課時分層作業(四)［語言知識練習固根底］單句語法填空ThebossdemandedthatMaryshouldfinish(finish)itwithinaweek.I*vealwaysheldtothebelief(believe)thatthemorepeoplehave,themoretheywant.Ishal1bedelighted(delight)toshowyouaroundtheplace.Atthemomenthedoesn,thaveapennytohisname.Thetalltowerstoodoutamongthelowbuildings.Canyoudescribetheearthquakej_ndetai1tome?Nothingcanpreventusfromcarrying(carry)outtheplan.Thequestioncomesclowntowhetherweoughttoactuponhisadvice.Welookforwardtohaving(have)youwithustonight.Hismothertoldhimtowearhishat."Whatfor?”heasked.［高考題型練習提能力］【.閱讀理解aretheclassicrulesfortheeveningbroadcastsandthemorningpapers.Butnowthatinformationisbeingspreadandmonitored(監控)indifferentways?researchersarediscoveringnewrules.Bytrackingpeople*se-mailsandonlineposts,scientistshavefoundthatgoodnewscanspreadfasterandfartherthandisastersandsobstories.“Theiifitbleeds*ruleworksformassmedia,"saysJonahBerger,ascholarattheUniversityofPennsylvania."Theywantyoureyeballsanddon*tcarehowyou*rcfeeling.Butwhenyoushareastorywithyourfriends,youcarealotmorehowtheyreact.Youdon,twantthemtothinkofyouasaDebbieDowner.”Researchersanalyzingword-of-mouthcommunicatione-mails,Webpostsandreviews,face-to-faceconversations-foundthatittendedtobemorepositivethannegative(消極的)，butthatdidn'tnecessarilymeanpeoplepreferredpositivenews.Waspositivenewssharedmoreoftensimplybecausepeopleexperiencedmoregoodthingsthanbadthings?Totestforthatpossibi1ity,DrBergerlookedathowpeoplespreadaparticukirsetofnewsstories:thousandsofarticlesonTheNewYorkTimeswebsite.HeandaPenncolleagueanalyzedthe“moste-mailed"listforsixmonths.Oneofhisfirstfindingswasthatarticlesinthesciencesectionweremuchmorelikelytomakethelistthannon-sciencearticles.HefoundthatscienceamazedTimesreadersandmadethemwanttosharethispositivefeelingwithothers.Readersalsotendedtosharearticlesthatwereexcitingorfunny,orthatinspirednegativefeelingslikeangeroranxiety,butnotarticlesthatleftthemmerelysad.Theyneededtobearoused（激發）onewayortheother,andtheypreferredgoodnewstobad.Themorepositiveanarticle,themorelikelyitwastobeshared,asDrBergerexplainsinhisnewbook,aContagious：WhyThingsCatchOn.”【語篇解讀】本文是一篇議論文，研究說明好消息要比壞消息在網絡上傳播的更快、更廣。Whatdotheclassicrulesmentionedinthetextapplyto?A.Newsreports.B.Researchpapers.C.Privatee-mails.D.Dailyconversations.A［細節理解題。根據首段中的"Thosearetheclassicrulesfortheeveningbroadcastsandthemorningpapers.v可知，這些規那么適用;新聞報道。應選A。］WhatcanweinferaboutpeoplelikeDebbieDowner?They*resociallyinactive.They*regoodattellingstories.They'reinconsiderateofothers.They'recarefulwiththeirwords.C［推理判斷題。根據第二段最后兩句可知，像DebbieDowner那樣的人是不考慮別人感受的。應選C。］Whichtendedtobethemoste-mailedaccordingtoDrBerger'sresearch?A.Sportsnews.B.Sciencearticles.C.Personalaccounts.D.Financialreviews.B［細節理解題。根據第三段最后兩句可知，人們更愿意轉發一些科學類的文章。應選Bo］Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?SadStoriesTravelFarandWideOnlineNewsAttractsMorePeopleReadingHabitsChangewiththeTimesGoodNewsBeatsBadonSocialNetworksD［標題歸納題。全文講述了好消息在社交網絡媒體中傳播得更快更深遠的現實，這打破了傳統媒體中壞消息傳播得又快又廣的慣例，正面的新聞更容易被分享。應選D。］II.閱讀七選五TipsforCookingonaTightScheduleFrommyexperience,therearethreemainreasonswhypeopledon,tcookmoreoften:ability,money,andtime.1MoneyisatopicI'11discussanotherday.SotodayIwanttogiveyousomewisdomabouthowtomakethemostofthetimeyouspendinthekitchen.Herearethreetipsforgreatcookingonatightschedule：thinkaheadofthecomingweek.Whenwillyouhavetimetocook?Doyouhavetherightmaterialsalready?2Makeyourtimeworthit.Whenyoudofindtimetocookameal,makethemostofitandsaveyourselftimelateron.Areyoumakingoneloafofbread?3Ittakesaroundthesameamountoftimetomakemoreofsomething.Sosaveyourselftheeffortforafuturemeal.4Thismaysurpriseyou,butoneofthebesttoolsformakingcookingistotrynewthings.Itgivesyouthechancetohituponnewideasandrecipesthatcanworkwellwithyourappetiteandschedule.Themoreyoulearnandthemoreyoutry,themoreabilityyouhavetotakecontrolofyourfoodandyourschedule.Hopefullythatgivesyouagoodstart.5Anddon'tletabusyschedulediscourageyoufrommakingsomegreatchangesinthewayyoueatandlive!Trynewthings.Abilityiseasilyimproved.Makethreeorfourinstead.Understandyourfoodbetter.Cookingisaburdenformanypeople.Letcookingandlivingsimplybeajoyratherthanaburden.Alittletimeplanningaheadcansavealotofworklateron.【語篇解讀】本文提出了如何在緊張的時間內抽出時間來自己做飯的三個建議。B［根據上文Frommyexperience,therearethreemainreasonswhypeopledon，tcookmoreoften:ability,moneyandtime.和下文M,根據我的經歷,人們不經常做飯的三個主要原因是：能力、金錢和時間。錢的問題我改天說，今天我想給你們一些關于如何充分利用你在廚房的時間的聰明做法。因此推斷B項“能力很容易提高"與上下文一致。應選Bo］G［根據上，提前一周想好，在有空的時候準備好食材。因此推斷G項“提前用一點兒時間來規劃未來可以節省以后的很多工作〃與上下文一致。應選G。］C［根據段落標題Makeyourtimeworthit.可知讓時間用得值。因此推斷做面包時，做三、四個而不是一個，可以給自己節省以后的時間，做一個和做三、四個面包所花費的時間差不多。應選C。］A［本段講述要敢于嘗試，這樣才會引起自己的食欲，才可以使自己用在做飯上的時間和努力值得。學得越多，嘗試越多，控制食材和時間的能力就會越強。因此推斷此段建議要嘗試新事物。應選A。］F［根據空格上下文可知，希望這些建議能給你一個良好的開端。不要讓繁忙的日程消除你為了吃飯和生活所做的一些大變化！因此推斷F項“(讓烹飪和生活成為一種快樂，而不是負擔〃與上下文一致。應選F。)］III.語法填空MostAmericansdonttliketoget<idvicefrommembersoftheirfcimily.Theygetadvicefrom“strangers”.Whentheyneedadvice,theydon*t1.,manyof2.writeletterstonewspapersandmagazines3.giveadviceonmanydifferentsubjects,4.(include)familyproblems,theuseoflanguage,health,cooking,childcare,clothes,andeven5.howtobuyahouseoracar.Mostnewspapersregularlyprintlettersfrom6.(read)withproblems.Alongwiththelettersareanswers7.(write)bypeoplewhoaresupposed8.(know)howtosolvesuchproblems.Someofthesewritersaredoctors,andothersarelawyersoreducators