書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-廣西農(nóng)業(yè)職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

TheAmericanCivilWarisbelievedtohavestemmedfromdifferencesoverslavery.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.arisenfrom

B.contributedto

C.patchedup

D.participatedin

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞組辨析。stemfrom表示“起源于”；A項(xiàng)arisefrom“起因于”，B項(xiàng)contributeto“有助于”，C項(xiàng)patchup“修補(bǔ)，平息”，D項(xiàng)participatein“參加，參與”。句意：人們認(rèn)為，美國內(nèi)戰(zhàn)的起因是在奴隸制問題上的分歧。根據(jù)句意可知，選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

2.單選題

Recentresearchfromanimalbehavioristssuggeststhat“asthecrowflies”shouldnolongerbetakentomean“theshortestdistancebetweentwopoints.”ZoologistsatOxfordUniversity,（1）conductedaneighteen-month（2）ofhomingpigeons,haveconcludedthatundersomecircum-stances,pigeonsfollow（3）visuallandmarkstofindtheirwayhome（4）thantakingtheshor-test,mostdirectroute.（5）fortheirabilitytonavigatelongdistances,homingpigeonsusethe（6）ofthesunandstars,theirinbuiltcompasses，andperhapsalsotheirsenseofsmelltodirecttheirflightoverlong（7）oronajourneyforthefirsttime.（8），differentfactorsappeartoaffectapigeon’snavigation（9）itisreleasedclosetoits（10）Animalbehavioristsreachedthis（11）afterattachingsmallglobalpositioningdevicestothebacksofpigeonsandreleasingthemafewmilesfromtheirhome.Thesedevicesenabledthescientiststo（12）thepreciselocationofeachpigeonev-erysecondof（13）flight.Eachpigeonwastrackedforapproximatelytwentyflightsfromthe（14）point.Forthefirstseveralflights，eachbird’spath（15）significantlyfromthepathsithadtaken（16）Subsequently，（17），thebirdwouldtendtofollowthesamepath,（18）afterflight,eventhoughthatpathwasnotalwaysthemostdirectroutehome.Thescientistsconcludedthatpigeonsusea（19）offamiliarvisuallandmarkstofindtheirwaywhentheyareneartheirhomeratherthanrel-yingprimarilyoncompassnavigation.Majorhighwaysareone（20）landmark.Almostcomically,someofthepigeonsfollowedthepathofamajorhighwaytheycouldseebelowthem,turningwheretheroadturned,andevenfollowingthecircularpathoftheexitramps.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.which

B.then

C.who

D.had

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.check

B.flight

C.period

D.study

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.full

B.familiar

C.magnetic

D.no

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.longer

B.other

C.fewer

D.rather

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Certain

B.Regardless

C.Known

D.Concerning

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.composition

B.influence

C.position

D.dimensions

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.distractions

B.distances

C.moments

D.delays

問題8選項(xiàng)

A.Simply

B.However

C.Otherwise

D.Consequently

問題9選項(xiàng)

A.when

B.until

C.still

D.since

問題10選項(xiàng)

A.flight

B.wings

C.home

D.young

問題11選項(xiàng)

A.decision

B.idea

C.conclusion

D.summary

問題12選項(xiàng)

A.approve

B.match

C.manipulate

D.record

問題13選項(xiàng)

A.its

B.group

C.per

D.one

問題14選項(xiàng)

A.same

B.actual

C.distant

D.home

問題15選項(xiàng)

A.reduced

B.varied

C.followed

D.improved

問題16選項(xiàng)

A.off

B.first

C.earlier

D.over

問題17選項(xiàng)

A.nevertheless

B.moreover

C.although

D.though

問題18選項(xiàng)

A.flight

B.right

C.then

D.soon

問題19選項(xiàng)

A.unit

B.sum

C.link

D.chain

問題20選項(xiàng)

A.example

B.such

C.similar

D.type

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:C

第6題:C

第7題:B

第8題:B

第9題:A

第10題:C

第11題:C

第12題:D

第13題:C

第14題:A

第15題:B

第16題:A

第17題:A

第18題:A

第19題:D

第20題:B

【解析】（1）此句考察定語從句，空格處應(yīng)填入關(guān)系代詞,而先行詞是zoologists,因此，正確答案為“who”，C選項(xiàng)正確。

（2）句意為:牛津大學(xué)的動物學(xué)家在對信鴿進(jìn)行了18個月的后，得出了結(jié)論，選項(xiàng)D“Study”符合句意。

（3）此處需要結(jié)合文章倒數(shù)第五句“Thescientistsconcludedthatpigeonsuseafamiliarvisuallandmarks(科學(xué)家得出結(jié)論，鴿子使用一種熟悉的視覺標(biāo)志物)。因此此處選項(xiàng)B“familiar”正確。

（4）本句句意:鴿子會通過熟悉的地標(biāo)按原路返回家里，以最短的距離直線飛回家。這里D選項(xiàng)“ratherthan”是固定搭配，表示“而不是”。

（5）此處句意為:鴿子因其長距離的導(dǎo)航能力而，選項(xiàng)D“known”與“for”搭配表示“因……聞名”，其他選項(xiàng)都不能與介詞for搭配使用，故選項(xiàng)D正確c

（6）空格處句意:信鴿利用太陽和星星的、它們的內(nèi)置羅盤以及嗅覺來辨識方向。故C選項(xiàng)“position”符合句意。

（7）根據(jù)空后的“oronajourney”判斷,此處應(yīng)填入與“journey”并列平行的單詞。因此選項(xiàng)B“distance”正確。

（8）空格后分句句意:不同的因素會影響鴿子的航行，因此此處是一個轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，雖然C選項(xiàng)“otherwise”也有轉(zhuǎn)折的意思，但其后不跟逗號，故選項(xiàng)B“however”正確。

（9）空格處句意:當(dāng)信鴿被放飛到離家近的地方時，它的導(dǎo)航能力似乎會受到不同因素的影響。因此此處應(yīng)選擇A項(xiàng)“when”，表示“當(dāng)……時”。

（10）空格處句意為:當(dāng)信鴿被放飛到離近的地方時，它的導(dǎo)航能力似乎會受到不同因素的影響。因此此處應(yīng)填C項(xiàng)home。

（11）此處句意為:通過給信鴿安裝小型全球定位裝置，將它們放到離家?guī)坠锏牡胤阶鰧?shí)驗(yàn)，動物行為學(xué)家由此得出了。選項(xiàng)C“conclusion”符合句意。

（12）句意:給信鴿安裝全球定位裝置是用來信鴿的飛行位置的，選項(xiàng)D“record”符合句意。

（13）此處表達(dá)的是:實(shí)驗(yàn)應(yīng)該對每一只信鴿每一次飛行過程中的每一秒進(jìn)行記錄,并且由“everysecond”推斷,此處為“per”。

（14）此處句意為:在起點(diǎn)進(jìn)行放飛實(shí)驗(yàn)，選項(xiàng)A“same”符合句意。

（15）此處句意為:最初的幾次放飛實(shí)驗(yàn)，信鴿的返回路徑與放飛路徑，選項(xiàng)B“varied”符合句意。

（16）“takeoff”為固定搭配，表示“起飛”。

（17）空格前后位轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。

（18）“flightafterflight”為固定搭配,表示“成群的”。

（19）“achainof”修飾后面的“l(fā)andmarks”表示“一連串路標(biāo)”。

（20）句意:在信鴿返回的途中，高速公路就是。B項(xiàng)“such”正確。

3.單選題

Andemployers,whoassumedthatwomen’s“real”aspirationwereformarriageandfamilylife,declinedtopaywomenwagescommensuratewiththoseofmen.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.comparable

B.inappropriate

C.identifiable

D.proportionate

【答案】D

【解析】句中說到，雇主們認(rèn)為女性“真正”渴望的是婚姻和家庭生活，因此拒絕向女性支付與男性……的工資。這里存在與男性薪酬相比較的問題。A選項(xiàng)comparable“類似的；相當(dāng)?shù)摹保捎诒揪涿枋龅氖侨后w間薪酬，因此不符合句意；B選項(xiàng)inappropriate“不適當(dāng)?shù)模徊幌喾Q的”，與句意相反；C選項(xiàng)identifiable“可辨認(rèn)的”不符合句意；D選項(xiàng)proportionate“成比例的；相稱的”，符合題意。

4.單選題

Withoutfacts,wecannotformaworthwhileopinionforweneedtohavefactualknowledge___ourthinking.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.whichtobebasedon

B.whichtobaseupon

C.uponwhichtobase

D.towhichtobebased

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞不定式短語作定語。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知wecan’tformaworthwhileopinion是主句，forweneedtohavefactualknowledge___ourthinking是原因狀語從句，在這個從句中___ourthinking是knowledge的定語，展開后半截應(yīng)該是tobaseourthinkinguponfactualknowledge，是主句中的we主動的發(fā)出base這個動作，所以不能使用被動語態(tài)，排除A，D選項(xiàng)；動詞不定式短語作定語時要加上which完善結(jié)構(gòu)（但是并非從句）且和base這個動作搭配的介詞upon需要放在which之前，排除B選項(xiàng)。句意：沒有事實(shí)，我們就不能形成有價值的觀點(diǎn)，因?yàn)槲覀冃枰聦?shí)知識來作為我們思考的基礎(chǔ)。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

5.單選題

Acourtlaterreducedthecordonto200metersfromthe（）fence.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.perimeter

B.parameter

C.diameter

D.circumference

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)perimeter“周長（可以指任何形狀的周長）；周界；視野計”；B選項(xiàng)parameter“參數(shù)；系數(shù)；參量”；C選項(xiàng)diameter“直徑；徑；通徑；外徑”；D選項(xiàng)circumference“圓周；周長（主要指圓或橢圓的周長）；胸圍”。句意：后來法庭決定將警戒線范圍縮小至距離圍欄200米處。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

6.單選題

AmidthenationwidefurorovertheSenatedrafthealth-carebill,apublic-healthvictoryhasgonemostlyunnoticed.AccordingtoanewreportfromtheCentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention,theestimatednumberofmiddleandhighschoolstudentswhoaretobaccousersdroppedfrom4.7millionin2015to3.9millionin2016.Thiswaslargelydrivenbyareductioninthenumberofteenagersusinge-cigarettes,whicharelessharmfulthanregularcigarettesbutstillcontainnicotine.Thedownturnisasuccessforadvocatesandofficialswhohaveworkedtocurbteentobaccouse—butitshouldnotbeheraldedastheendoftheroad.

Teenagesmokinghaslongbeenoneofthemostseriouspublichealthissues.SmokingistheleadingcauseofpreventabledeathintheUnitedStates,and9in10Americansmokershadtheirfirsttasteoftobaccobeforetheageof18,althoughpoliciestocurbteensmokingshowedsignsofsuccessforatime,youthtobaccoratesremainedstagnantbetween2011and2015.Duringthisperiod,theuseofe-cigarettesamonghighschoolstudentsincreasedbyastaggering900percent.

Withthesestatisticsinmind,therecentdeclineinteentobaccoande-cigaretteuseisanencouragingsignalthatinterventionsmaybeworking.Itisdifficulttodeterminecausation,butexpertshaveattributedthedroptoarangeoffederal,stateandlocalpoliciesdesignedtodissuadeyoungadultsfromusingtobacco,suchasincreasingtobaccotaxesandexpandingantismokingordinancestoincludee-cigarettesandothernewproducts.Stateshaveruntargetedmediacampaignsthatworkalongsidefederalefforts,suchastheFoodandDrugAdministration’s“RealCost”campaignandtheCDC’s“TipsfromFormerSmokers”.TheCDCreportsuggeststhatatleastsomeofthesestrategieshavebeeneffective.

Butthereportalsohighlightschallengesthatlieahead.Millionsofteenagersacrossthecountryarestillusingtobaccoinsomeform,andtheintroductionofnewtobaccoproductscoulddriveuprates.Therearealsosignificantdisparitiesamongstatesandcommunities:Rural,low-income,andlesbian,gay,bisexualandtransgenderyouthareparticularlyatriskduetotargetedmarketingandpolicyvariationbetweendifferentjurisdictions.ThismakesfederalregulationbytheFDAallthemoreimportant.

TheFDA,however,hasdelayedtheenforcementofnewregulationsone-cigarettesandcigars.Delaysarecommonplaceinnewadministrations,butitisimportantthattheagencytakeupthesestricterstandardsafterthethree-monthpostponement.Itwouldbeapityiftheselong-awaitedsignsofprogresswereundercutbecausetheFDAdeclinedtodoitsjob.

5.AccordingtoareportbytheCentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention,teenagesmoking（）.

6.Whichofthefollowingistrueofthereasonforthedropofteenagesmoking?

7.Whoshouldshouldermoreresponsibilityforcurbingteensmokingintheauthor’seye?

8.Whichofthefollowingcouldbestsummarizethetext?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.decreasedslightlybetween2015and2016

B.mainlytookplaceinelementaryschools

C.recentlyexperiencedagorgeousreduction

D.waslargelyconnectedwithdeathrate

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.TheAmericanSenatepassedahealth-carebilltocurbteensmoking.

B.Thegovernmentissuedvariouslawsandpoliciestocontroltobaccouse.

C.Theadvocatesandofficialshaveworkedhardtorestrainsmoking.

D.Theteenagersaremoreawareofthedeath-causingresultfromsmoking.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Thesecondaryschoolswherestudentsattendtheclasses.

B.TheCDCwhichproducedthereportonteenagesmoking.

C.Thesocialmediaorganizingcampaignsagainstteensmoking.

D.TheFDAmakingfederalregulationonbanningtobaccouse.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Adeclineinteensmoking—TheFDA’Sdelaycouldweakenthatprogress

B.Apubic-heathvictory—TheCDC’steensmokingreportdisplayedahope

C.Animportantdifference—Thestatesandcommunitiesfacedteensmokingchallenge

D.Aseriouspublic-healthissue—Thegovernmenttookbothrisksandopportunities

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:A

【解析】5.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“report”可以定位到第一段第二句AccordingtoanewreportfromtheCentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention,theestimatednumberofmiddleandhighschoolstudentswhoaretobaccousersdroppedfrom4.7millionin2015to3.9millionin2016.（根據(jù)美國疾病控制與預(yù)防中心的一份最新報告顯示，美國吸煙的中學(xué)生數(shù)量從2015年的470萬下降到了2016年的390萬。），說明美國吸煙的青少年減少了。因此C選項(xiàng)“最近經(jīng)歷了一次可喜的下降”正確。A選項(xiàng)“在2015至2016年間稍微下降”，由原文可知，從2015到2016年中學(xué)生吸煙數(shù)量下降了80萬，不是小幅度下降，所以A錯誤。B選項(xiàng)“主要發(fā)生在小學(xué)”，與原文的middleandhighschoolstudents（初中和高中學(xué)生）不符，所以B錯誤。D選項(xiàng)“很大程度上與死亡率有關(guān)”在文中沒有提及，所以D錯誤。

6.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干可以定位到文章第三段第一、二句Withthesestatisticsinmind,therecentdeclineinteentobaccoande-cigaretteuseisanencouragingsignalthatinterventionsmaybeworking.Itisdifficulttodeterminecausation,butexpertshaveattributedthedroptoarangeoffederal,stateandlocalpoliciesdesignedtodissuadeyoungadultsfromusingtobacco,suchasincreasingtobaccotaxesandexpandingantismokingordinancestoincludee-cigarettesandothernewproducts.（考慮到這些數(shù)據(jù)，最近青少年吸煙和電子煙使用的減少是一個令人鼓舞的信號，表明干預(yù)措施可能正在起作用。很難確定其中的因果關(guān)系，但專家將其歸因于聯(lián)邦、州和地方政府一系列旨在勸阻年輕人吸煙的政策，比如提高煙草稅，將反吸煙法令擴(kuò)大到電子煙和其他新產(chǎn)品。），說明青少年吸煙率下降的原因是一系列旨在勸阻年輕人使用煙草的聯(lián)邦、州和地方出臺的政策。因此B選項(xiàng)“政府發(fā)布了各種各樣的法律和政策來控制煙草的使用”正確。A選項(xiàng)“美國參議院通過了一項(xiàng)醫(yī)療法案來控制青少年吸煙”，由文章第一段第一句AmidthenationwidefurorovertheSenatedrafthealth-carebill,apublic-healthvictoryhasgonemostlyunnoticed.（在全國范圍內(nèi)對參議院醫(yī)改法案草案的爭論中，一場公共衛(wèi)生的勝利卻大多不為人知。）可知，參議院沒有通過醫(yī)療法案來控制青少年吸煙，所以A錯誤。C選項(xiàng)“倡導(dǎo)者和官員非常努力地控制吸煙”，原文是說青少年吸煙數(shù)量下降對于那些致力于遏制青少年吸煙的倡導(dǎo)者和官員來說是一次成功，并不是說兩者之間有因果關(guān)系，所以C錯誤。D選項(xiàng)“青少年越來越意識到吸煙會導(dǎo)致死亡”在文中沒有提及，所以D錯誤。

7.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章第四段最后一句ThismakesfederalregulationbytheFDAallthemoreimportant.（這使得美國食品藥品監(jiān)督管理局出臺的聯(lián)邦法規(guī)更加重要。），說明作者認(rèn)為美國食品藥品監(jiān)督管理局應(yīng)該承擔(dān)更多遏制青少年吸煙的責(zé)任。因此D選項(xiàng)“可以制定禁止煙草使用的聯(lián)邦法規(guī)的美國食品藥品監(jiān)督管理局”正確。A選項(xiàng)“學(xué)生上課的中學(xué)”，B選項(xiàng)“提出關(guān)于青少年吸煙報告的美國疾病控制與預(yù)防中心”，C選項(xiàng)“組織反青少年吸煙運(yùn)動的社會媒體”均不符合題意，所以A，B，C錯誤。

8.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】主旨大意題。由全文可知，文章主要介紹美國青少年吸煙數(shù)量有所下降，但是最后兩段重點(diǎn)揭示了控制青少年吸煙還會遇到很多挑戰(zhàn)，尤其是美國食品藥品監(jiān)督管理局推遲了對電子煙和雪茄的新規(guī)定的執(zhí)行，這將會削弱已經(jīng)取得的進(jìn)步。因此A選項(xiàng)“青少年吸煙數(shù)量下降——美國食品藥品監(jiān)督管理局的延期可能會削弱已經(jīng)取得的進(jìn)步”正確。B選項(xiàng)“公共衛(wèi)生的勝利——美國疾病控制與預(yù)防中心有關(guān)青少年吸煙的報告表現(xiàn)出了希望”，由原文可知報告更多強(qiáng)調(diào)了未來的挑戰(zhàn)，所以B錯誤。C選項(xiàng)“重要差異——美國各州和社區(qū)面臨著青少年吸煙的挑戰(zhàn)”，原文沒有提及重大差異，所以C錯誤。D選項(xiàng)“嚴(yán)重的公共衛(wèi)生問題——政府接受了風(fēng)險和機(jī)遇”，沒有涉及原文的關(guān)鍵詞teensmoking（青少年吸煙），不能概括文章主要內(nèi)容，所以D錯誤。

7.單選題

Themayorwasaskedto（

）hisspeechinordertoallowtheaudiencetoraisequestions.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.constrain

B.conduct

C.condense

D.converge

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。constrain意為“強(qiáng)制，限制”；conduct意為“組織”；condense意為“精簡，壓縮（文字、信息等）”；converge意為“匯集，聚集”。

句意：市長被要求壓縮他的演講，以便讓聽眾可以提問。

8.單選題

Itriedphoningheroffice,butIcouldn’t（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.getalong

B.geton

C.getto

D.getthrough

【答案】D

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)getalong“進(jìn)展，相處”；B選項(xiàng)geton“上車，進(jìn)展”；C選項(xiàng)getto“到達(dá)，開始，接觸到”；D選項(xiàng)getthrough“通過，接通電話，度過”。句意：我試圖打電話到她辦公室，但我沒有打通。由選項(xiàng)意思和句意可知，D選項(xiàng)符合句意。

9.單選題

Thedecision______,thenextproblemwashowtomakeagoodplan.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.hasbeenmade

B.weremade

C.havingbeenmade

D.making

【答案】C

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.hasbeenmade被做B.weremade被做

C.havingbeenmade被做D.making做

【考查點(diǎn)】獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。

【解題思路】句子主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)完整，所以空格處只能做非謂語，而decision和thenextproblem不是同一個邏輯主語，所以前半部分只能做獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)；decision和make之間是被動的關(guān)系，而且是決定做出后，下個問題是怎么制定計劃，所以只能用havingbeenmade，C項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A、B選項(xiàng)為謂語動詞，不符合語法結(jié)構(gòu)；

D選項(xiàng)不符合時態(tài)，排除。

【句意】決定做好之后，下一個問題是如何制定一個好的計劃。

10.單選題

（

）trouble,I’mgoingtoforgetthewholeaffair.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Thanrathercause

B.Rathercausing

C.Ratherthancause

D.Ratherthancaused

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。Ratherthandosth.是固定搭配，意為“與其做某事”。句意：與其惹麻煩，我打算忘記整件事情。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

11.單選題

Ifauniondecidedtorepudiateastrike,ithadtowritetoallitsmemberstakingpartinthestriketotellthemthattheunionwouldgivenosupport,and（）theyriskeddismissalwithoutcompensation（）thestrikecontinued.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.that...when

B.what...if

C.why...when

D.that...if

【答案】D

【解析】語法題。根據(jù)題意，可知第一個空格需填入一個引導(dǎo)詞，和and前一句中的that從句構(gòu)成并列關(guān)系，作動詞tell的賓語，所以填入that引導(dǎo)賓語從句，選項(xiàng)B和C可排除。第二空格引導(dǎo)的從句是前面主句的條件，句意：如果罷工繼續(xù)下去，他們有被解雇而得不到補(bǔ)償?shù)娘L(fēng)險。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

12.翻譯題

Intelligenceatbestisanassumptiveconstructthemeaningofthewordhasneverbeenclear.Thereismoreagreementonthekindsofbehaviorreferredtobythetermthanthereisonhowtointerpretorclassifythem.Butitisgenerallyagreedthatapersonofhighintelligenceisonewhocangraspideasreadily,makedistinctions,reasonlogically,andmakeuseofverbalandmathematicalsymbolsinsolvingproblems.Anintelligencetestisaroughmeasureofachild’scapacityforlearning,particularlyforlearningthekindsofthingsrequiredinschool.Itdoesnotmeasurecharacter,socialadjustment,physicalendurance,manualskills,orartisticabilities.Itisnotsupposedtoitwasnotdesignedforsuchpurposes.Tocriticizeitforsuchfailureisroughlycomparabletocriticizingathermometerfornotmeasuringwindvelocity.

【答案】智力充其量是一種假設(shè)的構(gòu)造——這個詞的意思從來就沒有明確過。人們達(dá)成共識比較多的是智力指那些行為，但是談到如何解釋和歸類智力時，人們的分歧就比較大。但是，人們一般認(rèn)為，高智商的人能夠很容易地掌握思想、區(qū)分、邏輯推理，并在解決問題時使用語言和數(shù)學(xué)符號。智力測試是對孩子學(xué)習(xí)能力的粗略測量，尤其是對學(xué)習(xí)學(xué)校要求的東西。它不衡量性格、社會適應(yīng)、身體耐力、手工技能或藝術(shù)能力。它不應(yīng)該——它不是為這樣的目的而設(shè)計的。批評它的這種失敗，大致相當(dāng)于批評溫度計沒有測量風(fēng)速一樣。

13.單選題

“Myauntwillbedownpresently,Mr.Nuttel,”saidaveryself-possessedyoungladyoffifteen;“inthemeantimeyoumusttryandputupwithme.”

FramtonNuttelendeavoredtosaythecorrectsomethingwhichshoulddulyflatterthenieceofthemomentwithoutundulydiscountingtheauntthatwastocome.Privatelyhedoubtedmorethaneverwhethertheseformalvisitsonasuccessionoftotalstrangerswoulddomuchtowardshelpingthenervecurewhichhehassupposedtobeundergoing.

“Iknowhowitwillbe,”hissisterhadsaidwhenhewaspreparingtomigratetothisruralretreat;“youwillburyyourselfdownthereandnotspeaktoalivingsoul,andyournerveswillbeworsethaneverfrommoping.IshalljustgiveyoulettersofintroductiontoallthepeopleIknowthere.Someofthem,asfarasIcanremember,werequitenice.

FramtonwonderedwhetherMrs.Sappleton,theladytowhomhewaspresentingoneofthelettersofintroduction,cameintothenicedivision.

“Doyouknowmanyofthepeopleroundhere?”askedtheniece,whenshejudgedthattheyhadhadsufficientsilentcommunion.

“Hardlyasoul,”saidFramton.“Mysisterwasstayinghere,attherectory,youknow,somefouryears3go,andshegavemelettersofintroductiontosomeofthepeoplehere.”

Hemadethelaststatementinatoneofdistinctregret.

“Thenyouknowpracticallynothingaboutmyaunt?”pursuedtheself-possessedyounglady.

“Onlyhernameandaddress,”admittedthecaller.HewaswonderingwhetherMrs.Sappletonwasinthemarriedorwidowedstate.Anundefinablesomethingabouttheroomseemedtosuggestmasculinehabitation.

“Hergreattragedyhappenedjustthreeyearsago,”saidthechild;“thatwouldbesinceyoursister’stime,’

“Hertragedy?”askedFramton;somehowinthisrestfulcountryspottragediesseemedoutofplace.

“YoumaywonderwhywekeepthatwindowwideopenonanOctoberafternoon,saidtheniece，indicatingalargeFrenchwindowthatopenedontoalawn，

“Itisquitewarmforthetimeoftheyear，”saidFramton;“buthasthatwindowgotanythingtodowiththetragedy?”

“Outthroughthatwindow,threeyearsagotoaday,herhusbandandhertwoyoungbrotherswentofffortheirday'sshooting.Theynevercameback.Incrossingthemoortotheirfavoritesnipe-shootinggroundtheywereallthreeengulfedinatreacherouspieceofbog.Ithadbeenthatdreadfulwetsummer,youknow,andplacesthatweresafeinotheryearsgavewaysuddenlywithoutwarning.Thebodieswereneverrecovered.Thatwasthedreadfulpartofit.”Herethechild'svoicelostitsself-possessednoteandbecamefalteringlyhuman.“Poorauntalwaysthinksthattheywillcomebacksomeday,theyandthelittlebrownspanielthatwaslostwiththem,andwalkinatthatwindowjustastheyusedtodo.Thatiswhythewindowiskeptopeneveryeveningtillitisquitedusk.Poordearaunt,shehasoftentoldmehowtheywentout,herhusbandwithhiswhitewaterproofcoatoverhisarm,andRonnie,heryoungerbrother,singing,'Bertie,whydoyoubound?"ashealwaysdidtoteaseher,becauseshesaiditgotonhernerves.Doyouknow,sometimesonstill,quieteveninglikethis,Ialmostgetacreepyfeelingthattheywillallwalkinthroughthatwindow—”

Shebrokeoffwithalittleshudder.ItwasarelieftoFramtonwhentheauntbustledintotheroomwithawhirlofapologiesforbeinglateinmakingherappearance.

“IhopeVerahasbeenamusingyou?"shesaid.

“Shehasbeenveryinteresting,”saidFramton.

“Ihopeyoudon’tmindtheopenwindow,”saidMrs.Sappletonbriskly;“myhusbandandbrotherswillbehomedirectlyfromshooting,andtheyalwayscomeinthisway.They’vebeenoutforsnipeinthemarshestoday,sothey’llmakeafinemessovermypoorcarpets.Solikeyoumen-folk,isn’tit?”

Sherattledoncheerfullyabouttheshootingandthescarcityofbirds,andtheprospectsforduckinthewinter.ToFramtonitwasallpurelyhorrible.Hemadeadesperatebutonlypartiallysuccessfulefforttoturnthetalkontoalessghastlytopic;hewasconsciousthathishostesswasgivinghimonlyafragmentofherattention,andhereyeswereconstantlystrayingpasthimtotheopenwindowandthelawnbeyond.Itwascertainlyanunfortunatecoincidencethatheshouldhavepaidhisvisitonthistragicanniversary.

“Thedoctorsagreeinorderingmecompleterest,anabsenceofmentalexcitement,andavoidanceofanythinginthenatureofviolentphysicalexercise”announcedFramton,wholaboredunderthetolerablywide-spreaddelusionthattotalstrangersandchanceacquaintancesarehungryfortheleastdetailofone’sailmentsandinfirmities,theircauseandcure.“Onthematterofdiettheyarenotsomuchinagreement,”hecontinued.

“No?”saidMrs.Sappleton,inavoicewhichonlyreplacedayawnatthelastmoment.Thenshesuddenlybrightenedintoalertattention—butnottowhatFramtonwassaying.

“Heretheyareatlast!”shecried.“Justintimefortea,anddon’ttheylockasiftheyweremuddyuptotheeyes!”

Framtonshiveredslightlyandturnedtowardstheniecewithalookintendedtoconveysympatheticcomprehension.Thechildwasstaringoutthroughtheopenwindowwithdazedhorrorinhereyes.InachillshockofnamelessfearFramtonswungaroundinhisseatandlookedinthesamedirection.

Inthedeepeningtwilightthreefigureswerewalkingacrossthelawntowardsthewindow;theyallcarriedgunsundertheirarms,andoneofthemwasadditionallyburdenedwithawhitecoathungoverhisshoulders.Atiredbrownspanielkeptcloseattheirheels.Noiselesslytheynearedthehouse,andthenahoarseyoungvoicechantedoutofthedusk:“1said,Bertie,whydoyoubound?”

Framtongrabbedwildlyathisstickandhat;thehall-door,thegravel-drive,andthefrontgateweredimlynotedstagesinhisheadlongretreat.Acyclistcomingalongtheroadhadtorunintothehedgetoavoidimminentcollision.

“Hereweare,mydear,”saidthebearerofthewhitemackintosh,cominginthroughthewindow;“fairlymuddy,butmostofit’sdry.Whowasthatwhoboltedoutaswecameup?”

“Amostextraordinaryman,Mr.Nuttel,”saidMrs.Sappleton,“couldonlytalkabouthisillnesses,anddashedoffwithoutawordofgood-byeorapologywhenyouarrived.Onewouldthinkhehadseenaghost.”

“Iexpectitwasthespaniel,"saidtheniececalmly;“hetoldmehehadhorrorofdogs.HewasoncehuntedintoacemeterysomewhereonthebanksoftheGangeswiththecreaturessnarlingandgrinningandfoamingjustabovehim.Enoughtomakeanyonelosetheirnerve.”

Romanceatshortnoticewasherspecialty.

1.Thestorytookplace（）.

2.FramtonNuttelhadcometotheareato（）.

3.Framtontriedtotalkabouthisillnessbecause（）.

4.Theclimaxofthestoryoccurredwhen（）.

5.WhichofthefollowingstatementsdoyouthinkprobablybestdescribesVera?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.onanisolatedhuntingreserve

B.atthehomeofawealthyfamilyduringanorganizedsniping-shooting

C.atarestfulcountryhomewherethemenofthefamilyenjoyedhuntinginautumn

D.attheboardinghousewhereFramton’sisterhadoncelived

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.engageinsomehunting

B.recoverfromanervousbreakdown

C.sellrealestate

D.checkoutwherehissisterhadlived

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.hewantedtomakeitclearthathehadovercomehisproblems

B.hewasillateaseandhadthemistakenideathattheywouldbeinterested

C.hewasattractedtoVeraandwantedtoimpressher

D.hewasaboreandtoldeveryonehemetabouthispersonallife

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.FramtonfinallymanagedtotellthestoryofhisillnesstoVeraandMrs.Sappleton

B.thehunterswereglimpsedinthedistance

C.thehuntersandthesmalldogactuallywalkedthroughthewindowexactlyasVerahadsaidtheywould

D.Framtonmetthehuntersandheardtheirtalesofthehunt

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Sheisaself-possessedyounggirlthatcanhelpheraunttoentertainguestswithhospitality.

B.Sheisashygirlwhotendstobefrightenedintosilencempresencestrangers.

C.Sheisatimidgirlandgetsfrightenedatthesceneofhunting.

D.Sheisamischievousgirlwhoisquicktomakeuptalesandlikesplayingtricksuponpeople.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.推理判斷題。由第三段“Iknowhowitwillbe,”hissisterhadsaidwhenhewaspreparingtomigratetothisruralretreat…我知道會是什么樣子。”當(dāng)他準(zhǔn)備搬到這個鄉(xiāng)間別墅時，他姐姐說”以及“YoumaywonderwhywekeepthatwindowwideopenonanOctoberafternoon,你也許會奇怪，我們?yōu)槭裁丛谑碌囊粋€下午把那扇窗戶打開。”可知故事發(fā)生在秋天一間鄉(xiāng)村別墅里。并且文中多次提到Sappleton的丈夫和兩個弟弟出去打獵，故C項(xiàng)正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由“Thedoctorsagreeinorderingmecompleterest,anabsenceofmentalexcitement,andavoidanceofanythinginthenatureofviolentphysicalexercise醫(yī)生吩咐我充分休息，避免精神興奮和劇烈的運(yùn)動”可知Framton是來這個鄉(xiāng)村公寓療養(yǎng)精神疾病的。故B項(xiàng)正確。

3.推理判斷題。由“wholaboredunderthetolerablywide-spreaddelusionthattotalstrangersandchanceacquaintancesarehungryfortheleastdetailofone’sailmentsandinfirmities,theircauseandcure.他被一種相當(dāng)普遍的錯覺所迷惑，以為素不相識的人和偶然相識的人都渴望了解自己的病痛及其原因和治療方法的最細(xì)微之處。”可知Framton誤以為別人會對他說的內(nèi)容感興趣。故B項(xiàng)正確。

4.推理判斷題。由“Inthedeepeningtwilightthreefigureswerewalkingacrossthelawntowardsthewindow;theyallcarriedgunsundertheirarms,andoneofthemwasadditionallyburdenedwithawhitecoathungoverhisshoulders.Atiredbrownspanielkeptcloseattheirheels.Noiselesslytheynearedthehouse,andthenahoarseyoungvoicechantedoutofthedusk:“1said,Bertie,whydoyoubound?”暮色漸濃，有三個人影穿過草坪朝窗口走去。他們都把槍夾在腋下，其中一個肩上還披著一件白大褂。一只疲憊的棕色獵犬緊跟在他們的后面。他們躡手躡腳地走近房子，然后一個沙啞的年輕人的聲音從暮色中響起來:“我說，伯蒂，你為什么要跳?”可知這里是故事的高潮，因?yàn)閂era之前編了故事說這三個人被陷在沼澤了，三年了再也沒見到過，尸體也沒找到。這時候突然他們都回來了，讓讀者驚嚇，從而使故事的高潮到來。故C項(xiàng)正確。

5.推理判斷題。由全文內(nèi)容以及最后一段“Romanceatshortnoticewasherspecialty.“一眨眼就能編故事”正是她的特長。”可知Vera是個會編故事并且喜歡捉弄人。故D項(xiàng)正確。

14.寫作題

Directions:Inthispart,youarerequiredtowifeacompositionentitledHowtoS(“\'etheProblemofPollution.Youshouldwriteatleast200words,andbaseyourcompositionontheoutlinebelow.WriteyourcompositiononAnswerSheet2.

1.隨著社會的發(fā)展，各種原因造成的污染越來越嚴(yán)重

2.這些污染對我們生活的影響

3.我們應(yīng)該如何減少污染

【答案】略

15.單選題

Terrorismprovestobeamoreseriousproblemthananticipated,anditchallengesbothpolicymakersburdenedwiththedesignofcountermeasuresandsocialscientistswhoarecalledupontoexplainitTerrorism’suniquenatureisrevealedbytwophenomena.First,publicperceptionofthreatanddangerseemstobedisproportionatetoterrorists’actualcapabilities.Second,terrorism,morethananyotherformofwarfare,hasanimpactonatargetgroupimmenselylargerthanthatoftheimmediatevictimsandoftenonpopulationsbeyondthatterrorismbearsprimarilyonindividuals’perceptions,onthe“publicmind”;inotherwords,itisaformofpsychologicalwarfare.

Thepsychologicalimpactsofpoliticalterrorismarepotentiallymanifestinindividuals’emotionalandattitudinalresponses.Intherealmofemotions,thefearandconcernforpersonalsafety,whichterrortacticsmightgiveriseto,isarevealingindicatoroftheireffectiveness.Onecouldargue,ofcourse,thatterrorists’abilitytosowwidespreadfearhardlyneedsproofasitisobviousthatviolenceandparticularlytheterrorists’hallmark,randomlytargetedviolence,areanxietyinducing.Itshouldbenoted,however,thatterrorismhasclaimedrelativelyfewcasualtiestodate,andthatinmostcountriestheactualprobabilityofincurringharmfromterroristicactivityisonlyafractionof,say,theriskofdeathorinjuryinvehicleaccidentsorcommoncrimes.Hence,thepowerofterrorismtointimidateshouldnotbetakenforgranted.

Intimidationandtheinductionoffeararenottheendsofterrorists’activitybutrathermeanstoeffectpoliticalchange.Theirviolenceispredicatedontwoassumptions:(a)Violentactioncanforcethecausespursuedbyterroristsintotheforefrontofanindifferentpublic’sawareness;(b)facedwiththechoicebetweenc