教學過程及內容【知識點概述】現在完成時講解一、基本結構：主語+have/has+過去分詞（done）肯定句：主語+have/has+過去分詞+其他否定句：主語+have/has+not+過去分詞+其他一般疑問句：Have/Has+主語+過去分詞+其他特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+—般疑問句（have/has+主語+過去分詞+其他）二、用法1）現在完成時的"完成用法"現在完成時用來表示現在之前已發生過或完成的動作或狀態，但其結果卻和現在有聯系，也就是說,動作或狀態發生在過去但它的影響現在還存在.Hehasturnedoffthelight.他已把燈關了。（動作結束于過去，但說明的是現在的情況--燈現在不亮了。）Ihavespentallofmymoney.（含義是:現在我沒有錢花了.）Janehaslaidthetable.（含義是:現在桌子已經擺好了.）2）現在完成時的"未完成用法"指的是動作開始于過去某一時刻，一直延續到現在，或可能還要繼續下去。這里的動詞要用持續性動詞。常與for（+時間段）,since（+時間點）連用.Maryhasbeenillforthreedays.Maryhasbeenillsincethreedaysago.注意：現在完成時不能單獨與準確時間連用，（如表示過去的時間狀語）如yesterday（morning、afternoon）,last（morning、afternoon）等，除非與for,since連用.現在完成時往往同表示不確定的過去時間狀語連用，如already（肯定）,yet（否定，疑問），just,before,recently,still,lately等:Hehasalreadyobtainedascholarship.Havetheyfoundthemissingchildyet?Ihaven'tseenmuchofhimrecently（lately）.Wehaveseenthatfilmbefore.現在完成時常常與表示頻度的時間狀語連用，如ever,never,twice,severaltimes等：HaveyoueverbeentoBeijingIhaveneverheardBunnysayanythingagainsther.Ihaveusedthispenonlythreetimes.Itisstillgood.Georgehasmetthatgentlemanseveraltimes.現在完成時還往往可以同包括現在時間在內的時間狀語連用，如uptothesefewdays/weeks/months/years,just,uptopresent(now),sofar等Peterhaswrittensixpaperssofar.Uptothepresenteverythinghasbeensuccessful.現在完成時還可以用來表示過去的一個時間到現在這段時間內重復發生的動作Wehavehadfourtextsthissemester.6.havebeento和havegoneto的區別havebeento強調“去過”，現已不在那里，如：HehasbeentotheUSAthreetimes.他到美國去過三次。(過去“到美國"，現在已“不在美國")havegoneto主要強調的是“去了"，現在人不在說話的現場，如：--Where'syourmother?--你媽媽在哪？--Shehasgonetothehospital.--她去醫院了。hasbeenin一直在某地三、現在完成時考點例析現在完成時是較難掌握、中考考查較多的時態。涉及的考點有：一、考查其構成"助動詞have(has)+動詞過去分詞"構成現在完成時。如：Kate'sneverseenChinesefilms，?A.hasn'tsheB.hassheC.isn'tsheD.isshe析：陳述句部分含否定詞never，簡略問句部分要用肯定式，又因Kate's是Katehas的縮寫，故選B。Hisunclehasalreadypostedthephotostohim.(改為否定句)Hisunclepostedthephotostohim.析：already常用在肯定句中，yet常用在否定句、疑問句中，故填hasn't,yet。---AnnhasgonetoShanghai.---Soherparents.A.hasB.hadC.didD.have析："so+助/系/情態動詞+主語"結構中的動詞形式應與前句結構中動詞形式保持一致，又后句的主語為herparents是復數，故選D。二、考查其用法與標志詞（一）當句中有never,ever,just,already,yet,before等時，常用現在完成時。如：-Mum,mayIgooutandplaybasketball?-youyourhomeworkyet?A.Do;finishB.Are;finishingC.Did;finishD.Have;finished---youanywherebefore?---Yes,butIcan'trememberwhereIA.Did;surf;surfedB.Have;surfed;surfedC.Did;surf;havesurfedD.Have;surfed;havesurfed析：據yet和before可知，應用現在完成時，故1題選D，2題選D。（二）當句中有"for+段時間"或"since+點時間"等時，主句常用現在完成時，謂語動詞必須是延續性動詞，若是非延續性動詞，要改為延續性動詞或表狀態的詞（短語）。如：HisbrotherhasbeentoStoneForesttwicehecametoYunnan.A.afterB.beforeC.sinceD.for析：主句用的是現在完成時，而從句用的是一般過去時，故選CoTomtheCDplayerfortwoweeks.A.haslentB.hasborrowedC.hasboughtD.hashad析：A、B、C均為非延續性動詞，在肯定句中不與表"段時間"的短語連用，故選Do3.1aletterfromhimsinceheleft.A.didn'treceiveB.haven'tgotC.didn'thaveD.haven'theard析：據since可知，應排除A、C，"hearfromsb.=receive/get/havealetterfromsb."意為"收到某人的來信"，故選Bo三、考查have/hasbeen（to,in）/have/hasgone（to）的區別。如：---HaveyoueverLintongtoseetheTerraCottaWarriors?---Yes,Ihave.A.wenttoB.gonetoC.beeninD.beento析：據句中的have，排除A，B項意為"去某地了"，C項意為"一直呆在某地"，D項意為"去過某地"，符合題意，故選DoMyparentsShangdongfortenyears.A.havebeeninB.havebeentoC.havegonetoD.havebeen析：本題句中有"for+段時間"結構，據此可排除C,B項意為"去過某地”，不合題意，D項缺介詞，故選A。四、考查現在完成時與其他時態的聯系和區別。如：Sun'saunthasgonetherefortenyears.（改成正確的句子）析：非延續性動詞與"段時間"連用時，除了把非延續性動詞改成延續性動詞外，還可把動詞改為一般過去時或借助句型"It's+段時間+since+從句"進行句子轉換。故答案為：Sun'saunthasbeentherefortenyears./Sun'sauntwenttheretenyearsago./It'stenyearssinceSun'sauntwentthere.Susanhasbeeninthiscityformorethantenyears.（改為同義句）morethantenyearsSusantothiscity.析：據上題分析，且since引導的從句要用一般過去時，故填Itis,since,came。Iwon'tgototheconcertbecauseImyticket.A.lostB.don'tloseC.havelostD.iscoming析：因我丟了票的動作發生在過去，而且對現在造成了我不能參加音樂會的結果，符合現在完成時所表示的含意，故選C。英語的行為動詞有持續性動詞和瞬間性動詞之分，使用中應注意兩者的區別。一、持續性動詞：表示一個動作可以持續一段時間或更長時間。常見的study,play,do,read,learn,drive,write,clean,sleep,speak,talk,wait,fly,stay,sit,stand,lie,keep等。二、瞬間性動詞：表示一個動作發生在一瞬間，非常短暫。亦稱終止性動詞。常見的--begin,start,finish,go,come,leave,find,getup,arrive,reach,getto,enter,hear,stop,open,close,become,buy,borrow,lend,happen,join,lose,renew,die,takeaway,putup,setout,puton,geton/off等瞬間性動詞在完成時中如要與表示持續一段時間的狀語連用，通常有兩種方法：（1）用意思相當的持續性動詞來替換Hehasbeeninthearmy/asoldierforthreeyears.（他參軍已有3年了。）不用hasjoinedShehasbeenupforquitesometime.（她起床已有好久了。）不用hasgotupHasyourbrotherbeenawayfromhomeforalongtime?（離家已有好久了嗎？）不用hasleft常用瞬間動詞相應持續性動詞關系：1、go一beaway2、come一behere3、comeback—bebackleave一beaway（benothere）5、buy一have6、borrow一keep7、diebedead8、begin—beon9、finish—beover10open—beopen11、11、closebeclosed12、losebelost13、gettoknow—know14、turnon—beon15、getupbeup16、sitdown—sit/beseated17、join—bein(…)或bea^member18、become一be(2)用itis???since…結構來替換瞬間動詞，例如：電影已經開映5分鐘了。(兩種方法)Thefilmhasbeenonforfiveminutes.It'sfiveminutessincethefilmbegan.他離開上海已有3天了。(兩種方法)HehasbeenawayfromShanghaiforthreedays.ItisthreedayssinceheleftShanghai.這本書我還給圖書館已有兩周了。(一種方法)It'stwoweekssinceIreturnedthebooktothelibrary.他找到他妹妹已有多久了？(一種方法)Howlongisitsincebefoundhissister?瞬間動詞的否定形式可以與表示一段時間的狀語連用例如：Ihaven'tseenyouforalongtime.(好久沒見到你了。)【習題鞏固】所給詞的適當形式填空Allthefurnitureinthebuilding(belong)tothecompanynottohisown..WhenIwasatcollegeI(speak)threeforeignlanguages,butI(forget)allexceptafewwordsofeach.Wewouldhavewalkedtothestation.Itwassonear.Yes,ataxi(be)atallnecessary.Idon'treallyworkhere.I(justhelpout)untilthenewsecretaryarrives.He(break)hislegwhenhe(play)inafootballmatch.Thenewsecretaryissupposedtoreporttothemanagerassoonasshe(arrive).Asshe(read)newspaper,Granny(fhll)asleep.---Doyoulikethematerial?---Yes,it(feel)verysoft.---Comeonin,Tom.Iwanttoshowyousomething.---Oh,howniceofyou!I(think)you(go)tobringmeagift.----You'veagreedtogo,sowhyaren'tyougettingready?---ButI(realize)thatyou(want)ustostartatonce.Thehouseisdirty.We(clean)itforweeks.(Itell)thesportsmeetmightbeputoff.----Yes,italldependsontheweather.----I'msorrytokeepyouwaiting.----Oh,notatall.I(be)hereonlyafewminutes.Youdon'tneedtodescribeher.I(meet)herseveraltimes.Thecostofliving(goup)bytenpercentbeforethegovernmenttookanyaction.Bythetimenewpupil(gather)enoughcouragetoraisehishand,thebellfortheendofthelesson(ring).DidyougotoBeijingforvacation?1(plan)togo,butIgotsickatthelastminute.Whenwilltheyleave?----They(leave)verysoon.--Washestudyingforanexam?--Yes,he'sitnextweek.Aretheregoingtobemanypeopleatyourpartytoday?Wehopethat(therebego).Shemusthavearrivedtherelastnight,(do/have/need/must)she?22.theletter,Iranoutoftheroomtothepostoffice.Twelveinches(make)onefoot.I(thinkof)goingtoLondonnextmonth.He(study)Englishforsixyearsbythetimehetakeshisexamination.Bythistimenextyearhe(graduate)fromthiscollege.(hardlyIreach)theschoolwhenthebellrang.Hepromisedusthathe(be動)earlybuthe(arrive)yet.29.Theteachertoldthepupilsthattheearth(be)round.Themomenttheymet,theyknewthat(theyfrends).We(discuss)theproblemforquitesometime,butwe(reach)anyconclusionyet.Itwasn'tuntiltwoo'clockthatI(go)tosleep.---Where(youput)mybook?Ican'tseeitanywhere.---I(put)itonthistable.Butnowit'sgone.Perhapsitwillbealongtime(Tomcomeback)fromabroad.Ifthefilm(show)isourschool,we'llgoandseeit.How(youget)onwithyourEnglishthesedays.Notbad.What(youdo)whenIphonedyouthismorning?---1(justfinish)myhomeworkandwasstartingtotakeaboat.I(neverread)suchaninterestingbookbefore.thattheearthwasthecentreoftheuniverse.APeoplewerebelievingBItwasoncebelievedTwooftheboys(hurt)whileplayingfootball.Prices(rise)sharplyinthepastfewyears.Thenumberofthestudentsinourschool(addupto)1200.Whathesaidatthemeeting(prove)true.Howlongdoyouthinkthemeeting(last)TheMay4thmovement(takeplace)in1919.Thesekindsofshoes(notsell)well.Onreturninghome,IfoundI(leave)umbrellaintheoffice.Onceyou(make)apromise,youmustcarryitout.She(marry)Charlesforayear.ThesingerlivedinCaliforniauntilhe(sent)touniversity.

句型轉換1、Hehasneversurfed,?（改成反意疑問句）2、Theyhavebeenheresince2000.（對劃線部分提問）havetheybeenhere?3、Theoldmanlastyear.Heforayear.（die）（動詞填空）4、Thisfactoryopenedtwentyyearsago.（同義句轉換）Thisfactoryfortwentyyears.5、MissGaoleftanhourago.（同義句轉換）MissGaoanhourago.6、HermotherhasbeenaPartymemberforthreeyears.（同義句）HermotherthePartythreeyears.7、TheGreenFamilymovedtoFrancetwoyearsago.（同義句轉換）twoyearstheGreenfamilymovedtoFrance.課堂檢測聽課及知識掌握情況反饋測試題題.：正確率：教學需：加快□保持□放慢□增加內容□課后鞏固作業題：鞏固復習：：預習布置：:參考答案1、belongs2spoke,haveforgotten3wasn't4amjusthelpingout5、broke,wasplaying6、arrives7、/r/