中考英語閱讀理解專項練習綜合（word）一、初三英語閱讀理解(含答案詳細解析)1.閱讀理解Scrapbookingisahobby.Itwaspopularformorethan500years.Peoplecalleditafriendshipbook.Theykeptpictures,letters,poemsandotherthingstheywantedtoremember.Todaypeoplecollectmanythingsinscrapbooks.Somepeoplehavefunnycollections,liketheworld'smostawkwardideasorpicturesoftheworld'smostuglydogs.Otherpeoplemaycollectstoriesaboutthebadweather.Itiseasytogetstarted.First,youshoulddecidewhatyouwanttocollect.Startwithjustoneidea.Next,youwillneedabookwithbackgroundpaper,scissorsandglue.Youneedthescissorstocutoutthepicturesorstories.Youneedthegluetostickthemtothebackgroundpaper.Youcanbebusyandcollectmanythingsorlazyandcollectfewthings.It'llbelotsoffuntomakeyourscrapbookandyoucanshareitwithyourfriends.(1)Howlongwasscrapbookingpopular?A.lessthan500yearsB.500yearsC.over500yearsD.morethan550years(2)WhatistheChinesemeaningoftheunderlinedword"awkward"?A.聰明的 iB.愚蠢的 C.美妙的 iD.殘疾的Howmanyitems(物品)arementionedtomakeascrapbook?A.One. B.Two. C.Three. D.Four.Tomakeascrapbook,whatdoyouneedfirst?A.Glue. B.Scissors. C.Abook. D.Anidea.What'sthebesttitleofthepassage?A.Scrapbooking B.TheHistoryofScrapbookingC.WhatIsaScrapbook? D.HowtomakeaScrapbook【答案】(1)C⑵BCD⑸A【解析】【分析】本文介紹了剪粘書的通途，可以保存照片、信件、詩歌和其他他們想記住的東西。(1)細節(jié)題。根Itwaspopularformorethan500years可知它流行了500多年，故選C。(2)詞義猜測題。根據(jù)picturesoftheworld'smostuglydogs.Otherpeoplemaycollectstoriesaboutthebadweather世界上最丑陋的狗的照片。其他人可能會收集壞天氣的故事可知awkward指愚蠢的，故選B。(3)細節(jié)題。根據(jù)youwillneedabookwithbackgroundpaper,scissorsandglue你需要——本背景紙、剪刀和膠水的書可知 3種物品被提到制作剪貼簿，故選 Co(4)細節(jié)題。根據(jù)First,youshoulddecidewhatyouwanttocollect. 可知要制作剪貼簿，你首先需要，故選Do(5)主旨題。根據(jù)本文介紹了剪粘書的通途，可知Scrapbooking適合做標題，故選A。【點評】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細節(jié)題，詞義猜測題和主旨題四種常考題型，細節(jié)題要注意從文中尋找答案，詞義猜測題需要根據(jù)上下文提煉相關信息鎖定詞意，主旨題需要通讀全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。2.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容理解選擇正確答案。BEveryoneworries.Buthowdoyoudealwithyourworries?Whetheryourworriesarebigorsmall,youcantakethesethreestepstodealwithyourworries:Trytofindoutwhatyou'reworriedabout.Sometimes,youwillknowwhatyou'reworriedabout.Othertimes,youmightnot.Trytofinditoutfirst.Ifyoucan't,youcanaskforhelp.ThinkofwaystomakeitbetterThereisalwayssomethingyoucandotohelpyoufeellessworried.Sittingthereworryingisnofunanditwon'tyolvreproblem.Gradesatschoolareoftenatopworryforkids.Ifyou'reworriedaboutgrades,askyourselfthesequestions:☆Whyaregradesimportant?Whatdogradesmeantome?☆HowdoIgetreadyforclass?DoIgoover(復習) mynotesevenwhenthereisn'tatest?☆DoIhaveagoodplacetodomyhomework?☆HaveItrieddifferentwaysofstudying?AskforhelpWhenyou'reworried,itcanhelptofindsomeonetotalkto.Youcanaskyourparents,friends,orteachersforhelp.Howmanystepsofdealingwithyourworriesarementioned (提及) inthepassage?A.Two B.Three C.Four D.SevenWhenyoudon'tknowwhatyou'reworriedabout,.A.youshouldtrytofinditout B.youcan'taskforhelpC.youdon'tneedtothinkofways D.youcansitthereworryingIfyou'reworriedaboutgrades,youcanaskyourselfthesequestionsexcept ” .A.Whyaregradesimportant? B.Whatdogradesmeantome?C.HowdoIgetreadyforclass? D.Whydon'tmyfriendslikeme?【答案】(1)B⑵A(3)D【解析】 【分析】這篇短文主要講述了如何應對煩惱的三種方法，一是找出自己擔心的問題，二是想辦法讓情況變得更好，三是請求幫助。⑴細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Whetheryourworriesarebigorsmall,youcantakethesethreestepstodealwithyourworries:描述，可知本題主要提到了三步應對煩惱的方法。故選 B。⑵細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Trytofinditoutfirst;ifyoucan't,youcan 描述，可知當你‘taskforhelp.不知道自己的煩惱是什么時，不要去請求幫助。故選A。⑶細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中列出的幾個問題 ★,可知不包括選項Do【點評】閱讀理解考查對篇章的把握和對細節(jié)的識別能力，答題時注意緊扣問題中的關鍵詞，在文章中尋找答案。3.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容選擇正確答案。BWhenyou'renotathome,manyworriesmaystarttocrowdyourmind.DidIturnthecoffeemakeroff?DidIlockthedoor?Arethekidsdoingtheirhomeworkorwatchingtelevision?Withasmarthome,youcanquietalloftheseworries.Asmarthomeisahomewithacommunicationnetwork.Thisnetworkconnectsdevices(裝置),suchaslightsandTVsets,andallowsthemtobecontrolledfromfarawaythroughelectricalwiring,mobilephonecommunicationorWiFiovertheinternet.Moreandmorepeoplemaystarttoconsiderowningasmarthome,becauseitmakeslifemuchmoreconvenient.Itcanhelpkeepyourroomatacertaintemperature.Itcanrecordwhathappensinsidethehomeandsendthevideotoyourphone.Whenyouareonvacationabroad,youcanuseasmarthomecontrollertoswitchonorofftheelectricitywhennecessary.Somesmarthomescanreceiveavisitor,allowinghimtocomeinandofferinghimadrink.Theycanevenfeedthecatandwatertheplants.Besides,smarthomesareeasytofix.Mostsmarthometechnologyanddevicesarewirelessandcanbesetupwithaminimumoftools,usingonlytheguidinginformation.Whenaproblemappears,youcandealwithityourselfwithoutpayingaprofessional.However,forhome-users,thesmarthometechnologyisfarfromperfect.Itcanberatherexpensivetoownthetechnologyandthedevices.Also,becausethesmarthomesystem(系統(tǒng))allowitsownertogethomeinformationfromanywhere,itleavesthehomeeasytobeattackedbyhackers(黑客),whomaysecretlyuseorchangetheinformationinthesystem.Now,manyscientistsareexcitedatthefutureofsmarthometechnology.Imaginebeingabletogetfashionadvicefromyourmirror,orreceivefoodshoppingsuggestionsfromyourrefrigerator.Whilethereareotherswhoworrythatthosesmartdeviceswillmakepeoplelazierandlonelier.Whateveritis,onethingisforsure---smarthometechnologywillchangethewayweliveandwork.(1)Accordingtothepassage,nowadaysasmarthomecanlockthedoorthroughA.electriclightsB.mirrortechnologiesC.mobilephonesD.shoppingprograms(2)Thethirdparagraphofthepassageismainlyabout.A.thestepstousesmartsystems B.thepricesofsmartprogramsC.theadvantagesofasmarthome D.thetoolsforsettingupsmartdevices(3)WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutasmarthomeaccordingtothepassage?Smarthomescan'thelpfeedpetsnowadays.Smarthomescostsalotofmoneyatpresent.Youcan'tcontrolyoursmarthomeinothercountries.It'shardforhackerstogetinformationfromsmarthomes.（4）What'sthewriter'sopinionaccordingtothepassage?Peoplewillbecomelesshappyinthefuture.People'slifestylewillbedifferentinthefuture.Mobilephonesarethemostimportantinsmarthomes.Smarthomesaremuchbetterthanothersmartsystems.【答案】（1）CCBB【解析】【分析】本文介紹了智能家居的基本功能和新型理念，作者認為智能家居技術將對我們的生活和工作方式帶來變革。（1）推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段 allowsthemtobecontrolledfromfarawaythroughelectricalwiring,mobilephonecommunicationorWiFiovertheinternet.可知智能儀器可以通過電線，手機，無線網(wǎng)絡等控制。electriclights電子光線；mirrortechnologies鏡像技術；mobilephones移動電話；shoppingprograms購物程序。故選 C。（2）段落大意。根據(jù)第三段第一句 Moreandmorepeoplemaystarttoconsiderowningasmarthome,becauseitmakeslifemuchmoreconvenient.可知越來越多的人開始考慮擁有一個智能家庭，因為它給生活帶來極大的方便，結合下文可知都是在談論智能家庭的優(yōu)點。故選 C。（3）細節(jié)理解。根據(jù) Theycanevenfeedthecatandwatertheplants可知A錯誤；根據(jù)第四段Itcanberatherexpensivetoownthetechnologyandthedevices.可知B正確；根據(jù)第三段Whenyouareonvacationabroad,youcanuseasmarthomecontrollertoswitchonorofftheelectricitywhennecessary.可知C錯誤；根據(jù)第四段itleavesthehomeeasytobeattackedbyhackers（黑客），可知D錯誤。故選B。（4）觀點態(tài)度。根據(jù)最后一句話 Whateveritis,onethingisforsure---smarthometechnologywillchangethewayweliveandwork.可知智能家庭技術會改變我們生活和工作的方式。故選B。【點評】讀說明文時首先確定文章的中心句，通常在句首，然后快速瀏覽文章內(nèi)容。閱讀問題，找到問題中的關鍵詞。在文章中定位問題中的關鍵詞，答案就在關鍵詞附近。4．閱讀理解Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinfamilylifebecauseofscienceandindustry（工業(yè)）.Inthepast,whenmostAmericanslivedonfarms,thetypicalfamilyhadmanychildren.Inafarmfamily,parentsandtheirchildrenoftenlivedwithgrandparents.Usually,unclesandauntslivednearby.ButwhenindustrybecamemoreimportantthanagricultureinAmericanlife,familiesbecamesmallerbecauseindustryrequiresworkerswhoarereadyandabletomoveoffthelandandmoveagainwhenevernecessary.Andlargefamiliescannotmovefromplacetoplaceassmallerfamilies.So,atpresentpeopletendtohavesmallerfamilies.Inthefuture,becauseofindustrialization,atypicalfamilywillberequiredtomoveevenmoreoftenthannow,sofamilieswillbeevensmaller.Thetypicalfamilymayremainchildlessandconsistonlyofamanandawoman.Asmallnumberoffamiliesmaytakeraisingchildrenastheirchiefwork.Atthesametimetheymayalsoraiseotherpeople'schildren,leavingthosefamiliesfreetomovefromjobtojob.Whichofthefollowingtopicsisdiscussedinthepassage?ThedevelopmentofscienceandindustryinAmerica.TheinfluenceofscienceandindustryonAmericanfamilies.C.Harmfuleffectofindustrialization.D.Socialproblemsresultingfromthehighly-developedscienceandindustryinAmerica.Whatkindsoffamiliesaredescribedinthepassage?A.Familiesofthepastandthepresent. B.Familiesofthepresentandthefuture.C.Familiesofthepastandthefuture. D.Familiesofthepast,thepresentandthefuture.WhatisoneofthereasonsthatfamiliesaregettingsmallerinAmerica?Childrentendtoleavetheirparentsandgrandparentswhentheygrowup.Peoplestopcaringforchildren.Theneedforworkerswhoareabletomoveatanytimehasbeenincreasing.Botholdandyoungpeopleprefertolivebythemselves.Whatcanyouinferfromthepassage?Scienceandindustryhavecausedthousandsoffamiliestosplit(破裂)Childrendonotlivewiththeirparentsorgrandparents.Largefamiliescanhardlysurviveinmodernsociety.Americansareverychoosyabouttheirjobs.【答案】(1)B⑵DCC【解析】【分析】文章大意：由于工業(yè)的發(fā)展，家庭也受到了影響，原來的家庭孩子多，而現(xiàn)在的家庭孩子少，由于工業(yè)的發(fā)展家庭會總是搬動，有的家庭只有一個孩子或者沒有孩子。(1)細節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinfamilylifebecauseofscienceandindustry(工業(yè)).可知家庭受到了科學和工業(yè)發(fā)展的影響，故答案是 B。(2)細節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，短文涉及到了過去的家庭，現(xiàn)在的家庭和將來的家庭，故答案是D。(3)細節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)Inthefuture,becauseofindustrialization,atypicalfamilywillberequiredtomoveevenmoreoftenthannow,sofamilieswillbeevensmaller. 可知對于工人們能夠隨時搬動的需求，所以家庭變得原來越小，故答案是 C。(4)邏輯推理題，根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，工人們可能會隨時要搬家，大的家庭就沒有這樣的便捷，所以大家庭就不適于生存在現(xiàn)代的社會，故答案是 Co【點評】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細節(jié)理解題和邏輯推理題。細節(jié)理解題可以直接從文中尋找答案；邏輯推理題需要結合具體語境，由已知內(nèi)容推出未知的可能的事實。.閱讀理解On26February,IgotanemailfrommyfriendDavid,askingmetogotoTanzaniatotraintheirsoftwareengineers.ThecompanyislocatedinDaresSalam,abeautifulcoastalcitytothewestoftheIndianOcean.IstayedforabouttwoweeksinthatcitylasttimeIwasthere.Duringmystaythere,Davidtookmetothenearbybeachandwehadawonderfulwalkalongthecoastwhichhadleftadeepimpressiononme.Iwasimpressedbytheoceanwaterandthedeepbluesky.Aftermorethan19hoursofairtravel,IwasfinallyhereatDaresSalaamAirport.Thetemperatureherewashighasusual-over30degrees.Ifeltshortofbreathbecauseoftheunbearableheatinthistinyhall.WhenIfinallygotmyturn,Ihandedmypassporttotheofficerinfrontofme,Hehadacloselookatmypassport.Thenheaskedthepurposeofmystay,ItoldhimIjustwantedtotravelhere."Wheredoyouwanttovisit?"heaskedagain."DaresSalsam.""What'syourjob?"heasked."I'masoftwareengineer.IwillneverforgetthisexperiencethatIhad.Istilllovethiscountry.11)Wheredidthewritergo?A.NewZealand. B.Nepal. C.India. D.Tanzania.Thewriterstayedinthecityforaboutlasttime.A.oneweek B.twoweeks C.threeweeks D.fourweeksTheweatherwaswhenthewriterarrivedattheairport.A.snowy B.foggy C.sunny D.windyWhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?ThewriterreceivedanemailfromhisfriendDavid.Theytookawalkalongthecoast.ThewriterflewtoDaresSalaam,Thewriterdidn'tlikethejourneybecauseitwasveryhot.⑸What'sthebesttitleforthepassage?A.Afamouscompany B.AtriptoTanzaniaC.SomecustomsinTanzania D.Agoodfriendofmine【答案】(1)D⑵BCD

⑸B【解析】【分析】主要講了作者受好朋友 David的邀請去坦桑尼亞旅行。細節(jié)題。根據(jù)On26February,IgotanemailfrommyfriendDavid,askingmetogotoTanzaniatotraintheirsoftwareengineers.可知作者受好朋友David的邀請去坦桑尼亞旅行，故選D。(2)細節(jié)題。根據(jù)IstayedforabouttwoweeksinthatcitylasttimeIwasthere. 可知作者待了大約2周，故選Bo(3)細節(jié)題。根據(jù)Thetemperatureherewashighasusual-over30degrees.可知溫度在30度以上，所以天氣是晴朗的，故選 Co(4)細節(jié)題。根據(jù)IwillneverforgetthisexperiencethatIhad.Istilllovethiscountry.可知作者從不忘記這次經(jīng)驗，仍然喜歡這個國家，所以作者喜歡這次旅行，故選 Do(5)主旨題。根據(jù)全文可知主要講了作者受好朋友 David的邀請去坦桑尼亞旅行。故選Bo【點評】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細節(jié)題和主旨題常考題型，細節(jié)題要注意從文中尋找答案；主旨題需要通讀全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。6.閱讀理解Agedbetween18and40years?Canyouwork8hoursadaytohelpsortparcels(分揀包裹) fromlateJanuarytotheendofFebruary?Payrates7:00am---6:00pm￥12/hour6:00pm---7:00am￥1夕hourIfyouarecarefulandcanworkwellwithothers,pleasejoinus.Formoreinformation,call400-889-5543.IfWangQiangworksfrom9:00amto5pm,howmuchcanhegetaday?A.￥60 B.￥75 C.￥96 D.￥120WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?Peopleworkingatnightgetmoremoney.Anypersonunder45canapplyforthejob.PeoplehavetostarttoworkattheendofFebruary.ThejobistogetparcelstoStoExpress.Thematerialmaybefroma.A.book B.notice C.maganize D.newspaper【答案】(1)C⑵A(3)D【解析】【分析】文章大意：這是申通快遞招聘廣告，年齡，工作時間及報酬。(1)細節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)廣告中 7:00am---6:00pm￥12/hour可知從上午9點到下午5點,共八個小時，每小時12美元，一天能掙96美元，故選Co(2)細節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)7:00am---6:00pm￥12/hour從上午7點到下午6點每小時12美元；6:00pm---7:00am￥15/hour從下午6點到早晨7點每小時15美元，通過對比可知晚上工作掙錢更多，故選 A。(3)推理判斷題，這是一則廣告，所以這個材料可能登在報紙上，故選Do【點評】考查閱讀理解，本文是一則廣告，主要涉及細節(jié)理解題，在文中找到答案的依據(jù)。7.閱讀理解Weallknowthatmanyinventionshavechangedourlifealot.Theyplayimportantrolesinourdailylife.Herearesomeinterestinginventions.MorpherPeoplerefusetowearhelmetsbecausethey'rethickandheavy.Morpherisabikehelmetmadeofplastic.Itisjustasstrongastraditionalhelmets,butitcanbefoldedalmostcompletelyflat,makingiteasiertocarry.Morphermaybeavailableforsaleinstoresinthenearfuture.HyperAdaptHaveyoueverseenthemovieBacktotheFuture?Maybeeveryonewantsthepairofshoesinthemoviethatcantightenorloosenbythemselves.Now,thankstotheshoefactory,thedreamisrealized.Whenyoupushabuttonontheshoe,HyperAdaptcantightenorloosenaroundthefeet.FlyteFlyteisalightbulbthatcanfloatandturn.FlytehasbeenpopularwithmostpeoplesinceitcameoutinJanuary,Thecompanyalsointroducedalotofsimilarproducts,includingaplanter,Lyfe,whichcameoutinJune.LittlePrinterItlookslovelyandiscalledLittlePrinter,Thismachinecanprintnewsheadlines(摘要)riddlesandotherthingsonaroll(卷)ofpaper,Ifyouwanttomakeyourownlittlenewspaper,don'tforgettouseit.Morpherismadeof.A.steel B.plastic C.gold D.woodWhat'sthemainuseoftheLittlePrinter?A.Toprotectourheadsmoresafely.B.Totightenorloosenbythemselvesaroundthefeet.C.Tofloatandturninthewater.D.Toprintnewsheadlines,riddlesandotherthings.Theunderlinedword"button"means""inChinese.A.按鈕 BO鈴 Ct梯 熊盤Whatkindofinventioncanfloatinthepassage?A.Morpher. B.LittlePrinter. C.Flyte. D.HyperAdapt.⑸WhichofthefollowingisWRONGaccordingtothepassage?MaybeeveryonewantsthepairofshoesinthemovieBacktotheFuture.YoucanmakeyourownlittlenewspaperwiththeLittlePrinter.FlytehasbeenpopularwithmostpeoplesinceitcameoutinFebruary.Morphercanbefoldedalmostcompletelyflat,makingiteasiertocarry.【答案】(1)B⑵DAC⑸C【解析】 【分析】文章大意：發(fā)明改變了我們的生活，在日常生活中起到了重要作用。文章介紹了四種有趣的發(fā)明：可以變形的自行車頭盔，超適應的鞋，漂浮和轉動的燈泡和小型打印機。(1)細節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)Morpherisabikehelmetmadeofplastic.可知Morphe是塑料制成的，故答案是Bo(2)細節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)Thismachinecanprintnewsheadlines(摘要)，riddlesandotherthings,可知小型打印機可以打印文章的標題，t語還有其他的東西，故答案是 D。(3)細節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)Whenyoupusha|buttonontheshoe, 可知是要按鞋上的按鈕因此button的意思是按鈕，故答案是 Ao(4)細節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)Flyteisalightbulbthatcanfloatandturn.可知Flyte可以漂浮，故答案是Co(5)正誤判斷題，根據(jù)FlytehasbeenpopularwithmostpeoplesinceitcameoutinJanuary,可知Flyte是二月份發(fā)明的，而不是一月份 ，故答案是C【點評】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細節(jié)理解題和正誤判斷題。細節(jié)理解題可以直接從文中尋找答案；正誤判斷題同屬于細節(jié)理解題，需要根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容做出正誤判定。8.閱讀理解WiththeChineselanguagegrowinginpopularity,theUKgovernmentplanstoinvest10millionpoundstohelpmorekidslearnChinese.DoyouthinkitisnecessaryforUKpupilstolearnChinese?Seneca(Canada)IstudiedFrenchfor2yearsinhighschool,andGermanfor4yearsincollegeandgotgoodmarks.IstudiedChineseforabout4monthsbeforemovingtoChina.Anylanguage,ifyoudon'tuseit,itwillbeeasytolose.I'veforgottentheFrenchIlearnedexceptforafewphrases.IspeakChineseeveryday.Mywriting,readingandlisteningarequitegood,butfarfromfluent.Ithinknowadays,it'salmostnecessarytolearnChinese.Tony(theUK)Learninganylanguagecanbevaluable,butitisnotsuitableforeveryone.Chineseisadifficultlanguagetolearn,andteachersintheUKarenotgoodatteachingforeignlanguages.However,ChinaisabiganddevelopingmarketforEnglishbusinesspeople.Forthem,Chineseisworthlearning.Bill(theUS)Idon'tthinkChinesewillbecomeaswidelyspokenthroughouttheworldasEnglish.TolearnChinese,youhavetodevoteyourselftolearninghowtowriteandreaditIt'stoodifficulttolearn.ButinthefutureChinesewillbecomemorepopular,andthatisagoodthing.SenacalearntGermanfor.A.2years B.4months C.4years D.6yearsTheunderlinedword"fluent"means""inChinese.A.糟糕的 iB.流利的 C.完美的 iD.成熟的Fromthepassageweknow.Billdoesn'tthinkChinesewillreplaceEnglishinthefutureBillthinksitiseasytolearnChineseteachersinEnglandareverygoodatteachingChineseSenecaisverygoodatspeakingChineseWhat'sthebesttitleforthepassage?HowtolearnChinesewellChinesewillbethefirstlanguageintheworldDoyoulikeChinese?IsitnecessarytolearnChinese?【答案】(1)C⑵BAD【解析】【分析】主要講了來自加拿大、英國和美國的學生對學習漢語有必要嗎的觀點。(1)細節(jié)題。根據(jù)IstudiedFrenchfor2yearsinhighschool,andGermanfor4yearsincollege可知學習法語2年，學習德語4年，故選Co(2)推斷題。根據(jù)前句 Mywriting,readingandlisteningarequitegood我的寫作、閱讀和聽力是好的，但是遠不流利，故選 Bo(3)細節(jié)題。根據(jù)Idon'tthinkChinesewillbecomeaswidelyspokenthroughouttheworldasEnglish.可知Bill認為漢語不像英語一樣被全世界廣泛說，即漢語不會取代英語，故選Ao(4)主旨題。根據(jù)全文可知主要講了來自加拿大、英國和美國的學生對學習漢語有必要嗎的觀點。故選Do【點評】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細節(jié)題、推斷題和主旨題三種常考題型，細節(jié)題要注意從文中尋找答案；推斷題需要聯(lián)系上下文，推斷出需要的信息；主旨題需要通讀全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。9.閱讀理解SAFETYRULESONTHEMTRTRAINSAtthestation:?Bepatient.Lineupontheplatform(站臺) andwaitforthetrain.?Bepolite.Letpassengersgetofffirst.?Donotrushontothetrain.Itisdangerous.?Whenyouheara"beep"sound,donotgetonthetrain.Thedoorisclosing.Waitforanothertrain.Onthetrain:?Donoteatordrinkonthetrain.Itmakesthetraindirty.?Donotrunonthetrain.?Giveyourseattooldmenorwomen,thedisabledorwomencarryingbabies.Thetextismainlyabouthowto.A.beacarefuldriver B.buyMTRticketsC.beagoodpassenger D.keepsafeathomePeoplewhowillgetonthetrainshould.A.waitinline B.openthedoor C.askforhelp D.leavetheseatsWhenyouheara"beep"sound,.A.closethedoor B.rushontothetrainC.getoffthetrainatonce D.stopandwaitforthenexttrainThetextisprobablya.A.report B.notice C.diary D.poem【答案】(1)C⑵ADB【解析】【分析】文章介紹了地鐵站的一些應遵守的規(guī)則。(1)細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)SAFETYRULESONTHEMTRTRAINS可知，本文主要告訴讀者如何成為一名乘客，故答案是 Co(2)細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Bepatient.Lineupontheplatform(站臺)andwaitforthetrain.可知，上火車應該排隊等候，故答案是 A。(3)細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Whenyouheara"beep"sound,donotgetonthetrain.Thedoorisclosing.Waitforanothertrain.可知，當你聽到了警示聲音，不能上車，要等下一趟車，故答案是Do(4)主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，這是一則通告或者告示，告訴乘客有關乘車安全事宜，故答案是B。【點評】考查閱讀理解題，本文涉及到了細節(jié)理解題和和主旨大意題。細節(jié)理解題比較簡單，可知直接從文章中找到答案，主旨大意題則需要根據(jù)結合文章的主要內(nèi)容確定中心意思。10.閱讀理解WhenCarsonPalmer,aprofessionalAmericanfootballplayer,hurthisarmafewyearsago,hetookaweekofftostopthrowingthefootball.Butinhishead,Palmerpracticedeveryday.Thefollowingweekend,Palmerhadthebestgameofhislife.Formorethanacentury,scientistshavebeentryingtounderstandhowthismentaltrainingworks.Inthe1930s,researchersprovedbyexperimentthatwhenyou'reimagininganaction,yourbrainsendssignalstoyourmuscleswhicharetooweaktotightenthemusclesbutmighthelptrainthebodytoperform.Inotherwords,mentalpracticemightcreateaplaninyourhead,likeahow-toguideforaspecialskill.Sportsresearchershavedonehundredsofstudiescomparingimaginedandphysicalpracticeforactions.Inshort,thestudiesshowthatmentaltrainingworks.A2012studycompared32nonprofessionalgolferswithanother32whoonlyimaginedtheiraction.Underthesametrainingprogram,bothgroupsimprovedtheirskills.Imaginationhasadvantagesovertherealthing:Youcandoitanywhereandanytime.Itissafe---amainadvantageforpeoplesuchasgymnastsanddoctors.Andyoucanpracticeforlongerperiodsoftimebecauseyou'renotcontrolledbyphysicaltiredness.That'snottosayit'seasy."we'vehadOlympic-levelsportsmensittinginourlaboratory,imaginingfortwohours,"saysTadhgMacintyre,asportsresearcherinIreland."Whenwe'redone,they'recompletelytired."Itdoesn'tworkforeveryone,though."Ifyou'reabeginner,theinfluencecanbeharmful,"warnsMacintyre.Ifyou'retryingtoimagineafreethrow,andyoudon'tevenknowthepropermovement,thenyou'reprobablygoingtomentallypracticethewrongskill,andyourskillisgoingtobeimpaired."(1)Howdoesmentaltrainingactonone'sphysicalpractice?Takingaweekofffrombeingtired.Performingtheactionbeforeimagining.C.Usingimaginationtoguideone'sbody.D.Buyingahow-toguidebeforementaltrainingWhatdoweknowaboutimaginationtraining?Itisnotinfluencedbytimeandspace.Itiseasiertodothanrealpractice.Itismoreusefulforgolfers.Itisfitforeveryone.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"impaired"inPara.5mean?A.weakened B.mastered C.tested D.improvedWhatcanbethebesttitleofthetext?A.ANewWayofDoingSportsB.AdvantagesofImaginationC.MethodsforMentalPracticeD.MentalTrainingMakesYoubetter?【答案】(1)C⑵AAD【解析】 【分析】文章大意：本文主要介紹了心理訓練與體育實踐的關系，從而說明了心理訓練會使你更好。(1)細節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段 whenyou'reimagininganaction,yourbrainsendssignalstoyourmuscleswhicharetooweaktotightenthemusclesbutmighthelptrainthebodytoperform.Inotherwords,mentalpracticemightcreateaplaninyourhead,likeahow-toguideforaspecialskill.可知心理的訓練可能在頭腦中產(chǎn)生一個計劃，指導你的技能，故選 Co(2)細節(jié)題。根據(jù)Imaginationhasadvantagesovertherealthing:Youcandoitanywhereandanytime.可知想像力可以在任何時間和地點都能做，不受時間和空間的影響，故選Ao(3)詞義猜測題。根據(jù)Ifyou'reabeginner,theinfluencecanbeharmful,Ifyou'retryingtoimagineafreethrow,andyoudon'tevenknowthepropermovement,thenyou'reprobablygoingtomentallypracticethewrongskill, 可知如果你是一個初學者，你不知道正確的動作，你憑借你的想像去做，可能做得差。可猜測出impaired是差的或弱的,故選A。(4)主旨題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，本文主要介紹了心理訓練與體育實踐的關系，從而說明了心理訓練會使你(做得)更好。故選 Do【點評】考查閱讀理解。細節(jié)題、詞義猜測題和主旨題都是常考題型。細節(jié)題要注意細節(jié)從文中找答案；詞義猜測題是根據(jù)上下文，猜測出詞義；主旨題需要通讀全文了解大意之后找出中心思想。11.閱讀理解ThemaindifferencebetweenChinaandWesterncountriesonthedinnertableischopsticksinsteadofaknifeandfork,butthat'sjustasmalldifference.Besides,indecent(像樣的)restaurants,youcanalwaysaskforaknifeandfork,ifyoufindthechopsticksnothelpfulenough.TherealdifferenceisthatintheWest,youhaveyourownplateoffood,whileinChinathedishesareplacedonthetableandeveryoneshares.Ifyouarebeingtreatedtoaformal(正式的)dinnerandparticularlyifthehostthinksyou'reinthecountryforthefirsttime,hewilldohisbesttogiveyouatasteofmanydifferenttypesofdishes.Themealusuallybeginswithasetofatleastfourcolddishes,followedbythemaincoursesofhotmeatandvegetabledishes.Soupwillthenbeserved(unlessitisaGuangdong-stylerestaurant),followedbyrice,noodlesordumplings.PerhapsoneofthethingsthatsurpriseaWesternvisitormostisthatsomeoftheChinesehostsliketoputfoodontotheirguests'plates.Informaldinners,therearealways"public"chopsticksandspoonsforthispurpose,butsomehostsmayusetheirownchopsticks.Thisisasignofrealfriendshipandpoliteness.Itisalwayspolitetoeatthefood.Ifyoudonoteatit,justleavethefoodontheplate.PeopleinChinatendtoover-orderfood,fortheywillfinditembarrassing(令人尷尬的) ifallthefoodisconsumed(吃光).Whenyouhavehadenough,justsayso,oryouwillalwaysovereat!What'stherealdifferencebetweenChineseandWesterntablemanners?A.Thetoolspeopleusetoeat. B.Whetherpeoplesharefoodonthesameplate.C.Thethingspeopleliketoeat. D.Howtobeginthedinnerpolitely.IfaforeignerfirstcomestohavedinnerinaChinesefamily,hemaybe.A.givenlittlefood B.servedwithricefirstC.servedwithmanydishes D.askedtouse"public"chopsticksWhichofthefollowingistheRIGHTorderformostChineseformaldinnersaccordingtothepassage?Rice-soup-hotmeat-colddishes.Vegetabledishes-soup-dumplings-colddishes.Colddishes-hotmeat-soup-rice.Colddishes-soup-hotmeat-rice.What'sthebesttitleforthispassage?HavingdinnerwithforeignersHowtousechopsticksTheimportanceoftablemannersChinesetablemanners【答案】(1)BCCD【解析】【分析】本文介紹了中西方的餐桌禮儀的區(qū)別。推理題。根據(jù)TherealdifferenceisthatintheWest,youhaveyourownplateoffood,whileinChinathedishesareplacedonthetableandeveryoneshares 真正的區(qū)另1J在于，在西方，你有自己的盤子，而在中國，盤子放在桌子上，大家分享可知， 中西餐桌禮儀的真正區(qū)別是人們是否在同一個盤子里分享食物，故選 Bo細節(jié)題。根據(jù)ifthehostthinksyou'reinthecountryforthefirsttime,hewilldohisbesttogiveyouatasteofmanydifferenttypesofdishes可知，如果主人認為你是第——次來至U這個國家，他會盡力讓你嘗到許多不同類型的菜肴，故選 Co細節(jié)題。根據(jù)Themealusuallybeginswithasetofatleastfourcolddishes,followedbythemaincoursesofhotmeatandvegetabledishes.Soupwillthenbeserved(unlessitisaGuangdong-stylerestaurant),followedbyrice,noodlesordumplings.這頓飯通常以一套至少四道涼菜開始，然后是熱肉和蔬菜的主菜。隨后將提供湯(除非是廣東風味餐廳)，然后是米飯、面條或餃子可知，中國正式晚餐的正確順序是冷盤 -熱肉-湯-米飯，故選C=Chinesetablemanners是合適(4)主旨題。根本文介紹了中西方的餐桌禮儀的區(qū)別據(jù)可知Chinesetablemanners是合適的標題，故選D。【點評】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細節(jié)題、推斷題，和主旨題，細節(jié)題要注意從文中尋找答案；推斷題需要聯(lián)系上下文，推斷出需要的信息，主旨題需要通讀全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。12.閱讀理解Needtobuysomething?Whygotoastore?BuyitontheInternet!Needitnow?Whywait?Asktoreceiveitthenextday!Eachday,moreandmorepeopletryon-lineshopping.Infact,onlinesaleshavedoubledinthelasttenyears.Butnoteveryoneisexcited