書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-安徽工商職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Inthepast,consumerswereoftencheatedor()intobuyinggoodsbybusinessfirmsandtheycouldhardlydoanythingaboutit.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.confused

B.misled

C.forced

D.puzzled

【答案】B

【解析】confused使迷惑；misled誤導(dǎo)；forced被迫，強(qiáng)迫；puzzled使困惑。句意：在過(guò)去，消費(fèi)者經(jīng)常被商業(yè)公司欺騙或誤導(dǎo)而購(gòu)買商品，他們對(duì)此幾乎無(wú)能為力。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

2.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

Themarveloustelephoneandtelevisionnetworkthathasnowenmeshedthewholeworld,makingallmenneighbors,cannotbeextendedtospace.Itwillneverbepossibletoconversewithanyoneonanotherplanet.Evenwithtoday’sradioequipment,themessageswilltakeminutes―sometimeshours―ontheirjourney,becauseradioandlightwavestravelatthesamespeedof186,000milesasecond.

TwentyyearsfromnowyouwillbeabletolistentoafriendonMars,butthewordsyouhearwillhavelefthismouthatleastthreeminutesearlier,andyourreplywilltakeacorrespondingtimetoreachhim.Insuchcircumstances,anexchangeofverbalmessageispossible—butnotaconversation.

Toaculturewhichhascometotakeinstantaneouscommunicationforgranted,aspartofverystructureofcivilizedlife,this“timebarrier”mayhaveaprofoundpsychologicalimpact.Itwillbeaperpetualreminderofuniversallawsandlimitationsagainstwhichnotallourtechnologycaneverprevail.Foritseemsascertainasanythingcanbethatnosignal—stilllessanymaterialobject―cannevertravelfasterthanlight.

Thevelocityoflightistheultimatespeedlimit,beingpartoftheverystructureofspaceandtime.Withinthenarrowconfinesofthesolarsystem,itwillnothandicapustooseverely.Attheworst,thesewillamounttotwentyhours―thetimeittakesaradiosignaltospantheorbitofPluto,theouter-mostplanet.

Itiswhenwemoveoutbeyondtheconfinesofthesolarsystemthatwecomefacetofacewithanaltogethernewgroupofcosmicreality.Eventoday,manyotherwiseeducatedmen―likethosesavageswhocancounttothreebutlumptogetherallnumbersbeyondfour—cannotgrasptheprofounddistinctionbetweensolarandstellarspace.Thefirstisthespaceenclosingourneighboringworlds,theplanets,thesecondisthatwhichembracesthosedistantsuns,thestars,anditisliterallymillionsoftimesgreater.Thereisnotsuchabruptchangeofscaleintheterrestrialaffairs.

Manyconservativescientists,shockedbythesecosmicgulfs,havedeniedthattheycaneverbecrossed.Somepeopleneverlearn;thosewhosixtyyearsagolaughedatthepossibilityofflight,andtenyearsagolaughedattheideaoftraveltotheplanets,arenowquitesurethatthestarswillalwaysbeyondourresearch.Andagaintheyarewrong,fortheyhavefailedtograspthegreatlessonofourage—thatifsomethingispossibleintheory,andnofundamentalscientificlawsopposeitsrealization,thensoonerorlateritwillbeachieved.

Onedayweshalldiscoverareallyefficientmeansofpropellingourspacevehicles.Everytechnicaldeviceisalwaysdevelopedtoitslimitandtheultimatespeedforspaceshipsisthevelocityoflight.Theywillneverreachthatgoal,buttheywillgetverynearit.Andtheneareststarwillbelessthanfiveyearsofvoyagingfromtheearth.

1.Forlighttotravelacrossthesolarsystem,itwilltake（）.

2.Thefactthatitwillneverbepossibletoconversewithsomeoneonanotherplanetshowsthat（）.

3.Confrontedwiththenewgroupofcosmicreality,manyeducatedmen（）.

4.Conservativescientistswhodenythatcosmicgulfscaneverbecrossedwill（）.

5.Theauthorofthepassage,readerscaninfer,intendstoshowthe（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.ayear

B.nearlyaday

C.twomonths

D.thirtyminutes

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.certainuniversallawscannotbeprevailedagainst

B.noobjectcanevertravelfasterthanlight

C.westernculturehasaspecialideaofcommunication

D.radiomessagedonottravelfastenough

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.becomeignorantsavagesagain

B.findthe“timebarrier”unbearable

C.willnotcombinesolarandstellarspace

D.cannotadapttotheabruptchangeofscale

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.laughattheveryideasofflight

B.learnalessonastheydidtenyearsago

C.findspacetravelbeyondtheirreach

D.opposethefundamentalscientificlaws

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.limitationsofourtechnology

B.vastnessofthecosmicreality

C.prospectofplanetarytravel

D.psychologicalimpactoftimeandspace

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:C

【解析】第1題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干定位到文章第四段中“...thesewillamounttotwentyhours—thetimeittakesaradiosignaltospantheorbitofPluto,theouter-mostplanet.這相當(dāng)于20個(gè)小時(shí)——這是一個(gè)無(wú)線電信號(hào)跨越冥王星軌道所需的時(shí)間，冥王星是最外層的行星。”20小時(shí)幾乎一天，可知B項(xiàng)與原文相符。A項(xiàng)“一年”，與原文不符；B項(xiàng)“幾乎一天”；C項(xiàng)“兩個(gè)月”，與原文不符；D項(xiàng)“三十分鐘”，與原文不符，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

第2題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干定位到文章第一段中“Itwillneverbepossibletoconversewithanyoneonanotherplanet.Evenwithtoday’sradioequipment,themessageswilltakeminutes—sometimeshours…和另一個(gè)星球上的人交談是不可能的。即使使用今天的無(wú)線電設(shè)備，發(fā)送信息也需要幾分鐘，有時(shí)甚至幾小時(shí)……”與第二段中“Insuchcircumstances,anexchangeofverbalmessageispossible—butnotaconversation.在這種情況下，口頭信息的交換是可能的——但不是對(duì)話。”可推知D項(xiàng)與原文相符。A項(xiàng)“某些普遍的規(guī)律是不能被推翻的”，與原文不符；B項(xiàng)“沒(méi)有任何物體的速度能超過(guò)光速”，與原文不符；C項(xiàng)“西方文化有一種特殊的溝通觀念”，與原文不符；D項(xiàng)“無(wú)線電信息傳播不夠快”，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

第3題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干定位到文章第五段中“Eventoday,manyotherwiseeducatedmen—likethosesavageswhocancounttothreebutlumptogetherallnumbersbeyondfour—cannotgrasptheprofounddistinctionbetweensolarandstellarspace…itisliterallymillionsoftimesgreater.Thereisnotsuchabruptchangeofscaleintheterrestrialaffair.即使在今天，許多受過(guò)教育的人——就像那些能數(shù)到三，卻能把四以外的數(shù)字加在一起的野蠻人無(wú)法理解太陽(yáng)和恒星空間的深刻區(qū)別一樣……它實(shí)際上要大幾百萬(wàn)倍。陸地事務(wù)中沒(méi)有這樣突然的規(guī)模變化”，可推知D項(xiàng)與原文相符。A項(xiàng)“再次成為無(wú)知的野蠻人”，與原文不符；B項(xiàng)“發(fā)現(xiàn)‘時(shí)間障礙’難以忍受”，與原文不符；C項(xiàng)“將不會(huì)把太陽(yáng)和恒星的空間結(jié)合起來(lái)”，與原文不符；D項(xiàng)“不能適應(yīng)規(guī)模的突變”，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

第4題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干定位到文章第六段中“Somepeopleneverlearn;thosewhosixtyyearsagolaughedatthepossibilityofflight,andtenyearsagolaughedattheideaoftraveltotheplanets,arenowquitesurethatthestarswillalwaysbeyondourresearch.有些人永遠(yuǎn)學(xué)不會(huì)；那些六十年前嘲笑飛行的可能性，十年前嘲笑到行星上旅行的想法的人，現(xiàn)在相當(dāng)肯定地認(rèn)為恒星永遠(yuǎn)超出我們的研究范圍。”可知C項(xiàng)與原文相符。A項(xiàng)“嘲笑飛行的想法”，與原文不符；B項(xiàng)“像他們十年前那樣吸取教訓(xùn)”，與原文不符；C項(xiàng)“發(fā)現(xiàn)他們無(wú)法進(jìn)行太空旅行”；D項(xiàng)“反對(duì)基本的科學(xué)規(guī)律”，與原文不符，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

第5題:推理判斷題。由題干定位到文章最后一段中“Theywillneverreachthatgoal,buttheywillgetverynearit.他們永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)達(dá)到這個(gè)目標(biāo)，但他們會(huì)非常接近這個(gè)目標(biāo)。”這個(gè)表述說(shuō)明了作者對(duì)星際旅行充滿著期望，因此知C項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)“我們技術(shù)的局限性”，與原文不符；B項(xiàng)“浩瀚的宇宙現(xiàn)實(shí)”，與原文不符；C項(xiàng)“星際旅行的前景”；D項(xiàng)“時(shí)間和空間的心理影響”，與原文不符，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

3.單選題

Theywereinadreadful（）whentheirmoney,ticketsandpassportswerestolenwhiletheywereonholiday.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.conspiracy

B.plight

C.serenity

D.custody

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)conspiracy“陰謀，共謀，陰謀集團(tuán)”；B選項(xiàng)plight“困境，境況，誓約”；C選項(xiàng)serenity“平靜，寧?kù)o”；D選項(xiàng)custody“保管，監(jiān)護(hù)”。句意：他們度假時(shí)錢(qián)、機(jī)票和護(hù)照被盜，陷入了可怕的_____。根據(jù)邏輯可知，在度假時(shí)丟失了財(cái)務(wù)，肯定是陷入了困境，因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

4.單選題

Thewealthofacountryshouldbemeasured（）thehealthandhappinessofitspeopleaswellasthematerialgoodsitcanproduce.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.inregardto

B.inlinewith

C.intermsof

D.bymeansof

【答案】C

【解析】考查短語(yǔ)。inregardto“關(guān)于”；inlinewith“符合，與……一致”；intermsof“依據(jù)，按照”；bymeansof“用，依靠”。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處后面的內(nèi)容是做方式狀語(yǔ)，因此從C與D選項(xiàng)中選，根據(jù)兩個(gè)詞組的意思，可知選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

5.問(wèn)答題

Indealingwithastudentwhoisactingaggressivelytowardhisclassmates,youwanttosendastrongmessagethataggressivebehaviorwillnotbetoleratedinyourclassroom.Inaddition,youwanttohelphimdevelopmoreappropriatewaysofsettlingdisputeswithhispeers.

Iftwoelementaryschoolstudentsareengagedinafight,useastrongloudvoicetostopit.Ifthatdoesn’twork,youmightsaysomethingodd(“Lookup!Theceilingisfalling!”)todiverttheirattention.Iftheystilldon’tstopandyoucan’tseparatethem,sendastudenttotheofficetogethelp.Ifacrowdofchildrenisgathering,insistthattheymoveawayorsitdown,perhapsclappingyourhandstogettheirattention:(1)Aftertheincidentisover,meetwiththecombatantstogethersotheycangiveyoutheirversionsofwhathappenedandyoucanhelpthemresolveanylingeringproblems.Alsonotifytheparents.

Speakinafirm,no-nonsensemannertostopastudent’saggressivebehavior:usephysicalrestraintasalastresort.Whenrespondingtothestudent,payattentiontoyourverbalaswellasnon-verballanguage.Evenifheisyellingatyou,staycalm.Allowhimtoexpresswhatheisupsetaboutwithoutinterruptinghimandthenacknowledgehisfeelings.Avoidcrossingyourarms,pointingafingerormakingthreats:(2)anyofthoseactionscouldintensifyhisangerandstiffenhisresistance.

Youmightconcludethatastudent’saggressivebehaviorwarrantsseparatinghimfromtherestoftheclass,eithertosendhimastrongmessagethatwhathedidmeritsaseriousconsequenceortoprotecttheotherstudents.Youcandothatbygivinghimatimeoutinclassorbysendinghimtotheoffice.

Althoughhemightexpectyoutoreact(3)punitively,surprisehimbyreactingsupportively.Expressyourconfidencethathecanresolveproblemswithoutbeinghurtfultohispeers.Tellhimthatyouthinkhemustbeupsetaboutsomethingtolosecontrolashedidandyouwanttounderstandwhatmightbebotheringhim.Ifhedoesopenuptoyou,listenattentivelywithoutinterrupting.(4)Speakinginacalmvoice,tellhimthatyouunderstandwhyhewasupset,butstressthathehastofindawaytoexpresshisangerwithwordsratherthanwithhishands.

Youdon’twanttoforceanaggressivestudenttosayheissorrybecausethatmightfuelhisanger,however,youdowanttostronglyencouragehimtomakeamendswiththestudenthehit.(5)Ifheiswillingtodothat,itwillhelpsoothehurtfeelingsandavoidfutureconflicts.

【答案】答：

1.Youneedtochatwithcombatantsengagedinthefightsoonafterwards,toknowthedetaileddescriptionofincidentsandhelptoreconcilethebothside,andinformtheirparents.

2.Anycriticalspeechandactivitywillintensifyaggressivestudent’sangerandstiffenhisresistance.

3.involvingpunishment

4.Speakingtohimcalmlytotellyourunderstandingabouthisupset,youstressthatheshouldlearntoexpressintenseemotionwithwordsratherthanwithfightingways.

5.Onceanaggressivestudentiswillingtosaysorrywithoutinstruction,itwillhelpsoothothers’hurtfeelingandavoidfutureconflicts.

【解析】1.原文句意是：事件結(jié)束后，與打架的雙方學(xué)生見(jiàn)面，讓他們告訴你發(fā)生了什么，幫助他們化解相互之間的矛盾，同時(shí)還要通知家長(zhǎng)。通過(guò)分析原文句子，該句的意思是兩層：一是在打架后和學(xué)生談話并了解情況，二是通知家長(zhǎng)。故該句子可以改寫(xiě)為Youneedtochatwithcombatantsengagedinthefightsoonafterwards,toknowthedetaileddescriptionofincidentsandhelptoreconcilethebothside,andinformtheirparents（你需要和打架同學(xué)交談，了解事件的詳情，幫助調(diào)解雙方，并告知他們的父母）。

2.原文句意是：任何這些行為都可能加劇他的憤怒和加強(qiáng)他的抵抗。根據(jù)原文可知原句中的thoseactions指的是上文所提到的行為，上文提到Evenifheisyellingatyou,staycalm.（即使他對(duì)你大喊大叫，你也要保持冷靜）和Avoidcrossingyourarms,pointingafingerormakingthreats（避免交叉雙臂，用手指或威脅），由此可知，thoseactions指的是言語(yǔ)和動(dòng)作上的行為，所以該句可以擴(kuò)充改寫(xiě)為Anycriticalspeechandactivitywillintensifyaggressivestudent’sangerandstiffenhisresistance（任何批評(píng)性的言論和活動(dòng)都會(huì)加劇好斗學(xué)生的憤怒，加強(qiáng)他們的反抗）。

3.原文中這個(gè)詞語(yǔ)的意思是“懲罰地”；整個(gè)句子的意思是：雖然他可能期望你的反應(yīng)是懲罰性的，但讓他驚訝的是你的反應(yīng)是支持的。這里可以把punitively副詞形式改寫(xiě)為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式involvingpunishment（設(shè)計(jì)懲罰）。

4.原文句意是：用平靜的聲音告訴他，你理解他為什么難過(guò)，但強(qiáng)調(diào)他必須用語(yǔ)言來(lái)表達(dá)憤怒，而不是用手。原文的clam（冷靜的）可以改為副詞，即calmly（冷靜地）；anger（憤怒）可以換一種說(shuō)法，即intenseemotion（強(qiáng)烈的感情）；那么整個(gè)句子就是Speakingtohimcalmlytotellyourunderstandingabouthisupset,youstressthatheshouldlearntoexpressintenseemotionwithwordsratherthanwithfightingways（平靜地和他說(shuō)話，告訴他你理解他的難過(guò)，強(qiáng)調(diào)他應(yīng)該學(xué)會(huì)用語(yǔ)言而不是用爭(zhēng)斗的方式表達(dá)強(qiáng)烈的情感）。

5.原文句意是：如果他愿意這樣做，這將有助于安撫受傷的感情，避免未來(lái)的沖突。這個(gè)句子我們要理解原句中that所指代的內(nèi)容；原文最后一段第一句提到y(tǒng)oudowanttostronglyencouragehimtomakeamendswiththestudenthehit.（你確實(shí)想要強(qiáng)烈鼓勵(lì)他向他打過(guò)的學(xué)生賠罪），由此可知，that所指代的內(nèi)容就是鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生道歉；那么這個(gè)句子可以解釋為Onceanaggressivestudentiswillingtosaysorrywithoutinstruction,itwillhelpsoothothers’hurtfeelingandavoidfutureconflicts（一旦一個(gè)好斗的學(xué)生愿意在沒(méi)有得到指導(dǎo)的情況下說(shuō)對(duì)不起，這將有助于緩解他人受到的傷害，避免未來(lái)的沖突）。

6.單選題

Sometimesthestudentmaybeaskedtowriteabouthis（）toacertainbookorarticlethathassomebearingonthesubjectbeingstudied.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.impression

B.reaction

C.comprehension

D.sentiment

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。B選項(xiàng)reaction“反應(yīng)”。A選項(xiàng)impression“印象，感想”。C選項(xiàng)comprehension“理解，包含”。D選項(xiàng)sentiment“感情，情緒”。句意：有時(shí)，學(xué)生可能被要求寫(xiě)自己對(duì)與研究課題相關(guān)的某本書(shū)或某篇文章的看法。impression和comprehension通常與of連用，reactiontosth..表示“（對(duì)情況、行動(dòng)、影響等做出的）反應(yīng)，回應(yīng)”。因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

7.單選題

Thenewsthatthepresidenthadsubmittedhisresignationcausedagreat（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.sensation

B.stimulation

C.devotion

D.deterioration

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。sensation“感覺(jué)，轟動(dòng)”；stimulation“刺激”；devotion“奉獻(xiàn)”；deterioration“惡化”。句意：總統(tǒng)遞交辭呈的消息引起了巨大轟動(dòng)。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

8.翻譯題

Whilebankstrytoavoiddrowningintroubledassets—badloans—borrowersandlendersalikearequestioninghowbankgotintothecurrentfinancialmess.Manyobserversblamesubprimemortgagelending.Unlikeprimemortgagesubprimeloansaremadetohigh-riskborrowers—thosewithbadcredithistories,excessivedebt,inadequateincomeorotherindicatorsthattheywillnotrepaythelender.Inreturnforriskierloans,borrowerspayhigherinterestrates.1.Asthehousingmarkettumbled,delinquenciesskyrocketedonmillionsofsubprimeloans.Whereasabout6percentofmortgagewereuncollectablefrom2000to2005,thereafterdelinquenciesincreasednearing30percentby2008.Lendersextendedtoomuchcredittoweakborrowers.

Reportsindicatethatthesubprimecrisiscanbetracedtooverlyrelaxedcreditstandards.Onestudyfoundthatmanyloanapplicationslistedfraudulentinformation.Someborrowers,takingadvantageoflaxlendingpracticestolivebeyondtheirmeans,liedabouttheirincomeandassetsinordertosecureloans.2.Othermisinformationcanbeattributedtomortgagebrokerseagertogetotherwiseunqualifiedborrowersapprovedforloans.Somelenderswentsofarastohavearelativeposeasaborrower’sfakeemployerandfalsityW-2formstogainapproval.3.Theseproblemswerecompoundedfurtherbythosewithinthebankingandfinancesystemwhoknewthatrampantfraudwasoccurringbutlookedtheotherway,aslongasprofitskeptrollingin.

4.Nowstuckwithuncollectableloans,unsellableforeclosedpropertiesandbigfinanciallosses,theindustryistighteningcreditstandardsandlendingpractices.Federalbankexaminers,forexample,areinsistingthatloanofficersusegreatercautionandjudgmenttoidentifycredit-worthyborrowersandavoidweakloans.Lendersareswitchingtoindependentrealestateappraiserswhohavenodirectcontactwithloanofficers,togetaccurateratherthaninflatedpropertyappraisals.5.Alongwitheliminatingloanswithzeroorverylowdownpayments,homeequitylendingisshrinkingashomevaluescontinuetofall.Lendersarealsoreducingcreditcardlimit.Withadirelessonlearned,itappearsthattighterstandardsareherefortheforeseeablefuture.

【答案】1.隨著房地產(chǎn)市場(chǎng)的暴跌，數(shù)百萬(wàn)次級(jí)貸款的拖欠率飆升。從2000年到2005年，約有6%的抵押貸款無(wú)法收回，而此后到2008年，拖欠率上升了近30個(gè)百分點(diǎn)。

2.其他的虛假信息可以歸因于抵押貸款經(jīng)紀(jì)人急于讓不合格的借款人獲得貸款。一些貸款機(jī)構(gòu)，甚至讓親戚冒充借款人的假雇主并提供虛假的報(bào)稅表格，以獲得貸款批準(zhǔn)。

3.銀行和金融系統(tǒng)內(nèi)部的人知道存在著猖獗的欺詐行為，但只要利潤(rùn)源源不斷地涌入，他們就視而不見(jiàn)，而這進(jìn)一步加劇了這些問(wèn)題。

4.現(xiàn)在，由于無(wú)法收回的貸款、無(wú)法出售的止贖房產(chǎn)和巨大的金融損失，銀行業(yè)正在收緊信貸標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和放貸操作。

5.隨著零首付或極低首付貸款的取消，房屋凈值貸款隨著房屋價(jià)值的繼續(xù)下跌而萎縮。

9.單選題

Look,weareinsuchanawfulsituation.I’dratheryou（）thedatafromtheInternetyesterday.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.hadn’tdownloaded

B.didn’tdownload

C.weren’tdownloading

D.haven’tdownloaded

【答案】A

【解析】虛擬語(yǔ)氣。wouldrather（寧愿）+賓語(yǔ)從句，從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用had+過(guò)去分詞，故本題的正確答案是A選項(xiàng)。

10.單選題

______theymayeventuallyreducetheamountoflaborneededonconstructionsitesby90percent.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Socleveraretheconstructionrobots

B.Soclevertheconstructionrobotsare

C.Suchconstructionrobotsareclever

D.Suchcleverconstructionrobotsare

【答案】A

【解析】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：這些建筑機(jī)器人非常聰明，它們最終可能會(huì)使建筑工地所需的勞動(dòng)力減少90%。根據(jù)狀語(yǔ)前置用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，排除B、D選項(xiàng)，C選項(xiàng)使題目成為兩個(gè)獨(dú)立的完整句子，不符合題意。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境和句子結(jié)構(gòu)，句子還原成Theconstructionrobotsaresocleverthattheymayeventuallyreducetheamountoflabor…，that在這里省略，A選項(xiàng)Socleveraretheconstructionrobots符合題意。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

11.單選題

Youknowyourselfbetterthananyoneelse;doesnotundertakethatprojectunlessyoucan（）it.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.complement

B.compliment

C.implement

D.supplement

【答案】C

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析題。complement"補(bǔ)足,補(bǔ)充";compliment"恭維,贊美";implement"使生效,實(shí)施,執(zhí)行";supplement"增補(bǔ)"。句意：你比任何人都了解你自己;除非你能將這個(gè)項(xiàng)目實(shí)施下去，否則就不要接管它。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

12.單選題

Shedidherwork（

）hermanagerhadinstructed.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.until

B.when

C.as

D.though

【答案】C

【解析】句意:她照經(jīng)理說(shuō)的做自己的工作。

連詞辨析。As按照，如同,引導(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ),符合句意。until直到,引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句;when當(dāng)…時(shí)候,引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句;though即使,引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。

13.單選題

Opinionpollsarenowbeginningtoshowthat,whoeveristoblameandwhateverhappensfromnowon,highunemploymentisprobablyheretostay.Thismeansweshallhavetofindwaysofsharingtheavailableemploymentmorewidely.

Butweneedtogofurther.Wemustasksomefundamentalquestionsaboutthefuturework.Shouldwecontinuetotreatemploymentasthenorm?Shouldwenotratherencouragemanywaysforself-respectingpeopletowork?Shouldwenotcreateconditionsinwhichmanyofuscanworkforourselves,ratherthanforanemployer?Shouldwenotaimtorevivethehouseholdandtheneighborhood,aswellasthefactoryandtheoffice,ascentersofproductionandwork?

Theindustrialagehasbeentheonlyperiodofhumanhistoryinwhichmostpeople'sworkhastakentheformofjobs.Theindustrialagemaynowbecomingtoanend,andsomeofthechangesinworkpatternswhichitbroughtmayhavetobereversed.Thisseemsadauntingthought.Butinfactitcouldoffertheprospectofabetterfutureforwork.Universalemployment,asitshistoryshows,hasnotmeanteconomicfreedom.

Employmentbecamewidespreadwhentheenclosuresofthe17thand18thcenturiesmademanypeopledependentonpaidworkbydeprivingthemoftheuseoftheland,andthusofthemeanstoprovidealivingforthemselves.Thenthefactorysystemdestroyedthecottageindustriesandremovedworkfrompeople'shomes.Later,astransportimproved,firstbyrailandthenbyroad,peoplecommutedlongerdistancestotheirplacesofemploymentuntil,eventually,manypeople'sworklostallconnectionwiththeirhomelivesandtheplacesinwhichtheylive.

Meanwhile,employmentputwomenatadisadvantage.Inpre-industrialtimes,menandwomenhadsharedtheproductiveworkofthehouseholdandvillagecommunity.Nowitbecamecustomaryforthehusbandtogoouttopaidemployment,leavingtheunpaidworkofthehomeandfamiliestohiswife.Taxandbenefitregulationsstillassumethisnormtodayandrestrictmoreflexiblesharingofworkrolesbetweenthesexes.

Itwasnotonlywomenwhoseworkstatussuffered.Asemploymentbecamethedominantformofwork,youngpeopleandoldpeoplewereexcluded—aproblemnow,asmoreteenagersbecomefrustratedatschoolandmoreretiredpeoplewanttoliveactivelives.

Allthismaynowhavetochange.Thetimehascertainlycometoswitchsomeeffortandresourcesawayfromtheidealistgoalofcreatingjobsforalltotheurgentpracticaltaskofhelpingmanypeopletomanagewithoutfull-timejobs.

1.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

2.WhichofthefollowingwasNOTmentionedasafactorcontributingtothespreadofemployment?

3.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat（）.

4.Theword"daunting"inthethirdparagraphmeans（）.

5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTsuggestedasapossiblemeanstocopewiththecurrentsituation?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Employmentbecamewidespreadinthe17thand18thcenturies.

B.Unemploymentwillremainamajorproblemforindustrializednations.

C.Theindustrialagemaynowbecomingtoanend.

D.Someeffortsandresourcesshouldbedevotedtohelpingmorepeoplecopewiththeproblemofunemployment

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Theenclosuresofthe17thand18thcenturies.

B.Thedevelopmentoffactories.

C.Relieffromhouseworkonthepartofwomen.

D.Developmentofmodernmeansoftransportation.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.mostpeoplewhohavebeenpolledbelievethattheproblemofunemploymentmaynotbesolvedwithinashortperiodoftime

B.manyfarmerslosttheirlandwhennewrailwaysandfactorieswerebeingconstructed

C.inpre-industrialsocietieshouseworkandcommunityserviceweremainlycarriedoutbywomen

D.someofthechangesinworkpatternsthattheindustrialagebroughthavebeenreversed

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.shocking

B.interesting

C.confusing

D.stimulating

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Createsituationsinwhichpeopleworkforthemselves.

B.Treatemploymentasthenorm.

C.Endeavortorevivethehouseholdandtheneighborhoodascentersofproduction.

D.Encouragepeopletoworkincircumstancesotherthannormalworkingconditions.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.主旨大意題。A項(xiàng)“就業(yè)在17和18世紀(jì)變得廣泛。”，B項(xiàng)“失業(yè)仍將是工業(yè)化國(guó)家的一個(gè)主要問(wèn)題。”，C項(xiàng)“工業(yè)時(shí)代可能即將結(jié)束。”，這三個(gè)選項(xiàng)均為文章中所闡述的一個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)，而非主旨；D項(xiàng)“應(yīng)該做出一些努力、提供一些資源，幫助更多的人處理失業(yè)問(wèn)題”，文章最后一段提到“Thetimehascertainlycometoswitchsomeeffortandresourcesawayfromtheidealistgoalofcreatingjobsforalltotheurgentpracticaltaskofhelpingmanypeopletomanagewithoutfull-timejobs.現(xiàn)在當(dāng)然是時(shí)候把一些努力和資源從為所有人創(chuàng)造就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)的理想目標(biāo)上轉(zhuǎn)移到幫助許多沒(méi)有全職工作的人也能生活的緊急實(shí)用任務(wù)上來(lái)”可推斷D項(xiàng)符合題意，故選D。

2.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。A項(xiàng)“十七和十八世紀(jì)的圈地”，文章第四段第一句有提到，B項(xiàng)“工廠的發(fā)展”，D項(xiàng)“現(xiàn)代交通工具的發(fā)展”，文章第四段第二、三句有提到這兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)；C項(xiàng)“婦女家務(wù)活減少”在原文中沒(méi)有提及，故選C項(xiàng)。

3.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。A項(xiàng)“大多數(shù)接受調(diào)查的人認(rèn)為，失業(yè)問(wèn)題可能不會(huì)在短時(shí)間內(nèi)得到解決”，文章第一段提到“Opinionpollsarenowbeginningtoshowthat,whoeveristoblameandwhateverhappensfromnowon,highunemploymentisprobablyheretostay.“民意調(diào)查現(xiàn)在開(kāi)始顯示，不管是誰(shuí)，不管從現(xiàn)在開(kāi)始發(fā)生什么，高失業(yè)率可能會(huì)繼續(xù)存在。”可推斷A項(xiàng)正確。B項(xiàng)“許多農(nóng)民在修建新鐵路和工廠時(shí)失去了土地”，文章第四段第一句提到“很多人在17至18世紀(jì)的圈地運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)失去土地”，故B不正確；C項(xiàng)“在前工業(yè)化時(shí)期，家務(wù)和社區(qū)服務(wù)主要由婦女進(jìn)行”，文章倒數(shù)第三段第二句提到“Inpre-industrialtimes,menandwomenhadsharedtheproductiveworkofthehouseholdandvillagecommunity.在前工業(yè)化時(shí)期，男人和女人分擔(dān)家庭和農(nóng)村公社的生產(chǎn)工作”可推斷“mainlycarriedoutbywomen”與原文不符；D項(xiàng)“工業(yè)時(shí)代帶來(lái)的工作模式的一些變化已經(jīng)逆轉(zhuǎn)”，文章第三段提到“Theindustrialagemaynowbecomingtoanend,andsomeofthechangesinworkpatternswhichitbroughtmayhavetobereversed.工業(yè)時(shí)代現(xiàn)在可能即將結(jié)束，它所帶來(lái)的一些工作模式的變化不得不被倒過(guò)來(lái)”可推斷D項(xiàng)中“havebeenreversed已經(jīng)被倒過(guò)來(lái)”不正確，故選A。

4.詞匯題。A項(xiàng)“可怕的”；B項(xiàng)“有趣的”；C項(xiàng)“令人困惑的”；D項(xiàng)“刺激的”。文章第三段提到“Theindustrialagemaynowbecomingtoanend,andsomeofthechangesinworkpatternswhichitbroughtmayhavetobereversed.工業(yè)時(shí)代現(xiàn)在可能即將結(jié)束，它所帶來(lái)的一些工作模式的變化不得不被倒過(guò)來(lái)”可推斷“Thisseemsadauntingthought.這似乎是一個(gè)…想法”daunting為“這種想法是令人害怕或生畏的”最符合題意，故選A。

5.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。A項(xiàng)“創(chuàng)造為自己工作的條件”，文章第二段提到“Shouldwenotcreateconditionsinwhichmanyofuscanworkforourselves,ratherthanforanemployer?我們難道不應(yīng)該創(chuàng)造條件讓我們中的很多人為自己工作而不是為雇主嗎？”可知A項(xiàng)有被建議。C項(xiàng)“努力恢復(fù)以家庭和鄰里為生產(chǎn)中心的模式”，文章第二段提到“Shouldwenotaimtorevivethehouseholdandtheneighborhood,aswellasthefactoryandtheoffice,ascentersofproductionandwork?我們難道不應(yīng)該把家庭、社區(qū)、工廠和辦公室作為生產(chǎn)和工作的中心來(lái)振興嗎？”可知C項(xiàng)有被建議；D項(xiàng)“鼓勵(lì)人們?cè)谡９ぷ鳁l件以外的情況下工作”，文章第二段提到“Shouldwenotratherencouragemanywaysforself-respectingpeopletowork?我們難道不應(yīng)該支持很多方式讓有自尊心的人去工作嗎？”可知D項(xiàng)有被建議；B項(xiàng)“視就業(yè)為常態(tài)”，文章第二段中“Shouldwecontinuetotreatemploymentasthenorm?我們應(yīng)該繼續(xù)將就業(yè)當(dāng)成慣例？”從作者的語(yǔ)氣中可推斷“將就業(yè)當(dāng)成常態(tài)”沒(méi)有被建議，故選B。

14.單選題

Thefirestartedonthefirstfloorofthehospital______wereelderlyandweak.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.manyofitspatients

B.manyofwhichpatients

C.manypatientsofwhom

D.manyofwhosepatients

【答案】D

【解析】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：大火從醫(yī)院的一樓開(kāi)始蔓延，在一樓有許多年老體弱的病人。橫線到句尾部分是修飾firstfloor的定語(yǔ)從句，patients和firstfloor是所屬關(guān)系，用引導(dǎo)詞whose，D選項(xiàng)manyofwhosepatients符合題意。A選項(xiàng)中its不是引導(dǎo)詞，不引導(dǎo)從句；B選項(xiàng)中which不表示所屬關(guān)系；C選項(xiàng)中whom用在先行詞是人的情況。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

15.單選題

Somepeoplesaythatthestudyofliberalartsisauselessluxurywecannotaffordinhardtimes.Students,theyargue,whodonotdevelopsalableskillswillfinditdifficulttolandajobupongraduation.Butthereisaprobleminspeakingof“salableskills.”Whatskillsaresalable?Rightnow,skillsformakingautomobilesarenothighlysalable,buttheyhavebeenfordecadesandmightbeagain.Skillsinteachingarenotnowassalableastheywereduringthepast20years,andthepopulationchartsindicatetheymaynotbesoonagain.Homeconstructionskillsareanotherexampleofvaryingsalability,asthejobmarketfluctuates.What’smore,ifonewantstobuildacurriculumexclusivelyonwhatissalable,onewillhavetomakethecourseveryshortandchangethemveryoften,inordertokeepupwiththerapidchangesinthejobmarket.Butwillnottheeffortbeinvain?Inveryfewthingscanwebesureoffuturesalability,andinasocietywherepeoplearefreetostudywhattheywant,andworkwheretheywant,andinvestastheywant,thereisnowaytokeepsupplyanddemandinlaborinperfectaccord.

ASchoolthatdevotesitselftotallytosalableskills,especiallyinatimeofhighunemployment,sendingyoungmenandwomenintotheworldarmedwithonlyanarrowrangeofskills,isalsosendinglambsintothelion’sden.Ifthosepeoplegainnothingmorefromtheirstudiesthansupposedlysalableskills,andcan’tmakethesalebecauseofchangesinthejobmarket,theyhavebeencheated.Butifthoseskillsweremorethansalable,ifstudygavethemabetterunderstandingoftheworldaroundthemandgreateradaptabilityinachangingworld,theyhavenotbeencheated.Theywillfindsomekindofjobsoonenough.Flexibility,anabilitytochangeandlearnnewthings,isavaluableskill.Peoplewhohavelearnedhowtolearncanlearnoutsideofschool.Thatiswheremostofushavelearnedtodowhatwedo,notinschool.Learningtolearnisoneofthehighestliberalskills.

1.Fromthispassage,wecanlearnthattheauthorisinfavorof

______.

2.Theword“fluctuate”inthefirstparagraphmostprobablymeans______.

3.Accordingtotheauthor,whoofthefollowingismorelikelytogetajobintimesofhighunemployment?

4.Accordingtotheauthor,indevelopingacurriculumschoolsshould______.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.teachingpracticalskillsthatcanbesoldinthecurrentjobmarket

B.aflexiblecurriculumthatchangeswiththetimes

C.aliberaleducation

D.keepingabalancebetweenthesupplyanddemandinthelabormarket

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.remainsteady

B.changeinanirregularway

C.followasetpattern

D.becomeworseandworse

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Apersonwiththeabilitytolearnbyhimself

B.Aconstructionworker

C.Acarrepairman

D.Apersonwithquiteafewsalableskills

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.predictthesalabilityofskillsinthefuturejobmarket

B.takethecurrentjobmarketintoconsideration

C.considerwhatskillaresalable

D.focusontheabilitytoadapttochanges

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:D

【解析】1.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章第一段最后一句Inveryfewthingscanwebesureoffuturesalability,andinasocietywherepeoplearefreetostudywhattheywant,andworkwheretheywant,andinvestastheywant,thereisnowaytokeepsupplyanddemandinlaborinperfectaccord.（在一個(gè)人們可以自由學(xué)習(xí)他們想要的東西、在他們想要的地方工作、在他們想要的地方投資的社會(huì)里，我們不可能使勞動(dòng)力的供求完全一致）可知作者沒(méi)有特地支持哪一種教育，而是支持他們自由地學(xué)習(xí)。C選項(xiàng)“自由的教育”，符合文章內(nèi)容，C選項(xiàng)正確。A選項(xiàng)“教授一些實(shí)用的技能，這些技能可以在當(dāng)前的就業(yè)市場(chǎng)上得到銷售”，作者在文中寫(xiě)到，不確定哪些技能值得推銷，可排除A選項(xiàng)。B選項(xiàng)“隨時(shí)代