書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區的她考研考博-英語-昆明衛生職業學院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共100題)1.單選題

Lacking（

）politicalgoals,thetwopartiesquarreled.

問題1選項

A.intricate

B.coherent

C.intrinsic

D.distinct

【答案】B

【解析】形容詞辨析題。A選項intricate“復雜的”；B選項coherent“連貫的，一致的”；C選項intrinsic“本質的，固有的”；D選項distinct“明顯的，獨特的”。句意：由于缺乏一致的政治目標，兩黨發生了爭吵。選項B更符合語境。

2.翻譯題

繼續推進農村稅費改革，減輕農民負擔，保護農民利益。

1996年，世界上海拔最高的現代化的、多功能的大型圖書館西藏自治區圖書館建成開館。

中國不尋求霸權或支配世界事務，而是倡導建立國際政治經濟新秩序。

不堅決懲治腐敗，黨同人民群眾的血肉聯系就會受到嚴重損害，黨的執政地位就有喪失的危險，黨就有可能走向自我毀滅。

維護祖國統一事關中華民族的根本利益。中國人民將義無反顧地捍衛國家主權和領土完整，絕不允許任何人以任何方式把臺灣從中國分裂出去。

【答案】Continuetopushforwardthereformofruraltaxesandfees,toalleviatefarmers’burdensandprotecttheinterestsofthefarmers.

In1996,alargemodemandmulti-functionallibraryofthehighestelevationintheworld,namelytheTibetAutonomousRegionLibrary,wasbuiltandopened.

Chinadoesnotseekhegemonyordominanceoverworldaffairs,butadvocatestoestablishanewinternationalpoliticalandeconomicorder.

Withoutresolutelypunishingcorruption,theflesh-bloodrelationshipbetweenourPartyandthepeoplewillbeseverelydamaged,therulingstatusofourPartyruntheriskoflossandourPartyislikelytoheadtowardself-destruction.

TosafeguardnationalunitybearsonthefundamentalinterestoftheChinesenation.WeChinesepeoplewillsafeguardourstatesovereigntyandterritorialintegritywithfirmresolve.WewillneverallowanyonetoseparateTaiwanfromChinainanyway.

3.單選題

Heusually（

）hisemotionsandappearscalm.

問題1選項

A.holdsup

B.holdsback

C.holdson

D.holdstight

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。holdup意為“舉起”；holdback意為“退縮，忍住，抑制住”；holdon意為“等一下，堅持不懈，握住”；holdtight意為“抓緊，抓牢，暫不行動”。

句意：他通常會控制自己的情緒，表現得很平靜。

4.單選題

Thesenatorwasaccusedofwafflingonmajorissues.

問題1選項

A.vaguing

B.stiffening

C.vacillating

D.reshuffling

【答案】A

【解析】考查同義形容詞辨析。A選項vaguing“模糊的，含糊的，不明確的，曖昧的”；B選項stiffening“變硬，（使）變粘稠”；C選項vacillating“躊躇的，搖擺的”；D選項reshuffling“重新安排，重新排序”。句意：這位參議員被指責在重大問題上含糊其辭。Waffling“優柔寡斷的，模糊不清的”，A選項與該詞意思最相近，因此A選項正確。

5.單選題

AntonioRatti,at78stillakingoftheItaliansilkindustry,oncewarnedhisemployees:“Don’tlet'sbecomefatandlazyliketheLyonnais”.Lyon,traditionalcenteroftheFrenchsilkindustrysince1536,risked“losingeverything’’,theItalianwarned.

Althoughhispredicationhasnotcometrue,theindustryisonlynowshowingsignsofrenewedvigorafterseeingitspre-eminenceslipoverthepast50years.Examplesoftherichropeandfabricsformerlysuppliedtoroyalcounts,popesandcardinalsareonshowinthecity'smuseum,butfewsilkcompaniessurviveonthehillsideabovetheRiverSeine.

WhileLyonandsurroundingRhoneAlpsregionremainthecenteroftheFrenchtextilesindustry,mostofthe650companiesand55,000workersinthesectordealinsyntheticfibers.Localproductionofrawsilkhasfadedalmosttonothing,leavingthefieldtoChina.Butbyallyingprovendesignstrengthswithmoreaggressivemarketing,specialistcompaniesareaimingtorecapturemarketsinluxuryandhighfashionproducts,suchasLyon-madeHermesscarves,andtoexploitthetrendtowardsmedium-pricedsilkgoods.

“AlltoooftentheLyonnaisadoptedtheattitudethatitwasforbuyerstocomeanddiscoverwhattheyhadtooffer/saysRonaldCurrieoftheLyon-basedInternationalSilkAssociation.

HisopinionthattheLyonnaisaremoreoutward-lookingisconfirmedbyGillesMalfroy,whoseMalfroyMillionsells3millionsilkscarvesayear,notablyinJapan.Itisalso

developingaChinesemarketbyofferingkeenlypricedqualitygoodsdifferentfromthosemass-producedbyChinese-Italianjointventures.“Priceisimportant.”Malfroysays,“Butpeopleworldwidealsowantvarietyandexclusivity”.Slowly,theFrencharemakinginroadsonthemarketshareamassedsince1945bytheItaliansilkindustry.Butwiththeirturnoveroflessthan$10millionayear,Lyon'sweaversandprintersarestilldwarfedbyRatti's$200millionturnover.

1.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,Lyonnais（

）.

2.What’sthemeaningof“slip”inparagraphtwo?

3.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?

4.SilkscarvesofMalfroyMillionsellwellbecauseof

（

）.

5.Itisimpliedbutnotstatedinthepassagethat（

）.

問題1選項

A.wereemployeesoftheFrenchtextileindustry

B.wereemployeesoftheItaliansilkindustry

C.wastheItaliansilkindustry

D.wastheFrenchsilkindustry

問題2選項

A.Anunintentionalandtrivialmistake

B.Movingquietlyandcautiously.

C.Afallfromsomelevelorstandard

D.Narrowstripofpaper.

問題3選項

A.TheFrenchsilkproductsaredisappearingfromtheworldmarket.

B.ThecenteroftheFrenchtextilesindustryischanging.

C.LuxurysilkproductshelpFrancetorecapturesilkmarket.

D.TheLyonnaishavenotrealizedthedangerbeforethem.

問題4選項

A.theirlowprice

B.theirexclusivedesign

C.theirhighquality

D.alloftheabove

問題5選項

A.themass-producedsilkgoodsislosingmarketinChina

B.MalfroyMillionisdevelopingaChinesemarketbyofferingkeenlypricedqualitygoods

C.Lyon'sweaversandprintersaredwarfedbyRatti'sbecauseoflessturnovers

D.theFrenchandtheItalianarecompetingwitheachotheratthemarketofChina.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】1.文章第一段Lyon,traditionalcenteroftheFrenchsilkindustrysince1536提到里昂自1536年來是法國的絲綢業的傳統中心，選項B和C是關于意大利的，可以排除；文章第一段里面Ratti對員工說，“希望我們不要成為像里昂那樣又胖又懶”，可知他本身也是法國紡織工業的一員。選項A符合題意。

2.slip出現在文章第二段第一句話：Althoughhispredicationhasnotcometrue,theindustryisonlynowshowingsignsofrenewedvigorafterseeingitspre-eminenceslipoverthepast50years，主要講述了里昂作為法國紡織業中心的興衰，renewedvigor“新的活力”，可以推斷在注入新的活力之前是經過了下滑，因此slip在這里的意思是“下滑”，選項C符合題意。

3.文章第三段最后一句specialistcompaniesareaimingtorecapturemarketsinluxuryandhighfashionproducts,suchasLyon-madeHermesscarves,andtoexploitthetrendtowardsmedium-pricedsilkgoods提到一些公司試圖通過奢侈品和高端的時尚產品重新占據市場，由此可以推斷出法國紡織業公司通過生產圍巾等來重新占據市場。選項C符合題意。

4.文章最后一段“Priceisimportant.”Malfroysays,“Butpeopleworldwidealsowantvarietyandexclusivity”提到價格、多樣性以及獨特性對于消費者來說都很重要。選項D符合題意。

5.題目的要求是下列哪個選項在文章中沒有直接講述，但是在文章中有暗示。文章最后一段ItisalsodevelopingaChinesemarketbyofferingkeenlypricedqualitygoodsdifferentfromthosemass-producedbyChinese-Italianjointventures提到Malfroy正在通過價格低質量高的商品來發展市場，這些商品與之前中意合資企業生產的商品不同，由此可以推測大批量的商品正在逐漸失去市場。選項A符合題意。

6.單選題

Awisemanoncesaidthattheonlythingnecessaryforthetriumphofevilisforgoodmentodonothing.So,asapoliceofficer,Ihavesomeurgentthingstosaytogoodpeople.

DayafterdaymymenandIstruggletoholdbackatidalwaveofcrime.Somethinghasgoneterriblywrongwithouronce—proudAmericanwayoflife.Ithashappenedintheareaofvalues.Akeyingredientisdisappearing,andIthinkIknowwhatitis:accountability.

Accountabilityisn’thardtodefine.Itmeansthateverypersonisresponsibleforhisorheractionsandliablefortheirconsequences.

Ofthemanyvaluesthatholdcivilizationtogether—honesty,kindness,andsoonaccountabilitymaybethemostimportantofall.Withoutit,therecanbenorespect,notrust,nolaw—and,ultimately,nosociety.

Myjobasapoliceofficeristoimposeaccountabilityofpeoplewhorefuse,orhaveneverlearned,toimposeitonthemselves.Butaseverypolicemanknows,externalcontrolsonpeople’sbehaviorarefarlesseffective,thatinternalrestrainssuchasguilt,shameandembarrassment.

Fortunatelytherearestillcommunities—smallertowns,usually—whereschoolsmaintaindisciplineandwhereparentsholdupstandardsthatproclaims:“Inthisfamilycertainthingsarenottolerated—theysimplyarenotdone.

Yetmoreandmore,especiallyinourlargercitiesandsuburbs,theseinnerrestraintsareloosening.Yourtypicalrobberhasnone.Heconsidersyourpropertyhisproperty;hetakeswhathewants,includingyourlifeifyouenragehim.

Themaincauseofthisbreak-downisaradicalshiftinattitudes.Thirtyyearsago,ifacrimewascommitted,societywasconsideredthevictim.Now,inashockingreversal,it'sthecriminalwhoisconsideredvictimized:byhisunderprivilegedupbringing,bytheschoolthatdidn'tteachhimtoread,bythechurchthatfailedtoreachhimwithmoralguidance,bytheparentswhodidn'tprovideastablehome.

Idon'tbelieveit.Manyothersinequallydisadvantagedcircumstanceschoosenottoengageincriminalactivities.Ifwefreethecriminal,evenpartly,fromaccountability,webecomeasocietyofexcuseswherenooneacceptsresponsibilityforanything.

WeinAmericadesperatelyneedmorepeoplewhobelievethatthepersonwhocommitsacrimeistheoneresponsibleforit.

1.Whatthewisemansaidsuggeststhat（）.

2.Accordingtotheauthor,ifapersonisfoundguiltyofacrim（）.

3.Comparedwiththoseinsmalltowns,peopleinlargecitieshave（）.

4.Thewriterissorrytohavenoticedthat（）.

5.Thekeypointofthepassageisthat（）.

問題1選項

A.it'sunnecessaryforgoodpeopletodoanythinginfaceofevil

B.it'scertainthatevilwillprevailifgoodmendonothingaboutit

C.it’sonlynaturalforvirtuetodefeatevil

D.it'sdesirableforgoodmentokeepawayfromevil

問題2選項

A.societyistobeheldresponsible

B.moderncivilizationisresponsibleforit

C.thecriminalhimselfshouldbeartheblame

D.thestandardsoflivingshouldbeimproved

問題3選項

A.lessself-discipline

B.bettersenseofdiscipline

C.moremutualrespect

D.lesseffectivegovernment

問題4選項

A.peopleinlargecitiestendtoexcusecriminals

B.peopleinsmalltownsstillsticktoolddisciplineandstandards

C.today'ssocietylackssympathyforpeopleindifficulty

D.peopleindisadvantagedcircumstancesareengagedincriminalactivities

問題5選項

A.stricterdisciplineshouldbemaintainedinschoolsandfamilies

B.moregoodexamplesshouldbesetforpeopletofollow

C.morerestrictionsshouldbeimposedonpeople'sbehavior

D.morepeopleshouldacceptthevalueofaccountability

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】1.文章第一句話awisemanoncesaidthattheonlythingnecessaryforthetriumphofevilisforgoodmentodonothing提到曾經以為智者說過壞人勝利的唯一條件是好人什么都不做。選項B符合題意。

2.文章最后一段提到在美國急需更多的人知道犯罪的人應該自己承擔責任。選項C符合題意。

3.文章第七段yetmoreandmore,especiallyinourlargercitiesandsuburbs,theseinnerrestraintsareloosening提到城市和城鎮中，人們越來越缺乏自律。選項A符合題意。

4.文章倒數第三段提到幾十年前，當罪犯犯罪之后，社會被認為是受害者，而現在，罪犯反而被認為是受害者，罪犯得到開脫，作者認為這是令人震驚的。由此可見，作者對這種情況是非常不滿的。所以選項A符合題意。

5.文章主要的目的是提醒人們應該承擔責任，并且對于為罪犯開脫這種做法很不滿，認為犯罪的人應該承擔相應的責任。不然長此以往，犯罪會增多，社會也會面臨瓦解。選項D符合題意。

7.單選題

Motherwarned______theelectriclamp.

問題1選項

A.nottotouch

B.himnottotouch

C.himnottouching

D.himnottouch

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞用法。句意：媽媽告誡他不要碰電燈。告誡某人不要做某事用warnsb.nottodosth.，所以B選項himnottotouch符合題意，故正確。其余選項語法錯誤。因此B選項正確。

8.單選題

ThefamousmovieTitanic（）itsaudience.

問題1選項

A.thoughtintermswith

B.touchedachordin

C.hadconfidencein

D.hadatastefor

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。A選項thinkintermswith表示“結合……思考”；B選項touchachordin表示“觸動……的心弦”；C選項haveconfidencein表示“對……有信心”；D選項haveatastefor表示“對……感興趣；愛好……”。根據“Titanic”（《泰坦尼克號》）可知，這部電影應當是觸動了觀眾的心弦，故B項最符合句意。因此，本題正確答案為B項。

9.單選題

Withkeen（

）,convincingfactsandaglobalangle,theauthorvividlyrecordedabrilliantpageofthegreatChineserevolution.

問題1選項

A.inspection

B.intellectual

C.intention

D.insight

【答案】D

【解析】考查形似詞辨析。inspection檢查，檢驗；intellectual智力的，有才智的；intention意圖；insight洞察力，洞悉。句意：通過敏銳的洞察力、有說服力的事實和全球化的視角，作者生動地記錄了中國革命偉大輝煌的一頁?？崭裉帒钜粋€名詞，首先排除B項。再根據句意可知D項最合適。答案D

10.單選題

Thesurvival（）ofsomewildanimalsisnotveryhighastheyareruthlesslyhuntedfortheirskins.

問題1選項

A.ratio

B.rate

C.scale

D.standard

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項ratio“比例，比率”；B選項rate“進度，速度”，A項指的是兩個量的比值，強調相比、相除的關系，B項指的是比率，速度，率等，如“taxrate稅率”、“crimerate犯罪率”；這個句子中的生存率指的是“野生動物的存活數量和死亡的野生動物數量之比”，是兩個數量之比，所以A項更符合。句意：一些野生動物的存活率不是很高，因為它們被殘酷地獵殺以獲取皮毛。；C選項scale“規?！保籇選項standard“標準，水準”。因此A選項符合題意。

11.單選題

Generally,itisonlywhenanimalsaretrappedthatthey___toviolenceinordertoescape.

問題1選項

A.proceed

B.appeal

C.resort

D.incline

【答案】C

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.proceed開始；繼續進行B.appeal呼吁；懇求

C.resort訴諸；采取D.incline傾向于

【考察點】詞組辨析

【解題思路】句意為只有動物在被困住的時候，它們才會采取暴力措施來逃走。C選項resort接to表采取的意思，符合句意。

【干擾項排除】

A選項proceedto繼續下去；

B選項appealto呼吁；上訴；要求；對……有吸引力；

D選項inclineto傾向于。Inclineto更多指具有什么傾向。但是該題目應該選采取暴力措施。因為題意為動物們已經被困住了；

以上選項均不符合句意。

【句意】一般來說，只有當動物被困住時，它們才會采取暴力措施以逃脫。

12.翻譯題

GenerationJoblessThenumberofyoungpeopleoutofworkgloballyisnearlyasbigasthepopulationoftheUnitedStates

"YOUNGpeopleoughtnottobeidle.Itisverybadforthem,"saidMargaretThatcherin1984.Shewasright:therearefewworsethingsthatsocietycandotoitsyoungthantoleavetheminlimbo.

1.Thosewhostarttheircareersonthedolearemorelikelytohavelowerwagesandmorespellsofjoblessnesslaterinlife,becausetheyloseoutonthechancetoacquireskillsandself-confidenceintheirformativeyears.

Yetmoreyoungpeopleareidlethanever.OECDfiguressuggestthat26m15-to24-year-oidsindevelopedcountriesarenotinemployment,educationortraining;thenumberofyoungpeoplewithoutajobhasrisenby30%since2007.TheInternationalLabourOrganisationreportsthat75myoungpeoplegloballyarelookingforajob.WorldBanksurveyssuggestthat262myoungpeopleinemergingmarketsareeconomicallyinactive.Dependingonhowyoumeasurethem,thenumberofyoungpeoplewithoutajobisnearlyaslargeasthepopulationofAmerica(311m).

2.Twofactorsplayabigpart.First,thelongslowdownintheWesthasreduceddemandforlabour,anditiseasiertoputoffhiringyoungpeoplethanitistofireolderworkers.Second,inemergingeconomiespopulationgrowthisfastestincountrieswithdysfunctionallabourmarkets,suchasIndiaandEgypt.

Theresultisan"areofunemployment",fromsouthernEuropethroughnorthAfricaandtheMiddleEasttoSouthAsia,wheretherichworld'srecessionmeetsthepoorworld'syouthquake.TheangeroftheyoungjoblesshasalreadyburstontothestreetsintheMiddleEast.Violentcrime,generallyindeclineintherichworld,isrisinginSpain,ItalyandPortugal—countrieswithstartlinglyhighyouthunemployment.

Willgrowthgivethemajob?

Themostobviouswaytotacklethisproblemistoreignitegrowth.Thatiseasiersaidthandoneinaworldplaguedbydebt,andisanywayonlyapartialanswer.Thecountrieswheretheproblemisworst(suchasSpainandEgypt)sufferedfromhighyouthunemploymentevenwhentheireconomiesweregrowing.

3.Throughouttherecessioncompanieshavecontinuedtocomplainthattheycannotfindyoungpeoplewiththefightskills.Thisunderlinestheimportanceoftwoothersolutions:reforminglabourmarketsandimprovingeducation.Thesearefamiliarprescriptions,butonesthatneedtobedeliveredwithbothanewvigourandanewtwist.

Youthunemploymentisoftenatitsworstincountrieswithrigidlabourmarkets.Cartelisedindustries,hightaxesonhiring,strictrulesaboutfiring,highminimumwages:allthesehelpcondemnyoungpeopletothestreetcomer.SouthAfricahassomeofthehighestunemploymentsouthoftheSahara,inpartbecauseithaspowerfultradeunionsandrigidrulesabouthiringandfiring.Manycountriesintheareofyouthunemploymenthavehighminimumwagesandheavytaxesonlabour.Indiahasaround200lawsonworkandpay.

Deregulatinglabourmarketsisthuscentraltotacklingyouthunemployment.Butitwillnotbeenoughonitsown.Britainhasaflexiblelabourmarketandhighyouthunemployment.Incountrieswithbetterrecords,governmentstendtotakeamoreactiveroleinfindingjobsforthosewhoarestruggling.Germany,whichhasthesecond-lowestlevelofyouthunemploymentintherichworld,paysaproportionofthewagesofthelongtermunemployedforthefirsttwoyears.TheNordiccountriesprovideyoungpeoplewith"personalisedplans"togetthemintoemploymentortraining.ButthesepoliciesaretooexpensivetoreproduceinsouthernEurope,withtheirmillionsofunemployed,letalonetheemergingworld.

4.Acheaperapproachistoreformlabour-hungrybitsoftheeconomv—forexample,bymakingiteasierforsmallbusinessestogetlicences,orconstructioncompaniestogetapprovalforprojects,orshopstostayopenintheevening.

ThegraduateglutAcrosstheOECD,peoplewholeftschoolattheearliestopportunityaretwiceaslikelytobeunemployedasuniversitygraduates.Butitisunwisetoconcludethatgovernmentsshouldsimplycontinuewiththeestablishedpolicyofboostingthenumberofpeoplewhograduatefromuniversity.InbothBritainandtheUnitedStatesmanypeoplewithexpensiveliberal-artsdegreesarefindingitimpossibletogetdecentjobs.InnorthAfricauniversitygraduatesaretwiceaslikelytobeunemployedasnon-graduates.

5.Whatmattersisnotjustnumberofyearsofeducationpeopleget,butitscontent.Thismeansexpandingthestudyofscienceandtechnologyandclosingthegapbetweentheworldofeducationandtheworldofwork—forexamplebyupgradingvocationalandtechnicaleducationandbyforgingcloserrelationsbetweencompaniesandschools.Germany’slong-establishedsystemofvocationalschoolingandapprenticeshipsdoesjustthat.Othercountriesarefollowingsuit:SouthKoreahasintroduced“meister”schools,Singaporehasboostedtechnicalcolleges,andBritainisexpandingapprenticeshipsandtryingtoimprovetechnicaleducation.

Closingthegapwillalsorequireachangeofattitudefrombusiness.Somecompanies,rangingfromIBMandRolls-RoycetoMcDonald’sandPremierInn,arerevampingtheirtrainingprogrammes,butthefearthatemployeeswillbepoacheddiscouragesfirmsfrominvestingintheyoung.Therearewaysofgettingaroundtheproblem:groupsofemployerscanco-operatewithcollegestodesigntrainingcourses,forexample.6.Technologyisalsoreducingthecostoftraining:programmesdesignedaroundcomputergamescangiveyoungsterssomevirtualexperience,andonlinecoursescanhelpapprenticescombineon-the-jobtrainingwithacademicinstruction.

Theproblemofyouthunemploymenthasbeengettingworseforseveralyears.Butthereareatlastsomereasonsforhope.7.Governmentsaretryingtoaddressthemismatchbetweeneducationandthelabourmarket.Companiesarebeginningtotakemoreresponsibilityforinvestingintheyoung.Andtechnologyishelpingdemocratiseeducationandtraining.Theworldhasarealchanceofintroducinganeducation-and-trainingrevolutionworthyofthescaleoftheproblem.

【答案】1.那些靠救濟金過活的人工資更低，人生后期也會經歷更多次的失業，因為他們在性格形成期已經失去了獲得技能和自信的機會。

2.有兩個因素起了很大作用。首先，西方的長期放緩生產速度減少了對勞動力的需求，年輕人比老員工更容易被解雇。其次，在新興經濟體中，勞動力市場功能失調的國家，如印度和埃及，人口增長卻最快。

3.有些公司經歷了衰退的整個過程，卻仍然抱怨找不到合適的年輕技術工人。這強調了另外兩個解決方案的重要性：改革勞動力市場和改善教育。這些措施廣為人知，但是要做出這些改革，還需要新的勇氣和新策略。

4.更廉價的方法是改革經濟中急需勞動力的企業——例如，簡化小型企業的注冊程序，簡化建筑公司招標的審批程序，讓商店更容易地在晚上照常營業等等。

5.重要的不僅是人們受教育的年限，還有教育的內容。這意味著擴大科技研究，縮小理論教育和實際用工之間的差距。比如，可以通過升級職業教育和技術教育，將學校和公司更緊密地聯系起來等等方式加以實現。

6.應用技術也可以減少培訓成本：可將培訓設計成電腦游戲，從而讓年輕人得到虛擬體驗。同時，在線課程可以幫助學徒把在職培訓內容與大學課程融合起來。

7.政府正努力解決教育和勞動力市場之間的不匹配問題。公司開始在投資年輕人方面承擔起更多的責任。應用某些技術也有助于推行教育和培訓的民主化。

13.單選題

Practitionersoflawandmedicineareesteemedinmanycountrieswhichseemstoindicatethat（

）dependsonprofessionortitle.

問題1選項

A.prestige

B.superiority

C.privilege

D.merit

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。prestige“聲望；聲譽”；superiority“優越；優越性”；privilege“特權；優待”；merit“優點；價值”。句意：法律和醫生從業者在許多國家都受到尊敬，這似乎說明聲望取決于職業和頭銜。選項A符合題意。

14.單選題

Duetopersonality_____,thetwocolleaguesnevergotonwellinwork.

問題1選項

A.contradiction

B.conflict

C.confrontation

D.competition

【答案】B

【解析】名詞辨析。contradiction矛盾，否認，反駁；conflict沖突,矛盾，斗爭，爭執；confrontation對抗，面對，對質；competition競爭，比賽。Contradiction表示的是一種事物之間矛盾的狀態，一般指抽象的矛盾，比如觀點上的矛盾；conflict語氣更強烈，一般指人之間或者軍事上的沖突，是一種戰爭狀態。根據句意：由于性格沖突,這兩個同事在工作中一直不和。選項B更符合句意。

15.單選題

Notuntiltheearlyyearsofthe19thcentury（）whatheatis.

問題1選項

A.mandidknow

B.didmanknow

C.manknew

D.didn'tmanknow

【答案】B

【解析】考查倒裝。notuntil位于句首時,

句子要倒裝,

即將助動詞提前。結構為Notuntil+助動詞+（主句）主語+謂語。選項B正確。

16.單選題

Therehavebeenseveralattemptstointroducegayercolorsandstylesinmen’sclothing,butnoneofthem（）.

問題1選項

A.hascaughton

B.hascaughthimout

C.hascaughtup

D.takeroots

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項原形是catchon“理解，明白，變得流行”；B選項原形是catchout“發現……有錯誤”；C選項原形是catchup“趕上”；D選項takeroots“生根，扎根”。句意“曾有幾次嘗試在男裝中引入更鮮艷的顏色和風格，但都沒有流行起來”。選項A符合語境。

17.單選題

Thenewprincipalhopesto（

）anumberofchangestothecoursesofstudy.

問題1選項

A.affect

B.effect

C.react

D.influence

【答案】B

【解析】句意:這位新校長希望對學習課程進行一些改變。

考查動詞辨析。Affect影響,感染;effect使發生,實現,引起;react起反應,(對…)作出反應,回應;influence影響,對…起作用,支配。故B符合句意。

18.單選題

Youhadbetter______teasingthesenewcomers,forthatwillhurttheirfeeling.

問題1選項

A.leaveoff

B.leavebehind

C.leaveout

D.leavefor

【答案】A

【解析】【試題解析】考查短語辨析。A選項leaveoff“漏掉；停止”；B選項leavebehind“永遠離開；留下；落后”；C選項leaveout“排除；不考慮”；D選項leavefor“出發前往（某地）；把……留給（某人）做；把……留在（另一時間做）”。句意：你最好______取笑這些新來的人，那樣會傷害他們的感情。根據語境，這里指的是不要取笑別人，A選項leaveoff“停止”符合題意。因此A選項正確。

19.單選題

Afterfouryearsinthesamejob,hisenthusiasmfinally（）.

問題1選項

A.deteriorated

B.dispersed

C.dissipated

D.drained

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。A選項deteriorate“惡化，變壞”；B選項disperse“分散；消散”；C選項dissipate“驅散；放蕩”；D選項drain“逐漸消失；流干”。句意：在做同樣的工作四年后，他的激情逐漸消失了。根據句意可知D選項正確。

20.單選題

Mostofusaretaughttopayattentiontowhatissaid—thewords.Wordsdoprovideuswithsomeinformation,butmeaningsarederivedfromsomanyothersourcesthatitwouldhinderoureffectivenessasapartnertoarelationshiptorelytooheavilyonwordsalone.Wordsareusedtodescribeonlyasmallpartofthemanyideasweassociatewithanygivenmessage.Sometimeswecangaininsightintosomeofthoseassociationsifwelistenformorethanwords.

Wedon'talwayssaywhatwemeanormeanwhatwesay.Sometimesourwordsdon'tmeananythingexcept“I'mlettingoffsomesteam.Idon'treallywantyoutopaycloseattentiontowhatI'msaying.JustpayattentiontowhatI'mfeeling."Mostlywemeanseveralthingsatonce.Apersonwantingtopurchaseahousesaystothecurrentowner."ThisstephastobefixedbeforeI'llbuy."Theownersays,"It'sbeenlikethatforyears."Actually,thestephasn'tbeenlikethatforyears,buttheunspokenmessageis:"Idon'twanttofixit.Weputupwithit.Whycan'tyou?"Thesearchforamoreexpansiveviewofmeaningcanbedevelopedbyexaminingamessageintermsofwhosaidit,whenitoccurred,therelatedconditionsorsituation,andhowitwassaid.

Whenamessageoccurscanalsorevealassociatedmeaning.Letusassumetwocouplesdoexactlythesameamountofkissingandarguing.Butonecouplealwayskissesafteranargumentandtheoiliercouplealwaysarguesafterakiss.Theorderingofthebehaviorsmaymeanagreatdealmorethanthefrequencyofthebehavior.Afriend'sunusuallydocilebehaviormayonlybeunderstoodbynotingthatitwasprecededbysituationsthatrequiredanabnormalamountofassertiveness.Someresponsesmaybedirectlylinkedtoadevelopingpatternofresponsesanddefylogic.Forexample,apersonwhosays"No”toaserialsofchargeslike“You'redumb.”“You'relazy,”and“You'redishonest,”mayalsosay“No”andtrytojustifyhisorherresponseifthenextstatementis“Andyou'regoodlooking.”

Wewoulddowelltolistenforhowmessagesarepresented.Thewords,“Ifsurehasbeen

nicetohaveyouover,”canbesaidwithemphasisandexcitementorritualistically.Thephrasecanbesaidonceorrepeatedseveraltimes.Andthemeaningsweassociatewiththephrasewillchangeaccordingly.Sometimesifwesaysomethinginfrequentlyitassumesmoreimportance;sometimesthemorewesaysomethingthelessimportanceitassumes.

1.“I'mlettingoffsomesteam”inparagraph2means（

）.

2.Effectivecommunicationisrenderedpossiblebetweentwoconversingpartners,if

（

）.

3.Thehouse-owner'sexampleshowsthatheactuallymeans

（

）.

4.Theword"ritualistically"inthelastparagraphequalssomethingdone（

）.

問題1選項

A.I'mjustcallingyourattention.

B.I'mjustkidding.

C.I'mjustsayingtheopposite.

D.I'mjustgivingoffsomesound.

問題2選項

A.theyuseproperwordstocarrytheirideas

B.theybothspeaktrulyoftheirownfeelings

C.theytrytounderstandeachother'sideasbeyondwords

D.theyarecapableofassociatingmeaningwiththeirwords

問題3選項

A.thestephasbeenlikethatforyears.

B.hedoesn'tthinkitnecessarytofixthestep.

C.theconditionofthestepisonlyaminorfault.

D.thecostinvolvedinthefixingshouldbeshared.

問題4選項

A.withouttrueintention

B.light-heartedly

C.inawayofceremony

D.withlessemphasis

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:C

【解析】第1題:細節事實題。由“Wedon’talwayssaywhatwemeanormeanwhatwesay.Sometimesourwordsdon’tmeananythingexceptI’mlettingoffsomesteam.Idon’treallywantyoutopaycloseattentiontowhatI’msaying.JustpayattentiontowhatI’mfeeling.我們并不總是言出必行。有時候我們說的話沒有任何意義，只是在發泄。我真的不希望你仔細聽我說的話。但是請注意我的感受。”可知B項“我在開玩笑”正確。答案B。

第2題:細節事實題。由第一段中的“Wordsdoprovideuswithsomeinformation,butmeaningsarederivedfromsomanyothersourcesthatitwouldhinderoureffectivenessasapartnertoarelationshiptorelytooheavilyonwordsalone.詞匯確實給我們提供了一些信息，但它的意義來自于如此多的其他來源，以至于過多依賴言語會阻礙我們與他人交流的有效性。”可知D項正確，不能太依賴字面意思，而是要根據具體語境去聯想，這樣才能增加交流的有效性。答案D

第3題:細節事實題。由“Actually,thestephasn’tbeenlikethatforyears,buttheunspokenmessageis:‘Idon’twanttofixit…’事實上，這個臺階已經很多年來不是這樣的，但其中隱含的信息是：‘我不想把它修好……’”對應可知B項正確。

第4題:詞義題。此題可以根據排除法來做。由“withemphasisandexcitementorritualistically.”可知這句話“如果你能來那真是太好了”可以用強調、興奮或儀式性的語氣說出來?？上扰懦鼴、D項，A項“沒有真正的意圖”也不符合。所以ritualistically意為儀式地。答案Ctically只可能與C項意思接近，答案C

21.單選題

Shemadetwocopiesofthispoemandpostedthem（）todifferentpublishers.

問題1選項

A.sensationally

B.simultaneously

C.strenuously

D.simply

【答案】B

【解析】考查副詞辨析。sensational轟動的、聳人聽聞的；simultaneously同時地；strenuous緊張的，費力的；simply簡單地。由前半句“她將這首詩復印了兩份”以及后半句的“不同的出版商”可推知她同時將兩份復印件寄給了不同的出版商。故B項正確。

22.單選題

Thiswasafive-digitnationalcodingsystemto（）eachpostaldeliverysection.

問題1選項

A.testify

B.count

C.clarify

D.identify

【答案】D

【解析】動詞辨析。句意：是一個五位數的國家譯碼系統，以（）郵局送達部門。testify證明；count計算；clarify使明晰；identify識別。故選D。

23.單選題

（

）atamusicstorewasoneofLilArmstrong’sfirstprofessionaljobsasayoungpianistwhenshecametoChicagoin1917.

問題1選項

A.Demonstrationtunes

B.Demonstratingtunes

C.Demonstratetunes

D.Tunesthatdemonstrated

【答案】B

【解析】考查句子結構。句意：LilArmstrong1917年來到芝加哥時，作為年輕的鋼琴家的第一份專業工作是在音樂商店里演奏曲調?？崭裉幩顔卧~與后面部分一起構成名詞短語做整個句子的主語。C項demonstrate是動詞，不能做主語。A、D兩項中tunes是復數,而謂語動詞是was,故排除。

24.單選題

Thearchaeologist（