Thefive-metredeepdivingpool-whichwasanormalbluecolourduringthemen'seventlastnight-appearedtoslowlyturngreenerasthecompetitionwenton.Left,howthewaterappearedonTuesdaymorning,andright,howitlookedonTuesdayafternoon.Rioofficialshavesofarbeenunabletoprovideanexplanation.

Itwasalmostimpossibletofindthediversastheyswambacktothesurfaceofthemurky

[?m?:ki](混濁的)waterafterdivingin.ThepoolwaterlookedmorelikeithadbeenimportedfromtheAmazon.algae英[??ld?i:]藻類BrazilianflagUrine[?j??r?n]OtherTheyhavedonenothingtofixtheissue.ItwasalmostimpossibletofindthediversRioofficialshavebeenunabletoprovideanexplanation.Thedivingpoolappearedtoslowlyturngreener.GrammarandusageTo-infinitive(動詞不定式)P8動詞不定式會出現在句中的哪些位置，即能在句中做什么成分？thesubjectTofindabestfriend

isdifficult.=Itisdifficulttofindabestfriend.theobjectIneedtosleepforeighthourseverynight.主語賓語theobjectcomplement(1)Iaskedhimtocomeover.(2)HeadvisedmetoreadEnglishasoftenaspossible.賓補Toerrishuman,toforgiveisdivine[d??va?n].(Allpeoplecommitsinsandmakemistakes.Godforgivesthem,andpeopleareactinginagodlike(divine)waywhentheyforgive.

)犯錯者為人，諒錯者為神。theattributive(1)Ihaveanimportantmeetingtoattend.(2)Ihavealotofworktodo.thepredicativeHisaimistocheermeup.定語表語theadverbialWeneedtoapologizequicklytoavoidlosingagoodfriend.狀語主語賓語賓補定語表語狀語不定式可作主語不定式作主語時，常用it作形式主語，而將作主語的不定式放在句子后部。Sometimesitisnecessarytogiveupsomethingyouwant.Ittakestimeandenergytobuildgoodrelationshipwithothers.主語不定式作主語時，常用it作形式主語，而將作主語的不定式放在句子后部。Sometimes,togiveupsomethingyouwantforfriendshipisnecessary.Sometimes,itisnecessarytogiveupsomethingyouwantforfriendship.學好英語要花(take)時間和精力(energy)。TolearnEnglishwelltakestimeandenergy.【譯一譯】IttakestimeandenergytolearnEnglishwell.賓語賓語是否由不定式充當要看動詞的搭配.假裝開心承諾不告訴任何其他人pretendtobecheerfulpromisenottotellanyoneelseTheautumnseems______(be)hotterthanthesummer.Thedivingpoolappearedtoslowlyturngreener.tobe(2011山東)Thetwogirlsaresoalikethatstrangersfind_______difficulttotellonefromtheother.

it賓補乞求她不要告訴任何其他人beghernottotellanyoneelse賓補是否由不定式充當要看動詞的搭配.Iwatchedhim_________(disappear)inthedistance.改成被動語態:Hewaswatched___________inthedistance.disappear賓補(Bareinfinitive)todisappear“五看三使兩聽一感覺”定語Ihaveaveryimportantmeeting

toattend.Ihavenothing

tosay.Wouldyoulikesomething

todrink?

不定代詞,thefirst,thelast,theonly后用不定式作定語。動賓關系動賓關系動賓關系Thevideo,GangnamStyle,isbecomingthefirstvideo______(get)morethanonebillionviews.toget【改錯】Ihavenothingtoworry.about狀語(1)Hecameheretoattendanimportantmeeting.(2)Iwasshockedtofindapieceofpaperonmydesk.(3)Herushedtotheairport,onlytofindhisfriendhadleft.（目的狀語）（原因狀語）(結果狀語)目的狀語-inordertodo...;soastodo...“為了不去做”inordernottodo...;soasnottodo...1.Itistoogood______(be)true.2.Heisold

enough_______(make)hisowndecision.3.I’mnotsuchafool___________(believe)that.I’mnotso_______astobelievethat.

tobeastobelievetomake(結果狀語)foolish不定式省略現象有兩個以上的不定式并列在一起時,

第二個不定式的to可以省略e.g.Lilypromisedtofinishherhomeworkand

handitontime.DoyouwanttogoshoppingorwatchTV.Idecidedtoridethere

ratherthanwalk.在固定詞組和句型中省略to常見的固定搭配有:1.hadbetterdo/hadbetternotdo2.whynotdosth?3.havenothingtodobutdo...4.wouldratherdo...不定式的進行式、完成式和被動式①不定式的進行式：tobe+V-ing,表示謂語動詞動作發生時，不定式的動作正在進行。Tompretended

____________(do)hishomeworkwhenhismothercamein.②不定式完成式：tohave+V-ed，用來表示動作發生在謂語動作之前.Whenhismotheraskedhim,hepretended_____________(finish)hishomework③不定式的被動式分為一般式被動tobeV-ed和完成式被動tohavebeenV-edHerefused___________(invite)tohisfriend’sparty.tobedoing

tohavefinishedtobe