Unit3Amazingpeople

Grammar:

PastPerfectTensehad+done1.Howtoform:ThefilmhadbegunwhenIgottothecinemaWeusethesimplepasttensetotalkaboutapastaction.Whenwewanttotalkaboutsomethingthathappenedatanevenearliertimeinthepast,weuseit.IgottothecinemapresentpastThefilmhadbegun2e.g.“IhavebeentoShanghaitwice.”Shesaid.Shesaidthat___________________________.shehadbeentoShanghaitwiceWeuseitinreportedspeechtorefertoanactionthathadalreadyhappenedatthetimeofspeaking.Wecanchangethesimplepasttenseandpresentperfecttenseindirectspeechtothepastperfecttenseinreportedspeech.

e.g.“Weemptiedthetombofeverythingitcontained,”saidCarter.Cartersaidthat________________________ ________________________theyhademptiedthetombofeverythingitcontainedExplainpastpresentTheyemptiedthetombofeverythingitcontainedCartersaidthattheyhademptiedthetombPractice:‘I____(nevervisit)theGreatPyramid,butI____(read)alotaboutit,’hesaidtomeHetoldmethathe______(nevervisit)theGreatPyramid,buthe____(read)alotaboutit.3,IhaddonemyhomeworkthismorningbeforeIwenttothemuseum.Theuseofitsimplyindicatesthatanactioncomes

before

anotherpastaction.Itdoesnotmeanthatthepastactionhappenedalongtimeago.4,ThenafewmonthsafterCarterhadopenedthetomb,LordCarnarvonfellillwithafeveranddied.pastpresentCarteropenedKingTutankhamun’stombLordCarnarvondiedWeoftenusethepastperfecttensewithtimeexpressionssuchaswhen,after,before,until,since,by,for,yetandalready.e.g.Thetrain____________(leave)beforeIgottotherailwaystation.Wehadbreakfastafterwe__________(do)morningexercise.MissYang____________(be)atypistbeforeshemovedtoShenzhen.Whenwereachedthecinema,thefilm________

_________(begin).She___________(finish)herhomeworkbeforenineo’clocklastnight.5,expect,hope,mean,plan,think,want等的過去完成時形式可表示未實現(xiàn)的過去的希望,期待,意圖,欲求等.Ex.Ihadthoughtthatweweregoingtobeinvitedtodinner.我本來以為我們會被邀請去吃飯的.Ihadhopedthatwewouldbeabletoleavetomorrow,butitwasbeginningtolookdifficult.過去完成時還用于下列句型當中：Hardly/scarcely….when….Nosooner….than….e.g.我一上車車就開了。Nosooner_____I_____onthebusthanitstartedtomove.e.g.他幾乎還沒進屋電就響了。Hardly_____he________theroomwhenthetelephonerang.e.g.他們幾乎還沒開始工作就開始下起雨來了。Scarcely_____they______toworkwhenitbegantorain.hadenteredhadgothadstartedP.S主句用過去完成時,從句用一般過去時.

6.Itwasthefirst/secondtime+clause(haddone)Itwas+aperiodoftime+since(haddone)這是他第一次到中國來。Itwasthefirsttimehe______(come)toChina.他在美國已經(jīng)10年了。Itwastenyearssincehe______(be)inAmericaThePresentPerfecttenseisusedwhenwearetalkingaboutapasteventwhichrelatestothepresenttime.ThePastPerfecttenseisusedwhenwearediscussingthepastandwanttotalkaboutanevenearlierevent.

ThedifferencebetweenPresentPerfectandPastPerfect?simpleperfectcontinuouspastpresentfuturedid

had

donewas/were

doing

does/do

has

done

is/aredoing

will