住在富人區的她2022年考研考博-考博英語-西南政法大學考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據實際調整大小）題型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題

TV,radioandnewspaperareimportant（

）foradvertising.

問題1選項

A.features

B.broadcasting

C.publications

D.media

【答案】D

【解析】名詞辨析題。A選項feature“特色，特征”；B選項broadcast“廣播”；C選項publication“出版，發表”；D選項media“媒介”。句意：電視、廣播和報紙是廣告的重要媒介。選項D符合句意。

2.單選題

Weliveinanunusualtimewithcorporatedownsizing,restructuring,andtheincreaseinglobalcompetition.Someviewthesetimesasproblematic,othersseetheincredibleopportunitiescreatedbysuchchange.

Inthelastdecadetherehasbeenahugegrowthinhome-basedandservice-industrybusinesses.Thesebusinesseshavebeenstartedbyindividualswiththecouragetopursuetheirdreams.Yet,foreveryideathatimplemented,thousandsofideasnevergetbeyondtheconceptualstagefromtheimaginationtoaplanofaction.

Whatholdspeoplebackfrompursuingtheirdreamsandactionsontheirgreatideas?Ibelieveit’sfearoffailure.Someoneoncesaid“therearealotofwaystobecomeafailure,butnevertakingachanceisthemostsuccessfulway..,I'vealsohearditsaidthatpeopledon'tplantofailtheyfailtoplan.

Companiesthesedaysmustbewillingtoandabletochangeconstantly.Sometimescompanieschangecoursetosurvive,andsometimestheydosobecauseanopportunityistoogoodtoresist.Iknowofasmallcompanythatprovidedamessengerserviceseveralyearsago.Asuddenmajorincreaseincorporateuseoffaxmachinesnearlyputthissmallcompanyoutofbusiness.Fortunately,theownerofthecompanywasastuteenoughtorealizeotherglobalcorporatetrendshappeningatthesametime.Asthosecompanieswereacquiringfaxmachines,squarefootageofofficespacewasdecreasing,generatinganeedformoreoffsitespace.Theownershiftedgearsfromofferingamessengerservicetoprovidinganoffsiterecordsstorageservice,andsoonbusinesswasboomingonceagain.

Itallcomesdowntoperspective.Whentherewasadownturnintheeconomy,somepeoplecouldsaytothemselves,“Thisisterrible!Withthedownturnintheeconomy,no-bodywillhaveabudgetformyservices.”OR...whileothersthought,“Thisisgreat!Withthetighteningofthebudgetandthelossofsupportstaff,there'sanevengreaterneedforexecutives,professionals,andentrepreneurstobemoreproductiveandeffective,whichispreciselywhatI'mheretohelpthemdo!”

Asimportantaspositivementalattitudeis.Stonesaysthat“thereissomethingmoreimportantthanbelieving.Action!Theworldisfullofdreamers,therearen'tenoughwhowillmoveaheadandbegintotakeconcretestepstoactualizetheirvision.”

1.Themainreasonforanincreaseinbusinessesinthepasttenyearsis（

）.

2.Themosteffectivewayofbecomingafailureis

（

）.

3.TheauthorusestheexampleinParagraph4toillustratethat

（

）.

4.Whichofthefollowingismainlyexpressedinthepassage?

問題1選項

A.theincreaseinglobalcompetition

B.theincredibleopportunitiesintheworld

C.thatindividualsarecourageoustotaketherisk

D.thatmorepeopletrytorealizetheirgoals

問題2選項

A.neverpursuingadream

B.nevertakinganopportunity

C.nevermakingaplan

D.neverfailingtoplan

問題3選項

A.companiesshouldmakeconstantchangestomeetthecompetitioninordertosurvive.

B.itallcomesdowntoperspective

C.anideacanbetherootofgreatsuccess

D.economicsuccessdependsonchanges

問題4選項

A.Perspectiveisenoughtomakeprogress.

B.Failureisthemotherofsuccess.

C.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.

D.Positivementalattitudealongwithactioncanleadtosuccess

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:D

【解析】1.判斷推理題。根據關鍵詞“inthepasttenyears”定位到第二段一二句“Inthelastdecadetherehasbeenahugegrowthinhome-basedandservice-industrybusinesses.Thesebusinesseshavebeenstartedbyindividualswiththecouragetopursuetheirdreams.在過去的十年里，以家庭為基礎的商業和服務業有了巨大的增長。這些企業是由有勇氣追求夢想的個人創辦的。”也就是說，最主要的原因是：更多的人有勇氣追求夢想，即試圖實現他們的目標，所以選項D符合原文。

2.細節事實題。根據第三段第三句“…therearealotofwaystobecomeafailure,butnevertakingachanceisthemostsuccessfulway…失敗的方式有很多，但從不抓住機會是最主要的方式。”選項B與原文表述一致，所以正確。

3.判斷推理題。根據第四段的內容可知，作者在此舉例是為了說明第四段首句提出的觀點“Companiesthesedaysmustbewillingtoandabletochangeconstantly.如今的公司必須愿意并且能夠不斷地改變。”也就是說，為了生存，公司應該不斷地做出改變以適應競爭。選項A符合原文。

4.主旨大意題。根據最后一段的內容可知：與積極的精神狀態同樣重要的是行動!世界充滿了夢想家，但能勇往直前并付諸行動去實現自己夢想的人卻不多。只有將積極的精神狀態與行動結合才能取得成功。所以選項D為本文的主旨。

3.單選題

Agoodscientist（

）intoallaspectsofaprobleminordertofindsolutions.

問題1選項

A.pricks

B.pokes

C.probes

D.peers

【答案】C

【解析】動詞辨析題。A選項prick“戳，扎破”；B選項poke“戳，刺”；C選項probe“調查”；D選項peer“凝視”。句意：一個好的科學家會對調查問題的各個方面，以便找到解決辦法。選項C符合句意。

4.單選題

Ifyou（

）yourdemand,thenmaybeyouwillhavemorechanceofgettingwhatyouwant.

問題1選項

A.conduct

B.dismiss

C.grant

D.moderate

【答案】B

【解析】動詞辨析題。A選項conduct“組織”；B選項dismiss“解散，解雇；不予理會，不予考慮”；C選項grant“授予”；D選項moderate“節制，減輕”。句意：如果你不考慮自己的需求，你將會有更多的機會獲得你想要的。選項B符合句意。

5.單選題

Ifshe（

）herefforts,shewillsucceed.

問題1選項

A.goeson

B.retains

C.holdsinto

D.maintains

【答案】D

【解析】同義詞辨析題。A選項goon“繼續”，后面需接介詞with；B選項retain“保持，保留”；C選項holdinto無此搭配；D選項maintain“維持，繼續”。句意：如果她繼續努力，她會成功的。選項D更符合語境。

6.單選題

Thisbookwasaworkofsuch（

）thatittook20yearstowrite.

問題1選項

A.magnitude

B.extent

C.degree

D.amount

【答案】A

【解析】名詞辨析題。A選項magnitude“大小，量級”；B選項extent“程度，范圍”；C選項degree“程度，等級”；D選項amount“數量，總額”。句意：這本書是如此龐大的一個作品，以致于花了20年才寫成。選項A更符合語境。

7.單選題

Eachmonth5Yuanis（

）frommysalaryforhouse-repairingpayment.

問題1選項

A.excluded

B.expelled

C.compelled

D.docked

【答案】D

【解析】動詞辨析題。A選項exclude“排除”；B選項expel“驅逐，開除”；C選項compel“強迫”；D選項dock“使靠碼頭，從（工資）中扣除（一部分的錢）”。句意：每個月從我的工資中扣去5元用于修房子。選項D符合句意。

8.單選題

Acomprehensivemarketsystemshouldbeestablishedto（

）theflowoftalent,fundsandmaterials.

問題1選項

A.suffice

B.necessitate

C.facilitate

D.fabricate

【答案】C

【解析】動詞辨析題。A選項suffice“使滿足”；B選項necessitate“使成為必需”；C選項facilitate“促進，幫助”；D選項fabricate“偽造”。句意：應該建立完善的市場體系促進人才、資金和物資的流動。選項C符合句意。

9.翻譯題

PutthefollowingpassagesintoChinese:

Itisnotpossibleforamereawardofmoneytoputhiminthepositionhewouldhaveenjoyedhadthebargainbeenperformed.Thebargainmustthereforebeperformed.Butthecourtsrarelycompelthespecificperformanceofacontract,savewhereitisoneforthesaleofrealestate,sinceeveryparcelofrealpropertyisdeemedtobeunique,special,anduniquelyvaluabletoitsowner.Thereareotherkindsofcontractsthatcanbespecificallyenforced,buttheirnumberislimitedanddwindlinginanunsentimental,commercialworldinwhichthepaymentofmoneyisusuallydeemedtheproperremedyforeverylossordisappointmentsuffered.Undercertaincircumstances,anaggrievedpartycanavoidacontractthathepreviouslyagreedtomake.Thisisknownasrescissionoravoidanceofthecontract.Bythisrelief,thepartiesaretobeplacedinthepositioninwhichtheyfoundthemselvesbeforethecontractwasmade.

Litigantshavemutualincentivestosaveonlitigationcostsbysettlingoutofcourt.Theyavoiduncertaintrialoutcomesanddelaysandcanagreetokeepsettlementsconfidential.Insomecases,settlementsmaybereachedthroughalternativemethodsofdisputeresolution,suchasvoluntaryarbitrationormediationGenerally,detailsofcivildisputessettledbeforeatrialarenotreportedtothecourtsandhencearenotincludedinpubliclyavailabledataThosedatathereforeshowonlypartofthepicture—theremaybeimportantdifferencesbetweencasesthatgototrialandcasesthatsettleoutofcourt.Forexample,casesthatgototrialprobablyinvolvelargerdollaramounts,onaverage.Nevertheless,trialverdictssetprecedentsforallcasesandthusaffecttheincentivetosettlebysignalingthevalueandprobabilityofsuccesstofuturelitigants.

【答案】僅僅是金錢判決不可能讓他享有履行協議而帶來的處境。因此，協議必須履行。但是，法院很少會強制協議的具體實施，除非協議是針對不動產的出售，因為每一份不動產對它的所有者而言被認為是獨特的、特殊的和具有特別價值的。也有另外一些可以具體地被強制執行的協議，然而，在金錢經常被視為彌補所遭受損失或失望的合理手段的這個無情的商業世界里，這類協議的數量是有限的并一直在減少。在某些情況下，受侵害的一方可以廢止自己先前同意簽訂的協議。這被稱為解除或廢止協議。通過這種補救方法，協議各方發現他們自己處于協議簽訂之前的境地。

訴訟當事人都有通過庭外和解的方式去節約訴訟成本的動機。通過該方式，他們避免不確定的審判結果與延期，并且可以同意保密和解協議。在一些情況下，和解協議可能通過替代性糾紛解決方法來達成，比如自愿仲裁或調解。一般情況下，和解的民事糾紛細節在審判前不會呈上法庭，因此它們不包含在公開信息中。因此，那些公開信息僅僅展現了所有案件的一部分—法庭審判的案件和庭外和解的案件間可能存在巨大的差異。比如，一般來說，法庭審判的案件很可能牽涉更多的金錢數量。然而，審判裁決為所有的案件開創了先例，因此，它們通過示意利害關系及勝訴的可能性，影響了今后訴訟當事人去解決糾紛的動機。

10.單選題

Accordingtothe“hygienehypothesis”firstproposedin1989,exposuretoavarietyofbacteria,virusesandparasiticwormsearlyinlifehelpsprimeachild’simmunesystem,muchlikesensoryexperiencesprogramhisbrain.Withoutsuchearlyinstruction,theimmunesystemmaygoindisorderandoverreactwithallergiestofoods,pollenandpetfurorturnonthebody’sowntissue,settingoffautoimmunedisorders.

Manyofthesemicroorganismsevolvedsymbioticallywithhumansovermillionsofyears—theso-called"oldfriends’’theory.Butwheretheyhavebeeneradicated,akeypartofhumandevelopmenthasbeenthrownoff.“Thevastmajorityofmicrobesareharmless.Thereareonlyafewdozenthatcancauselethalinfections.”saysThomasMcDade,directoroftheLaboratoryforHumanBiologyResearchatNorthwesternUniversity.

In1998,aboutoneinfivechildreninindustrializedcountriessufferedfromallergicdiseasessuchasasthma,allergiesandrashes,accordingtotheInternationalStudyofAsthmaandAllergiesinChildhood,aglobalresearchinitiative.TheincidenceofpeanutallergyintheUStripledbetween1997and2008,accordingtoareportfromMountSinaiSchoolofMedicineinNewYork.ButsuchdiseasesarestillrelativelyrareinAfricaandruralAsia.“Thegeographicaldistributionofallergicandautoimmunediseasesisamirrorimageofthegeographicaldistributionofvariousinfectiousdiseases.”saysareportbyFrenchresearchersdevotedtothehygienehypothesis.

Exposuretoimmune-stimulatinggermsmayalsolowertheriskofheartdisease,accordingtoDr.McDade.Butthereareotherdangerslurkinginmuddywaterandanimalfaces.MichaelBell,aninfectiousdiseasespecialistanddeputydirectorofHealthcareQualityPromotionattheCentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention,saysthatpeopleshouldbevigilantaboutwoundcaresincebacteriacancauseproblemsiftheygetintothebloodstream,andhestilladvocateshand-washing.“Ifyou’renotdoingittentimesaday,you'reprobablynotdoingitenough.”hesays.Butheandotherexpertssaythatregularsoapandwaterarefineinmostcases.Sterilizinghandsiscriticalmainlyforhealth-careworkersandinhospitals,wheredisease-causinggermsareprevalentandcaneasilyspread.

Manyexpertsadvisecommonsense.“Wedon’twanttosaytochildren.OK,playbythedirtyriverbankandcatchwhateveryoucan.”saysDr.Weinstocks."Butwecansaythere'snothingwrongwithkidsplayinginthedirt.Theydon'thavetoliveintotalsanitation,andtheywon’tdiefromeatingsomethingoffthefloor.It’sprobablymorehealthythannot.”

1.The“hygienehypothesis”proposedthatexposuretovariousvirusesandgermsinearlychildhood（

）.

2.Whatifwelivewithoutanymicroorganisms?

3.AccordingtoFrenchresearchers,thegeographicaldistributionofallergicandautoimmunediseases

（

）.

4.WhatdoesMichaelBellsuggestwedoindailylife?

5.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?

問題1選項

A.eliminateschildhooddiseasessuchasasthmaandallergies

B.provestobeanimportantpreventionagainstcancer

C.provestobenecessaryforthedevelopmentofimmunesystem

D.increasessusceptibilitytoallergicandautoimmunediseases

問題2選項

A.Wewillneverbeinvolvedintheallergies.

B.Wewilleradicatetheoutbreaksofmanyinfectiousdiseases.

C.Wemaymissanimportantpartofhumandevelopment.

D.Wemayfindnoeffectivemedicalcuretomanydisease.

問題3選項

A.hasnothingtodowiththatofvariousinfectiousdiseases

B.isexactlythesamewiththatofvariousinfectiousdiseases

C.iscompletelyoppositetothatofvariousinfectiousdiseases

D.showsnocomparabilitywiththatofvariousinfectiousdiseases

問題4選項

A.Becarefulaboutwoundcare.

B.Washhandswithin10timesaday.

C.Consulthealth-careworkers.

D.Sterilizeyourhandseveryday.

問題5選項

A.Childrenshouldbeencouragedtoplayindirtyplaces.

B.Moreeffortsshouldbemadeinpublichealth.

C.Parentsneedn’tworryaboutchildrenplayinginthedirt.

D.Excessivecleannessisrequiredathomebutnotoutdoors.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】1.判斷推理題。根據第一段第一句“根據1989年首次提出的“衛生假說”，兒童在早期的生活中接觸各種細菌、病毒和寄生蟲，有助于兒童的免疫系統做好準備，就像感官體驗對大腦進行編程一樣。”由此可推斷，這個“衛生假說”證明了免疫系統發展的重要性，選項C符合原文。

2.細節事實題。根據第二段一二句“Manyofthesemicroorganismsevolvedsymbioticallywithhumansovermillionsofyears—theso-called“oldfriends”theory.Butwheretheyhavebeeneradicated,akeypartofhumandevelopmenthasbeenthrownoff.許多微生物在數百萬年的時間里與人類共生進化，這就是所謂的“老朋友”理論。但是，在它們被根除的地方，人類發展的一個關鍵部分就被拋棄了。”選項C符合原文。

3.判斷推斷題。根據關鍵詞“Frenchresearchers”定位到第三段最后一句“‘Thegeographicaldistributionofallergicandautoimmunediseasesisamirrorimageofthegeographicaldistributionofvariousinfectiousdiseases.’saysareportbyFrenchresearchersdevotedtothehygienehypothesis.‘過敏和自身免疫性疾病的地理分布是各種傳染病地理分布的一個鏡像。’一份由法國研究人員撰寫的關于衛生假說的報告稱。”鏡像與原像是相反的，這里是說他們的地理分布也是完全相反的，所以選項C正確。

4.細節事實題。根據關鍵詞“MichaelBell”定位到倒數第二段第三句“MichaelBell,...,saysthatpeopleshouldbevigilantaboutwoundcaresincebacteriacancauseproblemsiftheygetintothebloodstream,andhestilladvocateshand-washing.MichaelBell表示，人們應該要注意傷口的護理，因為細菌一旦進入血液就會引發問題，他還提倡勤洗手。”選項A符合原文；選項B和D不符合原文描述；選項D在文中沒有提及，所以本題選A。

5.判斷推理題。根據最后一段第二句“...there'snothingwrongwithkidsplayinginthedirt.Theydon'thavetoliveintotalsanitation,...孩子們在泥土里玩耍沒有什么錯，他們不必生活在完全衛生的環境中...”所以選項C“父母不必擔心孩子在泥土里玩耍”符合原文。

11.單選題

I'veheardthatyouaregoingto（

）theboss'sjobwhensheretires.

問題1選項

A.putupwith

B.putinfor

C.putoutto

D.putinon

【答案】B

【解析】詞組辨析題。A選項putupwith“忍受，容忍”；B選項putinfor“申請”；C選項putoutto“拿出去”；D選項putinon沒有此搭配。句意：我聽說你打算在老板退休后申請（接替）她的職位。選項B符合句意。

12.單選題

Onenteringtheroom,he（

）hiseyesrounditbutsawnothingstrange.

問題1選項

A.jerked

B.flung

C.tossed

D.cast

【答案】D

【解析】動詞辨析題。A選項jerk“猛拉”；B選項fling“擲，拋”；C選項toss“拋，投”；D選項cast“投擲”。選項B，C，D都要投擲的意思，但只有選項D能與后面的round搭配使用，castround意為“尋找”，句意：一進房間，他就環視四周（尋找），但沒有發現什么奇怪的東西。選項D符合句意。

13.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingintoChinese

MembersshallgiveeffecttotheprovisionsofthisAgreement.Membersmay,butshallnotbeobligedto,implementintheirlawmoreextensiveprotectionthanisrequiredbythisAgreement,providedthatsuchprotectiondoesnotcontravenetheprovisionsofthisAgreement.MembersshallbefreetodeterminetheappropriatemethodofimplementingtheprovisionsofthisAgreementwithintheirownlegalsystemandpractice.

ForthepurposesofthisAgreement,theterm“intellectualproperty”referstoallcategoriesofintellectualpropertythatarethesubjectofSectionIthrough7ofPartII.

MembersshallaccordthetreatmentprovidedforinthisAgreementtothenationalsofotherMembers.Inrespectoftherelevantintellectualpropertyright,thenationalofotherMembersshallbeunderstoodasthosenaturalorlegalpersonsthatwouldmeetthecriteriaforeligibilityforprotectionprovidedforintheParisConvention(1967),theBerneConvention(1971),theRomeConventionandtheTreatyonIntellectualPropertyinRespectofIntegratedCircuits,wereallMembersoftheWTOmembersofthoseconventions.AnyMemberavailingitselfofthepossibilitiesprovidedinParagraph3ofArticle5orParagraph2ofArticle6oftheRomeConventionshallmakeanotificationasforeseeninthoseprovisionstotheCouncilforTrade-RelatedAspectsofIntellectualPropertyRights(the“CouncilforTRIPS”)

Criminallawisdistinctivefortheuniquelyseriouspotentialconsequencesoffailuretoabidebyitsrules.Everycrimeiscomposedofcriminalelements.Anelementofacrime(collectivelycalledelementsofcrime)isabasicsetofcommonlawprinciplesregardingcriminalliabilitythat,withfewexceptions,constitutetheessentialelementstoprovethatthedefendantcommittedacrimeunderUnitedStateslaw.Thejurymustbeconvincedbeyondareasonabledoubtthatthedefendantcommittedeachelementoftheparticularcrimechargedbeforedecidingonaguiltyverdict.Thecomponentpartsthatmakeupanyparticularcrimevarydependingonthecrime.Thebasiccomponentsarementalstate(Mensrea),conduct(Actusreus),concurrenceandcausation.However,thetwonecessaryelementsthatmustcoexistforacrimetoexististhatthedefendantmusthavecommittedanactandthatactmusthavebeencommittedintentionally.

【答案】各成員均必須實行本協定中的規定。各成員可以但并無義務，在其法律中實施比本協定要求更廣泛的保護，只要此種保護不違反本協定的規定。各成員有權在其各自的法律制度和實踐中確定實施本協定規定的適當方法。

在本協定中，“知識產權”一詞系指屬于本協定第二部分第1節至第7節中的所有類別的知識產權。

各成員應根據本協定的規定給予其它成員以國民待遇。對于相應的知識產權，其它成員的國民被認為是符合《巴黎公約（1967）》、《伯爾尼公約（1971）》、《羅馬公約》和《關于集成電路的知識產權條約》中所規定的保護資格標準的自然人或法人，即WT0的所有成員似乎都已加入了這些公約。任一運用了《羅馬公約》第五條第3款或第6條第2款規定的可能性的成員，均應根據這些條款的預告，通知“與貿易有關的知識產權理事會（TRIPS理事會）”。

刑法因未能遵守其規定導致的無可匹敵的嚴重潛在后果而是與眾不同的。每項罪行由犯罪要素構成。一項罪行的一個要素（共同地被稱為犯罪要素）是一套基本的關于刑事責任的普通法法則，而這些法則極少例外地構成了證明被告在美國法律之下犯罪的基本要素。在確定一項有罪裁定之前，陪審團必須無疑地確信被告犯了所被指控的特定罪行的每一個要素。組成任何特定罪行的構成要素依據罪行而變化。基本的要素是心理狀態（犯罪意圖），行為（犯罪行為），同時發生和起因。然而，對于一項罪行存而必須并存的兩個必要要素是被告一定要犯下一個罪行且那個罪行是故意犯下的。

14.單選題

TheforeignstudentinChinais（

）withagooddealofChineseculture.

問題1選項

A.scattered

B.overflowed

C.permeated

D.manipulated

【答案】C

【解析】形容詞辨析題。A選項scattered“分散的，散亂的”；B選項overflowed“溢出的”；C選項permeated“滲透，彌漫”，bepermeatedwith洋溢著；D選項manipulated“操作”。句意：在中國的外國學生洋溢著大量的中國文化氣息。選項C更符合語境。

15.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish

第二條：專利法所稱發明，是指對產品、方法或者其改進所提出的新的技術方案。

綜上所述，原告認為：原告與被告天津天利食品有限公司簽訂的借款合同及抵押合同合法有效，理應全面、實際履行。

從廣義上來講，中國司法體系的機構設置由三大部分組成：人民法院系統、人民檢察院系統和公安機關系統。

本協議經有關雙方如期簽署后生效，有效期為一年，從2010年2月1日至2011年1月31日。

【答案】Article2:Theinventioninpatentlawreferstothenewtechnicalsolutionputforwardtoproducts,methodsandtheirimprovement.

Asawhole,theaccuserbelievethatthecontractforloanandmortgagecontract,madebytheaccuserandtheaccusedTianjinTianliFoodCo.Ltd.,areeffectiveandshouldbefulfilledentirelyandpractically.

Initsbroadsense,thestructuralestablishmentinChina’sjudicialsystemconsistsofthreemainparts,namelypeople'scourtsystem,people'sprocuratoratesystemandpublicsecurityorgansystem.

Afterbeingsignedbybothpartiesconcernedasscheduled,thecontractwillbecomevalidforoneyearfromFebruary1,2010toJanuary31,2011.

16.單選題

Thefarmersreceiveda（

）fromthegovernmenttogrowhiscrop.

問題1選項

A.subsidy

B.subsidiary

C.subordinate

D.successor

【答案】A

【解析】名詞辨析題。A選項subsidy“補貼”；B選項subsidiary“輔助者”；C選項subordinate“下屬，下級”；D選項successor“繼承者”。句意：農民們從政府那里得到了補貼來種植作物。選項A符合句意。

17.單選題

Bynowhehasreachedthe（

）ofhisambition.

問題1選項

A.superiority

B.resolution

C.summit

D.procedure

【答案】C

【解析】名詞辨析題。A選項superiority“優越”；B選項resolution“分辨率，決心”；C選項summit“頂點”；D選項procedure“程序，步驟”。句意：到目前為止，他已經達到了他抱負的頂峰。選項C符合句意。

18.單選題

Imustleavenow.（

）ifyouwantthatbookIwillbringittomorrow.

問題1選項

A.Occasionally

B.Accidentally

C.Incidentally

D.Subsequently

【答案】C

【解析】副詞辨析題。A選項Occasionally“偶爾，間或”；B選項Accidentally“意外地，偶然地”；C選項Incidentally“順便，附帶地”；D選項Subsequently“隨后，后來”。句意：我必須得離開了。順便說一句，如果你想要那本書，我明天就帶過來。選項C符合語境。

19.單選題

Ifyouwanttoseethefutureofbroadbandcommunications,looktothestars.Theheavenscouldsoonbefilledwithmorethan400satellitesprovidinginternetuserswithlowcost,direct-to-the-homeconnectionsthatarehundredsoftimesfasterthantoday'sdial-upmodems.Withunobstructedviewsofvirtuallytheentireworld,satellitesarepoisedtodeliverinteractivebroadbandservicesinwaysevenadvancedground-basednetworkswillbehard-pressedtomatch.

Thenewbreedofsatelliteswillactaspowerfulsignalrepeatersinthesky,receivingandresendingradiotransmissionsfromground-basedantennas.Costingfarlessperunitcapacitythanmostsatellitesnowinservice,theywillemploynewdigitaltechnologiesthatwillimprovethecapacity,reliabilityandsecurityofdatacommunications.Moreover,becausethesystemswilloperateatextremelyhighradiofrequencies,theywillusenarrowradiobeamscapableofcommunicatingwithultrasmallantennasthatcanbeeasilymountedonmosthomes.

Twotypesofsatellitesystemshavebeenproposed.Geostationarysatelliteswillorbit36,000kilometers22,000milesabovetheequatoratthesamespeedastheearth'srotationandthusappearfromthegroundtobestationary.Theywillcommunicatewithfixedorientationdishantennasattachedtocustomers’homesanduseadvancedsignalprocessingtocompensatefortransmissiondelayscausedbythegreatdistancestheirradiosignalsmusttravel.Low—earthorbit(LEO)satellites,incontrast,willcircletheglobeonceeverytwohoursataltitudesunder1,500kilometers,reducingthetimeneededtobeamsignalstoandfromtheearth'ssurface.Buttheywillrequiresophisticatedsubscriberantennasabletotrackandcommunicatewiththefast---movingLEOsatellites.

Bothtypesofsatelliteswillavoidmanyofthecomplicationsthatplagueground-basednetworks.Specificadvantagesincludethefollowing.

Thedirtylittlesecretofbroadbandisthatthetechnicallimitationsofgroundbasednetworkswillseverelyrestrictavailability.Digitalsubscriberline(DSL)signalsdecayonlongtelephonelinesoronthoseofpoorquality.Localmultipointdistributionservice(LMDS)signalscannotpenetrateleafytrees,buildingsorotherobstructions.Cableperformancedeterioratesiftoomanyhouseholdsinaneighborhoodlogonatthesametime.Fiber-to-the-homeissocostlyasaretrofitthatisusuallyconsideredeconomicallyviableonlyfornewhousingconstruction.ForuptoonethirdofthepopulationintheU.S.andanevengreaterportionworldwide,satellitetechnologywillnotsimplybeachoice,itwillbethechoice.

1.Whichofthefollowingisnottrueaccordingtothepassage?

2.AllofthefollowingismentionedasthenewtypeofsatellitesisdescribedEXCEPT（

）.

3.Whydoesageostationarysatelliteappeartobeimmobile?

4.Whatadvantagedoesthelastparagraphintendtofocuson?

問題1選項

A.SatelliteswillmaketheaccesstotheInternetcheaperandmoreconvenient.

B.Satellitescostlessthantoday’sdial-upmodems.

C.Satelliteswillbesuperiortoground-basednetworkstodeliverinteractivebroad-bandservices.

D.Ground-basedantennascansendradiotransmissions.

問題2選項

A.narrowradiobeamswillbeused

B.newdigitaltechnologieswillbetaken

C.thesystemsofthemwillworkatextremelyhighradiofrequencies.

D.theirsignalscanbeeasilymountedonmosthomes.

問題3選項

A.Becauseitisfixedallthetime.

B.Becauseitsorbitspeedisthesameastheearth’srotation.

C.Becauseitspositionisabovetheequator.

D.Becauseitcancommunicatewithfixed-orientationdishantennas.

問題4選項

A.SatellitescanimprovetheavailabilityoftheInternet.

B.TotransmittheDSLsignalswithoutdelay.

C.Theirsignalscanpenetrateobstructions.

D.Lowcost

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:A

【解析】1.細節事實題。根據第一段第二句“providinginternetuserswithlowcost”可知選項A正確；根據第一段最后一句“...satellitesarepoisedtodeliverinteractivebroadbandservicesinwaysevenadvancedground-basednetworkswillbehard-pressedtomatch.衛星靜止不動的以先進的地面網絡也難以匹敵的方式提供交互式寬帶服務。”選項C符合原文。根據第二段第一句“receivingandresendingradiotransmissionsfromground-basedantennas.接收和重新發送來自地面天線的無線電傳輸。”選項D符合原文。只有選項B在文中沒有提及，所以不正確。

2.細節事實題。根據第二段倒數第二句“theywillemploynewdigitaltechnologies.”可知選項B正確；以及最后一句“thesystemswilloperateatextremelyhighradiofrequencies,theywillusenarrowradiobeamscapableofcommunicatingwithultrasmallantennasthatcanbeeasilymountedonmosthomes.該系統將在極高的無線電頻率下運行，它們將使用能夠與超小型天線通信的窄無線電波束，這種天線可以很容易地安裝在大多數家庭中。”選項A和C符合原文；選項D中的“signals”與原文中的“antennas”不符，所以不正確。

3.細節事實題。根據關鍵詞“geostationarysatellite”定位到第三段第二句“Geostationarysatelliteswillorbit36,000kilometers22,000milesabovetheequatoratthesamespeedastheearth'srotationandthusappearfromthegroundtobestationary.地球同步衛星將以與地球自轉相同的速度繞赤道上空36000公里、22000英里的軌道運行，因此從地面上看是靜止的。”由此可知，選項B符合原文。

4.判斷推理題。根據最后一段的首句“Thedirtylittlesecretofbroadbandisthatthetechnicallimitationsofgroundbasednetworkswillseverelyrestrictavailability.寬帶的一個不為人知的小秘密是地面網絡的技術限制將嚴重限制其實效性。”接下是進行具體的舉例說明，最后提及：衛星技術將不僅僅是被選擇，而是必須選擇。所以由此推斷，最后一段的重點是強調衛星可以提高互聯網的可用性。選項A正確。

20.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish

公民、法人的合法民事權益受法律保護，任何組織和個人不得侵犯。

已滿16歲的人犯罪，應當負刑事貴任。

【答案】Thelawfulcivilrightsandinterestsofcitizensandjuristicpersonareprotectedbythelaw,andanyorganizationorindividualisnotallowedtoinfringethem.

Apersonofnolessthan16yearsoldwhocommitsacrimeshallbearcriminalresponsibility.

21.單選題

I'mafraidI（

）forgotherbirthday.

問題1選項

A.pure

B.right

C.sheer

D.clean

【答案】C

【解析】副詞辨析題。A選項pure“純粹的”；B選項right“正確的”；C選項sheer“完全，徹底”；D選項clean“干凈的”。句意：我恐怕完全忘記她的生日了。選項C符合句意。

22.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish.

一個人的生命究竟有多大意義，這有什么標準可以衡量嗎?提出一個絕對的標準當然很困難；但是，大體上看一個人對待生命的態度是否嚴肅認真，看他對待勞動、工作等等的態度如何，也就不難對這個人的存在意義做出適當的估計了。

古來一切有成就的人，都很嚴肅地對待自己的生命，當他活著一天，總要盡量多勞動、多工作、多學習，不肯虛度年華，不讓時間白白地浪費掉。我國歷代的勞動人民及大政治家、大思想家等等都莫不如此。

【答案】Whatisthesignificanceoflife?Isthereanycriterionforitsmeasurement?Difficultasitistoadvanceanabsoluteone,itwillnotbesotojudgetheverymeaningofone’sexistencegenerallyfromwhetherheisseriousaboutlifeandwhathisattitudeistowardsworkandlife.

Throughouttheages,allpeopleofaccomplishmenttaketheirlivesseriously.Aslongastheyarealive,theywouldratherdevotethemselvestomoreworkandstudythanletasingleminuteslipbyinvain.Andthesameistrueofthecommonlabourersaswellasthegreatstatesmenandthinkersinourcountry.

23.單選題

Thefoxreallyexasperatedthemboth.Assoonastheyhadletthefowlsout,intheearlysummermornings,theyhadtotaketheirgunsandkeepguard;andthenagainassoonaseveningbegantomellow,theymustgooncemore.Andhewassosly.Heslidalonginthedeepgrass;hewasdifficultasaserpenttosee.Andheseemedtocircumventthegirlsdeliberately.OnceortwiceMarchhadcaughtsightofthewhitetipofhisbrush,ortheruddyshadowofhiminthedeepgrass,andshehadletfireathim.Buthemadenoaccountofthis.

Thetreesonthewoodedgewereadarkish,brownishgreeninthefulllight—foritwastheendofAugust.Beyond,thenaked,copper-likeshaftsandlimbsofthepinetreesshoneintheair.Nearertheroughgrass,withitslong,brownishstalksallagleam,wasfulloflight.Thefowlswereroundabout—theduckswere