山西省臨汾市華望中學2022-2023學年高三英語模擬試題含解析一、選擇題1.Anunhappychildhoodmayhavesomenegativeimpactsonaperson’scharacter-shaping.However,theyarenotalways___________.A.practical B.avoidableC.permanent D.beneficial參考答案：C【詳解】考查形容詞辨析。A.practical實際的；實用的；B.avoidable可以避免的；C.permanent永久的；D.beneficial有益的；句意：不幸福的童年對一個人的性格塑造有一些消極的影響。然而，這些影響并不永久存在。根據句意可知C項符合語境，指這些消極影響可能被消除。故C項正確。2._____putintoprison_____toregretwhathehaddone.A.Notuntilwashe…hebegan

B.Notuntilhewas…didhebeginC.Onlyafterhewas…thathebegan

D.Scarcelyhadbebeen…than參考答案：B略3.---HowdoyouthinkIcanmakeupwithTony?

---Putaside______youdisagreeandtrytofind______youhaveincommon.

A.what;whatB.what;whereC.where;what

D.where;where參考答案：考點：考查名詞性從句【答案】4.

Little_______thatthebasketballheonceplayedcouldbesoldfor150,000yuanatauction.A.YaoMingexpected

B.YaoMinghadexpectedC.didYaoMingexpect

D.hadYaoMingexpected參考答案：D5.Ifyouseethingsinanegativelight,youwillfindfaultseverywhereandproblemswheretherearereally________．A.none

B.someC.many

D.nothing參考答案：A【詳解】考查代詞辨析。句意：如果你用消極的眼光看待事物，你會發現到處都是錯誤，到處都是問題。A.none沒有任何東西；B.some一些；C.many許多；D.nothing無事，無物。此處指沒有問題的地方也有問題，故選A.6.Thecompanyisnowin____chargeofMr.Smith,whowasmade_____managerofitlastweek.A./;the

B.the;the

C.the;/

D./;/參考答案：C7.________twiceayear,whetheritisacarorbusoratruck,istherulethateverydrivermustobeyinthiscity.A.Examined

B.Examining

C.Havingbeenexamined

D.Beingexamined參考答案：D句意：一年檢查車兩次是這個城市每個司機必須要遵守的規則，無論是小汽車、公交車或是卡車。此處作主語，故用動詞的-ing形式，因為車是被檢查，所以用被動。故選C。8.YuanLongpinghaswonmanyawards,

showshisextraordinaryachievements.A.what B.that C.who D.which參考答案：D9.Aroundtwoo’clockeverynight,Suewillstarttalkinginherdream.Itsomewhat________us.

A.bothers B.hadbothered C.wouldbother D.bothered參考答案：A10.—Ithoughttomorrowwasthedeadlineformyconfirmation.—Nevermind.Callmelaterandtellmewhatyou________then.A.wouldthink

B.hadthought

C.think

D.thought參考答案：C11.AftergreateffortsPresidentObanomawaselectedtoasecond

ofoffice．A．turn

B．round

C．term

D．stage參考答案：C12.30．AfterwatchingthemovieInception《盜夢空間》,IboughtsomeDVDcopiesofthefilm,butnow

-_______isleft．

A．noone

B．nothing

C．none

D．neither參考答案：C略13.HetookpossessionofNewZealand_______theBritishCrown.

A．tothenameof

B．inthenameof

C．underthenameof

D．ofthenameof參考答案：A14.Ican’trememberwhen______turningpointoccurredexactly,butitmightbe______summermorningwhenIwasinNewYork.A.不填；a

B.a;a

C.the;a

D.a;the參考答案：C15.He______writingthepapernow.Hehadn’twrittenasinglewordwhenIlefthimtenminutesago.A.shouldn’tbe B.can’thavefinishedC.can’tbe D.mustn’thavefinished參考答案：B【詳解】考查推測句。句意：他現在不可能寫完了卷子。我十分鐘之前留下他時，他還沒有寫一個字。根據句意可知，此處考查對過去情況的否定推測，其表達為can’thavedone不可能做某事，故選B項。【點睛】本題考查推測句對過去情況的肯定推測是musthavedone對過去情況的否定推測是can’t/couldn’thavedone例如:Thegroundiswet,soitmusthaverainedlastnight.Hecan’thavefinishedhiswork,becauseheplayedbasketballalldayyesterday.16.

—How

did

you

like

Nick—To

be

honest,

his

singing

didn’t

_______to

me

much

A.

appeal

B

.

belong

C

refer

D.

occur參考答案：A二、完型填空17.完型填空（共20小題；每小題1分，滿分20分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從第61—80

各題所給的四個選項（A、B、C

和D）

中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卷上將該項涂黑。Sincemyfamilywerenotgoingtobehelpful,IdecidedIwouldlookforoneallbymyselfandnottellthemaboutittillI’dgotone.

Ihadseenanagency(中介機構)advertisedinalocalnewspaper.Irushedoutofthe61

insearchofit.Iwaswildlyexcited,andas

62

asifIweregoingonthestage.Findingthe

63

quiteeasily,Iranbreathlesslythroughadoorwhichsaid“Enterwithoutknocking,ifyouplease.”

Thesimpleatmosphereoftheoffice

64

me.Thewomanlookedcarefullyatme65throughherglasses,andthen

66

meinalowvoice.Iansweredsoftly.AllofasuddenIstartedtofeelrather

67

.ShewonderedwhyIwaslookingforthissortof

68

.Ifeltevenmorehelplesswhenshetoldmethatitwouldbe

69

togetajobwithout

70

.IwonderedwhetherIoughttoleave,

71

thetelephoneonherdeskrang.Iheardhersay:“72

,I’vegotsomeoneinthe

73

atthisverymomentwhomight

74

.”Shewrotedowna75

,andhelditouttome,saying:“Ringupthislady.Shewantsa

76

immediately.Infact,youwouldhavetostarttomorrowbycookingadinnerfortenpeople.”

“Ohyes,”saidI—

77

havingcookedformorethanfourinmylife.I

78

heragainandagain,andrushedouttothe

79

telephonebox.Icollectedmythoughts,tookadeepbreath,andrangthenumber.IsaidconfidentlythatIwasjustwhatshewaslookingfor.Ispentthenextfewhours

80

cookbooks.61.A.bed

Bhouse

C.agency

D.office

62.A.proud

B.pleased

C.nervous

D.worried

63.A.family

B.door

C.place D.stage

64.A.calmed

B.excited

C.frightened

D.disturbed

65.A.asusual

B.forawhile

C.inaminute

D.onceagain

66.A.advised

B.examined

C.informed

D.questioned

67.A.encouraged

B.dissatisfied

C.hopeless

D.pleased

68.A.place

B.job

C.advice

D.help

69.A.difficult

B.helpless

C.possible

D.unusual

70.A.ability

B.experience

C.

knowledge

D.study

71.A.after

B.since

C.

until

D.when

72.A.Aboveall

B.Asamatteroffact C.

Asaresult

D.Inspiteofthat

73.A.family

B.house

C.

office

D.restaurant

74.A.hire

B.accept

C.

suit

D.offer

75.A.letter B.name

C.

note

D.number

76.A.cook

B.help

C.

teacher

D.secretary

77.A.almost

B.never C.

nearly

D.really

78.A.answered

B.promised

C.

thanked

D.told

79.A.outside

B.local

C.

closest

D.nearest

80.A.borrowing

B.buying

C.

reading

D.writing參考答案：61.BCCAB

66.DCBAB

71.DBCCD

76.ABCDC略三、閱讀理解18.Whenadriverslamsonthebrakestoavoidhittingapedestriancrossingtheroadillegally,sheismakingamoraldecisionthatshiftsriskfromthepedestriantothepeopleinthecar.Self-drivingcarsmightsoonhavetomakesuchethical(道德的)judgmentsontheirown—butsettlingonauniversalmoralcodeforthevehiclescouldbeatoughtask,suggestsasurvey.Thelargesteversurveyofmachineethics,calledtheMoralMachine,laidout13possiblesituationsinwhichsomeone’sdeathwasunavoidable.Respondentswereaskedtochoosewhotospareinsituationsthatinvolvedamixofvariables:youngorold,richorpoor,morepeopleorfewer.Within18months,theonlinequizhadrecorded40milliondecisionsmadebypeoplefrom233countriesandterritories.Whentheresearchersanalysedtheseanswers,theyfoundthatthenationscouldbedividedintothreegroups.OnecontainsNorthAmericaandseveralEuropeannationswhereChristianityhasbeenthedominant(占支配地位的)religion;anotherincludescountriessuchasJapan,IndonesiaandPakistan,withstrongConfucianorIslamictraditions.AthirdgroupconsistsofcountriesinCentralandSouthAmerica,suchasColombiaandBrazil.Thefirstgroupshowedastrongerpreferenceforsacrificingolderlivestosaveyoungeronesthandidthesecondgroup,forexample.Theresearchersalsoidentifiedrelationshipsbetweensocialandeconomicfactorsinacountry.Theyfoundthatpeoplefromlywealthycountrieswithstronginstitutions,suchasFinlandandJapan,moreoftenchosetohitpeoplewhosteppedintotrafficillegallythandidrespondentsinnationswithweakerinstitutions,suchasNigeriaorPakistan.Peoplerarelyfacesuchmoraldilemmas,andsomecitiesquestionwhetherthepossiblesituationsposedintheonlinequizarerelevanttotheethicalandpracticalquestionssurroundingdriverlesscars.Buttheresearchersarguethatthefindingsrevealculturaldifferencesthatgovernmentsandmakersofself-drivingcarsmusttakeintoaccountiftheywantthevehiclestogainpublicacceptance.AtleastBarbaraWege,whoheadsagroupworkingonautonomous-vehicleethicsatAudiinIngolstadt,Germany,sayssuchstudiesarevaluable.Wegearguesthatself-drivingcarswouldcausefeweraccidents,proportionally,thanhumandriversdoeachyear—butthatpeoplemightfocusmoreoneventsinvolvingrobots.SurveyssuchastheMoralMachinecanhelptobeginpublicdiscussionsabouttheseunavoidableaccidentsthatmightdeveloptrust.“Weneedtocomeupwithasocialconsensus,”shesays,“aboutwhichriskswearewillingtotake.”38．Whyisitdifficulttosetuniversalmoralrulesforprogrammingself-drivingcars?A．Socialvaluesalwayschangewiththetimes.B．Moralchoicesvarybetweendifferentcultures.C．Drivershaveapreferenceforsacrificingtheweak.D．Carmakersarefacedwithdecisionsoflifeordeath.39．Theresearchersconductedthestudyby_____.A．usingamassiveonlinequizworldwideB．comparingdifferentculturesandcustomsC．dividingtherespondentsintothreegroupsD．performingaseriesofcontrolledexperiments40．Accordingtothestudy,inwhichcountryaredriversmorelikelytohitapedestriancrossingtheroadillegally?A．Nigeria

B．ColombiaC．Finland

D．Indonesia41．BarbaraWegewouldprobablyagreethat_____.A．Self-drivingcarswillgreatlyimprovethetrafficenvironmentB．Accidentscausedbyself-drivingcarsmightreceivemoreattentionC．Problemsinvolvingself-drivingcarsmightshakethepublictrustinsocietyD．Carmakersneedn’ttaketheriskofsolvingself-drivingcarethicaldilemmas參考答案：38．

B

39．

A

40．

C

41．

B

這是一篇議論文。文章主要講了當一名司機猛踩剎車以避免撞到非法穿越馬路的行人時，她是在做一個道德上的決定，將風險從行人轉移到車內的人。自動駕駛汽車可能很快就不得不做出這樣的道德的判斷了。38．推理判斷題。根據題目定位到第一段butsettlingonauniversalmoralcodeforthevehiclescouldbeatoughtask,suggestsasurvey.看到下一段講了這個survey，第三段揭示了研究結果：nationscouldbedividedintothreegroups，第四段alsoidentified…inacountry，通過nations，country可知實驗結果按照不同國家劃分，可見是文化差異differentcultures，故選B。39．細節理解題。根據第二段倒數第二行onlinequiz可知A正確；B選項作者只是展示不同文化的moralchoices，未提及比較；C選項根據第三段開頭analyzedtheseanswers,theyfoundthatnationscouldbedividedintothreegroups說明divided是研究結果得出的，而非conductthestudy使用的方法；D選項文章未提及experiment，research是通過analyzedtheseanswers得出的，故選A。40．細節理解題。根據題目定位到第四段第三行FinlandandJapan,moreoftenchosetohitpeoplewhosteppedintotrafficillegally可知根據這項研究，芬蘭的司機更有可能撞上非法穿越馬路的行人，故選C。41．細節理解題。根據人名定位到最后兩段，最后一段Surveys…canhelptobeginpublicdiscussionsabouttheseunavoidableaccidents可知BarbaraWege可能會同意無人駕駛汽車引發的事故可能會受到更多關注，B正確；A選項倒數第二段只提到causefeweraccidents,proportionally不等于greatlyimprove；C選項最后一段thatmightdeveloptrust可知C錯誤；D選項carmakersneedn’ttakerisk文章完全沒有提及，故選B。

19.閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。

Peoplehavestrangeideasaboutfood.Forexample,thetomatoisakindofverydeliciousvegetable.Itisoneoftheusefulplantsthatcanbepreparedinmanyways.Ithasrichnutrition(營養)andvitamin(維他命)init.Butinthe18thcentury,Americansneveratetomatoes.Theygrewthemintheirgardensbecausetomatoplantsaresopretty.Buttheythoughtthevegetablewaspoisonous(有毒的).Theycalledtomatoes“poisonapples”.

President(總統)ThomasJefferson,however,knewthattomatoesweregoodtoeat.Hewasalearnedman.HehadbeentoParis,wherehelearnedtolovethetasteoftomatoes.Hegrewmanykindsoftomatoesinhisgarden.ThePresidenttaughthiscookawayforacreamoftomatosoup.ThisbeautifulpinksoupwasservedatthePresident’sparty.Thegueststhoughtthesouptastedreallygood.Theynever