書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-安徽現(xiàn)代信息工程職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.翻譯題

A.TranslatethefollowingparagraphsintoChinese.

AccordingtothetraditionalChineselunarcalendar,we’llofficiallywelcometheYearoftheHorsefollowingthearrivalofSpringFestival.

Thehorsehasplayedanimportantrotethroughouthumanhistoryallovertheworld.Horseswereusedforthousandsofyearsasameansoftransport,aweaponofwarandaplougheroffields,butthehorsewasmorethanjustavehicle—ithadmorecharacterthanacar,atankoratractor.IntheMiddleAgesinWesternsocieties,thehorsewasasymbolofchivalry（騎士精神）andnobility.Infact,theword‘‘chivalry’，coinesfrom“cheval”inOldFrench,whichmeanthorse.Theideaofchivalryhelpedtofashionthe19th-centuryconceptofthe“gentleman”，whichwasrelatedtocourtesy,courageandloyaltytofriends.Nowadays,becauseofeconomicdevelopment,peopleinModemsocietiesarelesslikelytoseeorridehorses.Peoplelivingincities,inparticular,hardlyeverexperiencehorsesexceptthroughmovies,paintingsorbooks.

Besidestheirphysicalstrengths,horseshavepowerfulbrains.Maybethat’swhytheChineseidiomsays:“Anoldhorsenevergetslost”.Sincethehorseishonoredasasymbolofvigor,loyalty,persistenceandintelligence,peoplebomintheYearoftheHorsearesaidtosharesuchgoodqualities.

B.TranslatethefollowingparagraphsintoEnglish.

中國作為文明古國，同樣有著輝煌的城市發(fā)展史。中國的城市也具有自身特色。改革開放30多年來，中國工業(yè)化、城鎮(zhèn)化(urbanization)步伐明顯加快，城鎮(zhèn)居民從1.7億人增加到近7億人，形成了一批有重要影響與發(fā)展活力的城市群，促進(jìn)了經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展和社會(huì)進(jìn)步。城市化對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會(huì)、文化都有巨大而深遠(yuǎn)的影響。面向未來，中國致力于推動(dòng)科學(xué)發(fā)展，加快轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式，把城鎮(zhèn)化作為現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)的重大戰(zhàn)略。

【答案】A.

按照中國農(nóng)歷，隨著春節(jié)的到來，我們將正式迎來馬年。

在世界各國，馬在人類歷史上都扮演著舉足輕重的角色。數(shù)千年來，馬被用作運(yùn)輸工具、戰(zhàn)爭武器以及犁地農(nóng)具。但其實(shí)，馬不僅僅是一種交通工具，其地位要遠(yuǎn)超汽車、坦克和拖拉機(jī)。在中世紀(jì)的西方社會(huì)，馬是騎士精神和貴族的象征。實(shí)際上，騎士精神chivalry—詞來源于古法語中的“馬(cheval)”。在騎士精祌的推動(dòng)下，19世紀(jì)代表禮貌、勇氣和真誠的“紳士粘祌”成為一種風(fēng)尚。如今，隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展，現(xiàn)代社會(huì)的人很少看到馬或騎馬。尤其是城市中的人們，除了通過電影、繪畫和書籍，幾乎沒有接觸過馬。

馬除了健壯的體魄外，還擁有強(qiáng)大的頭腦，這或許就是成語“老馬識(shí)途”的由來吧。馬是活力、忠誠、毅力和智慧的象征，因此傳說屬馬之人也具備這些優(yōu)良品質(zhì)。

B.

China,acountrywithanancientcivilization,alsohasaproudhistoryofurbandevelopment.Chinesecitiesarealsouniqueintheirownways.Sincethelaunchingofreformandopening-upprogramover30yearsago,Chinahasquickenedthepaceofindustrializationandurbanization,withurbanpopulationincreasingfrom170milliontosome700million.Theemergenceofanumberofcityclusterswithstronginfluenceanddynamismfordevelopmenthasboostedeconomicdevelopmentandsocialprogress.Urbanizationhasatremendousandprofoundimpactoneconomy,societyandculture.Goingforward,Chinawillpursuedevelopmentinascientificway,accelerateshiftofthegrowthmodelandtakeurbanizationasanimportantstrategyforpromotingmodernization.

2.單選題

heflourishofadulttrainingprogramspartiallyresultedfromthefeministmovement,（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.whichencouragingwomentoimprovetheirskillsforthejobmarket

B.whichencouragedwomentoimprovetheirskillsforthejobmarket

C.encouragingwomentoimprovetheirskillsforthejobmarket

D.thatencouragedwomentoimprovetheirskillsforthejobmarket

【答案】B

【解析】【試題解析】考查語法結(jié)構(gòu)。本句考查非限制性定語從句。主句是Theflourishofadulttrainingprogramspartiallyresultedfromthefeministmovement，后面which作為關(guān)系代詞指代thefeministmovement，在從句中作為主語，意思是“女權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)鼓勵(lì)女性去提高她們?cè)诰蜆I(yè)市場(chǎng)的技能”，故正確答案選B。

3.單選題

AUCSFstudyhasrevealednewinformationabouthowthebraindirectsthebodytomakemovements.Thekeyfactoris“noise”inthebrain’ssignaling,andithelpsexplainwhyallmovementisnotcarriedoutwiththesamelevelofprecision.

Understandingwherenoisearisesinthebrainhasimplicationsforadvancingresearchinneuromotorcontrolandindevelopingtherapiesfordisorderswherecontrolisimpaired,suchasParkinson’sdisease.

Thenewstudywasdeveloped“tounderstandbrainmachinerybehindsuchcommonmovementsastyping,walkingthroughadoorwayorjustpointingatanobject,”saysStephenLisberger,PhD,seniorstudyinvestigatorwhoisdirectoroftheW.M.KeckCenterforIntegrativeNeuroscienceattheUniversityofCalifornia,SanFrancisco.Studyco-investigatorsareLeslieC.Osborne,PhD,apostdoctoralfellowatUCSF,andWilliamBialek,PhD,professorofphysicsatPrincetonUniversity.

Thestudyfindings,reportedintheSeptember15issueofthejournalNature,arepartofongoingresearchbyLisbergerandcolleaguesontheneuralmechanismsthatallowthebraintolearnandmaintainskillsandbehavior.Thesebasicfunctionsarecarriedoutthroughthecoordinationofdifferentnervecellswithinthebrain’sneuralcircuits.“Tomakeamovement,thebraintakestheelectricalactivityofmanyneuronsandcombinesthemtomakemusclecontractions,”Lisbergerexplains.“Butthemovementsaren’talwaysperfect.Soweasked,whatgetsintheway?”Theanswer,hesays,is“noise”,whichisdefinedasthedifferencebetweenwhatisactuallyoccurringandwhatthebrainperceives.Heoffersmakingafoulshotinbasketballasanexample.Iftherewerenonoiseintheneuromotorsystem,aplayerwouldbeabletoperformthesamemotionoverandoverandnevermissashot.

“Understandinghownoiseisreducedtoveryprecisecommandshelpsusunderstandhowthosecommandsarecreated,”saysLisberger,whoalsoisaHowardHughesMedicalInstituteinvestigatorandaUCSFprofessorofphysiology.

Inthestudy,theresearchteamfocusedonamovementthatallprimatesareveryskilledat:aneyemovementknownas“smoothpursuit”thatallowstheeyestotrackamovingtarget.Inaseriesofexerciseswithmonkeysinwhichtheanimalswouldtrackvisualtargets,theresearchersmeasuredneuralactivityandsmoothpursuiteyemovements.Fromthisdata,theteamanalyzedthedifferencebetweenhowaccuratelytheanimalsactuallytrackedamovingobjectandhowaccuratelythebrainperceivedthetrajectory.Findingsshowedthatboththesmoothpursuitsystemandthebrain’sperceptualsystemwerenearlyequal.

“Thisteachesusthattheseverydifferentneuralprocessesarelimitedtothesamedegreebythesamenoisesources,”saysLisberger.“Anditshowsthatbothprocessesareverygoodatreducingnoise.”Heconcludes,“Becausethebrainisnoisy,ourmotorsystemsdon’talwaysdowhatittellsusto.Makingprecisemovementsinthefaceofthisnoiseisachallenge.”

1.Ofthefollowingmovementsinstructedbythebrain,whichoneisNOTmentionedinthearticle?

2.Howdoesthebraindirectabodymovement?

3.Howdoes“noise”affectabasketballplayer’sperformance?

4.Whichofthefollowingtitlesdoesn’tbelongtoStephenLisberger?

5.Thefindingsofthestudywithmonkeysshowthat（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Pointingatanobject.

B.Walkingthroughadoorway.

C.Jogging.

D.Typing.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Bysendingsignalstothemusclesdirectly.

B.Bycombiningtheelectricalactivityofneurons.

C.Bysendingnervecellstothemuscles.

D.Bycreatingdifferentnervecircuits.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Ithelpshimhitthetargeteverytime.

B.Itmakeshimaperfectplayer.

C.Itmakeshimmisstheshotsometimes.

D.Itallowshimtofollowthebraininstruction.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.HowardHughesMedicalInstituteinvestigator.

B.DirectoroftheW.M.KeckCenter.

C.UCSFprofessorofphysiology.

D.ProfessorofphysicsatPrincetonUniversity.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.theeyemovementisnotinfluencedbythenoise

B.theanimalscantrackamovingtargetaccurately

C.differentneuralprocessesarelimiteddifferentlybydifferentnoisesources

D.thesamenoisesourcescanequallyaffectdifferentneuralprocesses

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:D

【解析】1.客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干可以定位到文章第三段第一句Thenewstudywasdeveloped“tounderstandbrainmachinerybehindsuchcommonmovementsastyping,walkingthroughadoorwayorjustpointingatanobject,”（新的研究是為了“了解打字、走過門口或只是指著一個(gè)物體等常見動(dòng)作背后的大腦機(jī)制。”），所以A選項(xiàng)“指著一個(gè)物體”，B選項(xiàng)“走過門口”，D選項(xiàng)“打字”，均在文中有所提及，排除A，B，D。C選項(xiàng)“慢跑”在文中沒有提及，所以選C。

2.客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干可以定位到文章第四段第三句Tomakeamovement,thebraintakestheelectricalactivityofmanyneuronsandcombinesthemtomakemusclecontractions（大腦將許多神經(jīng)元的電流活動(dòng)結(jié)合起來，使肌肉收縮，從而做出動(dòng)作），說明大腦是通過將神經(jīng)元的電流活動(dòng)結(jié)合起來指揮身體運(yùn)動(dòng)的。因此B選項(xiàng)“通過結(jié)合神經(jīng)元的電流活動(dòng)”正確。A選項(xiàng)“通過直接向肌肉發(fā)出信號(hào)”，C選項(xiàng)“通過向肌肉發(fā)送神經(jīng)細(xì)胞”，D選項(xiàng)“通過建立不同的神經(jīng)回路”均不符合題意，所以A，C，D錯(cuò)誤。

3.客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干可以定位到文章第四段最后一句Iftherewerenonoiseintheneuromotorsystem,aplayerwouldbeabletoperformthesamemotionoverandoverandnevermissashot.（如果神經(jīng)運(yùn)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)中沒有噪音，球員就能反復(fù)做同一個(gè)動(dòng)作，永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)失誤。），說明噪音會(huì)造成球員的失誤。因此C選項(xiàng)“使他有時(shí)會(huì)失誤”正確。A選項(xiàng)“能幫助他每次都命中目標(biāo)”，B選項(xiàng)“使他成為一個(gè)完美的球員”，D選項(xiàng)“使他能聽從大腦的指令”和原文表達(dá)的意思相反，所以A，B，D錯(cuò)誤。

4.客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干可以定位到文章第三段第一句StephenLisberger,PhD,seniorstudyinvestigatorwhoisdirectoroftheW.M.KeckCenterforIntegrativeNeuroscienceattheUniversityofCalifornia,SanFrancisco.（斯蒂芬?里斯伯格博士，高級(jí)研究調(diào)查員，他是加州大學(xué)舊金山分校W.M.Keck綜合神經(jīng)科學(xué)中心的主任。），所以B選項(xiàng)“W.M.Keck中心主任”是斯蒂芬?里斯伯格的頭銜，排除B。同時(shí)可以定位到文章第五段saysLisberger,whoalsoisaHowardHughesMedicalInstituteinvestigatorandaUCSFprofessorofphysiology.（里斯伯格說，他也是霍華德休斯醫(yī)學(xué)研究所的研究員和UCSF的生理學(xué)教授。），所以A選項(xiàng)“霍華德休斯醫(yī)學(xué)研究所的研究員”，C選項(xiàng)“UCSF的生理學(xué)教授”是斯蒂芬?里斯伯格的頭銜，排除A，C。D選項(xiàng)“普林斯頓大學(xué)物理學(xué)教授”，由原文可知這是威廉?比亞萊克博士的頭銜，不符合題意，所以選D。

5.客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干可以定位到文章最后一段第一句Thisteachesusthattheseverydifferentneuralprocessesarelimitedtothesamedegreebythesamenoisesources（這告訴我們，這些截然不同的神經(jīng)過程在相同程度上受到相同噪聲源的限制），說明相同噪聲源會(huì)影響不同的神經(jīng)過程。因此D選項(xiàng)“相同的噪聲源可以同樣影響不同的神經(jīng)過程”正確。A選項(xiàng)“眼球運(yùn)動(dòng)不受噪聲的影響”，B選項(xiàng)“動(dòng)物能準(zhǔn)確地跟蹤移動(dòng)的目標(biāo)”，C選項(xiàng)“不同的神經(jīng)過程受到不同噪聲源的限制不同”和原文的表述不符，所以A，B，C錯(cuò)誤。

4.單選題

Nowadayspopmusicsingersofforeigncountries（）tomostofouryouths.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.attract

B.appreciation

C.appeal

D.approve

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。A選項(xiàng)attract“吸引”；B選項(xiàng)appreciation“欣賞”；C選項(xiàng)appeal“呼吁，對(duì)……有吸引力”；D選項(xiàng)approve“批準(zhǔn)，贊成”。句意：現(xiàn)在外國的流行音樂歌手對(duì)我們大多數(shù)年輕人很有吸引力。appealto“對(duì)……有吸引力”符合句意，A選項(xiàng)attract做及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)意思是“吸引，引起”，做不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)意思是“吸引，有吸引力”，B、D選項(xiàng)不符句意。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

5.單選題

（）widespreadbeliefcockroacheswouldnottakeovertheworldiftherewerenoaroundtosteponthem.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Inviewof

B.Thanksto

C.Incaseof

D.Contraryto

【答案】D

【解析】句意:和廣為流傳的說法相反的是，蟑螂如果沒有人在周圍踩它們的話，根本不能占領(lǐng)世界。

考查短語辨析。Inviewof考慮到，由于；thanksto多虧；incaseof如果，萬一；contraryto與……相反。因此D符合句意。

6.單選題

Expertssaywalkingisoneofthebestwaysforapersonto（

）healthy.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.preserve

B.stay

C.maintain

D.reserve

【答案】B

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。preserve“保護(hù)，保存”；stay“保持”，可作系動(dòng)詞后接形容詞作表語；maintain“維持”；reserve“預(yù)訂，儲(chǔ)備”。句意：專家說散步是保持健康的最好方法之一。因此選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

7.單選題

OakRidgeresidentsareencouragedtotheirunusedmedicineonSaturdayat（）OperationMedicineCabinet.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.disposeof

B.deviatefrom

C.adhereto

D.adjustto

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞組辨析。disposeof處理，轉(zhuǎn)讓，解決；deviatefrom偏離，脫離；adhereto堅(jiān)持，粘附；adjustto調(diào)節(jié)。句意：橡樹嶺居民被鼓勵(lì)在周六處理他們醫(yī)藥箱中從未使用的藥品。A項(xiàng)符合題意。

8.單選題

Themostusefulwayoflookingatamapisnotasapieceofpaper,butasarecordof（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.organizedgeographicalinformation

B.geographicalorganizedinformation

C.geographicallyorganizedinformation

D.organizedgeographicallyinformation

【答案】C

【解析】考查修飾關(guān)系。Organized是作定語修飾information,geographically修飾organized，選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

9.單選題

Anycountryhasgoodreasontowantitscitizenstobeashealthyaspossible,sinceoneofitsgreatestresourcesisanactivepopulation.Nocountrywantsitspeopletosufferunnecessarilyfromillhealth.

Thiswasthekindofthinkingwhichledtotheintroductionofahealthserviceinmanycountries.InBritainthishasdevelopedintoa“WelfareState”inwhichallcitizens,richandpooralikecangetmosthealthtreatmentfree.Themoneyforthisispartiallyraisedbycontributionsfromemployersand

employees.

Asthreedecadeshaveshown,suchautomaticarrangementsarenotalwaysidealandthereareargumentsforandagainsttheHealthService.Thenumberofpatientstreatedeveryyearandthecostoftreatmentaremuchgreaterthanwasestimated.ThismeansthatthepeoplewhoworkfortheHealth

Service-doctors,nursesandotherhospitalstaff—havemuchmoreroutineworktodoandasaresulttheyhavelittletimeforpreventivemedicine.TheHealthServicedoesneedmorestaff—aneedthatcanonlybemetifmoremoneyismadeavailabletoit.

However,apowerfulargumentfortheHealthServiceisthatmanypeopleareabletoreceiveexpensivetreatmentwhichtheycouldneveraffordthemselves.Sometimesthisfreetreatmentisabusedandpeoplevisittheirdoctorswhentheydon’treallyneedto.Becausetheyhavesomanypatients,

doctorscannotspendaslongwitheachoneastheywouldlike,andsomepeopleprefertopayforprivatetreatmentsothattheirdoctorscangivethemmoretime.Infact,somewealthypeoplefeelthattheyshouldpay,andsofreemoremoneyfortreatmenttoothers.

1.Intheauthor’sview,BritainisaWelfareStateinthat（）.

2.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat（）.

3.Thebesttitleforthepassagewouldbe（）.

4.Theauthormentionsthatsomewealthypeopleprefertopayforprivatetreatmentbecause（）.

5.Theword“abused”(Para.4)means（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.allcitizensareentitledtoafreemedicaltreatmentinsomesense

B.poor,unliketherich,couldenjoyfreemedicaltreatment

C.healthserviceishighlydevelopedinBritain

D.Britaindoesn’tallowitspeopletosufferunnecessarilyfromillhealth

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.theHealthServiceisintroducedtomanyothercountriesbyBritain

B.theHealthServicehasbeenintroducedanddevelopedfor30yearsinBritain

C.anactivepopulationisthegreatestresourceinBritain

D.allcitizensinBritainhaveagoodopinionoftheHealthService

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.AWelfareState

B.ImportanceoftheHealthService

C.DisadvantagesoftheHealthService

D.TheHealthService

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.theirdoctorscangivethemmoretimeleavefromwork

B.thosedoctorshavebettermedicalinstruments

C.theymightsavesomemoneyforthepoor

D.theirdoctorshaveastrongersenseofresponsibilityforthepatients

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.destroyed

B.usedinwrongway

C.ignored

D.wasted

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“WelfareState”定位到第二段第二句“InBritainthishasdevelopedintoa'WelfareState'inwhichallcitizens,richandpooralikecangetmosthealthtreatmentfree.”所有公民，無論貧富，都可以免費(fèi)獲得大部分醫(yī)療服務(wù)。選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

2.細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。選項(xiàng)A和選項(xiàng)C在文中沒有提及；根據(jù)第三段的第一句“Asthreedecadeshaveshown,suchautomaticarrangementsarenotalwaysidealandthereareargumentsforandagainsttheHealthService.”threedecades意為30年；公眾支持和反對(duì)衛(wèi)生服務(wù)都有，并不都是好的評(píng)價(jià)；所以選項(xiàng)B符合原文，而選項(xiàng)D錯(cuò)誤。

3.主旨思想題。結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要是講醫(yī)療服務(wù)的發(fā)展，其有利條件和不利條件，所以選項(xiàng)D更能概括全文，其他選項(xiàng)只是文中的片段。

4.細(xì)節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“wealthypeople”定位到最后一段的最后一句“Infact,somewealthypeoplefeelthattheyshouldpay,andsofreemoremoneyfortreatmenttoothers.”事實(shí)上，一些富人覺得他們應(yīng)該付錢，這樣就可以把多余的錢讓給其他人治療。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

5.詞匯推斷題。根據(jù)第四段的第二句“Sometimesthisfreetreatmentisabusedandpeoplevisittheirdoctorswhentheydon’treallyneedto.”有時(shí)這種免費(fèi)治療被濫用，有些人在不需要的時(shí)候也去看醫(yī)生。由此可知他們是用了錯(cuò)誤的方法，選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

10.單選題

IrecentlyconductedasurveytoseewhatpeoplethoughtandknewaboutMartinLutherKing,Jr.IdidthisbybringingupthesubjectofMLKDayincasualconversationswithpeopleandgaugingtheirreaction.(Thesamplingwas23friends,colleagues,andstrangers;10Black,9White,3Hispanic,1Asian;4werebetweentheages42-35and19were34-20.)AllknewKingasthefamousblackcivilrightsleaderwhowaskilled,butfewknewmuchmore.Themajorityofpeopleunder30—regardlessofrace—knewlittlemore,infact.

HowisitthatJill(black,27,collegeeducated)didnotknowthatMLKwasaNobelPeacePrizerecipient?OrthatTim(white,31,collegeeducated)wascluelessaboutKing’snonviolentapproachtocivilrightsactivism?

Darlene(black,23)thoughtsheshouldhavethedayofftosleepin.ShehadnoideatheMLKdayisreallyaboutdoingsomethingtoinspireothers.

Whatisthepointofhavingadaytomarkthemanifwedonotunderstandthesignificanceofhislife?HowisitthatnotonlyoneofthegreatestAmericans,butoneofthemostinfluentialhumansinthehistoryofourplanetisnotbetterknowninthiscountry?HadKingbeenafootballplayeroramusician,hemayhaveregisteredbetterwiththepresentgeneration.

MartinLutherKing,Jr.wasmorethanjustaninspirationalblackleader.Hisdesireandabilitytoriseabovehisownfailingsandthoseoffellowhumansupliftedusall—boththosewhowerelivingatthetimeandthosewhohavecomeafter.Evenifwedonotknowit,ourworldisabetterplacebecauseofhislight.

Dr.King’slifewasextinguishedmorethan30yearsago,butnothislight.Itisstillhereforeachofustocarry,andtoilluminateevenbrighterwithourownuniquecreativityandcontributions.

MartinLutherKing,Jr.wasbornonJanuary15,1929inAtlanta,Georgia.AftergraduatingfromMorehouseCollegeandbecomingaminister,hemadehiswaytoMontgomery,Alabamain1954.Thiswasanimportantdecisionforitwasinthesamecitythat,onDecember1ofthefollowingyear,RosaParksrefusedtogiveupherbusseattoawhiteman.KingwaselectedpresidentoftheMontgomeryImprovementAssociationandledaboycottofMontgomerybusesthroughout1956,whichbroughthimnationalrecognition.

King’slegacyofnon-violentactivismwasinfluencedbytheteachingsofJesusandGandhi.KingreinforcedandexpandedhisBiblicalconvictionsduringavisittoIndiain1959,wherehestudiedGandhi’smethodsofnon-violentprotestsduringtheearly1960’s.

Agiftedorator,KingignitedtheworldandagenerationinthecauseforAmericancivilrightswithhis“IHaveaDream”speechonAug281963toacrowdof250000inWashington,D.C.

“Wemustforeverconductourstruggleonthehighplaneofdignityanddiscipline.Wemustnotallowourcreativeproteststodegenerateintophysicalviolence.Againandagainwemustrisetothemajesticheightsofmeetingphysicalforcewithsoulforce”...“Ihaveadreamthatonedaythisnationwillriseupandliveoutthetruemeaningofitscreed:Weholdthesetruthstobeself-evident:thatallmenarecreatedequal.”...“Whenweletfreedomring,whenweletitringfromeveryvillageandeveryhamlet,fromeverystateandeverycity,wewillbeabletospeedupthatdaywhenallofGod’schildren,blackmenandwhitemen,JewsandGentiles,ProtestantsandCatholics,willbeabletojoinhandsandsinginthewordsoftheoldNegrospiritual,‘Freeatlast!Freeatlast!ThankGodAlmighty,wearefreeatlast!’”

Dr.KingreceivedtheNobelPeacePrizeandwasnamedTimemagazine’s“PersonoftheYear”in1964.InhisNobelPrizeacceptancespeech,hesaid,“Non-violenceistheanswertothecrucialpoliticalandmoralquestionsofourtime:theneedformantoovercomeoppressionandviolencewithoutresortingtooppressionandviolence.Manmustevolveforallhumanconflictsamethodwhichrejectsrevenge,aggressionandretaliation.Thefoundationofsuchamethodislove.”

Kingwasoneofthemostextraordinaryhumanstoevergraceourplanet.Hewasamanwhomethateandhopelesswithloveandinspiration.Heusednon-violencetopointouttheobscenityofviolence.

MartinLutherKingwasgunneddownattheLorraineMotelinMemphisonApril4,1968.Somecallitirony.Ichoosetothinkofitashisfinallessontous.

1.ThePurposeoftheauthorinwritingthepassageisto（）.

2.“HadKingbeenafootballplayeroramusician,hemayhaveregisteredbetterwiththepresentgeneration.”(Para.4)canbebestinterpretedas“（）”.

3.AccordingtoDr.King,whatisthesolutiontomajorpoliticalandmoralproblems?

4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutMartinLutherKing,Jr.istrue?

5.Theoveralltoneofthearticlecanbebestsummarizedas（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.condemntheterroristactionofMartinLutherKing,Jr.'sassassination

B.honorMartinLutherKing,Jr.sinceMLKDayisdrawingnear

C.criticizethepresentgenerationsfortheirignoranceofDr.King

D.highlightthesignificanceofthebeliefsandspiritofDr.King

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Kingisnotrememberedbythepresentgenerationasafootballplayeroramusician

B.ThepresentgenerationisignorantofKingwhogavehislifeforthepeoplesoftheworld

C.IfKinghadturnedtomusicorsportshewouldhavebeenmoresuccessful

D.ItismeaninglesstohaveadaytomarkKingsinceheisnotfamousenough

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Non-violence.

B.Armedstruggle.

C.Violentactivism.

D.BelievinginGod.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.HisNobelPrizeacceptancespeechwasthefamous“IHaveaDream”speech.

B.Hewasthefirstonewhoadoptedanon-violentapproachinpoliticalstruggle.

C.HehadafirmbeliefinGod,whichhelpedtoformhisnon-violentactivism.

D.Hewasnamed“PersonoftheYear”becauseofhis“IHaveaDream”speech.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.emotional

B.furious

C.indifferent

D.matter-of-fact

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.主旨大意題。結(jié)合文章內(nèi)容可知,本文提到馬丁?路德?金不僅僅是一位偉大的黑人領(lǐng)袖,更重要的是他的信念和精神一直鼓舞著人們。作者寫這篇文章的目的不是為了譴責(zé)刺殺馬丁?路德?金的恐怖主義和人們對(duì)他的無知，也不僅僅只是為了紀(jì)念他，最主要的還是強(qiáng)調(diào)其信念和精神的重要性，所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

2.推理判斷題。這句話的意思是說“如果馬丁?路德?金是一位足球員或者音樂家,他可能會(huì)被現(xiàn)在的人所記住。”潛在的意思就是說,馬丁?路德?金沒有被當(dāng)代人所記住,由第三段也可以看出，所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

3.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段的第二句“Non-violenceistheanswertothecrucialpoliticalandmoralquestionsofourtime...”非暴力是我們這個(gè)時(shí)代解決政治和道德問題的關(guān)鍵。選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

4.細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。本題可采用排除法。“我有一個(gè)夢(mèng)想”不是馬丁?路德?金獲得諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)發(fā)表的演講，而是在引導(dǎo)美國民權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)發(fā)表的，所以選項(xiàng)A錯(cuò)誤；馬丁?路德?金的非暴力行動(dòng)主義是受耶穌和甘地教義的影響,由此可知他不是第一人,所以選項(xiàng)B錯(cuò)誤,選項(xiàng)C表述正確;馬丁?路德?金被評(píng)為“年度人物”不是由于他的演講，而是因?yàn)樗麨槿祟惖暮推胶桶l(fā)展做出的杰出貢獻(xiàn),所以選項(xiàng)D也不正確。只有選項(xiàng)C正確。

5.態(tài)度判斷題。結(jié)合全文可知，作者只是客觀的陳述事實(shí)，沒有摻雜個(gè)人情感色彩。所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

11.單選題

Youwillhavetoworkhardto（

）

thetimeyoulost.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.makeuseof

B.makeupfor

C.makewayof

D.makeroomfor

【答案】B

【解析】makeuseof利用；makeupfor彌補(bǔ),補(bǔ)償；makewayfor讓路,為...開路；makeroomfor為...騰出空位。句意:你必須努力工作來彌補(bǔ)你失去的時(shí)間。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

12.單選題

Itiswellknownthatknowledgeisthe（）conditionforexpansionofmind.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.indispensable

B.incredible

C.indefinite

D.incompatible

【答案】A

【解析】句意:眾所周知，知識(shí)是拓展思維的必備條件。

考查形容詞辨析。indispensable不可缺少的，必不可少的；incredible驚人的，不可思議的；indefinite無限期的，不明確的；incompatible不相容的，不匹配的。故A符合句意。

13.單選題

Manyadultsmaythinktheyaregettingenoughshut-eye,butinamajorsleepstudyalmost80percentofrespondentsadmittedtonotgettingtheirprescribedamountofnightlyrest.So,whatexactlyistherightamountofsleep?Researchshowsthatadultsneedanaverageofseventoninehoursofsleepanightforoptimalfunctionality.Readontoseejusthowmuchofanimpactmoderatesleepdeprivationcanhaveonyourmindandbody.

Bygettinglessthansixhoursofsleepanight,youcouldbeputtingyourselfatriskofhighbloodpressure.Whenyousleep,yourheartgetsabreakandisabletoslowdownforasignificantperiodoftime.Butcuttingbackonsleepmeansyourhearthastoworkovertimewithoutitsallottedbreak.Inconstantlydoingso,yourbodymustaccommodatetoitsnewconditionsandelevateyouroveralldailybloodpressure.Andtheheartisn’ttheonlyorganthatisovertaxedbyalackofsleeps.Thelesssleepyouget,thelesstimethebrainhastoregulatestresshormones,andovertime,sleepdeprivationcouldpermanentlyhinderthebrain’sabilitytoregulatethesehormones,leadingtoelevatedbloodpressure.

Weallhangaroundinbedduringourboutsofillness.Butdidyouknowthatskippingoutonthebedrestcanincreaseyourriskofgettingsick?Prolongedsleepdeprivationhaslongbeenassociatedwithdiminishedimmunefunctions,butresearchershavealsofoundadirectcorrelationbetween“modest”sleepdeprivation—lessthansixhours—andreducedimmuneresponse.Sotrytotoughenupyourimmunesystembygettingatleastsevenhoursofsleepanight,andmaintainingahealthydiet.You’llbegladyougotthatextrahourofsleepthenexttimethatbugcomesaroundandleaveseveryoneelsebedriddenwithafeverforthreedays.

DuringdeepREMsleep,yourmuscles(exceptthoseintheeyes)areessentiallyimmobilizedinordertokeepyoufromactingoutonyourdreams.Unfortunately,thiseffortyourbodymakestokeepyousafewhiledreamingcansometimesbackfire,resultinginsleepparalysis.SleepparalysisoccurswhenthebrainisarousedfromitsREMcycle,butthebodyremainsinitsimmobilizingstate.Thiscanbequiteafrighteningsensationbecause,whileyourmindisslowlyregainingconsciousness,ithasnocontroloveryourbody,leavingsomewithafeelingofpowerlessness,fearandpanic.Mostpeopleexperiencethiseeriephenomenaatleastonceintheirlives,butthosewhoaresleepdeprivedaremorelikelytohavepanickedepisodesofsleepparalysisthatareusuallyaccompaniedbyhallucinations,aswell.Forasecond,imagineallofyourmemoriesareerased;everybirthday,summervacation,evenwhatyoudidyesterdayafternooniscompletelylost,becauseyouhavenorecollectionofthem.It’sachillingthought,butthatiswhatalifewithoutsleepwouldbelike.Sleepisessentialtothecognitivefunctionsofthebrain,andwithoutit,ourabilitytoconsolidatememories,learndailytasks,andmakedecisionsisimpairedbyalargedegree.ResearchhasrevealedthatREMsleep,ordream-sleep,helpssolidifythe“fragile”memoriesthebraincreatesthroughoutthedaytothattheycanbeeasilyorganizedandstoredinthemind’slong-termcache.

1.Accordingtothepassage,whatisthemeaningof“sleepdeprivation”？

2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtoParagraph3?

3.Whyistheretheso-called“sleepparalysis”？

4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothelastparagraph?

5.Whateffectsofsleepdeprivationonhumanmindandbodyarediscussedinthispassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Tosleepforanaverageperiodoftime.

B.Tosleepdeeplywithoutdreaming.

C.Tosleeplessthanneeded.

D.Tosleepmodestly.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Wheneveryoneelsegetsafever,thosewithsleepdeprivationwillbeabeletosleeplonger.

B.Wheneveryoneelsegetsafever,thosewhousuallyhaveadequatesleepwillbealright.

C.Onlymodestsleepdeprivationcouldweakentheimmunesystem,

D.Prolongedsleepdeprivationwillnothaveimpactontheimmunesystem.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Itoccurswhenyouareunabletowakeupfromdreamswhileyouaresleeping.

B.Itoccurswhenyoubrainimmobilizesyourbodyinordertokeepyoufromdreaming.

C.BecauseyouareusuallytoofrightenedtomoveyourbodywhenwakingupfromdeepREMsleep.

D.Becauseyourbody,immobilizedwhendreaming,maystillbeunabletomoveevenwhenyourbrainiswakingup.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Memoriesarepartofthecognitivefunctionofthebrain.

B.Memoriescreatedduringthedaytimeareusuallyfragileandimpaired.

C.Youarelikelytoloseyourmemoriesofyesterdayafteranight’ssleep.

D.Long-termmemorycannotbeformedwithoutdream-sleep.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Highbloodpressure,atoughenedimmunesystem,sleepparalysis,andmemoryloss.

B.Bloodpressure,immunesystem,sleepparalysis,andlong-termmemory.

C.Bloodpress