考研考博-英語-廈門華廈學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解1_第1頁
考研考博-英語-廈門華廈學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解1_第2頁
考研考博-英語-廈門華廈學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解1_第3頁
考研考博-英語-廈門華廈學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解1_第4頁
考研考博-英語-廈門華廈學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解1_第5頁
已閱讀5頁,還剩452頁未讀 繼續(xù)免費(fèi)閱讀

下載本文檔

版權(quán)說明:本文檔由用戶提供并上傳,收益歸屬內(nèi)容提供方,若內(nèi)容存在侵權(quán),請進(jìn)行舉報或認(rèn)領(lǐng)

文檔簡介

書山有路勤為徑,學(xué)海無涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-廈門華廈學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請謹(jǐn)慎購買!第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.單選題

13.

問題1選項

A.Whoopingcough,smallpoxandmeasles.

B.Whoopingcough,chickenpoxandmeasles.

C.Whoopingcough,smallpoxandGermanmeasles.

D.Whoopingcough,chickenpoxandGermanmeasles.

【答案】B

【解析】M:I’dliketoaskyouaboutyourpastmedicalhistory.Canyoutellmeifyouhadanychildhooddiseases?

W:WhenIwassmall,Ihadmeasles(麻疹),chickenpox(水痘)andwhoopingcough(百日咳).ButIdon’tthinkIeverhadGermanmeasles(風(fēng)疹).

Q:Whatdiseasesdidthewomanhavewhenshewassmall?

【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。女士小時候得過麻疹、水痘和百日咳。但沒得過風(fēng)疹。

2.填空題

Achildwhohasoncebeenpleasedwithatalelikes,asarule,tohaveitretoldinidenticallythesamewords,butthisshouldnotleadparentstotreatprintedfairystoriesassacredtexts.Itisalwaysmuchbettertotellastorythanreadit11ofabook,and,ifaparentcanproduce12intheactualcircumstancesofthetimeandtheindividualchild,isanimprovementontheprintedtext,somuchthebetter.

Achargemadeagainstfairytalesisthattheyharmthechildbyfrighteninghimorarousinghissadisticimpulses.Toprovethe13,onewouldhavetoshowinacontrolledexperimentthatchildrenwhohavereadfairystoriesweremoreoftenguiltyofcrueltythanthosewhohadnot.Aggressive,destructive,sadisticimpulseseverychildhashad,14onthewhole,theirsymbolicverbaldischargeseemstoberatherasafetyvalvethananincitementtoovertaction.Astofears,thereare,Ithink,well-authenticatedcasesofchildren15dangerouslyterrifiedbysomefairystory.Often,however,thisarisesfromthechildhavingheardthestoryonce.Familiaritywiththestorybyrepetitionturnsthepainoffear16thepleasureofafearfacedandmastered.

Therearealsopeoplewhoobjecttofairystoriesonthegrounds17theyarenotobjectivelytrue,thatgiants,witches,two-headeddragons,magiccarpets,etc.,donotexist;andthat,insteadofindulginghisfantasies18fairytales,thechildshouldbetaughthowtoadapttorealitybystudyinghistoryandmechanics.Ifindsuchpeople,Imustconfess,sounsympatheticandpeculiarthatIdonotknowhowtoarguewiththem.Iftheircase19sound,theworldshouldbefullofmadmenattemptingtoflyfromNewYorktoPhiladelphiaonabroomstick20coveringatelephonewithkissesinthebeliefthatitwastheirenchantedgirl-friend.Nofairystoryeverclaimedtobeadescriptionoftheexternalworldandnosamechildhaseverbelievedthatitwas.

【答案】11.out

12.what

13.latter

14.and

15.being

16.into

17.that

18.in

19.were

20.or

【解析】11.考查動詞短語。句意:講故事總是比從書上讀故事好得多。readsth.out“讀出來”,這里it指的是astory。

12.考查賓語從句。句意:如果父母能在當(dāng)時和孩子個人的實際情況下寫出比印刷文本更好的東西,那就更好了。produce后面接賓語從句,賓語從句缺主語,引導(dǎo)詞what作賓語從句的主語。

13.考查連詞。這里承接上文theyharmthechildbyfrighteninghimorarousinghissadisticimpulses(童話故事通過嚇唬孩子或喚起孩子的施虐沖動來傷害孩子),而后文是要證明childrenwhohavereadfairystoriesweremoreoftenguiltyofcrueltythanthosewhohadnot(讀過童話故事的孩子比沒有讀過的孩子更容易犯下殘忍的罪行),所以這里是證明后者,用latter符合題意。

14.考查連詞用法。前面Aggressive,destructive,sadisticimpulseseverychildhas(每個孩子都有攻擊性、破壞性、虐待性的沖動),后面onthewhole,theirsymbolicverbaldischargeseemstoberatherasafetyvalvethananincitementtoovertaction(總的來說,他們象征性的言語發(fā)泄被視為一種安全閥,而不是公開行動的刺激),可知前后是并列結(jié)構(gòu),用and符合題意。

15.考查非謂語動詞。句意:至于恐懼,我認(rèn)為,確實有一些孩子被一些童話故事嚇壞的案例。根據(jù)children被terrified確定用被動語態(tài),被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)為be動詞+done,根據(jù)介詞of確定用動名詞形式,所以being符合題意。

16.考查動詞短語。osth.“將……變成……”,根據(jù)語境,這里指將恐懼的痛苦轉(zhuǎn)化為面對和控制恐懼的快樂。

17.考查狀語從句。句意:也有人反對童話故事,理由是它們不是客觀真實的,巨人、女巫、雙頭龍、魔毯等等,根本不存在。onthegroundsthattheyarenotobjectivelytrue是修飾whoobjecttofairystories的原因狀語從句,onthegroundsthat屬于邊際從屬連詞。

18.考查介詞用法。句意:應(yīng)該教孩子如何通過學(xué)習(xí)歷史和力學(xué)來適應(yīng)現(xiàn)實,而不是沉溺于童話故事中的幻想。這里指在童話故事中,infairytales符合題意。

19.考查虛擬語氣。句意:如果他們的說法合理,那么這個世界上應(yīng)該有很多瘋子。這里的虛擬語氣用來表示假設(shè),表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反的情況,從句結(jié)構(gòu):If+主語+動詞一般過去時(Be動詞用were),were符合題意。

20.考查連詞用法。句意:如果他們的說法合理,那么這個世界上應(yīng)該有很多瘋子,他們試圖騎著掃帚從紐約飛到費(fèi)城,或者用親吻來覆蓋電話,以為那是他們被施了魔法的女友。根據(jù)語境,在這里or使句子通順。

3.單選題

I’dratheryou(

)anythingaboutitforthetimebeing.

問題1選項

A.do

B.didn’tdo

C.don’t

D.didn’t

【答案】B

【解析】句意:我寧愿你目前什么也不要做。

語法題。考查虛擬語氣。Wouldrather后面接從句時要用虛擬語氣,表示對現(xiàn)在或?qū)淼奶摂M時,從句的謂語動詞用一般過去時。故選B。

4.單選題

InGreatBritaintodaygoodmannersattableincludeeatingwiththemouthclosed,notlettinganyofthefood(1)theplate,usingtheknifeonlyforcutting,andnottryingtotakefoodacrossthetable.Inotherpartsoftheworldtherearealsorulesforpeopletofollowwhentheyareeating,(2)theyarenotthesameasthoseofBritain.(3),whatareconsideredgoodtablemannersinsomeothercountriesarewhatBritishpeopletryhardesttoavoid.InArabia,(4),thepeopleatafeasttakepiecesoffoodwiththeirfingersandbelchloudlytoshowthatthey(5)it.

ThericherandmoreeducatedpeopleintheEasthave,(6),toagreatextenttakenupthetablemannersandcustomsofWesternpeople.Tablesandchairs(7)thecushionsofthepast,andtheladyofthehouse(8)atoneendofthetableinthesamewaythatWesternwomendo.ManyJapanese,however,stillfeelitwouldbewrongtoeatunlessthey(9)onacushionbeforealowtablewithatrayoffoodonit.InmanypartsoftheworldbothtraditionalandWesternstylesofeatingexist(10).

IntheWesttherearedifferencesbetweentablemannersinvariouscountries,althoughtheyarenotso(11).InNorthAmericaitispoliteto(12)meatandthenputtheknifedown,taketheforkintherighthand,andeatwithit.MostEuropeanpeople,liketheBritish,keeptheforkinthelefthandandtheknifeintherightallthetime(13)theyareeatingfoodthathastobecut.IntheBritishIslesandScandinavia(Norway,Sweden,DenmarkandIceland)specialknivesandforksaresuedforeatingfish.InFrance,BelgiumandItaly,(14),itiscorrecttokeepthesameknifeforeverycourse,wipingitonapieceofbread.

Drinkingcustomsattable(15)varyindifferentcountries.InEurope,water,wineorbeerisdrunkwithmealsandcoffeeorteaistakenafterwards.InNorthAmericaabeverage(16)coffee,teaormilkisdrunkwithmeals.

Tablemannersofcourse(17)withtime.Theearliestmealswerealsothesimplest.Theywereeatensittingonthegroundroundafire,andeveryonetookhisfoodfromapot(18)thefireorcutbitsfromtheanimalorbirdthathadbeencooked.Thewomenwaitedonthewarriorsandafterwardsatewhattheyleft.

Fingerswereusedtoeatfoodthroughoutthemiddleages.Food(19)woodendisheswiththenoblemensittingabovethesalt.Theordinarypeoplesat(20).InthereignofHenryVII(1509-1547),peoplewerestilleatingwiththeirhandsaftercuttingthefoodwithaclaspknifewhichwasalwayscarriedatthebelt.ForkswerenotusedinEnglanduntilthe17thcentury.

問題1選項

A.fallon

B.fallin

C.falloff

D.fallout

問題2選項

A.but

B.so

C.however

D.nor

問題3選項

A.Furthermore

B.However

C.Onthecontrary

D.Indeed

問題4選項

A.however

B.yet

C.forinstance

D.but

問題5選項

A.finisheating

B.haveappreciated

C.areliking

D.preferto

問題6選項

A.furthermore

B.however

C.so

D.inaddition

問題7選項

A.areusing

B.havereplaced

C.takeaway

D.takeon

問題8選項

A.presides

B.holds

C.stares

D.stands

問題9選項

A.are

B.sit

C.aresat

D.weresitting

問題10選項

A.sideinside

B.sidetoside

C.sidebyside

D.sideforside

問題11選項

A.marked

B.subtle

C.considerate

D.attractive

問題12選項

A.cutoff

B.cutaway

C.cutup

D.cutdown

問題13選項

A.if

B.which

C.unless

D.when

問題14選項

A.so

B.and

C.inaddition

D.however

問題15選項

A.so

B.also

C.yet

D.then

問題16選項

A.forexample

B.suchas

C.forinstance

D.takeasanexample

問題17選項

A.havechanged

B.hasdeveloped

C.havereplaced

D.haskept

問題18選項

A.on

B.in

C.above

D.beyond

問題19選項

A.iseatenup

B.wereeaten

C.waseatenoff

D.hasbeeneaten

問題20選項

A.atthetable

B.still

C.in

D.belowthesalt

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:B

第6題:B

第7題:B

第8題:A

第9題:D

第10題:C

第11題:A

第12題:C

第13題:D

第14題:D

第15題:B

第16題:B

第17題:A

第18題:A

第19題:C

第20題:D

【解析】(1)fallon落到,指向;fallin塌陷,跌入;falloff減少,跌落,下降;fallout發(fā)生,脫落。根據(jù)句意:不要讓食物從盤中跌落。選項C符合句意。

(2)結(jié)合原文句意可知,這里應(yīng)填入but表轉(zhuǎn)折。

(3)結(jié)合上下文句意可知,這里填入Indeed最恰當(dāng),句意:事實上,在其他一些國家被認(rèn)為是好的餐桌禮儀卻是英國人竭力避免的。選項D正確。

(4)根據(jù)原文可知,這里是用阿拉伯人來進(jìn)行舉例。對上句觀點舉例說明,所以選項C符合原文。

(5)根據(jù)原文可知選項A,C,D均不符合語法結(jié)構(gòu),所以不正確。句意:他們大聲打嗝以示感激。選項B正確。

(6)根據(jù)句意:在東方,富人和受教育程度較高的人在很大程度上已經(jīng)接受了西方人的餐桌禮儀和習(xí)俗。沒有因果關(guān)系,也沒有遞進(jìn)關(guān)系,所以選項A,C,D不正確。根據(jù)haveto可知,選項B符合原文。

(7)原文指桌子和椅子替代了過去的坐墊,只有選項B符合原文。

(8)presideat主持,負(fù)責(zé);holdat將溫度保持在...度;stareat凝視,盯住;standat達(dá)到,躊躇。根據(jù)句意:女主人像西方婦女一樣,負(fù)責(zé)在餐桌的一頭招待客人。選項A符合句意。

(9)根據(jù)句意可知,這里表示他們坐在坐墊上。選項A和B結(jié)構(gòu)不完整,首先排除;unless表假設(shè),等于ifnot,根據(jù)語境可知選項D正確。

(10)句意:在世界上許多地方,傳統(tǒng)和西方的飲食方式并存。選項A和D無此用法,選項B的用法是fromsidetoside從一邊到另一邊;sidebyside并排,一起,并行不悖。選項C符合原文。

(11)marked有記號的,顯著的;subtle微妙的,精細(xì)的;considerate體貼的,顧慮周到的;attractive吸引人的,有魅力的。句意:在西方,不同的國家有不同的餐桌禮儀,盡管差異不是很顯著。選項A符合原文。

(12)cutoff切斷,中斷;cutaway切掉,砍掉;cutup抨擊,切碎;cutdown削減,砍倒。句意:在美國北部,把肉切好后放下刀,然后用右手拿叉子吃肉,這是很禮貌的做法。選項C符合原文句意。

(13)根據(jù)句意:大部分歐洲人,比如英國人,他們在吃需要切碎的食物的時候總是左手拿叉,右手拿刀。選項D符合原文。

(14)結(jié)合上下文句意可知,這里應(yīng)該是表轉(zhuǎn)折,所以選項D正確。

(15)上文主要是說各個國家的餐桌禮儀不同,這里是說各個國家的飲酒習(xí)俗也不同。所以選項B正確。

(16)根據(jù)原文可知這里是舉例子的意思。選項A和C一般做插入語或位于句首,需用逗號隔開;選項D后面接句子也需要用逗號隔開,所以只有選項B正確。

(17)根據(jù)下文“Theearliestmealswerealsothesimplest.”可以推測,這里指餐桌禮儀隨著時間的推移而在變化,選項A符合原文。

(18)根據(jù)句意:每個人都從架在火上的鍋里拿食物,或者從煮熟的動物或鳥身上切一塊下來。所以這里用介詞on最為恰當(dāng)。

(19)eatup吃光,耗盡,擊垮;eatoff用…吃。根據(jù)句意:紳士坐在上座,他們用木盤子吃東西。選項C符合原文句意。

(20)根據(jù)上文“thenoblemensittingabovethesalt”貴族坐在上座,所以普通人應(yīng)該與之相反,坐在下座。選項D正確。

5.單選題

Hewasaskedtobethe(

)ofthebadmintongamebecausehewasanimpartialperson.

問題1選項

A.judge

B.umpire

C.fan

D.controller

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。judge意為“法官,審判員”,泛指各種場合中的評判人員;umpire意為“裁判員”多用于仲裁者本身不需隨比賽移動位置,如羽毛球、游泳、板球、棒球等;fan意為“迷,狂熱愛好者,風(fēng)扇”;controller意為“(尤指大型機(jī)構(gòu)或部門的)管理者,控制者”。由thebadmintongame(羽毛球比賽)可知選B。

句意:他被要求擔(dān)任羽毛球比賽的裁判,因為他是一個公正的人。

6.翻譯題

Doyouseetheglassashalffullratherthanhalfempty?Doyoukeepyoureyeuponthedoughnut,notuponthehollow?Suddenlytheseclichésarescientificquestions,asresearchersscrutinizethepowerofpositivethinking.

Afast-growingbodyofresearchisprovingthatoptimismcanhelpyoutobehappier,healthierandmoresuccessful;pessimismleads,bycontrast,tohopelessness,sicknessandfailure,andislinkedtodepression,lonelinessandpainfulshyness.“Ifyoucouldteachpeopletothinkmorepositively,”sayspsychologistCraig,“itwouldbelikeinoculatingthemagainstthesementalills.”

Yourabilitiescount,butthebeliefthatyoucansucceedaffectswhetherornotyouwill.Inpart,that’sbecauseoptimistsandpessimistsdealwiththesamechallengesanddisappointmentsinverydifferentways.

Take,forexample,yourjob.Inamajorstudy,psychologistSeligmanandhiscolleaguesurveyedsalesrepresentativesataLifeInsuranceCompany.Theyfoundthatthepositivethinkersamonglongtimerepresentativessold37percentmoreinsurancethandidthenegativethinkers.Ofnewlyhiredrepresentatives,optimistssold20percentmore.Howdidtheydoit?Thesecrettoanoptimist’ssuccessisinhis“explanatorystyle.”Whenthingsgowrong,thepessimisttendstoblamehimself,whiletheoptimistlooksforloopholes.Whenthingsgoright,theoptimisttakescreditwhilethepessimistseessuccessasafluke.

Negativeorpositive,itwasaself-fulfillingprophecy.“Ifpeoplefeelhopeless,theydon’tbothertoacquiretheskillstheyneedtosucceed,”saysCraig.

Asenseofcontrolisthelitmustestforsuccess.Theoptimistfeelsincontrolofhisownlife.Thepessimistfeelslikefate’splaythingandmovesslowly.Hedoesn’tseeadvice,sinceheassumesnothingcanbedone.Optimistsmaythinktheyarebetterthanthefactswouldjustifyandsometimesthat’swhatkeepsthemalive.Dr.SandraLeveyofPittsburgCancerInstitutestudiedwomenwithadvancedbreastcancer.Forthewomenwhoweregenerallyoptimistic,therewasalongerdisease-freeinterval,thebestpredictorofsurvival.Inapilotstudyofwomenintheearlystagesofbreastcancer,Dr.Leveyfoundthediseaserecurredsooneramongthepessimists.

【答案】【參考譯文】你看到的玻璃杯是半滿的還是半空的?你的眼睛是盯著炸面圈還是中間的那個洞?當(dāng)研究者們仔細(xì)觀察積極思維的力量時,這些陳詞濫調(diào)突然間都成了科學(xué)問題。

迅速增多的大量研究工作證明樂觀的態(tài)度可以使你更快樂、更健康、更成功。與此相反,悲觀則導(dǎo)致無望、疾病以及失敗,它與沮喪、孤獨(dú)、令人苦惱的靦腆密切相關(guān)。心理學(xué)家克雷格說:“如果你能夠教會人們更積極地思考,那就如同為他們注射了預(yù)防這些心理疾病的疫苗。”

你的能力固然重要,但你能成功的信念影響到你是否真能成功。在某種程度上,這是由于樂觀者和悲觀者以截然不同的方式對待同樣的挑戰(zhàn)和失望。

以你的工作為例。心理學(xué)家塞利格曼和他的同事對一家人壽保險公司的推銷員進(jìn)行了廣泛調(diào)查。他們發(fā)現(xiàn),在工齡較長的推銷員中,積極思考者比消極思考者要多推銷37%的保險額。在新雇傭的推銷員中,樂觀主義者則多銷了20%。他們是如何做的呢?樂觀主義者成功的秘訣就在于他的“歸因方式”。出了問題之后,悲觀主義者傾向于自責(zé),樂觀主義者則尋找漏洞。當(dāng)一切順利時,樂觀主義者看成是自己的功勞,而悲觀主義者只把成功視為僥幸。

無論是消極還是積極,都是一種本身會成為事實的預(yù)言。克雷格說:“如果人們感到?jīng)]有希望,他們就不會費(fèi)事去獲得成功所需的技能。”

控制感是成功的試金石。樂觀者能夠掌握自己的命運(yùn)。悲觀者則感到自己只能任由命運(yùn)擺布,行動拖拉。既然認(rèn)為毫無辦法,他便不去尋求指點。樂觀主義者也許認(rèn)為自己比事實能夠證明的要強(qiáng)——有時正是這一點使他們充滿生機(jī)。匹茲堡腫瘤研究所的桑德拉?利維博士對患晚期乳腺癌的婦女進(jìn)行了研究。對那些通常持樂觀態(tài)度的婦女來說,兩次發(fā)病間隔的時間較長,而這是生存下去的最好預(yù)兆。在一次對早期乳腺癌婦女的小規(guī)模試驗性研究中,利維博士發(fā)現(xiàn)這一疾病在悲觀主義者身上復(fù)發(fā)更早。

7.單選題

Itiswellknownthatteenageboystendtodobetter(1)maththangirls,thatmalehighschoolstudentsaremorelikelythantheirfemalecounterparts

(2)advancedmathcourseslikecalculus,thatvirtuallyallthegreatmathematicians

(3)

men.Arewomenbornwith(4)mathematicalability?Ordoessociety’ssexismslowtheirprogress?In1980,twoJohnsHopkinsUniversityresearcherstried

(5)theeternalnature/nurturedebate.JulianStanleyandCamillaBenbow

(6)10,000talentedseventhandeighthgradersbetween1972and1979.UsingtheScholasticAptitudeTest,inwhichmathquestionsaremeanttomeasureabilityratherthanknowledge,theydiscovered

(7)sexdifferences.(8)

theverbalabilitiesofthemalesandfemales

(9)differed,twiceasmanyboysasgirlsscoredover500(onascaleof200to800)onmathematicalability;atthe700level,theratiowas14to1.Theconclusion:maleshave

(10

)superiormathematicalreasoningability.

BenbowandStanley’sfindings,(11)werepublishedin“Science”,disturbedsomemenand(12)women.NowthereiscomfortforthosepeopleinanewstudyfromtheUniversityofChicagothatsuggestsmath

(13)not,afterall,anaturalmaledomain.Prof.ZalmanUsiskinstudied1,366tenthgraders.Theywereselectedfromgeometryclassesandtestedontheirabilitytosolvegeometryproofs,asubjectrequiring(

14)—abstractreasoningandspatialability.Theconclusion(15)byUsiskin:therearenosexdifferencesinmathability.

問題1選項

A.at

B.top

C.of

D.about

問題2選項

A.intackling

B.tackling

C.totackle

D.abouttackling

問題3選項

A.mightbe

B.havebeen

C.mustbe

D.hadbeen

問題4選項

A.smaller

B.less

C.fewer

D.notmore

問題5選項

A.tosettle

B.toset

C.settling

D.setting.

問題6選項

A.weretested

B.havetested

C.weretesting

D.hadtested

問題7選項

A.distinct

B.instinct

C.remotes

D.vague

問題8選項

A.Since

B.However

C.As

D.While

問題9選項

A.scarcelynot

B.virtually

C.largely

D.hardly.

問題10選項

A.superficially

B.universally

C.inherently

D.initially,

問題11選項

A.as

B.that

C.which

D.all

問題12選項

A.few

B.notafew

C.notfew

D.quitefew

問題13選項

A.be

B.were

C.was

D.is

問題14選項

A.noneof

B.neitherof

C.either

D.both

問題15選項

A.got

B.gained

C.reached

D.accomplished

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:B

第5題:A

第6題:D

第7題:A

第8題:D

第9題:D

第10題:C

第11題:C

第12題:B

第13題:D

第14題:D

第15題:C

【解析】1.考查固定搭配。dobetterat...在……方面做得更好。

2.考查固定搭配。belikelytodosth.可能做某事,故選C。

3.語法題。考查時態(tài)。空格所在句意為:偉大的數(shù)學(xué)家?guī)缀酢际悄行?這里強(qiáng)調(diào)從過去到現(xiàn)在一直存在的事實,因此用現(xiàn)在完成時。

4.語義題。smaller更小的,一般指尺寸、數(shù)量等;less和fewer都可以表示更少的,較少的但less修飾不可數(shù)名詞,fewer修飾可數(shù)名詞;notmore不多。由關(guān)鍵詞ability可知B正確。

5.考查固定搭配。trytodosth.努力做某事。此處動詞settle與debate搭配表示“解決爭端”。

6.語法題。考查時態(tài)。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞between1972and1979可知,此處需耍用過去完成吋態(tài)。

7.考查形容詞辨析。distinct明顯的;instinct本能,天性;remote偏遠(yuǎn)的,偏僻的;vague模糊的。此處句意為:他們發(fā)現(xiàn)不同的性別之間有很大的不同,故選A。

8.考查邏輯關(guān)系。逗號前后兩個分句之間是對比關(guān)系,因此引導(dǎo)詞用while。

9.考查副詞辨析。scarcely幾乎不,一般沒有scarcelynot連用的情況;virtually事實上,幾乎;largely主要地,在很大程度上;hardly幾乎不。前后分句為對比關(guān)系。故選D。

10.考查副詞辨析。superficially表面地;universally普遍地;inherently固有地,內(nèi)在地;initially最初。這里想表達(dá)“相比女性,男性在數(shù)學(xué)方面有內(nèi)在優(yōu)勢”,故選C。

11.語法題。考查從句的引導(dǎo)詞。“(

)werepublishedin‘Science’”這部分為非限制性定語從句修飾BenbowandStanley’sfindings,C項which能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句,故選C。

12.語義題。few很少的;notafew不少,相當(dāng)多;沒有nowfew和quitefew的用法。此處句意為:這一研究結(jié)果讓一些男性和很多女性感到不安,故選B。

13.語法題。考查時態(tài)和主謂一致。此處需填入系動詞,此處主語是math,故排除A和B。根據(jù)提示詞now可知,D正確。

14.考查固定搭配。both...and...不但…而且…。

15.考查固定搭配。reachaconclusion得出結(jié)論。

8.單選題

Thisexperiencedauthorwasableto()thefactthathewasnotqualifiedforadmissiontocollege.

問題1選項

A.suppress

B.compress

C.express

D.depress

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項suppress“抑制、鎮(zhèn)壓”;B選項compress“壓縮、精簡”;C選項express“表達(dá)”;D選項depress“使沮喪、降低”,句意為:這位經(jīng)驗豐富的作家能夠表達(dá)他沒有資格進(jìn)入大學(xué)這一事實。express“表達(dá)”符合句意,因此選項C正確。

9.單選題

Bylaw,whenonemakesalargepurchase,heshouldhave()opportunitytochangehismind.

問題1選項

A.accurate

B.urgent

C.excessive

D.adequate

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。accurate精確的;urgent緊急的;excessive過分的;adequate充分的。句意:根據(jù)法律,當(dāng)一個人擁有充足的購買力,他應(yīng)具有充分的機(jī)會去改變他的注意。選項D更符合句意。

10.單選題

Twoboyswerecaughtsmokinginschoolbuttheprincipalletthem()withawarning.

問題1選項

A.alone

B.off

C.in

D.out

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項letalone“不打擾,不驚動”;B選項letoff“排放,寬恕”,表示寬恕的意思時,通常構(gòu)成短語letsb.offwithsth.,寬恕某人做某事;C選項letin“讓……進(jìn)來”;D選項letout“加寬,放寬”。句意:兩個男孩在學(xué)校抽煙被抓住了,但校長只警告他們一下就放過了。本句表示寬恕了他們。因此B選項正確。

11.單選題

The(

)viewinBritainandotherWesterncountriesassociatesagingwithdecline,dependency,isolation,andoftenpoverty.

問題1選項

A.predominant

B.credulous

C.inclusive

D.sustainable

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項predominant“主要的,占主導(dǎo)地位的”;B選項credulous“輕信的,易受騙的”;C選項inclusive“包括的,包羅廣泛的”;D選項sustainable“可持續(xù)的”。此處表示英國和其他西方國家的主要觀點,故選A。句意:英國和其他西方國家的主流觀點認(rèn)為,老齡化通常與衰落、依賴、孤立以及貧窮有關(guān)。

12.單選題

()thenewfund-raisingplanisapproved,wewillsoonhavemoremoneytobuildthegymnasium.

問題1選項

A.While

B.Given

C.Unless

D.Evenif

【答案】B

【解析】句意:新的融資計劃被批準(zhǔn),我們很快就會有更多的錢建造體育館。given鑒于,考慮到...符合句意。

13.單選題

Theywereabroadduringthemonthwhenwewerecarryingouttheinvestigation,orthey______toourhelp

問題1選項

A.wouldhavecome

B.couldcome

C.havecome

D.hadcome

【答案】A

【解析】考查虛擬語氣。虛擬語氣中的條件從句有時不直接表達(dá)出來,而是通過or等連詞來表達(dá),這種句子叫作含蓄條件句。根據(jù)主語謂語動詞were推斷,動作在過去已經(jīng)發(fā)生,or后面的句子是對過去的假設(shè),所以動詞應(yīng)該用wouldhavecome,故A項符合。句意:我們進(jìn)行調(diào)查的那個月他們在國外,否則他們會來幫助我們的。因此,該題選擇A項正確。

14.單選題

SectionA

Everyhealthsysteminaneconomicallydevelopedsocietyisfacedwiththeneedtodecide(eitherformallyorinformally)whatproportionofthecommunity’stotalresourcesshouldbespentonhealth-care;howresourcesaretobeapportioned;whatdiseasesanddisabilitiesandwhichformsoftreatmentaretobegivenpriority;whichmembersofthecommunityaretobegivenspecialconsiderationinrespectoftheirhealthneeds;andwhichformsoftreatmentarethemostcost-effective.

SectionB

Whatisnewisthat,fromthe1950sonwards,therehavebeencertaingeneralchangesinoutlookaboutthefinitudeofresourcesasawholeandofhealth-careresourcesinparticular,aswellasmorespecificchangesregardingtheclienteleofhealth-careresourcesandthecosttothecommunityofthoseresources.Thus,inthe1950sand1960s,thereemergedanawarenessinWesternsocietiesthatresourcesfortheprovisionoffossilfuelenergywerefiniteandexhaustibleandthatthecapacityofnatureortheenvironmenttosustaineconomicdevelopmentandpopulationwasalsofinite.Inotherwords,webecameawareoftheobviousfactthattherewere“l(fā)imitstogrowth”.Thenewconsciousnessthattherewerealsoseverelimitstohealth-careresourceswaspartofthisgeneralrevelationoftheobvious.Lookingback,itnowseemsquiteincrediblethatinthenationalhealthsystemsthatemergedinmanycountriesintheyearsimmediatelyafterthe1939-45WorldWar,itwasassumedwithoutquestionthatallthebasichealthneedsofanycommunitycouldbesatisfied,atleastinprinciple;the“invisiblehand”ofeconomicprogresswouldprovide.

SectionC

However,atexactlythesametimeasthisnewrealizationofthefinitecharacterofhealth-careresourceswassinkingin,anawarenessofacontrarykindwasdevelopinginWesternsocieties:thatpeoplehaveabasicrighttohealth-careasanecessaryconditionofaproperhumanlife.Likeeducation,politicalandlegalprocessesandinstitutions,publicorder,communication,transportandmoneysupply,health-carecametobeseenasoneofthefundamentalsocialfacilitiesnecessaryforpeopletoexercisetheirotherrightsasautonomoushumanbeings.Peoplearenotinapositiontoexercisepersonallibertyandtobeself-determiningiftheyarepoverty-stricken,ordeprivedofbasiceducation,ordonotlivewithinacontextoflawandorder.Inthesameway,basichealth-careisaconditionoftheexerciseofautonomy.

SectionD

Althoughthelanguageof“rights”sometimesleadstoconfusion,bythelate1970sitwasrecognizedinmostsocietiesthatpeoplehavearighttohealth-care(thoughtherehasbeenconsiderableresistanceintheUnitedStatestotheideathatthereisaformalrighttohealth-care).Itisalsoacceptedthatthisrightgeneratesanobligationordutyforthestatetoensurethatadequatehealthcareresourcesareprovidedoutofthepublicpurse.Thestatehasnoobligationtoprovideahealth-caresystemitself,buttoensurethatsuchasystemisprovided.Putanotherway,basichealth-careisnowrecognizedasa“publicgood”,ratherthana“privategood”thatoneisexpectedtobuyforoneself.Asthe1976declarationoftheWorldHealthOrganizationputit:“Theenjoymentofthehighestattainablestandardofhealthisoneofthefundamentalrightsofeveryhumanbeingwithoutdistinctionofrace,religion,politicalbelief,economicorsocialcondition.”Ashasjustbeenremarked,inaliberalsocietybasichealthisseenasoneoftheindispensableconditionsfortheexerciseofpersonalautonomy.

SectionE

Justatthetimewhenitbecameobviousthathealth-careresourcescouldnotpossiblymeetthedemandsbeingmadeuponthem,peopleweredemandingthattheirfundamentalrighttohealth-carebesatisfiedbythestate.Thesecondsetofmorespecificchangesthathaveledtothepresentconcernaboutthedistributionofhealth-careresourcesstemsfromthedramaticriseinhealthcostsinmostOECDcountries,accompaniedbylarge-scaledemographicandsocialchangeswhichhavemeant,totakeoneexample,thatelderlypeoplearenowmajor(andrelativelyveryexpensive)consumersofhealth-careresources.ThusinOECDcountriesasawhole,healthcostsincreasedfrom3.8%ofGDPin1960to7%ofGDPin1980,andithasbeenpredictedthattheproportionofhealthcoststoGDPwillcontinuetoincrease.(IntheUSthecurrentfigureisabout12%ofGDP,andinAustraliaabout7.8%ofGDP.)

Asaconsequence,duringthe1980sakindofdoomsdayscenario(analogoustosimilardoomsdayextrapolationsaboutenergyneedsandfossilfuelsoraboutpopulationincreases)wasprojectedbyhealthadministrator,economistsandpoliticians.Inthisscenario,ever-risinghealthcostswerematchedagainststaticordecliningresources.

1.Personallibertyandindependencehaveneverbeenregardedasdirectlylinkedtohealth-care.

2.Health-carecametobeseenasarightataboutthesametimethatthelimitsofhealth-careresourcesbecameevident.

3.InOECDcountriespopulationchangeshavehadanimpactonhealth-carecostsinrecentyears.

4.OECDgovernmentshaveconsistentlyunderestimatedthelevelofhealth-careprovisionneeded.

5.Inmosteconomicallydevelopedcountriestheelderlywillhavetomakespecialprovisionfortheirhealth-careinthefuture.

問題1選項

A.YESifthestatementagreeswiththeviewsofthewriter

B.NOifthestatementcontradictstheviewsofthewriter

C.NOTGIVENifitisimpossibletosaywhatthewriterthinksaboutthis

問題2選項

A.YESifthestatementagreeswiththeviewsofthewriter

B.NOifthestatementcontradictstheviewsofthewriter

C.NOTGIVENifitisimpossibletosaywhatthewriterthinksaboutthis

問題3選項

A.YESifthestatementagreeswiththeviewsofthewriter

B.NOifthestatementcontradictstheviewsofthewriter

C.NOTGIVENifitisimpossibletosaywhatthewriterthinksaboutthis

問題4選項

A.YESifthestatementagreeswiththeviewsofthewriter

B.NOifthestatementcontradictstheviewsofthewriter

C.NOTGIVENifitisimpossibletosaywhatthewriterthinksaboutthis

問題5選項

A.YESifthestatementagreeswiththeviewsofthewriter

B.NOifthestatementcontradictstheviewsofthewriter

C.NOTGIVENifitisimpossibletosaywhatthewriterthinksaboutthis

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:C

【解析】1.根據(jù)SectionC中第二句,“Likeeducation,politicalandlegalprocessesandinstitutions,publicorder,communication,transportandmoneysupply,health-carecametobeseenasoneofthefundamentalsocialfacilitiesnecessaryforpeopletoexercisetheirotherrightsasautonomoushumanbeings.”,同教育、政治和法律程序和機(jī)構(gòu)、公共秩序、通訊、運(yùn)輸和貨幣供應(yīng)一樣,醫(yī)療保健被視為人民行使其作為自主人的其他權(quán)利所必需的基本社會設(shè)施之一。可判斷出個人自由和獨(dú)立與醫(yī)療保健是有聯(lián)系的。所以表述與原文不符合,答案為“NO”。

2.根據(jù)SectionE中第一句,“Justatthetimewhenitbecameobviousthathealth-careresourcescouldnotpossiblymeetthedemandsbeingmadeuponthem,peopleweredemandingthattheirfundamentalrighttohealth-carebesatisfiedbythestate.”,就在醫(yī)療保健資源明顯不能滿足人們要求的時候,他們要求國家滿足他們獲得醫(yī)療保健的基本權(quán)利。可判斷出醫(yī)療保健被視為一項權(quán)利的同時,醫(yī)療保健資源的限制也變得很明顯,表述正確,答案為“YES”。

3.根據(jù)SectionE中第二句,“Thesecondsetofmorespecificchangesthathaveledtothepresentconcernaboutthedistributionofhealth-careresourcesstemsfromthedramaticriseinhealthcostsinmostOECDcountries,accompaniedbylarge-scaledemographicandsocialchanges…”,導(dǎo)致目前對醫(yī)療保健資源分配的關(guān)注的第二組更具體的變化源于大多數(shù)經(jīng)合發(fā)組織國家醫(yī)療費(fèi)用的急劇增加,同時還伴隨著大規(guī)模的人口和社會變化,可判斷出近年來,經(jīng)合組織國家的人口變化對醫(yī)療保健費(fèi)用帶來了影響,表述正確。答案為“YES”。

4.文中沒有提及“經(jīng)合組織各國政府低估了所需的醫(yī)療保健水平”這一問題,故答案為“NOTGIVEN”。

5.文中沒有提及“在大多數(shù)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)達(dá)的國家,老年人將來必須為他們的保健做特別的準(zhǔn)備”這一問題,故答案為“NOTGIVEN”。

15.單選題

AlthoughJohnson’sandSmith’sinitialfascinationwiththefortunesofthosejockeyingforpowerinthelawfirm(

)afterafewmonths,thetwopaidsufficientattentiontodeterminewhotheirlunchpartnersshouldbe.

問題1選項

A.revived

B.persisted

C.intensified

D.flagged

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。revive“復(fù)興;蘇醒”;persist“堅持”;intensify“增強(qiáng),變激烈”;flag“減退”。句意:幾個月后,盡管Johnson和Smith對律師事務(wù)所中那些運(yùn)用手段圖謀權(quán)力的人的最初著迷減退了,但是這兩個人對于確定誰應(yīng)該是他們的午餐伙伴的問題上非常重視。由Although和initialfascination可知空格處所填單詞應(yīng)與initialfascination形成對比,故D項“減退”正確。

16.單選題

Iftheseshoesaretoobig,asktheclerktobringyouasmaller().

問題1選項

A.pair

B.suit

C.one

D.set

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:如果這些鞋太大了,請店員給你拿一雙更小的。結(jié)合語境,由前文談及“這些鞋子”,即應(yīng)該是成對的,故應(yīng)該用“一雙”,則A為正確答案。

17.單選題

Itisapityfor______anydisagreementinthefamily.

問題1選項

A.theretobe

B.therebeing

C.therebe

D.being

【答案】A

【解析】考查不定式用法。不定式結(jié)構(gòu)做主語通常表示具體動作,間或也可表示抽象動作,這一點與-ing分詞結(jié)構(gòu)做主語恰恰相反。用作主語的不定式結(jié)構(gòu)的邏輯主語通常可以在特定上下文或情景中看出,

溫馨提示

  • 1. 本站所有資源如無特殊說明,都需要本地電腦安裝OFFICE2007和PDF閱讀器。圖紙軟件為CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.壓縮文件請下載最新的WinRAR軟件解壓。
  • 2. 本站的文檔不包含任何第三方提供的附件圖紙等,如果需要附件,請聯(lián)系上傳者。文件的所有權(quán)益歸上傳用戶所有。
  • 3. 本站RAR壓縮包中若帶圖紙,網(wǎng)頁內(nèi)容里面會有圖紙預(yù)覽,若沒有圖紙預(yù)覽就沒有圖紙。
  • 4. 未經(jīng)權(quán)益所有人同意不得將文件中的內(nèi)容挪作商業(yè)或盈利用途。
  • 5. 人人文庫網(wǎng)僅提供信息存儲空間,僅對用戶上傳內(nèi)容的表現(xiàn)方式做保護(hù)處理,對用戶上傳分享的文檔內(nèi)容本身不做任何修改或編輯,并不能對任何下載內(nèi)容負(fù)責(zé)。
  • 6. 下載文件中如有侵權(quán)或不適當(dāng)內(nèi)容,請與我們聯(lián)系,我們立即糾正。
  • 7. 本站不保證下載資源的準(zhǔn)確性、安全性和完整性, 同時也不承擔(dān)用戶因使用這些下載資源對自己和他人造成任何形式的傷害或損失。

評論

0/150

提交評論