationtorejuvenatethenation科教興國戰略strategyofrevitalizing(invigorating)Chinathroughscienceandeducation；thestrategyofdevelopingthecountrybyrelyingonscienceandeducation客座教授guestprofessor；visitingprofessor課程表timetable課外輔導instructionafterclass／school課外活動extracurricularactivities課外閱讀outsidereading課間，休息playtime，break口試，筆試oralexamination，writtenexamination勞動委員commissaryinchargeofphysicallabour理工科大學college／universityofscienceandengineering理學博士DS(DoctorofScience)理學士BS(BachelorofScience)理學碩士MS(MasterofScience)領取助學金的學生agrant-aidedstudent留級torepeattheyear’swork；tostaydown；tofailtogouptothenextgrade留級生repeater留校察看academicprobation留學咨詢consultingonthestudyabroad錄取分數線enrollmentmarks錄取通知書aletterofadmission美術學院academyoffinearts門房，學校工友beadle，porter免費教育freeeducation民辦學校schoolrunbythelocalpeople名牌私立大學eliteprivateuniversity模擬測試mocktest：simulatedexam年級grade旁聽生auditor培養獨立分析問題和解決問題的能力tocultivatetheabilitytoanalyzeandsolveconcreteproblemsindependently培養跨世紀人才tobringup(foster)cross-century(trans-century)specialists培養學生自學能力tohelpdeveloptheabilityofthestudentstothinkthingoutforthemselves片面追求升學率toplaceundueemphasisontheproportionofstudentsenteringschoolsofahigherlevel評分制度gradingsystem普及教育universaleducation普通高等教育regularhighereducation啟發式教學heuristiceducation強化班intensivetrainingclass勤工儉學part-workandpart-studysystem：work-studyprogram全額獎學金fullscholarship全國公共英語等級考試PETS(PublicEnglishTestSystem)全面實施素質教育tocarryonthequality-orientededucationintheround榮譽教授emeritusprofessor三好學生meritstudent；modelstudent三學期制trimestersystem掃盲toeliminateilliteracy掃盲班literacyclass尚未取得學位的大學生undergraduate少數民族學校minorityschool社會活動socialactivities社會力量辦學runningofschoolbyNon-governmentalsector升學togotoaschoolofahighergrade；toenterahigherschool升學率proportionofstudentsenteringschoolofahighergrade失學青少年schooldropout師范大學normal(teachers’)university師范學校normalschool(uppersecondarylevel)師范專科學校normalspecialisedpostsecondarycollege實例化教學casestudyteaching實驗員laboratoryassistant，labassistant試讀conditionaladmission適齡兒童入學率enrolmentrateforchildrenofschoolage授予某人學位toconferadegreeonsb．雙學士制doubleB．A．degreesystem碩博聯讀acontinuousacademicprojectthatinvolvespostgraduateanddoctoralstudy私立學校privateschool素質教育educationforall-arounddevelopment；逃學，曠課toplaytruant，toplayhooky體育活動physicalactivities體育教師gamesmaster，gymteacher／instructor體育委員commissaryinchargeofsports填鴨式教學cramming／forced-feedingmethodofteaching同等學力tohavethesameeducationallevel(astheregulargraduateorstudentofcertainacademicqualification)同等學力申請碩士學位統考generalexaminationforapplicantwitheducationbackgroundequivalenttocollegegraduateformaster’sdegree團支部書記Leaguebranchsecretary托福考試TOEFL(TestofEnglishasaForeignLanguage)脫產培訓0ff-jobtraining文科碩士M．A．／MA(MasterofArts)文學士B．A．／BA(BachelorofArts)文娛委員commissaryinchargeofentertainment五分制the5-grademarkingsystem系主任departmentchairman；chairperson；dean現代遠程教育moderndistanceeducation小學校長(美)master校長president校服schooluniform校外學習off-campusstudy校訓schoolmotto校友schoolfellow；alumna(female)；alumnus(male)新生frog-green宣傳委員commissaryinchargeofpublicity選修課elective／optionalcourse學分credithour學歷教育educationwithrecordofformalschooling學年school／academicyear學生處students’affairsdivision學生會students’union／association學生減負toreducestudyload；toalleviatetheburdenonstudents學生領袖，校園風云人物bigmanoncampus學生宿舍residencehall；dormitory學時classhour；classperiod學術活動academicactivities學習成績academicrecord；schoolrecord學習委員commissaryinchargeofstudies雅思考試IELTS(InternationalEnglishLanguageTestingSystem)延伸學習extensionstudy研究生graduatestudent；post-graduate(student)研究生入學考試(美)GRE(GraduateRecordExamination)研究員researchfellow業余藝術／體育學校amateurart／athleticschool業余職工大學spare-timecollegeforstaffandworker肄業證書certificateofcompletion／incompletion因材施教toteachstudentsaccordingtotheiraptitude應屆畢業生thisyear’sgraduate應試教育examination-orientededucation；exam-orientededucation用功的學生swotbookwormOnewhospendsmuchtimereadingorstudying.極愛讀書者：一個把很多時間花在讀書和學習上的人優化教師隊伍tooptimizetheteachingstaff予以注冊toenroll，toenroll娛樂活動recreationalactivities預付學費advancetuitionfee預試prelim；preliminarytest院長dean在職博士生on-jobdoctorate在職培訓、進修on-the-job/in-servicetraining擇優錄取tohirethebestexaminee／candidate／applicant招生就業指導辦公室enrolmentandvocationguidanceoffice哲學博士Ph．D．(DoctorofPhilosophy)政府特殊津貼獲得者winnerofspecialgovernmentallowance執法人員lawenforcementofficial；law-executor；lawenforcer職稱professionaltitle：thetitleofatechnicalpost職位供求比率jobopening-to-applicationratio職務津貼dutyallowance職業病occupational／industrialdisease職業大學vocationaluniversity職業道德professionalethics職業婦女workingwoman；careerwoman職業高中vocationalhighschool職業技術教育vocationalandtechnicaleducation職業介紹所employmentagency／exchange職業指導人vocationalleader職業資格證書制度professionalqualificationcertificatesystem智商IQ(IntelligenceQuotient)中等技術學校secondarytechnicalschool；technicalsecondaryschool中等教育secondaryeducation中上層人士middle—andupper-classpeople中小學女校長headmistress中小學校長headmaster中學校長(美)principal；(英)headmaster中專生secondaryspecializedortechnicalschoolstudent終身雇傭制lifelongemploymentsystem終身職務制lifelongtenure重點大學keyuniversity主副修制asystemofamajorfieldofspecializationplusaminorfield主修major助教teachingassistant助理研究員researchassistant助學行動activitytoassisttheimpoverishedstudents注冊會計師certifiedaccountant專門人才professionalpersonnel：specialtalents專業課specializedcourse專業人才外流outflowoftrainedpersonnel轉系toswitchmajor準博士ABD(AllButDissertation)準理學士A．S．(AssociateinSciencedegree)準文學士A．A．(AssociateinArtsdegree)自費留學togotostudyabroadatone’sownexpense自費生commoner自我推銷者self-promoter自愿退職voluntaryretirement綜合素質comprehensivequality總經理負責制generalmanagerresponsibilitysystem走讀生extern；daystudent；non-residentstudent組織能力organizationalcapability組織委員commissaryinchargeoforganization最低工資保障制度minimumwageguaranteesystem尊師重教toshowrespecttoteachersandattachgreatimportancetoeducation語法grammar句法syntax詞法morphology結構structure層次rank句子sentence從句clause詞組phrase詞類partofspeech單詞word實詞notionalword虛詞structuralword名詞noun專有名詞propernoun普通名詞commonnoun可數名詞countablenoun不可數名詞uncountablenoun抽象名詞abstractnoun具體名詞concretenoun物質名詞materialnoun集體名詞collectivenoun個體名詞individualnoun介詞preposition連詞conjunction動詞verb主動詞mainverb及物動詞transitiveverb不及物動詞intransitiveverb系動詞linkverb助動詞auxiliaryverb情態動詞modalverb規則動詞regularverb不規則動詞irregularverb短語動詞phrasalverb限定動詞finiteverb非限定動詞infiniteverb使役動詞causativeverb感官動詞verbofsenses動態動詞eventverb靜態動詞stateverb感嘆詞exclamation形容詞adjective副詞adverb方式副詞adverbofmanner程度副詞adverbofdegree時間副詞adverboftime地點副詞adverbofplace修飾性副詞adjunct連接性副詞conjunct疑問副詞interrogativeadverb關系副詞relativeadverb代詞pronoun人稱代詞personalpronoun物主代詞possessivepronoun反身代詞reflexivepronoun相互代詞reciprocalpronoun指示代詞demonstrativepronoun疑問代詞interrogativepronoun關系代詞relativepronoun不定代詞indefinitepronoun物主代詞possessivepronoun名詞性物主代詞nominalpossessivepronoun形容詞性物主代詞adjectivalpossessivepronoun冠詞article定冠詞definitearticle不定冠詞indefinitearticle數詞numeral基數詞cardinalnumeral序數詞ordinalnumeral分數詞fractionalnumeral形式form單數形式singularform復數形式pluralform限定動詞finiteverbform非限定動詞non-finiteverbform原形baseform從句clause從屬句subordinateclause并列句coordinateclause名詞從句nominalclause定語從句attributiveclause狀語從句adverbialclause賓語從句objectclause主語從句subjectclause同位語從句appositiveclause時間狀語從句adverbialclauseoftime地點狀語從句adverbialclauseofplace方式狀語從句adverbialclauseofmanner讓步狀語從句adverbialclauseofconcession原因狀語從句adverbialclauseofcause結果狀語從句adverbialclauseofresult目的狀語從句adverbialclauseofpurpose條件狀語從句adverbialclauseofcondition真實條件狀語從句adverbialclauseofrealcondition非真實條件狀語從句adverbialclauseofunrealcondition含蓄條件句adverbialclauseofimpliedcondition錯綜條件句adverbialclauseofmixedcondition句子sentence簡單句simplesentence并列句compoundsentence復合句complexsentence并列復合句compoundcomplexsentence陳述句declarativesentence疑問句interrogativesentence一般疑問句generalquestion特殊疑問句specialquestion選擇疑問句alternativequestion附加疑問句tagquestion反義疑問句disjunctivequestion修辭疑問句rhetoricalquestion感嘆疑問句exclamatoryquestion存在句existentialsentence肯定句positivesentence否定句negativesentence祈使句imperativesentence省略句ellipticalsentence感嘆句exclamatorysentence基本句型basicsentencepatern句子成分membersofsentences主語subject謂語predicate賓語object雙賓語dualobject直接賓語directobject間接賓語indirectobject復合賓語complexobject同源賓語cognateobject補語complement主補subjectcomplement賓補objectcomplement表語predicative定語attribute同位語appositive狀語adverbial句法關系syntacticrelationship并列coordinate從屬subordination修飾modification前置修飾pre-modification后置修飾post-modification限制restriction雙重限制double-restriction非限制non-restriction數number單數形式singularform復數形式pluralform規則