撥云去霧研說明文學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)：學(xué)習(xí)說明文中長(zhǎng)句變短句的方法。英語說明文的文體特征：（1）單詞的拼寫比較長(zhǎng)；（2）句子比較長(zhǎng)；（3）經(jīng)常使用復(fù)合句式，較少使用簡(jiǎn)單句式；（4）較多地使用非謂語動(dòng)詞。就可讀性而言，說明文閱讀難度系數(shù)比記敘文高很多。2019

短文介紹了英國(guó)自然環(huán)境的改變導(dǎo)致了鳥類和野生動(dòng)物數(shù)量減少，引發(fā)了人們對(duì)是否要讓英國(guó)重回野生環(huán)境的討論。57.WhyaretherefewerbirdsandsmallanimalsinfieldsintheUK?A.Becausemoretreeshavebeenplanted.B.Becausetherearemorelargewildanimals.C.Becausepollutionismuchworsethanbefore.D.Becausepeopleusenewmethodsoffarming.....NowthepopulationoftheUnitedKingdomhasincreasedtosixty-fivemillion.Three-quartersofBritainiscoveredwithfields,townsorcities.Although25percentoflandiscountryside,newmethodsoffarmingmeanthattherearefewerbirdsandsmallanimalslivinginfieldsthaneverbefore.TheUnitedKingdomisoneofthefewcountriesintheworldthatdoesnothavealargewildanimalthateatsmeat.InScotlandthereareonly400wildcats,butthesearemuchsmallerthanwolves.鎖定答案搜索范圍讀懂說明文的秘笈：長(zhǎng)句變短句

長(zhǎng)句變短句Step1:確定句子成分Now(時(shí)間狀語)thepopulation(主語)oftheUnitedKingdom(介詞短語做定語后置)hasincreased(謂語)tosixty-fivemillion(介詞短語做表語).

長(zhǎng)句變短句Step2:去定語和狀語Now(時(shí)間狀語)thepopulationoftheUnitedKingdom(介詞短語做定語后置)hasincreased(謂語)tosixty-fivemillion(介詞短語做表語)......thepopulation......hasincreasedtosixty-fivemillion.

Although(引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句)25percentoflandiscountryside,newmethodsoffarmingmeanthattherearefewerbirdsandsmallanimalslivinginfieldsthaneverbefore.

長(zhǎng)句變短句Step1:去狀語/定語從句，留主句。Although(引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句)25percentoflandiscountryside,newmethodsoffarmingmeanthattherearefewerbirdsandsmallanimalslivinginfieldsthaneverbefore....newmethodsoffarmingmeanthattherearefewerbirdsandsmallanimalslivinginfieldsthaneverbefore.

長(zhǎng)句變短句Step2:去主句中的狀語/定語+3不去...new(定語)methods(主語)offarming(介詞短語做定語后置)mean(謂語)

that(引導(dǎo)賓語從句)therearefewer(定語)birds(主語)

and(表并列)

small(定語)animals(主語)living(伴隨狀語)infields(地點(diǎn)狀語)thaneverbefore(比較狀語)....methods..meanthat(引導(dǎo)賓語從句)therearefewerbirdsandsmallanimals.....infields.你能找出正確的答案了嗎？...methods..meanthat(引導(dǎo)賓語從句)therearefewerbirdsandsmallanimals.....infields.57.WhyaretherefewerbirdsandsmallanimalsinfieldsintheUK?A.Becausemoretreeshavebeenplanted.B.Becausetherearemorelargewildanimals.C.Becausepollutionismuchworsethanbefore.D.Becausepeopleusenewmethodsoffarming.√2017短文介紹了交通信號(hào)燈采用紅、黃、綠的原因()58.Whydoesredmeandanger?A.Becauseit'sthebrightestcolor.B.Becauseitcanbeseenfaraway.C.Becauserailwaycompaniessayso.D.Becauseithastheshortestwavelength.

Redhasalwaysbeenacolorthatmeantdanger,longbeforecarswereevenaround.Thismostlikelystartedbecauseit'sthecolorwiththelongestwavelength(波長(zhǎng))soitcanbeseensomewherefartherthanothercolors.鎖定答案搜索范圍Redhasalwaysbeenacolorthatmeantdanger,longbefore(引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句)carswereevenaround.

長(zhǎng)句變短句Step1:有定/狀從句，先去從句。Redhasalwaysbeenacolorthatmeantdanger,......Step2:確定句子成分。Red(主語)hasalways(adv.做狀語，在助動(dòng)詞后，行為動(dòng)詞前)been(系動(dòng)詞)acolor(表語)that(引導(dǎo)定語從句)meantdanger,......Step3：去定/狀語，但要保留與題目有關(guān)的定/狀語。Red(主語)hasalways(adv.做狀語，在助動(dòng)詞后，行為動(dòng)詞前)been(系動(dòng)詞)acolor(表語)that(引導(dǎo)定語從句)meantdanger,......Redhas...beenacolor(表語)that(引導(dǎo)定語從句)meantdanger,......Thismostlikelystartedbecause(引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句)it'sacolorwiththelongestwavelengthsoitcanbeseensomewherefartherthanothercolors.Step1:because從句與題目有直接關(guān)系，不能去，要重點(diǎn)分析。Step2:確定句子成分。This(主語)mostlikely(狀語)started(謂語)because(引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句)it's(主語、系動(dòng)詞)acolor(表語)withthelongestwavelength(介詞短語做定語后置)so(表結(jié)果)it(主語)canbeseen(謂語)somewhere(狀語)farther(狀語)thanothercolors(比較狀語).Step3:so引導(dǎo)的并列句，表結(jié)果，重點(diǎn)在so后的句子。去掉so前面的句子，而且so也去掉。This(主語)mostlikely(狀語)started(謂語)because(引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句)it's(主語、系動(dòng)詞)acolor(表語)withthelongestwavelength(介詞短語做定語后置)so(表結(jié)果)it(主語)canbeseen(謂語)somewhere(狀語)farther(狀語)thanothercolors(比較狀語).Thismostlikelstartedbecause....

itcanbeseen.Step4:去定/狀語。Thismostlikely(狀語)startedbecause....

itcanbeseen.Thisstartedbecause....

itcanbeseen.()58.Whydoesredmeandanger?A.Becauseit'sthebrightestcolor.B.Becauseitcanbeseenfaraway.C.Becauserailwaycompaniessayso.D.Becauseithastheshortestwavelength.你能找出正確答案了嗎？Redhas...beenacolor(表語)that(引導(dǎo)定語從句)meantdanger,....Thisstartedbecause....itcanbeenseen.√WatchoutforwildonesWeshouldn'teatwildanimals.Thenovalcoronaviruspneumonia(NCP)hasalreadymadetensofthousandsofpeoplesick.Wheredidtheviruscomefrom?Scientistssayitprobablycamefrombats.

Batscancarrythetransmit(傳播)morethan60virusthatcaninfect(傳染)humans,LiveSciencenoted.Theyincludetheworld'sdeadlieatviruses,suchasEbolaandHIV.Duetotheirstrongimmunesystems(免疫系統(tǒng)),batsareabletohostthesevorusesandnotgetsick.Atthesametime,theviruseskeepdevelopinginsidethebatstocreatnewvariants(變體).Thesevariantscantheninfectnewhosts,suchasotherwildanimals.Pangilins(穿山甲)，forexample,mightbeanintermediatehost(中間宿主)forNCP,accordingtoarecentstudybyChinesescientists.Thismeansthatbatsmighthavegiventhevirustopangolins,withpangolinsthenspreadingittohumans.

Wildanimalslikesnakes,hedgehos(刺猬)andbambooratsalsocarryvariousviruses.Butsince(=because)theyliveinthewild,thereshouldbelittlechanceforhumanstocomeintocontactwiththemandgetinfected-unlesstheanimalsareeatenorusedtomakeanimalproducts.Whenpeoplehunt,buyandeatwildanimals,theycaninroduce(=infect傳染)virusestotherestofthepopulation.Butthisdoesn'tmeanthatweshouldkillwildanimals.Eachspecieshasaroleintheecosystem(生態(tài)系統(tǒng))andallofthemareimportantinkeepinganaturalecologicalbalance.Thelessonwecanlearnfromdiseaseoutbreaksistorespectandprotectanimalsandtoliveinharmonywiththeminsteadofhunting,killing,oreatingthem.Testtime:Accordingtothestory,whatlessonshouldhumanslearn?A.Reasearchmoreaboutwildanimals.B.Exerciseregularlytostayhealthy.C.Stopkeepinganimalsaspets.D.Don'tbuyoreatwildanimals......Thelessonwecanlearnfromdiseaseoutbreaksistorespectandprotectanimalsandtoliveinharmonywiththeminsteadofhunting,killing,oreatingthem.

.....Thelessonwecanlearnfromdiseaseoutbreaks(定語從句)istorespectandprotectanimalsandtoliveinharmonywiththeminsteadofhunting,killing,oreatingthem(狀語).Thelesson