書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區的她考研考博-英語-和田師范專科學校考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.單選題

Manytouristswere（）bythecity'scomplicatedtrafficsystem.

問題1選項

A.degraded

B.bewildered

C.evoked

D.diverted

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。選項均為對應動詞的過去分詞形式。A選項degrade“貶低；使丟臉；使降級”；B選項bewilder“使迷惑，使不知所措”；C選項evoke“引起，喚起；博得”；D選項divert“轉移；使歡娛；使轉向”。句意：這個城市的復雜交通系統讓很多游客感到迷惑。由題干關鍵詞“復雜的交通系統”可知B項正確。

2.單選題

OurfootballteamisnowcontendingwithonefromtheUniversityofBritishColumbia.

問題1選項

A.meeting

B.contesting

C.conceding

D.contemplating

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我們的足球隊正在和英國哥倫比亞大學的球隊……。meet“滿足，遇見”；contest“比賽，競賽”；concede“承認，讓步”；contemplate“考慮，沉思”。根據“ourfootballteam”可知是在進行比賽，contend的意思是“競爭；斗爭”。因此，選項B符合題意。

3.翻譯題

Whichwouldyouchoose:anonlinecoursedeliveredbyoneoftheworld’smostknowledgeableinstructors,supportedbyawardwinningdocumentaryfilmmakersandateamofgraduateteachingassistants,orthesamecoursetaughtinpersonbyanaverageinstructor?Differentstudentswouldofcoursechoosedifferently.Butthereisamplereasontobelievethatexperiencewiththefirstoptionwouldeventuallyleadasubstantialproportionofstudentstopreferit,eveniftheywerechargedthesameamountforeitherapproach.Butbecauseofeconomiesofscale,theremoteoptionwouldenjoyasubstantialcostadvantage.AsPhilipCookwroteinhis1995book,“TheWinner-Take-AllSociety,”thesearepreciselytheconditionsthatgiverisetowinner-take-allmarkets.Astechnologyhasexpandedthereachofthemostableperformers,theyhavebeencapturingeverlargersharesofworldwidemarketsacrossahostofdomains.

【答案】你會選擇哪一種課程：是由世界上最有知識的導師之一講授，由獲獎紀錄片制片人和研究生助教團隊支持的在線課程，還是由一名普通教師親自教授的課程？不同的學生當然會做出不同的選擇。但我們有充足的理由相信，第一種選擇的經驗最終會讓相當一部分學生更喜歡它，即使這兩種方式收取的費用相同。但由于規模經濟，遠程選項將享有巨大的成本優勢。正如菲利普?庫克在他1995年的著作《贏者通吃的社會》中所寫的那樣，正是這些條件催生了贏者通吃的市場。隨著科技擴大了最有能力的執行者的范圍，他們在許多領域的全球市場中占據了越來越大的份額。

4.單選題

AlthoughIspoketohimmanytimes,henevertookany（

）ofwhatIsaid.

問題1選項

A.notice

B.remark

C.observation

D.attention

【答案】A

【解析】takenoticeof為固定短語，意為：注意到，留意。句意：雖然我跟他說過很多次，但他從來沒有注意到我說的話。選項A符合句意。

5.單選題

Whytheinductiveandmathematicalsciences,aftertheirfirstrapiddevelopmentattheculminationofGreekcivilization,advancedsoslowlyfortwothousandyearsandwhyinthefollowingtwohundredyearsaknowledgeofnaturalandmathematicalsciencehasaccumulated,whichsovastlyexceedsallthatwaspreviouslyknownthatthesesciencesmaybejustlyregardedastheproductsofourowntimes—arequestionwhichhaveinterestedthemodemphilosophernotlessthantheobjectswithwhichthesesciencesaremoreimmediatelyconversant.Wasittheemploymentofanewmethodofresearch,orintheexerciseofgreatervirtueintheuseoftheoldmethods,thatthissingularmodemphenomenonhaditsorigin?Wasthelongperiodoneofarresteddevelopment,andisthemodemeraoneofnormalgrowth?Orshouldweascribethecharacteristicsofbothperiodstoso-calledhistoricalaccidents—totheinfluenceofconjunctionsincircumstancesofwhichnoexplanationispossible,saveintheomnipotenceandwisdomofaguidingProvidence?

Theexplanationwhichhasbecomecommonplace,thattheancientsemployeddeductionchieflyintheirscientificinquiries,whilethemodemsemployinduction,provestobetoonarrow,andfailsuponcloseexaminationtopointwithsufficientdistinctnessthecontrastthatisevidentbetweenancientandmodemscientificdoctrinesandinquiries.Forallknowledgeisfoundedonobservation,andproceedsfromthisbyanalysis,bysynthesisandanalysis,byinductionanddeduction,andifpossiblebyverification,orbynewappealstoobservationundertheguidanceofdeduction—bystepswhichareindeedcorrelativepartsofonemethod;andtheancientsciencesaffordexamplesofeveryoneofthesemethods,orpartsofonemethod,whichhavebeengeneralizedfromtheexamplesofscience.

Afailuretoemployortoemployadequatelyanyoneofthesepartialmethods,animperfectionintheartsandresourcesofobservationandexperiment,carelessnessinobservation,neglectofrelevantfacts,byappealtoexperimentandobservationthesearethefaultswhichcauseallfailurestoascertaintruth,whetheramongtheancientsorthemodems;butthisstatementdoesnotexplainwhythemodemispossessedofagreatervirtue,andbywhatmeansheattainedhissuperiority.Muchlessdoesexplainthesuddengrowthofscienceinrecenttimes.

Theattempttodiscovertheexplanationofthisphenomenonintheantithesisof“facts”and“theories”or“facts”and“ideas”—intheneglectamongtheancientsoftheformer,andtheirtooexclusiveattentiontothelatter—provesalsotobetoonarrow,aswellasopentothechargeofvagueness.Forinthefirstplace,theantithesisisnotcomplete.Factsandtheoriesarenotcoordinatespecies.Theories,iftrue,arefacts—aparticular,classoffactsindeed,generallycomplex,andifalogicalconnectionsubsistsbetweentheirconstituents,haveallthepositiveattributesoftheories.

Nevertheless,thisdistinction,howeverinadequateitmaybetoexplainthesourceoftruemethodinscience,iswellfounded,andconnotesanimportantcharacterintruemethod.Afactisapropositionofsimple.Atheory,ontheotherhand,iftruehasallthecharacteristicsofafact,exceptthatitsverificationispossibleonlybyindirect,remote,ariddifficultmeans.Toconverttheoriesintofactsistoaddsimpleverification,andthetheorythusacquiresthefullcharacteristicsofafact.

1.Thetitlethatbestexpressestheideasofthispassageis（

）.

2.Accordingtotheauthor,onepossiblereasonforthegrowthofscienceduringthedaysoftheancientGreeksandinmodemtimesis

（

）.

3.Thedifferencebetween“fact”andtheory”

（

）.

4.Accordingtotheauthor,mathematicsis（

）.

問題1選項

A.Philosophyofmathematics

B.TheRecentGrowthinScience

C.TheVerificationofFacts

D.MethodsofScientificInquiry

問題2選項

A.thesimilaritybetweenthetwoperiods

B.thatitwasanactofGod

C.thatbothtriedtodeveloptheinductivemethod

D.duetothedeclineofthedeductivemethod

問題3選項

A.isthatthelatterneedsconfirmation

B.restsonthesimplicityoftheformer

C.isthedifferencebetweenthemodemscientistsandtheancientGreeks

D.helpsustounderstandthedeductivemethod

問題4選項

A.aninductivescience

B.nneedofsimpleverification

C.adeductivescience

D.basedonfactandtheory.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:C

【解析】1.主旨大意題。文章主要是在對為什么從希臘文化頂峰時期后兩千年來歸納法和數學科學發展如此緩慢，而后的兩百年又超越了前人這一問題進行科學探究，所以D選項“科學探究的方法”適合做文章標題。

2.推理判斷題。根據文章第一段最后一句“Orshouldweascribethecharacteristicsofbothperiodstoso-calledhistoricalaccidents—totheinfluenceofconjunctionsincircumstancesofwhichnoexplanationispossible,saveintheomnipotenceandwisdomofaguidingProvidence?’’或去我們是否點當把兩個階段的特點歸因于所謂的歷史的偶然性歸因于客觀環境結合的影響。這一點除非以指導一切的上帝的智慧和無限權利來解釋，否則難以說清楚。”確定B選項‘這是上帝的行為’正確。

3.細節事實題。根據文章最后三句“Afactisapropositionofsimple.Atheory,ontheotherhand,iftruehasallthecharacteristicsofafact,exceptthatitsverificationispossibleonlybyindirect,remote,ariddifficultmeans.Toconverttheoriesintofactsistoaddsimpleverification,andthetheorythusacquiresthefullcharacteristicsofafact.”“事實是一個提議。而理論，若是真理論，就有事實的一切特性（除非其證實只能通過非直接的，遙遠的和困難的方式實現），把理論轉成事實必須用簡單的證實，理論因此具有事實的一切特性。”確定A選項“后者需要證實”是事實和理論之間的區別。

4.推理判斷題。根據文章第一句話“Whytheinductiveandmathematicalsciences...”可以推斷出數學不是inductivescience，排除A選項；根據上一題可知需要簡單證實的是理論，排除B選項；D選項“數學基于理論和事實”這一觀點沒有在文章中體現，排除；所以通過排除法得出C選項正確。

6.單選題

Internationalsportshouldcreategoodwillbetweenthenations,butinthepresentorganizationoftheOlympicssomehowencourages（）patriotism.

問題1選項

A.obsolete

B.aggressive

C.harmonious

D.amiable

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。obsolete“陳舊的，過時的”；aggressive“侵略性的；好斗的；激進的”；harmonious“和諧的”；amiable“親切的；友好的”，此處應該選擇一個形容詞來修飾“愛國主義”，這種愛國主義與國際體育中倡導的國家之間的友誼是相對的，故此處最恰當的形容詞是aggressive。句意：國際體育應該增進兩國之間的友誼，但是目前的奧林匹克組織在某種程度上倡導……愛國主義。故正確答案為選項B。

7.單選題

Imadeapledgetomyselfonthewaydowntothevacationbeachcottage.FortwoweeksIwouldtrytobealovinghusbandandfather.Totallyloving.Noifs,andsorbuts.

TheideahadcometomeasIlistenedtoatalkonmycarradio.ThespeakerwasquotingaBiblical(圣經的)passageabouthusbandsbeingthoughtfuloftheirwives.Thenhewentontosay,“Loveisanactofwill.Apersoncanchoosetolove.”Tomyself,IhadtoadmitthatIhadbeenaselfishhusband.Well,fortwoweeksthatwouldchange.

Anditdid.RightfromthemomentIkissedEvelynatthedoorandsaid,“Thatnewyellowsweaterlooksgreatonyou.”

“Oh,Tom,younoticed,”shesaid,surprisedandpleased.Maybealittlepuzzled.

Afterthelongdrive,Iwantedtositandread.Evelynsuggestedawalkonthebeach.Istartedtorefuse,butthenIthought,“Evelyn’sbeenaloneherewiththekidsallweekandnowshewantstobealonewithme.”Wewalkedonthebeachwhilethechildrenflewtheirkites.

Soitwent.TwoweeksofnotcallingtheWallStreetfirmwhereIamadirector;avisittotheshellmuseumthoughIusuallyhatemuseums.Relaxedandhappy,that’showthewholevacationpassed.Imadeanewpledgetokeeponrememberingtochooselove.

Therewasonethingthatwentwrongwithmyexperiment,however.EvelynandIstilllaughaboutittoday.Onthelastnightatourcottage,preparingforbed,Evelynstaredatmewiththesaddestexpression.

“What’sthematter?”Iaskedher.

“Tom,”shesaidinavoicefilledwithdistress,“doyouknowsomethingIdon’t?”

“Whatdoyoumean?”

“Well…thatcheckup(體檢)Ihadseveralweeksago…ourdoctor…didhetellyousomethingaboutme?Tom,you’vebeensogoodtome…amIdying?”

Ittookamomentforitalltosinkin.thenIburstoutlaughing.

“No,honey,”Isaid,wrappingherinmyarms.“You’renotdying;I’mjuststartingtolive.”

1.Inthefirstparagraph,“Noifs,andsorbuts”probablymeans“______”.

2.FromthestorywemayinferthatTomdrovetothebeachcottage______.

3.Duringthetwoweeksonthebeach,Tomshowedmorelovetohiswifebecause______.

4.Theauthorsays,“Therewasonethingthatwentwrongwithmyexperiment.”Whatwastheonethingthatwentwrong?

5.Bysaying“I’mjuststartingtolive,”Tommeansthat______.

問題1選項

A.unintentionally

B.inevitably

C.impressively

D.unconditionally

問題2選項

A.withhisfamily

B.withEvelyn

C.alone

D.withhischildren

問題3選項

A.shelookedlovelyinhernewclothes

B.hehadmadealotofmoneyinhisWallStreetfirm

C.hewasdeterminedtobeagoodhusband

D.shewasseriouslyill

問題4選項

A.Hepraisedhersweater,whichpuzzledher.

B.Sheinsistedonvisitingamuseum,whichhehated.

C.Heknewsomethingaboutherillnessbutdidn’ttellher.

D.Hewassogoodtoherthatshethoughtshemustbedying.

問題5選項

A.heisjustbeginningtounderstandtherealmeaningoflife

B.heisjustbeginningtoenjoylifeasalovinghusband

C.helivedanunhappylifebeforeandisnowstartingtochange

D.heisbeginningtofeelregretforwhathedidtohiswifebefore

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】1.語義推測題。由題干可以定位到文章第一段最后兩句Totallyloving.Noifs,andsorbuts.（完全的愛。沒有“如果”，“和”跟“但是”。），“if”，“and”，“but”都是表示條件的連詞，說明是指無條件的愛。因此D選項“無條件地”正確。A選項“無意地”，B選項“不可避免地”，C選項“令人印象深刻地”均不符合題意，所以A,B,C錯誤。

2.推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章第五段前三句Afterthelongdrive,Iwantedtositandread.Evelynsuggestedawalkonthebeach.Istartedtorefuse,butthenIthought,“Evelyn’sbeenaloneherewiththekidsallweekandnowshewantstobealonewithme.”（經過漫長的車程，我想坐下來閱讀。艾芙琳建議去海灘上走走。我開始拒絕，但后來我想，“艾芙琳整個星期都在這里和孩子們獨處，現在她想和我獨處。”），說明湯姆的妻子和孩子早在他之前已經先到了海邊，他是之后自己開車過來的。因此C選項“獨自一人”正確。A選項“和他的家人一起”，B選項“和艾芙琳一起”，D選項“和他的孩子們一起”均不符合原文，所以A,B,D錯誤。

3.客觀細節題。由題干可以定位到文章第一段第一、二句Imadeapledgetomyselfonthewaydowntothevacationbeachcottage.FortwoweeksIwouldtrytobealovinghusbandandfather.（在去度假海灘別墅的路上，我對自己做了一個承諾。在兩個星期里，我將努力成為一個有愛心的丈夫和父親。），說明湯姆向自己保證在度假的兩周里要做一個好丈夫、好父親，所以他對妻子非常體貼。因此C選項“他決心要做一個好丈夫”正確。A選項“她穿著新衣服看起來很可愛”，B選項“他在華爾街的公司賺了很多錢”，D選項“她身患重病”均不符合原文，所以A,B,D錯誤。

4.客觀細節題。由題干可以定位到文章第十一段Well…thatcheckupIhadseveralweeksago…ourdoctor…didhetellyousomethingaboutme?Tom,you’vebeensogoodtome…amIdying?（嗯……幾周前我做的那個體檢……我們的醫生……他有沒有告訴你一些關于我的事情？湯姆，你一直對我很好……我是不是快死了？），說明聯系到上次在醫院的體檢，妻子不由得懷疑是不是自己快要死了丈夫才突然變得如此體貼。因此D選項“他對她很好，以至于她認為她一定是要死了”正確。A選項“他稱贊妻子的毛衣，讓妻子很困惑”，由原文可知，妻子困惑之余更多的是欣喜，所以A錯誤。B選項“妻子堅持去他不喜歡去的博物館”，由原文可知，他愿意陪妻子去博物館，所以B錯誤。C選項“他沒告訴妻子她得了重病”，由原文可知，他的妻子并未得重病，所以C錯誤。

5.推理判斷題。由全文可知，湯姆認為自己從前是個自私的丈夫，現在的改變就是要做一個充滿愛心的好丈夫，所以他說剛剛開始新生活。因此B選項“他剛剛開始享受作為一個有愛心的丈夫的生活”正確。A選項“他剛剛開始理解生活的真正意義”表述過于籠統，所以A錯誤。C選項“他以前過著不幸福的生活，現在開始改變”，原文中沒有說他以前過得不幸福，所以C錯誤。D選項“他開始為以前對妻子的所作所為感到遺憾”，由原文可知，重新開始生活并不只是遺憾，而是改變，所以D錯誤。

8.單選題

WhenIwasstillanarchitecturestudent,ateachertoldme,"Welearnmorefrombuildingsthatfalldownthanfrombuildingsthatstandup."Whathemeantwasthatconstructionisasmuchtheresultofexperienceasoftheory.Althoughstructuraldesignfollowsestablishedformulas,theactualperformanceofabuildingiscomplicatedbythepassageoftime,thebehaviorofusers,thenaturalelementsandunnaturalevents.Allaredifficulttosimulate.Buildings,unlikecars,can'tbecrash-tested.

ThefirstimportantlessonoftheWorldTradeCentercollapseisthattallbuildingscanwithstandtheimpactofalargejetliner.Thetwintowersweresupportedby59perimetercolumnsoneachside.Althoughabout30ofthesecolumns,extendingfromfourtosixfloors,weredestroyedineachbuildingbytheimpact,initiallybothtowersremainedstanding.Evenso,thedeathtollwasappalling2,235peoplelosttheirlives.

Iwasonceaskedhowtallbuildingsshouldbedesignedgivenwhatwe'dlearnedfromtheworldTradeCentercollapse.Myanswerwas,"Lower,"Thequestionofwhenatallbuildingbecomesunsafeiseasytoanswer.Commonaerialfire-fightingladdersinusetodayare100feethighandcanreachtoaboutthe10thfloor,sofiresinbuildingsupto10storieshighcanbefoughtfromtheexterior.Fightingfiresandevacuatingoccupantsabovethatheightdependonfirestairs.

Thetallerthebuilding,thelongeritwilltakeforfirefighterstoclimbtothesceneofthefire.Sothesimpleanswertothesafetyquestionis"Lowerthan10stories."

Thenwhydon'tcitiesimposelowerheightlimits?A60-storyofficebuildingdoesnothavesixtimesasmuchrentablespaceasa10-storybuilding.However,allthingsbeingequal,suchabuildingwillproducefourtimesmorerevenueandfourtimesmoreinpropertytaxes.Socuttingbuildingheightswouldmeancuttingcitybudgets.

ThemostimportantlessonoftheWorldTradeCentercollapseisnotthatweshouldstopbuildingtallbuildingsbutthatwehavemisjudgedtheircost.Wedidthesamethingwhenweunderestimatedthecostofhurtlingalongahighwayinasteelboxat70milesperhour.Ittookmanyyearsbeforeseatbelts,airbags,radialtires,andantilockbrakesbecamecommonplace.Atfirst,carssimplyweretooslowtowarrantconcern.Later,manufacturersresistedtheseexpensivedevices,arguingthatconsumerswouldnotpayforsafety.Nowwedowillingly.

1.Thefirstparagraphtellsusthat（）.

2.WhatcanwelearnfromtheWTCcollapse?

3.Ideally,thepolicyincityconstructionshouldbe（）.

4.Whyaretherestillhighbuildings,orevenskyscrapersinmanycities?

5.WhatisthemostimportantlessonoftheWTCcollapse?

問題1選項

A.architectureissomethingmoreoutofexperiencethanoutoftheory

B.architecturedependsjustasmuchonexperienceasontheory

C.itissaferforpeopletoliveinoldbuildings

D.welearnnotsomuchfromourfailureasfromoursuccess

問題2選項

A.Despitethetwostrongbuildings,thedeathtollwasstillveryshocking.

B.Thestructureofthetwobuildingswasofthefirstclass.

C.Thestructureofthetwobuildingswasnotsostrongaspeoplehadexpected

D.Thestructureofthetwobuildingswasstrongenoughtowithstandanyaccidents.

問題3選項

A.lowerthantenstories

B.thelower,thebetter

C.thehigher,thebetter

D.higherthantenstories

問題4選項

A.Becausetheyarethesymbolofmoderntimes.

B.Becausemanycitiesnowlackbuildingspace.

C.Becausetheyareanimportantfinancialsourceofacity'sbudget.

D.Becausetheyrepresentthelevelofacountry'sscienceandtechnology.

問題5選項

A.Weshouldwearseatbeltswhiledriving.

B.Weshouldbuildlowbuildingsjustasweshoulddriveslowly.

C.Weshouldmaketallbuildingsillegal.

D.Weshouldpayforsafetywhileconstructingtallbuildings.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】第1題:主旨大意題。第一段第二句指出:Whathemeantwasthatconstructionisasmuchtheresultofexperienceasoftheory(他的意思是建筑物既是經驗的結果，也是理論的結果)。由此可知B項“建筑不僅依賴于理論，也依賴于經驗”正確。

第2題:判斷推理題。根據題干關鍵詞WTCcollapse定位至第二段:Evenso,thedeathtollwasappalling2,235peoplelosttheirlives(即使（兩座建筑物沒有倒塌），付出的傷亡代價卻是驚人的——2235人失去了生命)。由此推斷A項“盡管兩座建筑物很牢固，但付出的傷亡代價卻是驚人的”正確。

第3題:事實細節題。第三段指出:Sothesimpleanswertothesafetyquestionis“Lowerthan10stories.”(所以安全問題的簡單答案是“低于10層樓”)。因此A選項“低于十層”正確。

第4題:事實細節題。第四段指出:Socuttingbuildingheightswouldmeancuttingcitybudgets(因此削減樓層高度等于削減城市預算)。因此在許多城市里還有高樓大廈，甚至摩天大樓是因為“它們是城市預算的重要財政來源”。答案為C。

第5題:判斷推理題。最后一段提到從世貿中心倒塌事件得到的一個重要經驗:Later,manufacturersresistedtheseexpensivedevices,arguingthatconsumerswouldnotpayforsafety.Nowwedo–willingly(之后，廠商拒絕使用這些昂貴的設施，認為消費者不會為安全買單。但是現在我們的確愿意了)。因此D項“在建造高層建筑時，我們應該為安全問題買單”正確。

9.單選題

Toforgivemaybedivine,butnooneeversaiditwaseasy.Whensomeonehasdeeplyhurtyou,itcanbeextremelydifficulttoletgoofyourgrudge.Butforgivenessispossible-—anditcansurprisinglybeneficialtoyourphysicalandmentalhealth.

“Peoplewhoforgiveshowlessdepression,angerandstressandmorehopefulness,”saysFrederic,Ph.D.,authorofForgiveforGood.“Soitcanhelpsaveonthewearandtearonourorgans,reducethewearingoutoftheimmunesystemandallowpeopletofeelmorevital.”

Sohowdoyoustartthehealing?Tryfollowingthesesteps:

Calmyourself.Todefuseyouranger,tryasimplestress-managementtechnique.“Takeacoupleofbreathsandthinkofsomethingthatgivesyoupleasure:abeautifulsceneinnature,someoneyoulove,”Fredericsays.

Don’twaitforanapology.“Manytimesthepersonwhohurtyouhasnointentionofapologizing,”Fredericsays.“Theymayhavewantedtohurtyouortheyjustdon’tseethingsthesameway.Soifyouwaitforpeopletoapologize,youcouldbewaitinganawfullylongtime.”Keepinmindthatforgivenessdoesnotnecessarilymeanreconciliationwiththepersonwhoupsetyouorcondoningofhisorheraction.

Takethecontrolawayfromyouroffender.Mentallyreplayingyourhurtgivespowertothepersonwhocausedyoupain.“Insteadoffocusingonyourwoundedfeelings,learntolookforthelove,beautyandkindnessaroundyou,”Fredericsays.

Trytoseethingsfromtheotherperson’sperspective.Ifyouempathizewiththatperson,youmayrealizethatheorshewasactingoutofignorance,fear,evenlove.Togainperspective,youmaywanttowritealettertoyourselffromyouroffender’spointofview.

Recognizethebenefitsofforgiveness.Researchhasshownthatpeoplewhoforgivereportmoreenergy,betterappetiteandbettersleeppatterns.

Don’tforgettoforgiveyourself.“Forsomepeople,forgivingthemselvesisthebiggestchallenge,”Fredericsays.“Butitcanrobyouofyourself-confidenceifyoudon’tdoit.”

1.Forgivenessis（）

2.Whatdoes“wearandtear”mean?

3.WhichisNotthetechniqueofhealing?

4.Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthepassage?

5.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

問題1選項

A.easytodo

B.noble

C.onlybeneficialtophysicalhealth

D.impossibletogetyourgrudgego

問題2選項

A.Damageresultingfromordinaryuse.

B.Energy.

C.Friction.

D.Moisture.

問題3選項

A.Inhaledeeply.

B.Mentallyreplayyourhurtoften.

C.Distractyourattention.

D.Thinkinanotherpointofview.

問題4選項

A.Thepersonwhohurtyouissuretomakeanapologytoyoulateron.

B.Youmaycondoneothers’wrongdoings.

C.Forgivenessdoesn’tequalobeyance.

D.Youshouldnegotiatewiththepersonwhoupsetyou.

問題5選項

A.Waystogetwellfromyourhurt.

B.Toforgivemaybedivine,butnooneeversaiditwaseasy.

C.Forgivenessbenefitstoyourphysicalandmentalhealth.

D.AnintroductiontothebookForgiveforGood.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:C

【解析】1.細節事實題。根據第一段的第一句可知選項A錯誤；而divine與noble同義,所以選項B正確；根據第一段的最后一句“forgivenesscansurprisinglybeneficialtoyourphysicalandmentalhealth”可知選項C錯誤；根據第一段的第二句“itcanbeextremelydifficulttoletgoofyourgrudge.”可知選項D也錯誤。所以本題選B。

2.語義題。damageresultingfromordinaryuse日常中的損傷；friction摩擦力；moisture水分,濕度。根據原文可知,這里指可以幫助我們減少器官的磨損。選項A符合原文。

3.細節事實題。根據第六段的第二句“Mentallyreplayingyourhurtgivespowertothepersonwhocausedyoupain.”在心里重演你的傷痛,只會給予傷害你的人力量。所以選項B并不是治療的好方法。

4.判斷推理題。根據第五段的最后一句“forgivenessdoesnotnecessarilymeanreconciliationwiththepersonwhoupsetyouorcondoningofhisorheraction.”寬恕并不一定意味著與讓你心煩的人和解,也不意味著寬恕他或她的行為。選項C符合原文。

5.主旨大意題。forgiveness為本文的關鍵詞,再結合全文內容可知,本文主要是講如何寬恕以及寬恕的益處。選項C更符合原文。其他選項都太片面。

10.單選題

Theyareboundtofailiftheycontinueattheriskofallthesedangers.

問題1選項

A.areunnecessary

B.arecertain

C.aresimple

D.arealternative

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞義辨析。根據句意：如果他們繼續冒著所有這些危險，他們……會失敗。這里表示的是肯定的說法，beboundto意為“肯定，必然”。A選項areunnecessary“不必要的”；B選項arecertain“必然的，確信的”；C選項aresimple“簡單的，單純的”；D選項arealternative“供選擇的”。選項B符合語境。

11.單選題

Althoughthebodyismadeupofmanydifferenttissues,thesetissuesarearrangedinan（

）andorderlyfashion.

問題1選項

A.incredible

B.internal

C.intricate

D.initial

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項incredible“不可思議的，難以置信的”；B選項internal“內在的”；C選項intricate“錯綜復雜的”；D選項initial“最初的”。原句表示“雖然人體是由許多不同的組織組成的，但這些組織是以______而有序的方式排列的”可知C選項符合句意。句意：雖然人體是由許多不同的組織組成的，但這些組織是以錯綜復雜而有序的方式排列的。

12.問答題

AStheplanetwarms,floods,storms,risingseasanddroughtwilluprootmillionsofpeopleandwithdirewiderconsequences.BarackObama,collectinghisNobelpeaceprize,saidthatclimaticchange“willfuelmoreconflictfordecades”.HetooktheanalysisnotfromenvironmentalscaremongersbutfromagroupofAmericangenerals.

Theforecastisclose（1）becomingreceivedwisdom.Aflurryofnewbookswithtitlessuchas“GlobalWarring”and“ClimaticConflict”offernear-apocalypticvisions.CleoPascal,attheRoyalInstituteofInternationalAffairsinLondon,predictsthosefloods,storms,thefailureoftheIndianmonsoonandagriculturalcollapsewillbring“enormousmadspecificgeopolitical,economicandsecurityconsequencesforallofus...theworldoftomorrowlookschaoticandviolent”.JeffreyMazooftheInternationalInstituteforStrategicStudies,alsoinLondon,callsclimaticchangean“existentialthreat”andfearsitcouldusher（2）“statefailureandinternalconflict”inexposedplaces,notablyAfrica.

Yetsurprisinglyfewfactssupportthesealarmingassertions.Widelytoutedforecastssuchas

for200mclimaticrefugeesinfirenextfewdecadesseemtohavebeenplucked（3）theair.

LittleornoacademicresearchhaslookedatquestionssuchaswhetherBangladeshisdisplacedbyarisingseawouldmoveaseriesofshortdistancesoveralongperiod,or(moredisruptively)agreaterdistanceimmediately.

SoscientistspreparingthefifthreportoftheIntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChange,duein2013,areforthefirsttimeincludingachapteronthreatstohumansecurity.Anearlyeffort

cameataconferencelastmonthinNorway,

（4）

theauspicesofthePeaceResearchInstituteinOslo.

Oneideaistofindpreviousoccasionswhenbigenvironmentalchangescame

（5）

social,

politicalandmilitaryshifts.DroughtsintheCentralAsiansteppe,forexample,ledtomasswestwardmigrationandthe“barbarian”invasionsthathelpedtoppletheRomanEmpire.HungeranddroughtledtothecollapseofMayancivilizationamillenniumago.SuddencoolingwipedoutanearlyEuropeansettlementonGreenland.TheDustBowlofthe1930sforcedover2mpeopletomigratewithintheUnitedStates.

ThoseexamplesmayberelevantinAfrica,whereinmanycountriesaroundthree-quartersofthepopulationsurvivebycultivatingafewvarietiesofcropswatereddirectlybyrain,theformof

farmingmostvulnerable

（6）

climaticchange.Africahaswarmedby0.5°Conaverageinthe

pasthalfcentury,andmayheatby1.5-4°Cmorethiscentury.Heathitscerealyields(speciallymaize),perhapsby10-20%fora1*Crise.Rainfallpatternswillalsoshift.

ThehardestevidenceforalinksofarcomesfromateamledbyMarshallBurkeoftheUniversityofCalifornia,whichstudiedAfricanwarsfrom1980to2002andfoundthatrisingtemperaturesarcindeedassociatedwithcropfailure,economicdeclineandasharpriseinthelikelihoodofwar.Itpredicteda“50%increase”inthechanceofcivilwarinAfricaby2030.

Butthatclaimisnowheavilyrevised,sinceresearchersredidtheirsumstotakeaccountofthemorepeacefulperiodof2002-08.Otherssaythatpoliticalandotherfactorssuchasethnicconflictandoutsideinterventionarefarbetterindicatorsofthelikelihoodoffighting.

TakethewidelycitedcaseofthewarinDarfur,thewesternregionofSudan.BanKi-moon,

theUNsecretary-general,describeditas“anecologicalcrisis,arisingatleast（7）partfrom

climatechange”.EnvironmentalproblemshaveprobablyworsenedtheDarfur’sdreadfulplight,offeringgristtothosewhocallclimatechangea“threatmultiplier5，.Averagerainfallintheregionfellabruptly(byathirdormore)intheearly1970sandDarfurrepeatedlysuffereddroughts.Clashesovergrazingandthendisplacementofvillagerswerefollowed,from2003,byhorrificwar.

Yettheconnectioniselusive.Roughlythreedecadeselapsedbetweentherainstoppingandwarstarting.Manyotherfactorspolitical,ethnic,demographicandeconomicconspiredtostokeviolence.ThosewerespecifictoDarfur,whereasthesharpdropinrainfallhitthewholeSahel,withoutintensifyingconflictelsewhere.

AnothercommonlycitedexampleisviolentcompetitionforscarcegrazingbetweennomadicherdsmenintheHomofAfrica.YetastudyoffightingamongpastoralistsontheborderbetweenKenyaandSomaliainthepast60years(presentedattheconference)showedinsteadthatconflictworsenedwhengrazingwasabundantandfell

（

8）

droughts.Hungrypeoplewaretoobusystayingalive,ortooexhausted,tofight.Bycontrast,whenrainsmadeherdsmen’sliveseasier,theycouldreleasesurplusyounglaborfortheviolentsportofr