初二英語知識點總結初二年級（上）【知識梳理】重點短語ontimebestwishesgiveatalkforexampleshortforawaste3oftimegoonafield5tripgofishingIagree6nextweekthedayaftertomorrowhaveapicnichavesomeproblems7doingsth.gothewrongwayhurryupgettogetherintheopenaironMid-AutumnDaycomeover9.40.41.II.havetogethomeagreewithinthecountryintownallthesameinfrontofontheleft/rightsidenexttoupanddownkeephealthygrowupatthesametimethedaybeforeyesterdaylastSaturdayhalfanhouragoamomentagojustnowbythewayallthetimeatfirst重要句型Whydon'tyou…？We'regoing9todosth.startwithsth.Whynot…？Areyougoingto…？befriendly10tosb.You'dbetterdosth.asksb.forsth.saygoodbyetosb.Goodluck(withsb)!交際用語Welcomebacktoschool!Excuseme.I'msorryI'mlate,becausethetraffic11isbad.3.Itdoesn'tmatter.HappyTeachers'Day!That'sagoodidea.Whatareyougoingtodo？Wherearewegoing？Whatarewegoingtodo？9.1'mgoodat…lO.It'snotfarfrom…Areyoufree12tomorrowevening？Would13youandLily14liketocomeovertomyhomeforMidAutumnFestival？13.I'mgladyoucancome.Thanksforaskingus.Howaboutanotherone?MayIhaveataste?Letmewalkwithyou.Whatdoyouhavetodo?Doyouliveonafarm?Whichdoyoulikebetter,thecityorthecountry?Whichdoyoulikebest,dogs,catsorchickens?22.Shall15wegoatten?Goodidea!---Let'smakeithalfpastone.---OK.---Whynotcomealittleearlier?---Allright.Excuseme.Where'sthenearestpostoffice,please?26.It'soverthereontheright.27.I'msorryIdon'tknow.You'dbetter…Thankyouallthesame.WhichbusdoItake?Goalong17thisroad.Whatdaywas2ityesterday?33.I'msorrytohearthat.34.Ihope18you'rebetternow.35.Whydid19youcallme?36.1calledtotell…重要語法begoingto的用法；形容詞的比較級、最高級;形容詞和副詞的比較一般過去時【名師講解】onthestreet/inthestreet表示“在街上"時，onthestreet和inthestreet都可以，在美國多用onthestreet,在英國多用inthestreet.例如：Wehaveahouseinthestreet.我們在街上有座房子。Imethimonthestreet.我在街上遇見了他。wouldlike/likewouldlike和like含義不同。like意思是“喜歡"，“愛好"，而wouldlike意思是“想要”。試比較：Ilikebeer.=I'mfond20ofbeer.我喜歡喝啤酒。I'dlikeaglassofbeer=Iwantaglassofbeer.我想要一杯啤酒。Doyoulikegoingtothecinema?你喜歡看電影嗎?Wouldyouliketogotothecinematonight?你今晚想去看電影嗎?another/theotheranother通常用于三個或三個以上或不確定數量中的任意一個人或物體。例如：MayIhaveanotherapple,please?請在給我一個蘋果好嗎?Thiscoatistoosmallforme.Pleaseshowmeanother這件外套我穿太小，請再給我拿一件看看。theother通常指兩者中的另一個。例如：Hehastworulers.Oneisshort.Theotherislong.他有兩把尺子，一把短的，另一把長的。Ihavetwobrothers.Oneworks21inXi'an.TheotherworksinBeijing.我有兩個兄弟，一個在西安工作，另一個在北京工作。haveto/musthaveto和must都可以用來談論義務，但用法略有不同。如果某人主觀上覺得必須去做而又想去時，常用must。如果談論某種來自“外界”的義務，常用haveto。例如：Imuststopsmoking22.我必須戒煙。(自己想戒煙)Theyhavetoworkfortheboss23.他們不得不為那個老板工作。(條件逼得他們去工作)haveto可用于多種時態，must只能用于一般現在時。例如：I'llhavetogetupearlytomorrowmorning.明天早晨我必須早早起床。Wehad24toworklonghourseverydayinorder25togetmoremoney.為了多掙錢，我們不得不每天長時間地工作。用于否定句時，mustn't意思是“決不能”，“禁止”，而don'thaveto意思是“不必"，相當于needn't。例如：Youmustn'tbelateagainnexttime.下一次你決不能再遲到。Youdon'thavetogotheretoday.Youcangotheretomorrow.你今天不必到那里去了。你可以明天去。hearsb.orsth.doingsth./herarsb.orsth.dosth.hearsb.orsth.doingsth.意思是“聽到某人或某物在做某事"，而hearsb.orsth.dosth.意思是“聽到某人或某物做過某事"。試比較：IhearhimsinginganEnglishsong.聽見他在唱英歌曲。IheardhimsinganEnglishsong.我聽見他唱一首英文歌。類似hear這種用法的還有see,watch,listen,feel等感官動詞。any/someany和some都可以同不可數名詞和可數名詞的復數形式連用，但some—般用在肯定句中;any用在疑問句和否定句中。試比較：Iwantsomemoney.我想要點錢。Haveyouanymoney?你有錢嗎?Idon'thaveanymoney.我一點錢也沒有。some有時也用于疑問句，表示說話人期待一個肯定回答或鼓勵人家說“是”。例如：Wouldyoulikesomemorebeer?請你再來點啤酒好嗎？Could26Ihavesomerice,please?請給我來點米飯好嗎？hear/listentolistento和hear都有“聽"的意思，但含義有所不同。Listento強調“聽”的動作，hear強調“聽”的結果。例如：Listentome,please!I'mgoingtotellyouastory.請聽我說!我給你們講個故事。Listen!Canyouhearsomeone27cryinginthenextroom?聽!你能聽見有人在隔壁房間里哭嗎?Ilistened,butheardnothing.我聽了聽，但什么也聽不見。hear后面如果接賓語從句，常常表示“聽說”。例如：Ihearsomeforeign28studentswillvisitourschool.我聽說一些外國學生將要訪問我們學校。Ihearthereisgoingtobeafilminourschoolthisevening.我聽說今晚我們學校要演一場電影。Let's…和Letus…都表示“讓我們……”，如果us包括聽話人在內，其含義相同，附帶問句用shallwe.如果us不包括聽話人在內，其含義不同，Letus…的附帶問句要用willyou。例如：Let'sgoshopping，shallwe?我們去購物好嗎?take/bring/carry/get這四個動詞都有“拿”和“帶”的意思，但含義有所不同。take意為“帶走”，“拿走”，bring意為“帶來”，“拿來”，get表示“到別的地方把某人或某物帶來或拿來”，carry不強調方向，帶有負重的意思。試比較：Myparentsoftentakemethereonholidays.我父母常常帶我到那里去度假。I'mgoingtotakeyoutoBeijing.我準備帶你去北京。Bringmeacupoftea,please.請給我端杯茶來。I'llbringthebooktoyoutomorrow.明天我把那本書給你帶來。Thewaitercarriedthemetothetable服務員把肉送到桌上。Themonkeycarriedthebagonherback.猴子把那個包背在背上。Shewentbacktogetherhandbag29.他折回去拿他的手提包。Letmegetthedoctor.讓我去請醫生吧。faraway/farawayfaraway是一個副詞短語，意思是“很遠”。例如：Somearefaraway.Somearenearer.有些離得很遠，有些離得近一些的。Thevillageisfarawayfromhere.那個村子離這兒很遠。faraway是一個形容詞，意思是“遙遠的”，可以在句中作定語。例如：Helivesinfarawaymountainvillage.他住在一個遙遠的小山村。find和lookfor都有“找”的意思，但含義不同。find強調“找”的結果，而lookfor強調“找”的過程。請看下列例句：Heislookingforhisbike.他在找他的自行車。I'mlookingformywatch,butcan'tfindit.我在找我的手表，但是找不到。Ihopeyouwillsoonfindyourlostring.希望你盡快找到丟失的戒指。另外，find還有“發現”；“感到”等意思。例如：Ifound30awallet31inthedesk.我在課桌里發現了一個錢包。Ifindthisbookveryinteresting.我覺得這本書很有意思。infrontof/inthefrontofInfrontof表示在某物的前面，不在某物的范圍內。Inthefrontof表示在某物的前部，在某物的范圍內。試比較：Myseat32isinfrontofMary's.我的座位在瑪麗座位的前面。Heissittinginthefrontofthecarwiththedriver.他和司機坐在小車的前部?！究键c掃描】begoingto的用法；形容詞的比較級、最高級；形容詞和副詞的比較一般過去時本單元學過的詞匯、短語和句型；本單元學過的日常交際用語。初二年級（中）【知識梳理】giveaconcertfalldowngoonattheendofgobackinahurrywritedowncomeoutalltheyearroundlater2onattimesringsb.upHappyNewYear!haveapartyholdonhearfrombereadyatthemomenttakeoutthesameas5turnoverget-togetherputon

5.II.takeaseat6waitforgetlostjustthenfirstofallgowrongmakeanoisegetongetoffstandinlineattheheadoflaughatthrowaboutinfact7atmidnightenjoyoneselfhaveaheadachehaveacoughfallasleep8againandagainlookovertakeexercise重要句型

begoodforsth.Ithink…Ihope9…Ilove…Idon'tlike…I'msure…forgettodosth.takeamessageforsb.givesb.themessagehelpyourself10tosth.befamous11forsth.onone'swayto…makeone'swayto…quarrel12withsb.agree13withsb.stopsb.fromdoingsth.交際用語What'stheweatherliketoday?2.It'scold,butquitesuuny.Howcolditistoday!Yes,butit'llbewarmerlateron.5.Shall14wemakeasnowman?6.Ok.Comeon!HappyNewYear!MayIspeaktoAnn,please??Holdon,please.Thanksalotforinviting15metoyourparty.11.Ok.ButI'mafraidImaybealittlelate.12.CanItakeamessageforyou?That'sOK.Itdoesn'tmatter.14.I'mverysorry,butIcan'tcome.15.I'msorrytohearthat.16.Happybirthday!Would16youlike...?Wouldyouliketo...?Doyouthink...?Yes,Ithinkso./No,Idon'tthinkso.Doyouagree?Yes,Iagree./No,don'treallyagree.Ireallycan'tagree.Thereareafew17/alotof.../onit.21.Sodowe.22.I'mhappyyoulikeit.23.Whichisthewayto...,please?Turnright/leftatthe...crossing.Goonuntil18youreach19...HowcanIgetto...?Godown/up/alongthisroad.What'sthematter?28.It'lltakeyouhalfanhourto...29.We'dbettercatchabus.

30.Itmaybein...Ah1,soitisYoumustbemorecareful!Youmustn'tcrosstheroadnow.light.33.Ifyouwanttocrossastreet,youmustwaitforthegreenlight.Pleasestandinline.Youmustwaitforyourturn.36.Ifyoudon'tgosoon,you'llbelate.37.Idon'tfeelverywell.Myheadhurts.Youmustn'teatanythinguntilyouseethedoctor.What'sthetrouble20?What'sthematterwith…？42.Shedidn'tfeellikeeatinganything.Nothingserious22.Have/getapain23in…Noproblem24.Takethismedicine25threetimesaday.重要語法一般過去時;反意疑問句的用法;一般將來時;感嘆句;簡單句的五種基本句型;6?情態動詞can,may和must,haveto的用法；7.時間狀語從句和條件狀語從句?！久麕熤v解】above/over/on這三個介詞都表示“在……之上”，但含義不同。on指在某物的表面上，和某物接觸;above指在某物的上方，不和某物接觸，但也不一定在某物的正上方;over指在某物的正上方，不和某物接觸。試比較：Thereisabookonthedesk.課桌上有一本書。Iraise26myrighthandabovemyhead.我把右手高舉過頭。Thereisastonebridge27overtheriver.河面上有座石橋。forgettodosth./forgetdoingsth.forgettodosth.意思是“忘記做某事"，實際上還沒做;forgetdoingsth,意思是“忘記做過某事”，實際上已經做過了。試比較：Iforgot28totellhimthenews30.我忘記告訴他這條消息了。Iforgottellinghimthenews.我已經把這條消息告訴他了，我卻忘了。類似的詞還有：remember,regret等。hope/wishhope和wish在漢語中都有“希望”的意思，但其含義和用法有所不同。主要區別如下：wish可以用來表示不可實現的愿望;hope只能用來表示可能實現的愿望。例如：IwishIwere20yearsyounger32.我但愿自己能年輕二十歲。Ihopeyou'llbebettersoon.我希望你能很快好起來。Iwishtheweatherwasn'tsocold.但愿天氣不這麼冷。Ihopehewillcome,too.我希望他也能來。wish可以接sb.todosth.的結構，而hope不可以。例如：Doyouwishmetocomebacklater?你是否希望我再來?besuretodosth./besureof/aboutsb.orsth.besuretodosth.可以用來表示說話人給對方提出要求，意思是“務必”，也可以用來表示說話人做出的推斷，意思是“一定”，“肯定”。例如：Besuretolock34thedoorwhenyouleave.你離開時務必把門鎖好。It'sagoodfilm.Youaresuretoenjoyit.這是一部好電影，你肯定會喜歡的。besureof/aboutsb.orsth.可用來表示“某人對某事有把握”。例如：I'msureofhissuccess35.我相信他會成功。Ithinkitwas33threeyearsago,butI'mnotsureaboutit.我想那是三年前的事情，但我沒有把握。hearfrom/hearofhear意思是“聽到”，從哪里聽到要用from來表示。例如：I'veheardfromXiaoWuthatwe'llstartoutmilitary36training37tomorrow.我聽小吳說，我們明天開始軍訓。ListentothetapeandwriteoutwhatyouhearfromHanMei.聽錄音，并寫出你從韓梅那里聽到的內容。hearfrom還有一個意思是“收到某人的來信”(二receivealetterfromsb.)。例如：IheardfrommypenfriendintheU.S.A.lastmonth.上個月我受到了美國筆友的來信。Iheardfromherlastweek.我上周接到了她的來信。hearof和和hearfrom含義不同。hearof意思是“聽說"，“得知”(某事或某人的存在)，常用在疑問句和否定句里。例如：Whoishe?I'veneverheardofhim.他是誰？我從來沒有聽說過他。Ineverheardofsuch38athing!這樣的事我從來沒有聽說過。It'sapleasure39./Withpleasure.It'sapleasure這句話常用作別人向你表示致謝時的答語，意思是“那是我樂意做的”。例如：---Thankyouforhelping40me.謝謝你地幫助。---It'sapleasure.那是我樂意做的。 Thanksalot.Bye.非常感謝。再見。---It'sapleasure.那是我樂意做的。再見。類似的話還有“Notatall.”“Youarewelcome.”“That'sallright.”Withpleasure也用作客氣的答語，主要用在別人要你做某事，而你又非常愿意去做的場合。例如：---Willyoupleasepassmethenewspaper,please?請你把報紙遞給我好嗎?---Withpleasure.當然可以。seem/look⑴二者都可以作“看起來”講，但seem暗示憑借一些跡象作出的有根據的判斷，這種判斷往往接近事實；look著重強調由視覺得出的印象。兩者都可跟(tobe)+形容詞和asif從句。如：Heseems41/looks(tobe)veryhappytoday.他今天看起來很高興。Itlooks(seems)asifititisgoing42torain.好像要下雨了。(2)但下列情況中只用seem不用look：后跟不定式todo時。如：Heseemstoknowtheanswer.他似乎知道答案。在Itseemsthat...結構中。如：Itseemsthatheishappiernowthanyesterday.他像比昨天高興些了。bereadytodo/bereadyfor/getreadytodo/getreadyforbereadytodo和bereadyfor…表示“已作好…的準備"，強調狀態getreadytodo和getreadyfor…表示“為…做準備"，強調行為。如：I'mreadytodoanythingyouwantmetodo.我愿意/隨時準備做一切做你要我做的事。I'mreadyforanyquestionsyoumayask.我愿意/隨時準備回答你可能問的問題。He'sgettingreadytoleaveforTokyo.他正準備動身去東京。Let'sgetreadyforthehardmoment.我們為這一艱難時刻作好準備吧。bereadytodo通?？衫斫狻皹酚谧瞿呈隆?，即思想上總是有做某事的準備。benotreadytodo表示“不輕易做某事”。如：He'susuallynotreadytolistentoothers43.他通常不輕易聽從別人。attable/atthetableattable在吃飯，atthetable在桌子旁邊。例如：TheGreensareattable.格林一家人在吃飯。Mr.Blackissittingatthetableandreading44abook.布萊克先生坐在桌旁讀書。reach,arrive/getto三者都有"到達"之意。reach是及物動詞，后直接加名詞，get和arrive是不及物動詞，不能直接加名詞，須借助于介詞。getto后加名詞地點，若跟副詞地點時，to去掉；arriveat+小地方，arrivein+大地方。如：Lucygot29tothezoobefore8o'clock.露西8點前到了動物園。Whendid21yourparentsarriveinShanghai?你父母何時到上海的?ItwaslatewhenIgothome.我到家時天色已晚。sick/ill二者都是形容詞。當“生病的，患病“之意時，ill只作表語，不作定語;而sick既可作表語也可作定語。sick有"嘔吐，惡心"的意思，只能作表語，而訂l無此意。如：LiLeiwasilllastweek.（只作表語）李磊上周生病了。He'sasickman.（作定語）他是病人。不能說成：He'sanillman.Mygrandfatherwassickforamonthlastyear.（作表語）我祖父去年病了一個月。intime/ontimeintime是"及時"的意思，ontime是"準時，按時"。如：Ididn'tgettothebusstopintime.我沒有及時趕上汽車。We'llfinishourjobontime.我們要按時完成任務。maybe/maybeItmaybeinyourinside45pocket46.=Maybeitisinyourinsidepocket.也許在你里邊的口袋里。第一句中maybe是情態動詞+be動詞構成的謂語部分，意思是〃也許是〃，〃可能是〃；第二句中的maybe是副詞，意思是〃可能〃，常位于句首，不能位于句中，相當于另一副詞perhaps。再如：Maybeyouputitinthatbag.也許你放在了那只包里。（不能說Youmaybeputitinthatbag.）Itmaybeahat.那可能是頂帽子。（不能說Itmaybeahat.或Itmaybeisahat.）noise/voice47/soundnoise指嘈雜聲，噪音大的吵雜聲。voice是指說話的聲音，嗓音，嗓子。sound是指耳朵能夠聽到的聲音、鬧聲等。它是表示聲音之意的最普通的字。有時還用作科學上的聲音。例如：Don'tmakesomuchnoise!別那么大聲喧嘩!Ididn'trecognize48John'svoiceonthetelephone.在電話里我聽不出約翰的聲音。Hespoke49inalow50voice.他低聲說話。Weheardastrange51sound.我們聽到了一種奇怪的聲音。Soundtravels52fast,butlighttravelsfaster.聲音傳得快，但是光傳得更快。【考點掃描】中考考點在本單元主要集中在：一般過去時;反意疑問句的用法;一般將來時;感嘆句;簡單句的五種基本句型;6?情態動詞can,may和must,haveto的用法；時間狀語從句和條件狀語從句;本單元學過的詞匯、短語和句型;本單元學過的日常交際用語。考試形式可以是單項填空、完型天空、短文填空和完成句子初二英語（下）【知識梳理】重點短語ontimeoutofallbyoneself2lotsofnolongergetbacksoonerorlater3runawayeatuptakecare4ofturnoff5turnonafterawhile6makefacesteachoneselffalloffplaythepiano

knock7at9.40.toone'ssurpriselookupenjoyoneselfhelpyourselftellastory/storiesleave behind……comealong8holdasportsmeeting9beneckandneckas10...asnotso/as...asdoone'sbesttakepart11inamomentlateBadluck12!fallbehindhighjumplongjumprelay13racewelldone!takeoffasusual14

3.II...9.apairofatoncehurryoffcometooneselfafterawhileknockontakecareofatthemomentset15offhereandthereonwatchlookouttakeone'splace重要句型We'dbetternotdosth.leaveone.oneselffindone'swaytoaplacestandonone'sheadmakesb.Happycatchupwithsb.passonsth.tosomebody16spendtimedoingsth.goondoingsth.

10.getonwellwithsb.11.beangrywithsb.12.befedupwithsth.13.not???until…14.makeroomforsb.III.交際用語1.We'reallbyourselves17.2.Ifell18alittleafraid.3.Don'tbeafraid.4.Help!5.Can'tyouhearanything?6.Ican'thearanything/anybody19there.7.Maybeit'satiger.8.Let'sgetitbackbeforetheyeatthefood.9.Did20shelearnallbyherself21?10.Could22sheswimwhenshewas23???yearsold?11.Shedidn'thurtherself.12.Hecouldn'tbuyhimself24manynicethings.13.Didheenjoyhimself?14.Helpyourselves25.15.Badluck!16.Comeon!17.Welldone!Congratulations26(to…)！

Itmustbeveryinteresting.Idon'tthinkyou'lllikeit.Itseems27tobeaninterestingbook.to…I'msure(that)…I'mnotsureif…to…Ihope28so.Whatwashe/shedrawing29when…？I'msorrytotrouble30you.Would31youplease…？Whatwereyoudoingatteno'clockyesterdaymorning？Youlooktiredtoday.You'dbettergotobedearlytonight,ifyoucan.Howkind!Let'smovethebag,oritmaycause32anaccident33.It'sreallyniceofyou.Don'tmention34it.Don'tcrowd35aroundhim.IV.重要語法不定代詞/副詞的運用;反身代詞的用法;并列句;形容詞和副詞的比較等級;冠詞的用法;動詞的過去進行時;名師講解】bring/takeBring表示“帶來、拿來”，指從別處朝說話人所在或將在的地方“帶來、拿來”。而take則表示“拿去、帶走”，它表示的方向與bring相反，指從說話人所在地“拿走、帶走”。如：Bringmethebook,please.把那本書給我拿來。Takesomefoodtotheoldman.給那位老人帶去些食物。somebody/anybody/nobody36一般說來，somebody用于定句，anybody用于否定句、疑問句和條件狀語從句。例如：Somebodycame37toseeyouwhenyouwereout.你出來時有人來見你。Doesanybodyliveonthisisland?有人在這島上住嗎?Ididn'tseeanybodythere.我在那兒誰也沒看見。Don'tletanybodyin.I'mtoobusytoseeanybody.別讓任何人進來。我太忙，誰也不想見。Thereisnobodyintheroom.房間里沒人。Nobodytoldmethatyouwereill,soIdidn'tknowaboutit.誰也沒告訴我你病了。所以我不知道。listen,listento,hear這三個詞意思都是“聽”，但是它們的用法不完全相同。它們的區別在于：listen只用于不及物動詞，后面接人或人物做賓語，著重于“傾聽”，指的是有意識的動作，至于是否聽到，并非強調的重點。如：Listen!Someone39issingingintheclassroom.聽!有人在教室唱歌。listento為listen的及物形式，后面一定要接人或物做賓語，這里的to是介詞。如：Doyoulikelisteningtolightmusic?你喜歡聽輕音樂