e英語教程3Unit-5課件ListeningandspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCultureexpressContentListeningandspeakingReadingGPronunciationandlisteningskillsConversationsPassageListeningandspeakingPronunciationandlisteningskDifferentintonationsListentothefollowingsentenceswithdifferentintonationsandmatchthesentencesinColumnAwiththeirmeaningsinColumnB.Tips

同一個(gè)句子，可以通過不同的語調(diào)表達(dá)不同的意思。如：降調(diào)（↘）可以說明事實(shí)；升調(diào)（↗）可以表示疑問；降升調(diào)（∨）表示委婉的建議、不相信或話外有音等；升降調(diào)（∧）表示強(qiáng)烈的贊同、自鳴得意或不耐煩等。1HernameisMary.（↘）2HernameisMary.（↗）3

HernameisMary.（∨）4

HernameisMary.（∧）ColumnAAThespeakerdoesn’tbelievethat.BThespeakerhasmentionedthenameseveraltimesandbecomesimpatient.CSheisMary.DPardon,whatishername?

ColumnBDifferentintonationsListentoTipsDistinguishingdifferentintonationsofasentence日常談話中的一句話除了其詞匯意義（lexicalmeaning）外，還有語調(diào)意義（intonationmeaning）。所謂詞匯意義就是這句話中所用詞的意義，而語調(diào)意義就是說話人用語調(diào)所表示的態(tài)度或口氣。一句話的詞匯意義加上語調(diào)意義才算是完整的意義。同樣的句子，語調(diào)不同，意思就會(huì)不同。語調(diào)包括升調(diào)和降調(diào)等，一般說來，升調(diào)表示疑問、不確定與征詢意見等，而降調(diào)表示陳述、確定等。DifferentintonationsTipsDistinguishingdifferentiConversationsConversation1Conversation2FunctionallanguageExercisesExercisesFunctionallanguageConversationsConversation1ConAheleftearlier1.

Listentoaconversationandchoosethebestwaytocompleteeachofthefollowingsentences.Wordtipsrequirementn.

要求sickleaven.

病假tutorialadj.

輔導(dǎo)的1Themandoesn’tknowthecourserequirementsbecause_____.

2Themanknowsnothingaboutthecourserequirementsexcept_____.

Conversation1–Greetings&responsesB

hefellasleepinclass

CChetooksickleaveAsomethingaboutthepaper

Bgivingasmalltalktothetutorialgroup

Cmakingpreparationsforanopen-bookexamination

AAheleftearlier1. Listento2.

Listenagainandcheck(?)whatyouhear.

Conversation1–

Greetings&responsesAgivingapresentationonanytopicrelatedtothecourse;Bgivinga25-minutepresentationtothetutorialgroup;Cwritingapaperandgivingittothelecturer;Thecourserequirementsinclude:

Dfinishinganessayonafreely-chosentopic;

Ehavinganopen-bookexamination.

?????2. Listenagainandcheck(?)ScriptsConversation1–

Greetings&responsesMan:Hey,doyouhappentoknowwhatthecourserequirementsare?Itooksickleavelastweekandmissedtheclass.

Woman:Well,youhavetogiveasmalltalkandcompleteapaper.Man:I’veheardsomethingaboutthepaper.ButI’mnotquiteclearonthedetails.Canyoubemorespecific?Woman:First,you’llhavetogivea25-minutepresentationtoyourtutorialgroup.Andthenyouhavetowriteupyourpieceofworkandgiveittothelecturertobemarked.ScriptsConversation1–GreetiScriptsConversation1–

Greetings&responsesMan:Right.Andisthatall?Woman:Oh,inadditiontothat,therewillbeanopen-bookexamination.

Man:Soyouaresayingthatweneedtogiveasmallpresentation,writeapaper,andprepareforanopen-bookexamination?Woman:Yes,that’severything.Man:Gotit.Thanksalot.ScriptsConversation1–Greeti3.

Role-playaconversationinpairsaccordingtooneofthefollowingsituations.YoumayrefertotheFunctionalLanguage.Situation1A,anewcomertotheschool,isaskingBtoclarifytheschoolrulesforhim/her. (Sample)Aisastudentwhoisgoingtotakepartinapictureshow.He/Sheisconsultinghis/hertutoraboutthethingstoprepare.

Situation2(Sample)Conversation1

-Greetings&responses3. Role-playaconversationin3.

Role-playaconversationinpairsaccordingtooneofthefollowingsituations.YoumayrefertotheFunctionalLanguage.GUIDEDCONVERSATIONA:

AskBifhe/sheknowsabout…B:TellAgenerallywhatAhastodo.A:Askformorespecificinformation.B:ExplaintoAindetail.A:Showthanksandaskformoreinformation.B:Givemoreinformation. Conversation1

-Greetings&responses3. Role-playaconversationinRoleplay-SampleconversationSituation1Conversation1–

Greetings&responsesHelen:Hey,Anna.It’snicetoseeyouagain.Thankyouforshowingmethewaytomydormyesterday.Anna:You’rewelcome.Haveyougotusedtoyournewlifehere?Helen:Tobefrank,Istillfeelalittlebitnervousinthisnewplace.I’mnotquiteclearontheschool

rules.Couldyoupleasegivemesomesuggestions?Anna:Sure.Generally,youhavetodowhatyourteachersaskyoutodo.Bytheway,thelibraryis

usuallyclosedat10:30p.m.Helen:Areyousayingthatwehavetoleavethelibrarybefore10:30p.m.?Roleplay-SampleconversatioRoleplay-SampleconversationSituation1Conversation1–

Greetings&responsesAnna:Yes.Helen:Isee.Thanks.CanIuseelectrickettleinthedorm?Anna:No,youcan’t.Studentsarenotallowedtousehigh-poweredelectricitydevicesinthedorm.Itmightcauseapoweroutageandyouwillbepunished.Helen:Gotit.Thanksalot!Roleplay-SampleconversatioRoleplay-SampleconversationSituation2Conversation1–

Greetings&responsesMichael:Mr.Blake,Iamthinkingoftakingpartinthepictureshownextmonth.DoyouhappentoknowwhatpreparationsIshouldmakeforit?Mr.Blake:Well,you’dbettergettoknowtherequirementsforthepictures.Michael:Requirements?Couldyoubemorespecific?Mr.Blake:Sure.Forexample,howmanypicturesyoushouldsubmit.Michael:Isee.Thanks.Andisthatall?Mr.Blake:Thepicturesmustbeyouroriginalwork.Thepicturesmodifiedbythecomputerprogramswon’tbeaccepted.Michael:OK.Thanksalot.Mr.Blake:You’rewelcome.Roleplay-SampleconversatioFunctionalLanguageAskingforclarificationDoyouhappentoknow…? I’mnotquiteclearon… Canyoubemorespecific?Doyoumean…?Youmean…?Whatdoyoumeanby…?Couldyousaythatagain,please?Areyousayingthat…?Soyouaresayingthat…? Conversation1–AskingforclarificationFunctionalLanguageAskingfor1.

Listentoaconversationanddecidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrue(T)orfalse(F).

Wordtipstaboo

n.

禁忌ornamental

adj.裝飾性的funeraln.

葬禮connotation

n.

隱含意義even

adj.

偶數(shù)的1Indecidingwhattochooseasgifts,thewomanhastothinkhard.2Actually,theChinesedon’tgiveplatesasgifts.

3Ifthemanhasnotgivenhisadvice,thewomanmighthavemadesomestupidmistakes.

Conversation2-Makingintroductions&responsesTFT1. Listentoaconversationan2.

Listenagainandcompletethefollowingtable.

Conversation2-Makingintroductions&responsesTheChinesedon’tgiveclocksaspresentsbecausetheythinktheclocksmayhaveanimpliedmeaningof___________.

InChineseculture,________numbersareregardedaslucky,exceptforthenumber_______.

funeralevenfour2. ListenagainandcompletetScriptsConversation2–Makingintroductions&responsesAlice:Hey,LiLei.AndrewandIhavebeeninvitedtoaChinesehomefordinner.We’vebeenrackingourbrainstryingtochoosesomegiftsforthem.Canyoutellussomethingabouttheculturaltaboosinthisaspect?LiLei:Sure.Aboutthegifts,whatdoyouhaveinmind?Alice:Actually,we’veboughtsomeniceplates,clocks,and…LiLei:Hangon,yousaidclocks?Uh,actuallywedon’tgivethemaspresents,especiallytooldpeople.Alice:Sowhatyouaresayingisthatit’sabadideatogiveclocksaspresents?Butwhy?Theyareornamentalclocks,reallylovelyones.ScriptsConversation2–MakingScriptsConversation2–Makingintroductions&responsesLiLei:Well,itmaysoundstrangetoyou,buttheyhaveafuneralconnotationinChina.Asfortheplates,you’dbettergiveanevennumberofthem.Alice:Youmeanthatitisbetterifwegivesixofthemasgiftsratherthanfive?LiLei:Yeah,evennumbersareregardedasluckyinChineseculture,exceptforthenumberfour.Alice:Isee.Thanksforyouradvice;otherwisewemighthavemadesomestupidmistakes.LiLei:You’rewelcome!ScriptsConversation2–Making3.

Role-playaconversationinpairsaccordingtooneofthefollowingsituations.YoumayrefertotheFunctionalLanguage.Situation1AisfromHainan,andhe/sheisgoingtospendthewinterholidayinBeijing.Thisishis/herfirsttimetovisitacityinNorthChina,sohe/sheisaskingBwhatshouldbepreparedforthetrip.

(Sample)Situation2Atakesaninterestinplayingtennisrecently,sohe/sheisaskingB,atennisfan,toclarifysomebasicrulesinplayingtennis. (Sample)Conversation2-Makingintroductions&responses3. Role-playaconversationin3.

Role-playaconversationinpairsaccordingtooneofthefollowingsituations.YoumayrefertotheFunctionalLanguage.GUIDEDCONVERSATIONA:AskBifhe/shecantellyousomethingabout...B:Showthewillingnesstohelp.A:TellBwhatyouwanttoknow.B:GiveAsomeinformation.A:AskBtogivemorespecificinformation.B:ExplaintoAindetail.A:Showthanks. Conversation2-Makingintroductions&responses3. Role-playaconversationinRoleplay-SampleconversationSituation1Conversation2–Makingintroductions&responsesJohn:Hi,Lily.Whereareyougoingtospendyourwinterholiday?Lily:IamplanningtovisitBeijing.John:Soundsgreat!Haveyoubeentherebefore?Lily:No,thisismyfirsttime.IwaswonderingifyoucouldtellmesomethingaboutBeijingsinceyouhavebeentherebefore.John:Sure.It’smypleasure.Lily:Whatistheweatherlikethere?Roleplay-SampleconversatioRoleplay-SampleconversationSituation1Conversation2–Makingintroductions&responsesJohn:It’susuallyverycoldanddryinwinter.Youshouldbringadowncoatwithyou.Andthere

aresomanybeautifulscenicspotsinBeijing.You’dbetterplanoutinadvance.Lily:Couldyoubemorespecific?John:Beforeyougotovisitthescenicspots,youshouldgettoknowtherouteandthemeansoftransportationthedaybefore.Itwillsaveyoutime.Youcanalsogathersomeinformationabouttheplacesyou’regoingtovisit.Lily:Isee.Thankyou.Roleplay-SampleconversatioRoleplay-SampleconversationSituation2Conversation2–Makingintroductions&responsesSammy:Stacey,I’mveryinterestedintennislatelyandIwanttolearnhowtoplayit.Couldyoupleasetellmesomethingaboutit?Stacey:Sure.Whatdoyouwanttoknow?Sammy:Iwouldliketoknowthebasicrulesforplayingtennis.Stacey:Theoverallgoaloftennisistogainpointstowingames(局),sets(盤),andmatches.Aplayerwinsasetwhenhewinssixgames,providedheisaheadofhisopponentbytwogames.Roleplay-SampleconversatioRoleplay-SampleconversationSituation2Conversation2–Makingintroductions&responsesSammy:Wouldyouelaborateonthat?Stacey:Ifthedifferencebetweentheplayersislessthantwogames,thegamemaycontinuetilleitherwinsthesetbyamarginoftwo.Sammy:Isee.Thanksfortheinformation.Stacey:You’rewelcome.Roleplay-SampleconversatioFunctionalLanguageAskingforclarificationCanyoutellmesomethingabout…?Sowhatyouaresayingisthat…?Couldyouclarifythat,please?Wouldyouelaborateonthat?Couldyoubemoreexplicit? Conversation2–AskingforclarificationFunctionalLanguageAskingfor1.

Listentoapassageandchoosethebestwaytocompleteeachofthefollowingsentences.

Passage1Englishpeoplewillshakehandsinthefollowingsituationsexceptwhen_____.AtheymeetforthefirsttimeBtheymeeteachotherquiteoftenCtheywillbeawayforalongtimeWordtipscustom

n.

風(fēng)俗；習(xí)慣regularly

adv.

經(jīng)常B1. Listentoapassageandch1.

Listentoapassageandchoosethebestwaytocompleteeachofthefollowingsentences.

Passage2Themainideaofthispassagemightbe:_____.

BAthemethodofshakinghandswithforeignersBknowingsomecustomsofthecountryyouaregoingtovisitcanbeofgreathelpCmisunderstandingincustomssometimesmakespeoplelaugh1. Listentoapassageandcho2.Listenagainanddecidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrue(T)orfalse(F).

Passage1ThecustomsofGermanyarequitedifferentfromthoseoftheUK.

2TheGermanstudentswenttoEnglandforacompetition.3TheGermanstudentskepthandsbehindtheirbacksbecausetheydidn’tliketheEnglishstudents.

4TheEnglishstudentsknewthatGermansshakehandsalot.

TTFF2.ListenagainanddecidewheScriptsPassageBeforeyougotoanothercountry,itishelpfultolearnaboutthelanguageandsomeofthecustomsofthecountry.WhenpeoplemeeteachotherforthefirsttimeinEngland,theysay,“Howdoyoudo?”,andshakehands.However,theydonotshakehandsiftheyseeeachotherregularly.Theyonlyshakehandsaftertheyhaven’tmetforalongtime,orwhentheywillbeawayfromeachotherforalongtime.Butthingscanbequitedifferentinothercountries.Lastyear,agroupofGermanstudentswenttoEnglandforaholiday.TheirteachertoldthemthattheEnglishpeoplehardlyshakehands.SowhentheymettheirEnglishfriendsatthestation,theykepttheirhandsbehindtheirbacks.TheEnglishstudents,however,hadlearnedthattheGermansshakehandsasoftenaspossible,sotheyputtheirhandsinfrontandgotreadytoshakehandswiththem.Itmadebothofthemlaugh.ScriptsPassageBeforeyougoto3.Oneofyourclosefriendsisplanningtotravelabroad,andthisishisorherfirsttimetovisitaforeigncountry.Offerhimorhersomeadviceonthecustomsandculturaltaboosofthecountry.Youcandosomeresearchbeforehand.Passage3.OneofyourclosefriendsiPassageAdditionalinformation:CulturaltaboosinEgypt:DonotuseyourlefthandinsocialsituationseithertogestureortouchanEgyptianbecausethelefthandisconsideredevilandunclean.BecarefulofyourposturewhendealingwithEgyptians.Donotdrapeyourselfoveryourchair,leanagainstawall,orkeepyourhandsinyourpocketswhendealingwithanEgyptian.Alloftheabovemaybeconsideredsignsofdisrespect.CulturaltaboosinThailand:Don’ttouchsomeone’sheadfortheheadisconsideredthemostsacred.Pointingatsomeoneisconsideredrudeinmanycultures,particularlyinThailand.Ifyoumustindicatesomeone,dosobyliftingyourchinintheirdirection. PassageAdditionalinformation:PassageAPassageBDoestravelbroadenthemind?FromShakespearetoculturalexchangesReadingPassageAPassageBDoestravelDoestravelbroadenthemind?Lead-inTextstudyExercisesPassageADoestravelbroadenthemind?LPassageA–Amother’slttertotheworldLead-inExtendedreadingPre-readingquestionsPassageA–Amother’slttertMealcultureinItalyOneofthegreatpleasuresofItalyiseating.InItalybreakfastisnormallyaround8:00a.m.andconsistsofbiscuitsorcroissants(羊角面包),accompaniedbystrongcoffeeorperhapstea.Themainmealofthedayisoftenlunch,whichstartsanywherebetween1:00and2:00p.m.andmaylastuptotherehours(dependingontheregion),althoughofficeworkerswillusuallyeatandleavefaster.Ifaheavylunchhasbeeneaten,theeveningmealmayconsistsofalightsnack.Dinnerisusuallyaround8:00p.m.,butmaybeaslateas10:00p.m.Ifthebreadwinnercannotgetbackforlunch,dinnerbecomesthemainmeal.Childrentendtostayuplate,withnofixedbedtimes.Breadwithoutbutterisservedandthereisusuallywineandwater.Whenthefamilyhasguests,theheadPassageA–Doestravelbroadenthemind?Lead-in-ExtendedreadingMealcultureinItalyPassageAofthehouseholdpoursthefirstroundofwineandmayproposeatoastandtheneveryoneservesthemselves.“Cheers”inItalyis“Salute.”Afull-scaleItalianmealissubstantial,andsovariedthatitbearsouttheadage(諺語):theappetitegrowswitheating.Twomaincoursesareprecededbyastarterandfollowedbycheese,adessert,and/orfruit.Thestarterisoftenaselectionofcoldmeatsandmarinated(腌泡的)vegetables.Parmahamandmelonarepopularantipasti.

Thefirstmaindish,theprimo,isusuallypastaorrisottoor

perhapsasoup.Minestroneisavegetablesoup.Thesecondmaincoursewillbemeatorfishplusacookedvegetable,oftenservedPassageA–Doestravelbroadenthemind?Lead-in-Extendedreadingofthehouseholdpoursthefirseparatelyasasidedish.Thecontorni(includingpotatoes)oftenfollowtheseconddishastheyareseenaspalettecleansers(清潔劑)ratherthanasanaccompanimenttothemeatorfish.Pastaisalmostnevereatenasamealinitself,exceptforlasagne(烤奶酪肉餡面條),andifyoufeelawholeportionofpastaasafirstcourseistoomuchforyou,itisacceptabletoaskforahalfportion.

Thismayfollowedbycheeseandfruit,thendessertandcoffee.ItisabsolutelynormalforItalianstodrinkwinewiththeirmeal,eveninworkinghours.Tapwaterisfree,butmostItalianswillaskformineralwater,eithersparklingorstill.PassageA–Doestravelbroadenthemind?Lead-in-Extendedreadingseparatelyasasidedish.ThePassageA–Doestravelbroadenthemind?Pre-readingquestionsWorkingroupstodiscussthefollowingquestions.Doyoutravelalot?Whatisthemostinterestingtravelexperienceyou’veeverhad?Whatdoyoulikeordislikeabouttraveling?Why?PassageA–DoestravelbroadePassageA–Doestravelbroadenthemind?TextstudyOrganizationofthetextLanguagepointsTextreadingPassageA–DoestravelbroadePassageADoestravelbroadenthemind?1.Weoftenhearpeoplesaythattravelbroadensthemind:Ifyoustayinyourowncountryyourwholelife,yourideasremainnarrow;ifyoutravelabroadyouseenewcustoms,meetnewpeople,eatnewfood,donewthings,andcomebackhomemorebroad-minded.PassageADoestravelbroadentPassageADoestravelbroadenthemind?2.Butdoesthisalwayshappen?AnacquaintanceofminewholivesinEnglandhadneverbeenabroad;untillastsummerhedecidedtogotoFranceforatrip.Whenhereturned,Iaskedhimhowhelikedit.“Terrible,”washisanswer.“Icouldn’tgetanicecupofteaanywhere.ThankgoodnessI’mback.”Iaskedhimwhetherhehadanygoodfoodwhilehewasthere.“Oh,thedinnerswereallright,”hesaid.“Ifoundalittleplacewheretheymadequitegoodfishandchips.Notasgoodasours,mindyou,buttheywereacceptable.Butthebreakfastswereterrible:nobaconorkippers.Ihadfriedeggsandchips,butitwasquiteaneffortgettingthemtomakethem.Theyexpectedmetoeatrolls.AndwhenIaskedformarmalade,theybroughtstrawberryjam.Anddoyouknow,theyinsistedthatitwasmarmalade?Thetroubleistheydon’tknowEnglish.”

_______________________________________________________________________________________________PassageADoestravelbroadentPassageADoestravelbroadenthemind?3.Ithoughtituselesstoexplainthatweborrowedtheword“marmalade”fromFrench,andthatitmeans,inthatlanguage,anykindofjam.SoIsaid,“Butdidn’tyoueatanyofthefamousFrenchfood?”

“What?Me?”hesaid.“Ofcoursenot!GivemegoodoldEnglishfoodeverytime!Noneofthosefancybitsforme!”Clearly,travelinghadnotbroadenedhismind.HehadgonetoFrancedeterminedtolivethereexactlyasifhewereinEnglandandhadjudgeditentirelyfromhisownEnglishviewpoints.PassageADoestravelbroadentPassageADoestravelbroadenthemind?4.Thisdoesnot,ofcourse,happenonlytoEnglishmeninFrance.Peopleofalldifferentraces,inallforeigncountries,canbefoundjudgingwhattheysee,hear,taste,andsmellaccordingtotheirownhabitsandcustoms.Peoplewhoarebettereducatedandwhohavereadalotaboutforeigncountriestendtobemorereadytoacceptandadjusttoforeignthings,butthisisbecausetheirmindshavealreadybeenbroadenedbeforetheystarttraveling.Infact,itiseasiertobebroad-mindedaboutforeignhabitsandcustomsifone’sacquaintancewiththesethingsislimitedtobooksandfilms.TheAmericanssmiletolerantlyovertheabsenceofcentralheatinginmostEnglishhomeswhentheyarethemselvescomfortablyseatedinarmchairsintheircentrallyheatedhousesinChicago;theEnglishmenreadaboutthesanitaryarrangementsinacertaintropicalcountry,andtheinhabitantsofthelatterreadabouttheLondonfogs,andeachsidemanagestobedetachedandbroad-minded.Butactualphysicalcontactwiththingsoneisnotusedtoismuchmoredifficulttobear.___________________________________________________________PassageADoestravelbroadentPassageADoestravelbroadenthemind?5.Physicaldifferencesarenotsodifficulttoadaptoneselftoasreligious,ethical,andirrationalones.Indonesiansaretrainedfromearliestchildhoodtogiveandreceivethingswiththerighthandonly.Thelefthandisconsideredunclean.WhenaforeigneroffersanIndonesiansomethingwithhislefthand,orholdsouthislefthandtotakesomethingheisbeingoffered,theIndonesianmayexplainthisactionrationallyasarisingfromadifferenceincustom,butthedeepprejudiceagainsttheuseofthelefthand,whichhehasbeenlecturedaboutoverandoveragainsincehewasyoung,willnotbesoeasilydoneawaywith.______________________________________________________________________________________PassageADoestravelbroadentPassageADoestravelbroadenthemind?6.Therearesometravelerswhoadaptthemselvessosuccessfullytoforeigncustomsandhabitsthattheyareoftenseverelycriticizedbytheirmorestubbornfellowcountrymen.IftheyareAsians,theyareaccusedofhavingbecome“Westernized”;andiftheyareEuropeans,peoplesaytheyhave“gonenative.”Whichisbetter:rigid,self-satisfiedprejudiceagainstforeignthingsorlossofyourcertaintythatyourowncountry’shabitsandcustomsaretheonlyrightones,andhencetheinabilitytobeoneoftheherdanylonger?7.Perhapstheidealwouldbethattravelcouldmakepeopletolerantofthehabitsandcustomsofotherswithoutabandoningtheirown.Shouldn’tthestandardforjudgingaforeignerbe:Doeshetrytobepoliteandconsideratetoothers?insteadof:Ishelikeme?________________________________________________________________________________________________PassageADoestravelbroadentPartIII(Para.______)PassageA–Doestravelbroadenthemind?OrganizationofthetextPartI(Para.______)PartII(Para.______)PartIV

(Para.______)1-345Argumentation:Thecasedoesn’talwayshappen.Analysis:1.Actualphysicalcontactismoredifficult.Analysis:2.Religious,ethical,andirrationaldifferencesareevenmoredifficulttoadaptto.Structure6-7Conclusion:Theidealsolution.

PartIII(Para.______)PassagePassageA–Doestravelbroadenthemind?Notasgoodasours,mindyou,buttheywereacceptable.說真的，雖然不像我們做得那么好，但是可以接受。mindyou

這里水很深，你請(qǐng)注意不要掉下去。Thewater'sdeephere,mindyou,don'tfallin.用作插入語，意為“請(qǐng)注意”。(Line9,Para.2)PassageA–DoestravelbroadePassageA–Doestravelbroadenthemind?Ihadfriedeggsandchips,butitwasquiteaneffortgettingthemtomakethem.記新英語單詞是輕松的事情。ItisaneasytaskrememberingthenewwordsinEnglish.句中it為形式主語，gettingthemtomakethem為真正的主語。(Line11,Para.2)我吃過煎雞蛋和炸土豆條，但是讓他們做出這些東西來可就費(fèi)事了。PassageA–DoestravelbroadePassageA–Doestravelbroadenthemind?Butactualphysicalcontactwiththingsoneisnotusedtoismuchmoredifficulttobear.但真正親身接觸自己不習(xí)慣的事物卻難以忍受得多。我每天乘公共汽車去學(xué)校,所以我習(xí)慣了。Igotoschoolbybuseveryday,soI’musedtoit.(Line16,Para.4)be/getusedto(doing)sth.:習(xí)慣于（做）某事。本句中

oneisnotusedto

為定語從句，先行詞是

things。PassageA–DoestravelbroadePassageA–Doestravelbroadenthemind?Physicaldifferencesarenotsodifficulttoadaptoneselftoasreligious,ethical,andirrationalones.比起宗教、倫理和不合乎常理的差異來說，適應(yīng)具體的、實(shí)在的差異卻沒那么困難。notso…as…:情況并不像被描述的那么糟糕。Thesituationisnotsobadashasbeendescribed.不像······；不如······(Line1,Para.5)PassageA–DoestravelbroadePassageA–Doestravelbroadenthemind?Physicaldifferencesarenotsodifficulttoadaptoneselftoasreligious,ethical,andirrationalones.adaptoneselfto:孩子們很快就適應(yīng)了在小鎮(zhèn)生活。Thechildrenadaptedthemselvesquicklytolivinginasmalltown.使自己適應(yīng)(Line1,Para.5)irrational:她對(duì)蜘蛛有一種非理性的恐懼。Shehasanirrationalfearofspiders.非理性的；不合理的PassageA–DoestravelbroadePassageA–Doestravelbroadenthemind?Shouldn’tthestandardforjudgingaforeignerbe:Doeshetrytobepoliteandconsideratetoothers?insteadof:Ishelikeme?considerate:我認(rèn)為他是我見過的最有魅力,最體貼的人。Ithinkhe’sthemostcharming,mostconsideratemanI’veeverknown.體貼的(Line3,Para.7)評(píng)判外國(guó)人的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)難道不應(yīng)該是看他是否努力做到禮貌而又顧及別人的感受，而不是看他的行為舉止是否和我的一樣嗎？本句為含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞

should的反問句。PassageA–Doestravelbroadebedeterminedtodosth.(Line7,Para.3)這個(gè)足球隊(duì)決心贏得比賽。Thisfootballteamwasdeterminedtowinthegame.決心做某事PassageA–Dosetravelbroadenthemind?bedeterminedtodosth.(Linefromsb.’sownviewpoint(Line9,Para.3)試著從孩子的角度想問題。Trytothinkofitfromthechild’sviewpoint.從某人的角度考慮PassageA–Dosetravelbroadenthemind?fromsb.’sownviewpoint(Lineadjustto(Line6,Para.4)她花了幾秒鐘來適應(yīng)黑暗。Ittookherseveralsecondstoadjusttothedarkness.適應(yīng)某事物；習(xí)慣某事物PassageA–Dosetravelbroadenthemind?adjustto(Line6,Para.4)她花了幾PassageA–Dosetravelbroadenthemind?他是我父母的熟人。Hewasanacquaintanceofmyparents.acquaintance1)n.sb.youknow,butwhoisnotaclosefriend

熟人(Line9,Para.4)他們對(duì)哲學(xué)了解很少或者不了解。Theyhadlittleornoacquaintancewithphilosophy.2)n.knowledgeorexperienceofaparticularsubject

所知；了解PassageA–Dosetravelbroadeholdout(Line5,Para.5)她笑了笑，伸出了她的右手。Shesmiledandheldoutherrighthand.1)伸出我本應(yīng)堅(jiān)持要求更好的條件。Ishouldhaveheldoutforabetterdeal.2)堅(jiān)持PassageA–Dosetravelbroadenthemind?holdout(Line5,Para.5)她笑了笑，arisefrom/outof(Line7,Para.5)事故起因于粗心大意。Accidentsarisefromcarelessness.由······引起；由······產(chǎn)生PassageA–Dosetravelbroadenthemind?arisefrom/outof(Line7,Parprejudiceagainststh./sb.(Line8,Para.5)他歧視女性員工。Hehasaprejudiceagainsthiswomenemployees.對(duì)某事物/某人的偏見PassageA–Dosetravelbroadenthemind?pre