書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-寧夏民族職業(yè)技術學院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.單選題

Hewasshockedtodiscoverthatthingsdraggedonwell（

）thetwoweekshehadanticipated.

問題1選項

A.from

B.for

C.away

D.beyond

【答案】D

【解析】句意：他吃驚地發(fā)現(xiàn)，事情拖長得遠超過了他預期的兩個星期。選項D符合語境。

2.單選題

Sincethesituationischanging,let’stakesome（）measurestodealwithit.

問題1選項

A.available

B.changeable

C.considerable

D.flexible

【答案】D

【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。available可獲得的；changeable多變的；considerable相當大的，重要的；flexible靈活的。句意：既然情況在變化，讓我們采取一些靈活的措施來處理它。選項B和D在句意上似乎都可以，但這里修飾的名詞是measures，所以選項D更恰當一些。

3.單選題

FactoryandaccompanyingprosperitymutedmemoriesoftheGreatDepressionandmadehimanationalhero.

問題1選項

A.transpire

B.upbraid

C.muffle

D.twist

【答案】C

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.transpire為人所知B.upbraid訓斥

C.muffle使（聲音）降低D.twist使彎曲

【答案】C

【考查點】動詞辨析

【解題思路】劃線詞的主語為“工廠和隨之而來的繁榮”，賓語為“關于大蕭條的記憶”，根據(jù)常理推斷，繁榮沖淡了人們對大蕭條的記憶；原詞muted“消音；減弱”。因此，C選項muffle“使（聲音）降低”最接近原句句意。

【干擾項排除】A、B、D選項不符合原句句意。

【句意】工廠和隨之而來的繁榮掩蓋了人們對大蕭條的記憶，并且使他成為了民族英雄。

4.問答題

ThefounderofAlibabaoncesaid“Singles’Day(November11)shoppingfestivalactivatedonlyatinypartofChina’sdomesticdemand,andhasstillalongwaytogotofullyunleashthegreatpotentialoftheChinesemarket.”Headdedthat:“AlibabawillholdSingles’Dayshoppingfestivalforatleast100years,andmakeSingles’DayashoppingfestivalfornotonlyChineseconsumersbutalsopeoplearoundtheworld.ThefestivalwilllastevenlongerthanAlibabaitself.”

ChineseshoppershavespentbigovertheSingles’Dayshoppingfestival,showingthecountry’sstrongeconomicrecoveryfollowingtheCovid-19epidemic.SalesonAlibaba’se-commerceplatformTmallexceeded372.3billionyuan(56.29billionU.S.dollars)betweenNov.1and12:30a.m.onNov.11.Attheshoppingpeak,583,000ordersweremadeinasinglesecondonTmall,settinganewonlineshoppingrecord.Morethan800millionshoppers,250,000brandsand5millionmerchantshaveparticipatedin2020Singles’Dayshoppingspree,accordingtoTmall.

SomeAmericaninvestorshavealreadybeguntodoubtifthefestivalwouldcomeattheexpenseoflowspendingpowerofChineseconsumersduringtherestoftheyear,whileotherinvestorsseemedtobemuchmoreworriedifAlibabawassellingfakeproductstoconsumers.Ananalystfurtherexplainedthat:“ThemajorreasonwhyinvestorsbegintocastdoubtontheeffectofSingles’Dayshoppingfestivalisthattheyworriedthatthisworld’shugest,biggestandcraziestshoppingdayoftheyearmightunderminebothconsumers’spendingpowerandbusinessowners’marketingability.”

Indeed,thelarge-scalediscountactivitiesonSingles’Daymightinterruptsomeconsumers’purchaseplanbeforeandaftertheshoppingfestival,otherconsumerswhoshoppedonlineslightlybeforethe“bigday”mighthavetowaitforextratimetohavetheirgoodsdeliveredtothem,andstillothersmightshopirrationallyandgetoverdrawn,thusregretfullyreturningmostoftheirgoods.BusinessownerswerealsoforcedtoseizetheopportunityonSingles’Dayanddoeverythingtheycould,includingpreparingenoughgoodsbeforethebigday,placingfakeordersonthebigday,onlytoattractconsumers’attentionandsellasmanygoodsaspossibleonthebigday.

ThefounderofanothermajorChineseonlineretailingplatformoncestatedtothemedia,saying,“Ithasalreadybecomeacommonpracticeforbusinessownerstoplacefakeordersononlineretailingplatforms,sinceboththeseplatformsandconsumersarewillingtorankabrandbasedonitssales.”

“Sincesomeonlineretailingplatformswouldlowerthepriceagreatdealtocompetewithotherplatformsinthepricebattle,wewouldevenbuybacktheproductsweprovidedtotheseplatformswithalowerpriceandthensoldthemwitharegularpriceontraditionalsaleschannels,”aseniorsalespersonnelofatraditionalbrandoncesuggested,“Wearealmostforcedtoplacefakeorderssincemanyconsumersprefertobuyproductswithhighersales.”

Nevertheless,mostbusinessownersseemednottobemakingmuchprofitoutoftheshoppingspreeoneverySingles’Day.Foronething,theyhadtospendmuchmoneyinplacingfakeordersandpromotingthemselves;foranother,theyhadtolowerthepricealotandmakeprofitmerelybylargesales,whichcouldbehighlyriskywhenthehighreturnratesistakenintoconsideration.

Answerthefollowingquestionsaccordingtotheabovetext.

1)WhycannotwebetotallyoptimisticabouttheenormouslyhugesalesvolumeofAlibaba’sSingles’Dayshoppingfestival?(10points)

2)HowdoestheSingles’Dayshoppingspreeinfluenceconsumersandbusinessowners?(10points)

【答案】1)Therearetworeasonscanbelisted.ThefirstoneisthatSingles’Day(November11)shoppingfestivalactivatedonlyatinypartofChina’sdomesticdemand,andhasstillalongwaytogotofullyunleashthegreatpotentialoftheChinesemarket.Thesecondreasonisthatthisworld’shugest,biggestandcraziestshoppingdayoftheyearmightunderminebothconsumers’spendingpowerandbusinessowners’marketingability.

2)Singles’Daymightinterruptsomeconsumer’purchaseplanbeforeandaftertheshoppingfestival,otherconsumerswhoshoppedonlineslightlybeforethe“bigday”mighthavetowaitforextratimetohavetheirgoodsdeliveredtothem,andstillothersmightshopirrationallyandgetoverdrawn,thusregretfullyreturningmostoftheirgoods.BusinessownerswerealsoforcedtoseizetheopportunityonSingles’Dayanddoeverythingtheycould,includingpreparingenoughgoodsbeforethebigday,placingfakeordersonthebigday,onlytoattractconsumers’attentionandsellasmanygoodsaspossibleonthebigday.Atthesametime,mostbusinessownersseemednottobemakingmuchprofitoutoftheshoppingspreeoneverySingles’Day.

5.單選題

Questions26to30arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

AbrahamLincolnturns200thisyear,andhe’sbeginningtoshowhisage.Whenhisbirthdayarrives,onFebruary12,CongresswillholdaspecialjointsessionintheCapitol’sNationalStatuaryHall,awreathwillbelaidatthegreatmemorialinWashington,andawebcastwilllinkschoolclassroomsfora“teach-in”honoringhismemory.

Admirableastheyare,though,theeventswillstrikemanyofusLincolnfansasinadequate,evenhalfheartedand—anothersignthatourappreciationforthe16thpresidentandhistoweringachievementsisslippingaway.Andyoudon’thavetobeaLincolnenthusiasttobelievethatthisissomethingwecan’taffordtolose.

Comparethisyear’scelebrationwiththeLincolncentennialin1909.Thatyear,Lincoln’slikenessmadeitsdebutonthepenny,thankstoapprovalfromtheU.S.SecretaryoftheTreasuryCommunitiesandcivicassociationsineverycomerofthecountyeruptedinparades,concerts,balls,lecturesandmilitarydisplays.Westillfeeltheeffectstoday:Themomentumunloosedin1909ledtotheLincolnMemorial,openedin1922,andtheLincolnHighway,thefirstpavedtranscontinentalthoroughfare.

Thecelebrantsin1909hadafewinspirationswelacktoday.Lincoln’spresidencywasstillalivingmemoryforcountlessAmericans.In2009wearefartherintimefromtheendoftheSecondWorldWarthantheywerefromtheCivilWar;familiesstillfeltthelossoflovedonesfromthatawfulnationaltrauma.

ButAmericansin1909hadsomethingmore:anunembarrassedappreciationforheroesandanacutesenseofthewaythatevenlong-deadhistoricalfigurespressinonthepresentandmakeuswhoweare.

OnestorywillillustratewhatI’mtalkingabout.

In2003agroupoflocalcitizensarrangedtoplaceastatueofLincolninRichmond,Virginia,formercapitaloftheConfederacy.Theideatouchedoffafirestormofcontroversy.TheSonsofConfederateVeteransheldapublicconferenceofcarefullyselectedscholarsto“reassess”thelegacyofLincoln.Theverdict—nosurprise—wasnegative:Lincolnwaslabeledeverythingfromaracisttotalitariantoatellerofdirtyjokes.

Icoveredtheconferenceasareporter,butwhatreallyunnervedmewasacounter-conferenceofscholarstorefutetheearlierone.ThesescholarsdrewapictureofLincolnthatonlyourtouchy-feelyagecouldconjureup.Themanwhooversawthemostsavagewarinourhistorywasdescribed—byhisadmirers,remember—as“nonjudgmental,”“unmoralistic,”“comfortablewithambiguity.”

IfeltthewayafriendofminefeltaswelaterwatchedtheunveilingoftheRichmondstatueinasubduedceremony:“Buthe’ssosmall!”

ThestatueinRichmondwasindeedsmall;likenearlyeveryLincolnstatueputupinthepasthalfcentury,itwaslife-sizeandwasplacedatgroundlevel,aconsciousrejectionoftheheroic—approachableandhuman,yes,butnotsomethingtolookupto.

TheRichmondepisodetaughtmethatAmericanshavelostthelanguagetoexplainLincoln’sgreatnesseventoourselves.EarliergenerationssaidtheywantedtheirchildrentobelikeLincoln:principled,kind,compassionate,resolute.TodaywewantLincolntobelikeus.

ThishelpstoexplainthelongstringofrecentbooksinwhichwritershavepresentedaLincolnmadeaftertheirownimage.We’vehadLincolnashumoristandLincolnasmanic-depressive,Lincolnthebusinesssage,theconservativeLincolnandtheliberalLincoln,theemancipatorandtheracist,thestoicphilosopher,theChristian,theatheist—LincolnovereasyandLincolnscrambled.

What’softenmissing,though,isthetimelessLincoln,theLincolnwhomallgenerations,ourownnolessthanthatof1909,canlayclaimto.Luckyforus,thosememorializersfromacenturyago—and,throughthem,Lincolnhimself—haveleftusthehintofwheretofindhim.TheLincolnMemorialisthemostvisitedofourpresidentialmonuments.HereiswherewefindtheLincolnwhoendures:inthewordsheleftus,definingthecountrywe’veinherited.HereistheLincolnwhocanbeendlesslyrenewedandwho,200yearsafterhisbirth,retainsthepowertorenewus.

26.Theauthorthinksthatthisyear’scelebration,isinadequateandevenhalfheartedbecause（）.

27.Accordingthepassagewhatreallymakesthe1909celebrationsdifferentformthisyear’s?

28.Intheauthor’sopinion,thecounter-conference（）.

29.Accordingtotheauthor,theimageofLincolnconceivedbycontemporarypeople（）.

30.Whichofthefollowingbestexplainstheimplicationofthelastparagraph?

問題1選項

A.nosimilarappreciationofLincolnwillbeseen

B.noactivitiescanbecomparedtothosein1909

C.noLincolnstatuewillbeunveiled

D.nomemorialcoinswillbeissued

問題2選項

A.StructuresconstructedinmemoryofLincoln.

B.Varietyandmagnitudeofcelebrationactivities.

C.Respectforgreatpeopleandtheirinfluence.

D.TemporalproximitytoLincoln’spresidency.

問題3選項

A.rectifiedthejudgmentbythosecarefullyselectedscholars

B.resultedinsimilardisparagingremarksonLincoln

C.cameupwithsomewhatfavorableconclusions

D.offeredabrandnewreassessmentperspective

問題4選項

A.revealsthevarietyofcurrentopinionsonheroes

B.showsthepresent-daydesiretoemulateLincoln

C.reflectsthepresent-daytendencyofworship

D.conformstotraditionalimages

問題5選項

A.Thememorialissymbolicofthegreatman’sachievements.

B.Lincoln’sgreatnessremainsdespitethepassageoftime.

C.EachgenerationhasitsowninterpretationofLincoln.

D.PeoplegettoknowLincolnthroughmemorializers.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】26、【試題答案】B

【試題解析】判斷推理題。由題干關鍵詞“inadequateandevenhalfhearted”定位到本文第二段，可知本段是指今年的慶祝是不夠的，甚至有點三心二意。再根據(jù)第三段主要講述為什么今年的慶祝是不夠的，由第三段第一句話“Comparethisyear’scelebrationwiththeLincolncentennialin1909”（將今年的慶?；顒优c1909年的林肯誕生100周年進行比較），然后本段主要介紹了1909年的慶祝活動的盛大，所以可知今年的慶祝不夠是因為與1909年相比，是遠遠不夠的，因此B選項符合題意；A選項沒有原文依據(jù)；C、D選項都是今年慶?；顒記]有，而1909年有的具體表現(xiàn)，所以排除。因此B選項正確。

27、【試題答案】B

【試題解析】判斷推理題。由26題也可知今年與1909年的慶?；顒硬煌氖菓c祝的種類與規(guī)模，即本文的第三段介紹了有哪些不同，因此B選項符合題意。A選項“為紀念林肯而建造的建筑物”是屬于慶祝的規(guī)模與范疇的；C選項說法錯誤，即使是今天，人們也無法用語言描述出林肯的偉大；D選項沒有原文依據(jù)。因此B選項正確。

28、【試題答案】B

【試題解析】判斷推理題。由題干關鍵詞“counter-conference”定位到第八段最后一句“Themanwhooversawthemostsavagewarinourhistorywasdescribed—byhisadmirers,remember—as‘nonjudgmental,’‘unmoralistic,’‘comfortablewithambiguity’”（這位目睹了我們歷史上最野蠻的戰(zhàn)爭的人，被他的崇拜者描述為——請記住——“不偏不倚”“不講道德”“喜歡模棱兩可”）可知反會議上學者為林肯做的畫像，傳遞出關于林肯負面的內(nèi)容，即導致了對林肯類似的貶低的言論，所以B選項與其相對應。A、C、D選項均說法錯誤，與B選項意義相反，所以排除。因此B選項正確。

29、【試題答案】A

【試題解析】判斷推理題。由題干關鍵詞“imageofLincoln”可定位到倒數(shù)第二段的第一句話“ThishelpstoexplainthelongstringofrecentbooksinwhichwritershavepresentedaLincolnmadeaftertheirownimage”，后面是一些作家對林肯的形象的制造，總之是很混亂的，包括幽默家、解放者等，所以林肯的形象揭示了當前對英雄的各種不同看法，因此A選項說法正確。B、C、D選項沒有原文依據(jù)。

30、【試題答案】B

【試題解析】總結歸納題。由題干定位到本文的最后一段。由最后一段最后一句話“HereistheLincolnwhocanbeendlesslyrenewedandwho,200yearsafterhisbirth,retainsthepowertorenewus”（這就是林肯，他可以不斷地被更新，在他出生200年后，他仍然保留著更新我們的權力）可知人們對林肯的形象有不同的解釋與更新，但是盡管時間流逝，林肯的偉大仍然存在，最后一段主要強調(diào)林肯的偉大不會消失且一直在影響著人們。最后一段沒有提到紀念碑的內(nèi)容，A選項排除；C選項體現(xiàn)在倒數(shù)第二段，題干問的是最后一段；D選項沒有原文依據(jù)，所以排除。因此B選項正確。

6.單選題

Duringthe1960’sand1970’s,theprimaryeconomicdevelopmentstrategyoflocalgovernmentsintheUnitedStateswastoattractmanufacturingindustries.Unfortunately,thisstrategywasusuallyimplementedatanothercommunity’sexpense:manymanufacturingfacilitieswereluredawayfromtheirmooringselsewherethroughtaxincentivesandslickpromotionalefforts.Throughthetransferofjobsandrelatedrevenuesthatresultedfromthispractice,onetown’striumphcouldbecomeanothertown’stragedy.

Inthe1980’sthestrategyshiftedfromthiszero-sumgametoonecalled“high-technologydevelopment,”inwhichlocalgovernmentscompetedtoattractnewlyformedhigh-technologymanufacturingfirms.Althoughthisapproachwaspreferabletovictimizingothergeographicalareasbytakingtheirjobs,italsohaditsshortcomings:high-techmanufacturingfirmsemployonlyaspeciallytrainedfractionofthemanufacturingworkforce,andtheresimplyarenotenoughhigh-techfirmstosatisfyallgeographicareas.

Recently,localgovernmentshaveincreasinglycometorecognizetheadvantagesofyetathirdstrategy:thepromotionofhomegrownsmallbusinesses.Smallindigenousbusinessesarecreatedbyanearlyubiquitousresource,localentrepreneurs,withrootsintheircommunities,theseindividualsarelesslikelytobeenticedawaybyincentivesofferedbyanothercommunity.Indigenousindustryandtalentarekeptathome,creatinganenvironmentthatbothprovidesjobsandfostersfurtherentrepreneurship.

1.ThepassagesuggestswhichofthefollowingaboutthemajorityofUnitedStatesmanufacturingindustriesbeforethehigh-technologydevelopmenteraofthe1980’s?

2.Thetoneofthepassagesuggeststhattheauthorismostoptimisticabouttheeconomicdevelopmentpotentialofwhichofthefollowinggroups?

3.Theauthorofthepassagementionswhichofthefollowingasanadvantageofhigh-technologydevelopment?

4.Theprimarypurposeofthepassageisto（

）.

問題1選項

A.Theylostmanyoftheirmostinnovativepersonneltosmallentrepreneurialenterprises.

B.Theyexperiencedamajordeclineinprofitsduringthe1690’sand1970’s.

C.Theycouldproviderealeconomicbenefitstotheareasinwhichtheywerelocated.

D.Theyemployedworkerswhohadnospecializedskills.

問題2選項

A.Localgovernments

B.High-technologypromoters

C.Localentrepreneurs

D.Manufacturing-industrymanagers

問題3選項

A.Itencouragesthemodernizationofexistingmanufacturingfacilities.

B.Itdoesnotadvantageonelocalworkforceattheexpenseofanother.

C.Itencouragesthegrowthofrelatedindustries.

D.Ittakesfulladvantageoftheexistingworkforce.

問題4選項

A.Advocatemoreeffectivestrategiesforencouragingthedevelopmentofhigh—technologyenterprisesintheUnitedStates.

B.Contrasttheincentivesforeconomicdevelopmentofferedbylocalgovernmentswiththoseofferedbytheprivatesector.

C.Acknowledgeandcounteradversecriticismofprogramsbeingusedtostimulatelocaleconomicdevelopment.

D.Reviewandevaluatestrategiesandprogramsthathavebeenusedtostimulateeconomicdevelopment.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:D

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。定位到第一段中“thisstrategywasusuallyimplementedatanothercommunity’sexpense這種策略通常是實現(xiàn)另一個社區(qū)的代價,”以及“throughthetransferofjobsandrelatedrevenuesthatresultedfromthispractice,onetown’striumphcouldbecomeanothertown’stragedy通過這種做法帶來的就業(yè)和相關收入的轉移，一個城鎮(zhèn)的勝利可能成為另一個城鎮(zhèn)的悲劇”，可知，在八十年代以前，經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展都是本地化的，只能為自己所在的社區(qū)帶來經(jīng)濟利益。C項“它們可以為它們所處的地區(qū)提供真正的經(jīng)濟利益。”正確。

2.細節(jié)事實題。定位到第二段“high-techmanufacturingfirmsemployonlyaspeciallytrainedfractionofthemanufacturingworkforce高科技制造企業(yè)只雇傭了一小部分受過專門訓練的制造勞動力”，以及第三段“indigenousindustryandtalentarekeptathome,creatinganenvironmentthatbothprovidesjobsandfostersfurtherentrepreneurship本土產(chǎn)業(yè)和人才被留在國內(nèi)，創(chuàng)造了一個既提供就業(yè)又促進進一步創(chuàng)業(yè)的環(huán)境”?？芍髡呤菍Ρ就恋钠髽I(yè)持有比較樂觀的態(tài)度。

3.細節(jié)事實題。定位到第二段“thisapproachwaspreferabletovictimizingothergeographicalareasbytakingtheirjobs這種辦法比奪走其他地理地區(qū)的工作而使其受害要好”可知與B項“它不會犧牲一個當?shù)貏趧恿Φ睦娑沽硪粋€勞動力受益?！毕喾?/p>

4.主旨大意題。文章主要目的在于通過講解三種不同的經(jīng)濟發(fā)展策略，告訴讀者哪種發(fā)展策略優(yōu)勢比較明顯，同時三種發(fā)展策略對經(jīng)濟有哪些好的促進作用。故D項“審查和評估用于刺激經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的戰(zhàn)略和方案?！狈项}意。

7.寫作題

Directions:FromJune1,2008,Chinawillbanshopsfromofferingfreeplasticbagandhascalledonconsumerstousebasketsandclothsacksinsteadtoreduceenvironmentalpollution.Whatdoyouthinkaboutthispolicy?Pleasewriteacompositionofapproximately200wordsonthefollowingtopic:

ShouldWeBanFreePlasticBagsFromShops?

Inthefirstpart,youshouldstaleclearlyyourviewpointonthisissue.Inthesecondpart,youshouldsupportyourviewpointwilhappropriatedetails.InIhelastpart,youshouldbringwhatyouhavewrittenIoanaturalconclusion.

Markswillbeawardedforcontent,organization,grammarandappropriateness.Failuretofollowtheseinstructionsmayresultinthelossofmarks.

WriteyourcompositionontheANSWERSHEET.

【答案】略

8.單選題

Fromthismaterialwecan（）hundredsofwhatyoumaycalldirectproducts.

問題1選項

A.derive

B.discern

C.diminish

D.displace

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項derive“源自，獲得”；B選項discern“覺察出，識別”；C選項diminish“減少，縮小”；D選項displace“取代”。根據(jù)句意：我們能夠從這個材料中數(shù)百個你稱之為直接產(chǎn)品的東西。根據(jù)介詞短語fromthismaterial可知，這里應該是表示來源并且能夠與介詞from搭配，所以只有選項A符合要求。

9.單選題

“Undernocircumstances（）theSenate'sraisingthedebtceilingwithjust50votes.”Thesenatorsaid,insistingmeaningfulspendingreformsbeforeraisingthedebtceiling.

問題1選項

A.willIagreeto

B.Iwillagreeto

C.agreetoIwill

D.Iwillagreeto

【答案】A

【解析】考查倒裝句的用法。分析句子結構可知，題目中包含倒裝結構，Undernocircumstances置于句首，句子出現(xiàn)部分倒裝，這時will應提前到主語之前。因此本題正確答案為A選項。

10.翻譯題

1.科學家認為，出生在夏天將賦予你開朗的性情，而出生在冬天則可能給你的快樂蒙上永久的陰影。實驗表明，出生的季節(jié)會極大地影響人體生物鐘運轉的速度。冬天出生的人體內(nèi)的生物鐘運轉得太慢，從而可能對健康和性格產(chǎn)生影響。這一離奇有趣的理論來自一項對老鼠的研究，該研究把剛出生的老鼠暴露在不等量的光線下長達數(shù)月。

2.有些老鼠被放置在夏天的光照條件下，每天有16小時的“白天”和8個小時的“黑夜”。其他老鼠則只有8個小時的“白天”，和冬天晝短夜長的光照條件類似。在這些老鼠斷奶后，它們被放置在相同的光照周期中長達數(shù)周，或轉換到相反的光照環(huán)境。最后，科學家把它們都放置到黑暗中，觀察它們的反應。

3.根據(jù)《自然神經(jīng)科學》雜志的報道，那些在夏天的光照條件下成長起來的老鼠像往常一樣作息，而那些在缺少光線的環(huán)境中成長起來的老鼠在應對這一變化時卻顯得吃力。研究者道格拉斯?麥克馬洪教授說：“在冬天的光照周期中成長起來的老鼠對于季節(jié)的變化表現(xiàn)出夸大的反應，這和得了季節(jié)性情感抑郁癥的人類病患的反應極其相似?！?/p>

【答案】1.Beingborninthesummercouldgiveyouasunnydispositionforlife.Andawinterbirthdaymightcastapermanentshadowoveryourhappiness,scientistsbelieve.

2.Someratsweregivensummerconditionsof16hoursoflightandeighthoursofdarknessperday.Othershadonlyeighthoursofdailylight,tomimictheshortdaysofwinter.

3.Thoserearedinsummerconditionskepttoadailyroutine,butthosebroughtupinlittlelightstruggledtocopewiththechange,thejournalNatureNeurosciencereports.

11.單選題

Thatthedriver（

）inordertoavoidanaccidentcouldbeprovenbyexaminingthemarksonthepavement.

問題1選項

A.swerved

B.accelerated

C.dissolved

D.withdrew

【答案】A

【解析】句意:那個司機突然轉向是為了避免意外發(fā)生，這可以通過檢查路面印記予以證實。

動詞辨析。Swerve突然轉向;accelerate加速，促進;dissolve溶解，解散;withdraw撤退，離開。故A符合句意。

12.單選題

Theeffort____skepticismfrompsychologistswhofinditfrivolous.

問題1選項

A.protests

B.proposes

C.probates

D.provokes

【答案】D

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.protests抗議B.proposes建議

C.probates核實遺囑D.provokes引起

【答案】D

【考查點】動賓搭配

【解題思路】空格處所填動詞搭配的賓語為“心理學家的懷疑”，只有D選項provokes“引起”可以與之搭配。

【干擾項排除】A、B、C選項與賓語“心理學家的懷疑”搭配不當。

【句意】這種努力引起了心理學家的懷疑，他們認為這種努力毫無意義。

13.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingpartintoChinese.

MyfellowAmerican,asknotwhatyourcountrycandoforyou——askwhatyoucandoforyourcountry.MyfellowcitizensoftheworldasknotwhatAmericanwilldoforyou.butwhattogetherwecandoforthefreedomofman.Finally,whetheryouarecitizensAmericanorcitizensoftheworldaskofusherethesamehighstandardsofstrengthandsacrificewhichweaskofyou.Withagoodconscienceouronlysurereward,withhistorythefinaljudgeofourdeeds,letusgoforthtoleadthelandwelove.

【答案】美國同胞們，不要問國家能為你們做些什么、而要問你們能為國家做些什么。全世界的公民們，不要問美國將為你們做些什么，而要問我們共同能為人類的自由做些什么。最后，不論你們是美國公民還是其他國家公民，你們應要求我們獻出我們同樣要求于你們的高度力量和犧牲。問心無愧是我們唯一可靠的獎賞，歷史是我們行動的最終裁判，讓我們走向前去，引導我們所熱愛的國家。

14.單選題

“Letmesendyouourbrochure”isprobablythemostcommonlyusedphraseinbusiness.Butalltoooften,itcanspelltheendofacustomerenquirybecausemanybrochuresappeartobeproducednottoclarifyandtoexcitebuttoconfuse.Sowhatgoeswrongandhowcanitbeputright?Toooften,businessesfailtoaskthemselvescriticalquestionslike,“Whowillthebrochurebesentto?”“Whatdowewanttoachievewithit?”Thetruthisthatabrochurehasusuallybeenproducedfornootherreasonthanthatthecompetitionhasone.

However,withalittleresearch,itoftentranspiresthatwhattheclientwantsisamixture:partmailshot,partglossycorporatebrochureandpartproductcatalogue—acombinationrarelyfound.Havingsaidthat,thebudgetislikelytobefinite.Theremaynotbeenoughmoneytomeetallthreemarketingneeds,sothefirsttaskistoplanthebrochure,takingintoaccountthemostsignificantofthese.Theotherrequirementswillhavetobemetinadifferentway.Afterall,introducingthecompany’sproductrangetonewcustomersbymailisadifferenttaskfromsellinganewseason’scollectiontoexistingcustomers.

Thesecondtaskistogetthecontentright.In95percentofcases,acompanywillhireadesignertooverseethelayout,sothefinalproductlooksstylish,interestingandprofessional;buttheydon’tgetacopywriterorsomeonewiththerightexpertisetoproducethetext,oratleasttidyitup—andthisshows.Abiggerfailingistoproduceabrochurethatisnotcustomerfocused.Yourbrochureshouldcoverareasofinteresttothecustomer,concentratingonthebenefitsofbuyingfromyou.

Instead,thousandsofbrochuresstartwithahistorylesson,“Foundedin1987,wehavebeensellingourproducts...”Icanassureyouthatcustomersarenevergoingtosaytothemselves,“They’vebeenaroundfor20years—I’llbuyfromthem.”It’snothowlongyou’vebeeninbusinessthatcounts,it’swhatyou’vedoneinthattime.Theimportantpointtogetacrossatthebeginningisthatyouhaveagoodtrackrecord.Oncethishasbeenestablished,therestofthebrochureshouldaimtoconvincecustomersthatyourproductsarethebestonthemarket.

Itishelpfulwithcontenttogetinsidethecustomer’shead.Ifyouraudienceisyoungandtrendy,becreativeandcolourful.Asalways,createalistofthebenefitsthatpotentialcustomerswouldgainfromdoingbusinesswithyou,forexample,productquality,breadthofrange,expertiseofstaffandsoon.Butrememberthatitisnotenoughjusttostatethese:inordertopersuade,theyneedtobespeltout.Onepossibilityistoquoterecommendationsfromexistingcustomers.Thisalsomakesthebrochurepersonaltoyou,ratherthanitsimplybeingasetofsuppliers’photographswithyournameonthefront.Atthedesignstage,therearemanyproductionfeaturesthatcandistinguishyourbrochurefromtherunofthemill.Youmaythinkthatthingslikecutoutsorpop-upswilldothisforyouandthusmakeyoustandout,oryoumaythinktheyjustlooklikedesignerwhimsthataddcost.Gothroughalltheoptionsindetail.Oneofthemmightbethatall-importantmagicalingredient.

11.Whatpointdoesthewritermakeaboutbrochuresinthefirstparagraph?

12.Thewriter’sadvicetocompaniesinthesecondparagraphisto（）.

13.Inthethirdparagraph,whichofthefollowingdoesthewritersaywouldimprovethemajorityofbrochures?

14.Intheintroductiontoabrochure,thewriteradvisescompaniestofocuson（）.

15.Whendiscussingbrochurecontentinthefifthparagraph,thewriterremindscompaniesto（）.

問題1選項

A.Customerexpectationsofthemaretoohigh.

B.Theyoughttobemorestraightforwardindesign

C.Insufficientthoughttendstogointoproducingthem.

D.Companiesshouldensuretheyusethemmorewidely.

問題2選項

A.produceabrochuretoadvertisenewproductlines

B.useabrochuretoextendthecustomerbase

C.acceptthatabrochurecannotfulfileveryobjective

D.aimtogetabiggerbudgetallocationforproducingbrochures

問題3選項

A.betterlanguageandexpression.

B.betteroverallappearance.

C.moreup-to-datecontent.

D.moreproductinformation.

問題4選項

A.theirunderstandingofthebusinessenvironment

B.therangeofproductstheyoffer

C.theiruniquemarketposition

D.thereputationtheyhavebuiltup

問題5選項

A.consideroldcustomersaswellasnewones

B.providesupportfortheclaimstheymake

C.avoidusingtheirownphotographs

D.includedetailsofqualitycertification

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】11.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干信息定位到第一段后半部分Toooften,businessesfailtoaskthemselvescriticalquestions...（企業(yè)往往沒有問自己一些關鍵性的問題……）從這段話可以看出，作者認為企業(yè)在設計廣告手冊時的考慮是不周全的，沒有進行深入思考。因此C選項“設計他們時考慮得并不充分”正確。A選項“顧客對他們的期望太高了”不對，沒有提到客戶的期望，只是說廣告手冊可能會把客戶弄糊涂。B選項“它們在設計上應該更加直接”也不對，第一段并沒有提到設計的問題。D選項“公司應該確保他們更廣泛地使用它們”在原文中也沒有提到。

12.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干關鍵詞可以定位到第二段Theremaynotbeenoughmoneytomeetallthreemarketingneeds,sothefirsttaskistoplanthebrochure,takingintoaccountthemostsignificantofthese.（可能沒有足夠的資金來滿足所有這三個營銷需求，所以第一項任務是規(guī)劃宣傳冊，考慮到最重要的這些。）也就是說他們不可能滿足所有的市場需要，所以優(yōu)先考慮最關鍵的部分，其他的需要用另外的方式來滿足。因此C選項“接受一個廣告手冊不可能滿足所有目標的事實”正確。A選項“制作宣傳冊宣傳新產(chǎn)品系列”；B選項“使用宣傳冊來擴大客戶基礎”以及D選項“爭取獲得更大的預算撥款用于制作小冊子”都不是原文的觀點。

13.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干信息定位到第三段In95percentofcases,acompanywillhireadesignertooverseethelayout,sothefinalproductlooksstylish,interestingandprofessional;buttheydon’tgetacopywriterorsomeonewiththerightexpertisetoproducethetext（在95%的情況下，公司會聘請一名設計師來監(jiān)督布局，使最終產(chǎn)品看起來時尚、有趣和專業(yè)），也就是說作者認為他們只注重設計而不注重表述內(nèi)容，應該找一個有相關技能的廣告文字撰稿人來制作文字，因此A選項“更好的語言和表達”是最符合的。B選項“更好的整體外觀”，作者說了外觀是精心設計的，因此很時尚；C選項“更多最新的內(nèi)容”，是否是最新內(nèi)容文章并未提及；D選項“更多的產(chǎn)品信息”是過度推斷。

14.根據(jù)題干關鍵詞定位到第四段The