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書山有路勤為徑,學海無涯苦作舟!住在富人區的她考研考博-英語-廈門大學考試押題三合一+答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請謹慎購買!第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.單選題

Heavyrainswerecausinginundationandmuchdamagethroughoutthecountry.

問題1選項

A.muchinconvenience

B.seriousconcern

C.overflowofwater

D.humanmisery

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。inundation“洪水”;A選項muchinconvenience“很多不便”;B選項seriousconcern“高度關注”;C選項overflowofwater“水的泛濫”;D選項humanmisery“人類的苦難”。句意:暴雨在整個國家造成洪水和很多損毀。由題干中的“Heavyrains暴雨”可推知inundation在這里有“洪水”的意思,因此C選項正確。

2.單選題

Thefootballclubwill

newmembersthefirstweeknextmonth.

問題1選項

A.subscribe

B.absorb

C.register

D.recruit

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。Subscribe“簽署”;absorb“吸收;吸引”;register“登記”;recruit“征募”。句意:下個月第一周這個足球俱樂部會招募新成員。選項D符合題意。

3.單選題

Whereassuddengreatdisastersareinstantaneous,others,suchasdroughts,are(

).

問題1選項

A.cumulative

B.formidable

C.eternal

D.prospective

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。cumulative累積的,漸增的;formidable可怕的,強大的;eternal永恒的,不朽的;prospective預期的,未來的。句意:盡管突發的大災難是瞬間的,然而其他災難,比如干旱卻是___。由whereas表示對比關系可知此空應選與“instantaneous即刻的,即時的”意思相反的詞,故A項“累積的”符合題意,答案A

4.單選題

Cultural______indicatesthathumanbeingshandtheirlanguagesdownfromonegenerationtoanother.

問題1選項

A.translation

B.transition

C.transmission

D.transaction

【答案】C

【解析】考查形近詞辨析。A選項translation“翻譯”;B選項transition“轉變,變遷”;C選項transmission“傳播,傳遞”;D選項transaction“交易,業務”。根據handtheirlanguagesdownfromonegenerationtoanother可知C選項符合語義。句意:文化傳播意味著人類將他們的語言代代相傳。

5.單選題

Itisnotcompatiblewiththeequalitarianidealthatthereshouldbesharpdifferencesinthescaleofmonetaryrewardforservicesperformed.InNewZealand,careoftheunderdoghaslongsincebeenamoreimportantconsiderationthanisthecaseinmanyothercountries.Successivegovernmentsmayclaimwithsomejusticetohaveabolishedpoverty,butthishasnotbeendonewithouttheretakingplaceanarrowingofmarginsbetweentherewardsforskilledandunskilledlabor,withitsconsequentdenialofincentivetoacquireskill,tostriveforself-improvement.Thecountry’scitizenshavecometoregardsocialsecurityastheirinalienableright,butbytakingtooreadilyforgrantedtheState’sobligationtowardsthemselvestheyareapttolosesightoftheconversepropositionthattheythemselveshaveobligationstotheState.

Thereluctancetorewardskilledlaboratratescalculatedtoprovideanincentiveforacquiringskillhasitscounterpartinthereluctancetoremuneratethenations’bestscholarsandscientistsonascalesufficienttokeepafairproportionofthemathome.

Thefactisoftendeploredthatsomanyyoungmenofthehighestabilityprefertotakeupacareeroverseas,butitisdoubtfulwhetherhighersalarieswouldstemtheirexodusinmorethanaminordegree.Underanycircumstances,regardlessofmonetaryreward,theintellectualelitewouldbetemptedtogoabroadinsearchofawiderfieldofendeavorthancanbefoundinsosmallacountryasNewZealand.

Inasocietywheregreatwealthisregardedasantisocial,itisnaturalthatostentationshouldbelookedataskance.Marksofdistinctionareliabletobehandicap.Forinstance,thepoliticianwhoacceptsatitledoesnotusuallyimprovehischancesofgainingorretainingofficebydoingso.RichardSeddon,itwillberemembered,consistentlyanddoubtlesswisely,refusedtoacceptaknighthood.Wealthcarrieswithitaminimumofprestige;itisapositivedisadvantagetotheaspiranttoapoliticalcareer.StronglymarkedindividualityoreccentricityareseldominevidenceamongNewZealanders,andevenwheretheydoexist,thequalitiesaretoleratedratherthanappreciated.Theruleofconformityprevails,andiftheAmericanwriter,SydneyGreenbie,istobebelieved,ithasalreadyproducedaconsiderablemeasureofstandardizationamongtheinhabitantsoftheDominion.“Infaceandfeature,inmindandtaste,”writesGreenbie,“themodernNewZealandersaresomuchalikethatitishardtorememberthenamesofpersonsyoumeetcasuallyforlackofdistinguishingcharacteristicstowhichtheeyecancling.”

Underconditionssuchasthosedescribedabove,itisnotsurprisingthatnoprivilegedclassshouldhavecomeintoexistencethroughlongpossessionoflandedestateorotherpermanentsourceofincome.Nevertheless,theclaimthatNewZealandershavedevelopedaclasslesssocietycanscarcelybesubstantiated.Snobbery,whendiscouragedinonequarter,.ispronetoappearinsomenewformelsewhere.RecentinvestigationsbyA.A.CongaltonandR.J.Havighurstshowthatthereisafairlywelldefinedanduniversalappreciationofthegraduatedsocialstatusattachingtovarioussocialoccupations.Resultsofasurveyinwhichacrosssectionofthepublicwasaskedtoansweraseriesofappositequestionsshowed,forexample,thatdoctors,lawyers,andbigbusinessmenweregradedaboveheadsofGovernmentDepartments,clergymen,anduniversityprofessors;thatofficeworkersratedhigherthanshopassistants,minersthanwharflaborers,andsoon.Incidentally,theinvestigationalsobroughttolightthefactthatanyattempttoinquireintotheexistenceofsocialdistinctionswithinthecommunityinvariablyrousedresentment.

Aprivilegedclassbeingalsoaleisuredclass,itsrejectionisinkeepingwithadeep-seatedbeliefthatworkhasavirtueinitsownright,withoutregardtoitsusefulness.Inpioneerdays,whenhandswerefewandsubsistencehardtowin,itwasindeedacrimetoremainidle,andthehabitofseeingidlenessasavicehasendured.Atthebeginningofthegreatslump,whenForbesthePrimeMinister,shockedatwhatthehadseenofthe“dole”duringavisittoEngland,declaredthatsolongasheretainedofficetherewouldbenopaymentwithoutwork,hiswordsappealedtoamoralpreceptdeeplyinculcatednotonlyinthemindsofreactionariesbutofmanyradicalsaswell.

1.OneresultofNewZealand’sefforttoabolishpovertyis______.

2.Somehighabilitypeoplepreferacareeroverseasbecauseof______.

3.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribestheNewZealandsociety?

4.NewZealandisnotaclasslesssocietyinthat______.

5.Ifpeoplebelievethatworkhasavirtueinitsownright,theywilldoallthefollowingEXCEPT______.

問題1選項

A.sharpdifferencesbetweentherichandthepoor

B.theegalitarianidealbecomesincompatible

C.careoftheunderdogbecomesmoreimportant

D.skilllearningandself-improvementarenotdesired

問題2選項

A.fiercecompetitionathome

B.highersocialstatusoverseas

C.moreopportunitiesabroad

D.monetaryrewardathome

問題3選項

A.Ostentation

B.Eccentricity

C.Individuality

D.Conformity

問題4選項

A.snobberyisdiscouragedeverywhereinNewZealand

B.peoplewithmorewealthseemtoenjoyahighsocialstatus

C.thedifferencebetweentherichandthepoorisgreat

D.NewZealandersdon’thaveapermanentsourceofincome

問題5選項

A.seeidlenessasavice

B.trytheirbestnottobeidle

C.notacceptaprivilegedclass

D.inquireintosocialdistinctions

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】細節事實題。由題干可以定位到文中第一段第三句Successivegovernmentsmayclaimwithsomejusticetohaveabolishedpoverty,butthishasnotbeendonewithouttheretakingplaceanarrowingofmarginsbetweentherewardsforskilledandunskilledlabor,withitsconsequentdenialofincentivetoacquireskill,tostriveforself-improvement(歷屆政府可能會不無道理地宣稱已經消除了貧困,但這一切都發生在對熟練工人和非熟練工人的報酬差距縮小的情況下,這就剝奪了人們獲得技能、追求自我提高的動力)。D選項“技能學習和自我提高都不受歡迎”,文章第一段提到,消除貧困的結果就是剝奪了人們獲得技能,追求自我提高的動力,D選項正確。A選項“貧富之間的巨大差異”,文章沒有提到此內容,可排除。C選項“照顧弱者變得更加重要”,文章所說,照顧弱者早已成為比其他許多國家更重要的考慮因素,而不是消除貧困所帶來的結果,可排除。因此D選項正確。

2.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】細節事實題。由題干可以定位到文中第三段第一句Thefactisoftendeploredthatsomanyyoungmenofthehighestabilityprefertotakeupacareeroverseas,butitisdoubtfulwhetherhighersalarieswouldstemtheirexodusinmorethanaminordegree(事實往往令人遺憾的是,如此多的最有能力的年輕人寧愿在海外工作,但更高的薪水是否能阻止他們離開,而不僅僅是一個次要學位,這是值得懷疑的)。C選項“更多的機會在國外”,從文章來看,文章提到無論金錢的高低,知識精英們都會被誘惑到國外去尋找比新西蘭這樣一個小國更廣闊的領域,也就可以推測,海外有更多的機會,C選項的內容符合文章所說。A選項“國內競爭激烈”,文章沒有提到這個內容,可排除。B選項“海外較高的社會地位”,文章沒有提到此內容,B選項可排除。D選項“國內的金錢回報”,文章所說,無論經濟回報的高低,知識精英們都會被誘惑到國外去,D選項可排除。因此C選項正確。

3.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】細節事實題。由題干可以定位到文章第四段倒數第三句Theruleofconformityprevails,andiftheAmericanwriter,SydneyGreenbie,istobebelieved,ithasalreadyproducedaconsiderablemeasureofstandardizationamongtheinhabitantsoftheDominion.(順從的原則占上風,如果美國作家西德尼?格林比的話可信的話,它已經在自治領居民中產生了相當程度的標準化)。D選項“遵守;符合”,從文章來看,新西蘭社會中順從原則會占上風,可推測,遵守最能描述新西蘭社會,D選項正確。A選項“賣弄;虛飾”,文章沒有提到這一點,A選項可排除。B選項“古怪;怪癖”,文章沒有提到此內容,可排除B選項。C選項“個性;個人”,文章所說強烈的個性或怪癖在新西蘭人身上很少有明顯的表現,即使有,這些品質也得到容忍而不是贊賞,可排除C選項。因此D選項正確。

4.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】細節事實題。由題干可以定位到文章第五段倒數第二句Resultsofasurveyinwhichacrosssectionofthepublicwasaskedtoansweraseriesofappositequestionsshowed,forexample,thatdoctors,lawyers,andbigbusinessmenweregradedaboveheadsofGovernmentDepartments,clergymen,anduniversityprofessors;thatofficeworkersratedhigherthanshopassistants,minersthanwharflaborers,andsoon.(醫生、律師、大商人等級高于政府部門負責人、神職人員、大學教授”等一系列相關問題的調查結果顯示,“醫生、律師、大商人等級高于政府部門負責人、神職人員、大學教授等級”;辦公室工作人員比店員得分高,礦工比碼頭工人得分高,等等)。也就可以推測,新西蘭社會是存在著階級關系,并且造成階級關系明顯的就是貧富差距。C選項“富人和窮人之間的差別很大”,符合文章內容,貧富差距造成的階級關系,C選項正確。A選項“在新西蘭,勢利是不受歡迎的”,文章所說,勢力如果被禁止,那么它就會在別的地方新出現,可排除A選項。B選項“富有的人似乎享有較高的社會地位”,文章沒有提到富人會享受更高的社會地位,B選項可排除。D選項“新西蘭人沒有固定的收入來源”,文章沒有提到此內容,可排除。因此C選項正確。

5.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章最后一段。D選項“探究社會差異”,文章沒有提到這個內容,人們不會去探究社會的差異,D選項正確。A選項“把懶惰看成一種惡習”,可以定位到文章第六段第二句Itwasindeedacrimetoremainidle,andthehabitofseeingidlenessasavicehasendured.(整天無所事事確實是一種罪過,把無所事事視為惡習的習慣一直存在著),也就是把懶惰看成一種惡習,A選項正確。B選項“盡量不閑著”,文章第六段第一句workhasavirtueinitsownright,withoutregardtoitsusefulness.(工作本身有一種優點,不管它有沒有用處),當人們把工作視為一種美德的時候,那么可推測,人們會自愿出去工作,B選項可排除。C選項“不接受特權階級”,文章第六段第一句Aprivilegedclassbeingalsoaleisuredclass,itsrejectionisinkeepingwithadeep-seatedbelief.(特權階級也是一個悠閑的階級,對它的排斥與一種根深蒂固的信念是一致的),可推測如果人們去工作,便不會接受特權,C選項可排除。因此D選項正確。

6.單選題

)thatmanyanimalsseemtobehighlysensitivetovarioussignalsassociatedwithearthquakes,thebasicquestionremainsofhowthisbehaviorcanbeputtouseinearthquakeprediction.

問題1選項

A.Considering

B.Provided

C.Granted

D.Assuming

【答案】C

【解析】動詞詞義辨析題。A選項的consideringthat“鑒于……,就……而論,考慮到”;B選項的providedthat“如果,條件是,倘若”;C選項的grantedthat“即使,假定”;D選項的assumingthat“假定”。根據句意‘即使許多動物似乎對于地震有關的各種信號具有高度的敏感性,根本問題仍然是如何能將此習性在預報地震中加以運用’確定C選項正確。

7.單選題

Hesaiditwasimportanttoputinthehours,butitwasnotjustthehoursthat(

).

問題1選項

A.affected

B.counted

C.focused

D.faltered

【答案】B

【解析】動詞辨析題。affect“影響,感染,感動”;count“計算,認為,起作用,值得考慮”;focus“使集中,使聚焦”;falter“支吾地說,畏縮,蹣跚”。根據句意‘他說,投入時間是重要的,但是(

)不只是時間。’確定B選項count“起作用”正確。

8.單選題

Itistimethatsomeonemadehim(

)oftheeffectsofhisactions.

問題1選項

A.unconscious

B.aware

C.assured

D.thoughtful

【答案】B

【解析】考察形容詞詞義辨析。unconscious“無意識的;失去知覺的”;aware“意識到的;知道的”;assured“確定的;自信的”;thoughtful“體貼的”。句意:應該有人使他意識到他的行為的影響了。選項B符合題意。

9.單選題

Thiscountry'sdevelopmentofsciencewasgreatlyunderminedforlargenumbersofscientific()wereejectedfromtheirmotherlandsincethedictatorcameintopower.

問題1選項

A.galaxy

B.elite

C.personnel

D.swarm

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A:galaxy“銀河”;B:elite“精英”;C:personnel“全體人員”;D:swarm“一大群”。句意:這個國家的科學發展受到嚴重破壞,因為自從獨裁者掌握政權,大量的科學精英就離開了故鄉。由句意可知B為正確答案。

10.單選題

Alanisagoodfootballplayerandneverbreaks______.

問題1選項

A.legal

B.regulations

C.limitation

D.agreement

【答案】B

【解析】【試題解析】考查詞義辨析。A選項legal“法律的;合法的”;B選項regulations“規則,法規”;C選項limitation“起限制作用的規則(limitationsonimports進口限制)”;D選項agreement“協定,協議”。句意:艾倫是一個優秀的足球運動員,從不違反______。根據語境,這里指的是艾倫從不違反足球比賽的規則,B選項regulations“規則”符合題意。C選項limitation強調的是限制,不符合語境。因此B選項正確。

11.單選題

ItwaswithgreatdelightthatIreadinyourFebruary()thelettertotheeditorwrittenbyProf.Johnson.

問題1選項

A.issue

B.printing

C.magazine

D.copy

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A:issue“(報刊或雜志)期刊”;B:printing“印刷;印刷術”;C:magazine“雜志”;D:copy“一份;復制品”。句意:非常高興拜讀了貴刊二月的一期中所登載有關約翰遜教授致編輯的信。結合此處語義,A為正確答案。

12.單選題

Understandingtheflexibilityofaprospectivepartner'snegotiateddealstermsprovidescriticalinsightintothenegotiationprocess()whatyoucanexpecttoachieveduringthenegotiationofterms.

問題1選項

A.intermsof

B.incaseof

C.infavorof

D.inviewof

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞組辨析。intermsof依據,在…方面;incaseof以免;infavorof有利于,支持;inviewof鑒于,考慮到。句意:從談判的過程中,你期待能實現的事情的方面,了解潛在合作伙伴的談判條件的靈活性為談判過程提供了重要的視角。空格后的內容是談判的一方面,故A項正確。

13.單選題

Eventhoughtheinvestigationhasbeengoingonfortwomonths,thepolicehave()nofurtherdetailsabouttheaccident.

問題1選項

A.comprised

B.formulated

C.released

D.incorporated

【答案】C

【解析】動詞辨析。comprised包含,由...組成;formulated構想出,規劃;released發布,發行;incorporated包含,把...合并。根據句意可知警方是沒有“發布”消息。故選C。

14.單選題

Readthefollowingtwolettersofajournal’seditorialhouse.

LetterOneTo:Dr.ABBrown,

Editor,Journalof...

Re:ManuscriptNumber…

Title...

Authors…

DearDr.Brown,

Thepaperdescribes…Thisisatopicwhichwouldbenefitfromadditionalworksuchasthatdescribedinthemanuscript.However,amajorconcernwiththepaperistheinterpretationandreferencingoftheliteratureintheIntroductionandDiscussion.RelatedtothisisalackofintegrationwithpreviousworktoexplainaspectsoftheMethods.Thepaperneedsre-interpretationafterathoroughinvestigationoftheliterature.Irecommendthatthepaperinitscurrentformberejectedbutbelievethatitmaybesuitableforyourjournalaftermajorrevision.

Introduction

TheIntroductionhasincorrectlycited[Brownetal.(1981.)]whoactuallyshowedthat…

Methods

FactorsrelevanttothechoiceofMethodsare:1)howoldweretheculturesthatwereused?2)Doestheageoftheculturematerialaffecttheresults?

Results

ThemainclaimbytheauthorsthattheirResultsshowedthat…isnotcorrect.Theirstatementthattheresultsshow...needscorrection.

Discussion

RelevantreferencesseemtohavebeenoverlookedinboththeIntroductionandDiscussionsections,including…

Otherqueriesandsuggestionsarepenciledonthemanuscript.

Yourssincerely,CDSmith

LetterTwoFrom:Dr.ABBrown,

Editor,Journalof...

DearDr.Zhu,

Ienclosethereferees’reportsonyourpaperentitled...Therefereesagreethatthepapercontainsmuchgoodmaterial.However,theyhaverecommendedthatitneedsconsiderablerevisionbeforeitcanbepublished.Inparticular,Idrawtoyourattentionthefollowingcommentsbythereferees.

Referee1:

TheMethodssectiondoesnotgivesufficientinformation,particularlyaboutthesamplingmethodsused.

TheresultsinTables1and2arecloselyrelatedandcanbecombinedintoasingletable.

Theconclusionthatthereisastrongpositivecorrelationbetweenthenumberoforganismsandsoilsalinityneedsastrongerstatisticalbasis.

TheresultsinFigure3areverypreliminary—thisreallyrequiresanothersurvey.Ifthisisnotpossible,theFigureshouldbedeleted.

Referee2:

ThereareinadequaciesintheMethodssection,asindicatedonthetypescript

TheDiscussionisnotwellfocusedanddoesnotincludesomeimportantrelevantpublications,e.g.Jonesetal.(2000).‘...’intheJournalof...

Theconclusionisinterestingbutcanbegreatlystrengthened.Inparticular,thefindingsaredifferentfromthoseofWalteretal.(1997)intheJournalof…,astudydoneintheUSA.TheworkinyourpaperisinfactthefirststudyofitskindoutsideEuropeandNorthAmericaandthisshouldbehighlighted.

Thereareothercommentsintheenclosedreports,andsomecorrectionshavebeenmadetotheEnglishonthetypescripts.Ifyoucanrevisethepaperalongthelinessuggestedandresubmitby...thenIwillconsideritsacceptabilityforpublicationintheJournalwithoutfurtherreferencetoreferees.

However,additionalrefereeingmaybenecessary.

Ilookforwardtohearingfromyou.

Yourssincerely,ABBrown36.ByintegratingLetterTwo,wecanfigureoutthatthewriterofLetterOneis______.

37.AccordingtoLetterOne,willthesubmittedpaperbeaccepted?

38.TworefereesbothagreethattheMethodsSectionofthepaperis______.

39.DifferentfromReferee1,Referee2alsoaddressedsomepointstobehighlightedintheConclusionSectionlike______.

40.Afterfinishinguptherequiredrevisions,thesubmittedpaperwill______.

問題1選項

A.Referee1

B.Referee2

C.Editor

D.Unclear

問題2選項

A.No.

B.Yes,withsomeminorrevision.

C.Yes,butinneedofconsiderablerevision.

D.No,suggestingtheauthortosubmittoanotherjournal.

問題3選項

A.problematicwithinadequateinformation

B.well-written

C.overlydelicate

D.notwellfocused

問題4選項

A.“Inneedofstatisticalanalysestosupportthestrongpositivecorrelation”

B.“Elaboratinguponthispart”

C.“Beingmorefocused”

D.“Stressingitspioneeringinnon-Westerncountries”

問題5選項

A.undergoanotherroundofpeerreviewing

B.bedirectlyaccepted

C.stillpossiblyreceiveadditionalrefereeing

D.notmentionedintheletter

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】36.【選項釋義】

36.ByintegratingLetterTwo,wecanfigureoutthatthewriterofLetterOneis______.36.結合第二封信,我們可以得出第一封信的作者是______。

A.Referee1A.審稿人1

B.Referee2B.審稿人2

C.EditorC.編輯

D.UnclearD.不清楚

【考查點】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據第一封信中的discussion部分提到的“在引言和討論部分,相關的參考文獻似乎都被忽略了”,以及第二封信對referee2的描述“討論的重點不明確,也沒有包括一些重要的相關出版物(relevantpublications)”,我們可以推測出第一封信的作者是referee2,因此該題選擇B項正確。

【干擾項排除】A、C、D選項均不符合原文,屬于曲解原文。

37.【選項釋義】

37.AccordingtoLetterOne,willthesubmittedpaperbeaccepted?37.根據第一封信,提交的論文會被接受嗎?

A.No.A.不會。

B.Yes,withsomeminorrevision.B.是的,稍微修改了一下。

C.Yes,butinneedofconsiderablerevision.C.是的,但需要大量修改。

D.No,suggestingtheauthortosubmittoanotherjournal.D.不會,建議作者向其他雜志投稿。

【考查點】事實細節題。

【解題思路】LetterOne中第一段最后一句提到“以目前的形式,我建議拒絕這篇論文(rejected),但相信經過大量修改后,它可能適合您的期刊”,可知,提交的論文會被拒絕,而且需要大量修改。因此,該題選擇A項正確。

【干擾項排除】

B、C選項與原文相反,屬于反向干擾;

D選項中“建議作者向其他雜志投稿”沒提到,屬于無中生有。

38.【選項釋義】

38.TworefereesbothagreethattheMethodsSectionofthepaperis______.38.兩位審稿人都同意論文的方法部分是______。

A.problematicwithinadequateinformationA.信息不足的問題

B.well-writtenB.寫的很好

C.overlydelicateC.過于精細

D.notwellfocusedD.不是很關注

【考查點】事實細節題。

【解題思路】根據LetterTwo中兩位referee對方法部分的描述,referee1認為“方法部分沒有提供足夠的信息(TheMethodssectiondoesnotgivesufficientinformation)”,referee2認為“方法部分有不足之處(ThereareinadequaciesintheMethodssection)”;綜合理解可知,兩位審稿人都認為論文方法部分信息不足,A項正確。

【干擾項排除】

B選項與原文相反,屬于反向干擾;

C、D選項沒有提及,屬于無中生有。

39.【選項釋義】

39.DifferentfromReferee1,Referee2alsoaddressedsomepointstobehighlightedintheConclusionSectionlike______.39.與審稿人1不同的是,審稿人2也在結論部分強調了一些要點,如______。

A.“Inneedofstatisticalanalysestosupportthestrongpositivecorrelation”A.“需要統計分析來支持強烈的正相關”

B.“Elaboratinguponthispart”B.“闡述此部分”

C.“Beingmorefocused”C.“更關注”

D.“Stressingitspioneeringinnon-Westerncountries”D.“強調其在非西方國家的開拓性”

【考查點】事實細節題。

【解題思路】定位LetterTwo中對referee2的描述,根據最后一句“你論文中的工作實際上是第一個在歐洲和北美以外(outsideEuropeandNorthAmerica)的同類研究,這一點應該得到強調(shouldbehighlighted)”,可知,審稿人2認為應該強調論文中的研究實際上是除歐洲和北美之外的關于這方面的第一個研究,D項與原文表達相同。因此,該題選擇D項正確。

【干擾項排除】A、B、C選項均不符合原文,屬于曲解原文。

40.【選項釋義】

40.Afterfinishinguptherequiredrevisions,thesubmittedpaperwill______.40.完成要求的修改后,提交的論文將______。

A.undergoanotherroundofpeerreviewingA.接受另一輪同行評審

B.bedirectlyacceptedB.直接接受

C.stillpossiblyreceiveadditionalrefereeingC.還可能受到額外的審稿

D.notmentionedintheletterD.信中沒有提到

【考查點】事實細節題。

【解題思路】根據LetterTwo最后一句“但是,可能需要額外的審稿(additionalrefereeingmaybenecessary)”,可知,按照要求修改論文后可能還有其他的審稿程序,C項與原文表達相同。因此,該題選擇C項正確。

【干擾項排除】

A選項中的“同行評審”沒有提到,屬于無中生有;

B選項與原文相反,屬于反向干擾;

D選項也屬于反向干擾,文中提到了這一點。

15.單選題

Takethecaseofpubliceducationalone.Theprincipaldifficultyfacedbytheschoolshasbeenthetremendousincreaseinthenumberofpupils.Thishasbeencausedbytheadvanceofthelegalageforgoingintoindustryandtheimpossibilityoffindingajobevenwhenthelegalagehasbeenreached.Inviewofthetechnologicalimprovementsinthelastfewyears,businesswillrequireinthefutureproportionatelyfewerworkersthaneverbefore.Theresultwillbestillfurtherraisingofthelegalageforgoingintoemployment,andstillfurtherdifficultyinfindingemploymentwhenthatagehasbeenattained.Ifwecannotputourchildrentowork,wemustputtheminschool.

Wemayalsobequiteconfidentthatthepresenttrendtowardashorterdayandashorterweekwillbemaintained.Wehavedevelopedandshallcontinuetohaveanewleisureclass.Alreadythepublicagenciesforadulteducationareswampedbythetidethathassweptoverthemsincethedepressionbegan.Theywillbelittlebetteroffwhenitisover.Theirsupportmustcomefromthetaxpayer.

Itissurelytoomuchtohopethattheseincreasesinthecostofpubliceducationcanbebornebythelocalcommunities.Theycannotcareforthepresentrestrictedandinadequatesystem.Thelocalcommunitieshavefailedintheireffortstocopewithunemployment.Theycannotexpecttocopewithpubliceducationonthescaleonwhichwemustattemptit.TheanswertotheproblemofunemploymenthasbeenFederalrelief.Theanswertotheproblemofpubliceducationmayhavetobemuchthesame,andproperlyso.Ifthereisonethinginwhichthecitizensofallpartsofthecountryhaveaninterest,itisinthedecenteducationofthecitizensofallpartsofthecountry.Ourincometaxnowgoesinparttokeepourneighborsalive.Itmayhavetogoinpartaswelltomakeourneighborsintelligent.WearenowattemptingtopreservethepresentgenerationthroughFederalreliefofthedestitute(貧民).OnlyapeopledeterminedtoruinthenextgenerationwillrefusesuchFederalfundsaspubliceducationmayrequire.

1.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

2.Whatisthereasonfortheincreaseinthenumberofstudents?

3.Thepublicagenciesforadulteducationwillbelittlebetteroffbecause(

).

4.Accordingtotheauthor,theanswertotheproblemofpubliceducationisthattheFederalgovernment

).

5.Whydoestheauthorsay“OnlyapeopledeterminedtoruinthenextgenerationwillrefusesuchFederalfundsaspubliceducationmayrequire”(Lines11-13,Para.3)(

).

問題1選項

A.Howtopersuadelocalcommunitiestoprovidemorefunds.

B.Howtocopewiththeshortageoffundsforpubliceducation.

C.Howtoimprovethepubliceducationsystem.

D.Howtosolvetherisingunemploymentproblem.

問題2選項

A.Therequirementofeducatedworkersbybusiness.

B.Thetrendtowardashorterworkday.

C.Raisingofthelegalageforgoingtowork.

D.People’sconcernforthefutureofthenextgeneration.

問題3選項

A.theunemployedaretoopoortocontinuetheireducation

B.anewleisureclasshasdeveloped

C.theyarestillsufferingfromthedepression

D.anincreaseintaxescouldbeaproblem

問題4選項

A.shouldallocateFederalfundsforpubliceducation

B.shoulddemandthatlocalcommunitiesprovidesupport

C.shouldraisetaxestomeettheneedsofpubliceducation

D.shouldfirstofallsolvetheproblemofunemployment

問題5選項

A.OnlybyappropriatinganadequateFederalfundsforeducationcanthenextgenerationhaveabrightfuture.

B.CitizensatallpartsofthecountryagreethatthebestwaytosupporteducationistouseFederalfunds.

C.Peoplealloverthecountryshouldmakecontributionstoeducationintheinterestofthenextgeneration.

D.EducatedpeoplearedeterminedtousepartoftheFederalfundstohelpthepoor.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:A

【解析】第1題:主旨大意題。本文主要講的是法定就業年齡的提高以及就業難度大等問題導致更多的人轉而接受教育。但是由于經濟大蕭條的原因,公共機構以及社區無法為教育提供資金。作者認為只有依靠聯邦救濟才能解決問題。選項A“如何說服當地社區提供更多的資金”顯然不符合原文;選項C“如何完善公共教育體系”不正確,本文主要涉及的是資金問題而不是教育體系的問題;選項D“如何解決日益嚴重的失業問題”不是本文的重點,本文的重點是解決教育資金短缺的問題,所以選項D不正確,選項B“如何解決公共教育經費短缺的問題”正確。

第2題:細節事實題。根據第一段的二三句“Theprincipaldifficultyfacedbytheschoolshasbeenthetremendousincreaseinthenumberofpupils.Thishasbeencausedbytheadvanceofthelegalageforgoingintoindustryandtheimpossibilityoffindingajobevenwhenthelegalagehasbeenreached.”學校面臨的主要困難是學生人數的大量增加。這是由于進入工業的法定年齡提高了,即使到了法定年齡也不可能找到工作。選項C符合原文。

第3題:細節事實題。根據關鍵詞“publicagenciesforadulteducation”定位到第二段的內容“Theywillbelittlebetteroffwhenitisover.Theirsupportmustcomefromthetaxpayer.”當一切結束時,他們(成人教育公共機構)的境況也不會好多少。他們的支持必須來自納稅人。由此可知,他們的主要問題在于稅收,而涉及稅收的只有選項D。

第4題:判斷推理題。根據最后一段中的“TheanswertotheproblemofunemploymenthasbeenFederalrelief.Theanswertotheproblemofpubliceducationmayhavetobemuchthesame,andproperlyso.”解決失業問題的辦法是聯邦救濟。公共教育問題的答案可能必須也是一樣的,而且確實如此。由此可推斷,聯邦政府應該為公共教育籌集聯邦資金。選項A正確。

第5題:判斷推理題。這句話的意思是“只有一個決心毀滅下一代的民族才會拒絕接受公共教育可能需要的聯邦資金”,也就是說只有撥出足夠的聯邦資金來扶持教育,我們的下一代才能有光明的前途。選項A正確;選項B中的“Citizensatallpartsofthecountry”表述錯誤,這個觀點只是作者提出的,原文也沒有提及全體公民都同意這一觀點;選項C“為了下一代的利益,全國人民應該為教育做出貢獻”不符合原文,作者的觀點是聯邦資金扶持教育而不是全國人民作出貢獻;選項D“受過教育的人決心用聯邦基金的一部分來幫助窮人”在文中沒有信息涉及,所以不正確。

16.翻譯題

II.(本題3段,每段10分)

HumanisticpsychologyHumanisticpsychologistsbelievethatbehavioristsareover-concernedwiththescientificstudyandanalysisoftheactionsofmanasanorganism,totheneglectofbasicaspectsofmanasafeeling,thinkingindividual,andthattoomucheffortisspentinlaboratoryresearch,whichquantifiesandreduceshumanbehaviortoitselements.Humanistsalsotakeissuewiththedeterministicorientationofpsychoanalysis,whichpostulatesthatman’searlyexperiencesanddrivesdeterminehisbehavior.Humaniststendtobelievethattheindividualisresponsibleforhislifeandactionsandmaytimecreativelychangehisattitudesorbehaviorthroughawarenessandwill.Thehumanistisconcernedwiththefullestgrowthoftheindividualintheareasoflove,fulfillment,self-worth,andautonomy;maturationisconsideredaprocessduringwhichoneestablishesandfollowsone’ssystemofvalues.

ExperimentmethodTheexperimentisaresearchinwhichtheinvestigatormanipulatesavariablecarefullycontrolledconditionsandobserveswhetheranychangesoccurinasecondvariableasaresult.Thus,thepurposeofanexperimentistofindouthowonevariable,let’scallitX,affectsanothervariable,whichwe’llcallY.Inthisformulation,werefertoXastheindependentvariabletoYasthedependentvariable.Anindependentvariableisaconditionoreventthatanexperimentervariesinordertoseeitsimpactonanothervariable.Agoodshortcutforsortingouttheindependentvariablesinexperimentsistofitthevariablesintotheequation“HowXaffectsY.”

IntelligenceIntelligencereferstocognitiveabilitiesofanindividualtolearnfromexperience,toreasonwell,andtocopeeffectivelywiththedemandsofdailyliving.Inshort,intelligencehastodowithhowwellapersonisabletousecognitionincopingwiththeworld.The

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