1、（資料性附錄）桿塔工頻接地電阻季節系數的監測A.1 設計接地裝置時，應計及土壤干燥或降雨和凍結等季節變化的影響，工頻接地電阻在四季均應符合規范要求。A.2 桿塔工頻接地電阻的季節系數可按下式計算：=Rj/R0式中：測量當月桿塔工頻接地電阻季節系數；Zj測量當月桿塔工頻接地電阻平均值；Z0雷季中無雨水時桿塔的工頻接地電阻。A.3 輸電線路桿塔工頻接地電阻季節系數測量可采用人工定期測量方式，也可采用在線監測方式。測量時間不少于兩年，每周測量一次。A.4 選擇用于工頻接地電阻季節系數測量的桿塔應具有地區代表性，如山地、平原、沿海以及不同土壤類型桿塔接地裝置等。A.5 測量季節系數時，應同步記錄測量時

2、間、降雨時間及氣溫等天氣參數。提取雨后三天、無雨天氣的數據，用于工頻接地電阻季節系數的計算。（資料性附錄）架空輸電線路桿塔的工頻接地電阻有避雷線的線路桿塔的工頻接地電阻，在雷季干燥時，不宜超過表B.1所列數值。表B.1 有避雷線的線路桿塔的工頻接地電阻土壤電阻率（m）1001005005001000100020002000接地阻抗（）1015202530注：如土壤電阻率超過2000m，接地阻抗很難降到30時，可采用68根總長不超過500m的放射形接地體，或采用連續伸長接地體，接地電阻不受限制。（資料性附錄）接地裝置與桿塔基礎之間電氣連接性的判斷方法如果人工接地極與桿塔基礎之間存在電氣連接，采用

3、三極法測試時會有部分電流通過桿塔和避雷線分流，采用回路阻抗法測試時電流會通過基礎和接地極之間的小電阻回路流通，從而使接地電阻的測量結果產生誤差。本附錄提供人工接地極與桿塔基礎之間是否存在電氣連接的判斷方法，具體步驟如下：（1）解開全部接地引下線，并將各接地引下線短接；（2）采用數字萬用表電阻檔測量接地引下線與桿塔之間的回路電阻；（3）當測量阻值在數及以上，或者阻值在數以下但阻值顯著變動時，認為接地裝置與桿塔基礎之間不存在電氣連接；當測量阻值為數以下且較為穩定時，認為接地裝置與桿塔基礎之間存在電氣連接。（資料性附錄）電阻測試儀抗電流干擾水平的測試采用回路阻抗法測試接地電阻時，運行中的架空輸電線路

4、在測試回路中產生工頻干擾電流，使儀器測試結果產生誤差。本附錄提供了回路阻抗法中判斷儀器抗電流干擾水平的可行方法，在儀器交接驗收、儀器抗電流干擾水平不明確、對測試結果有疑義等情況下，可按照以下方法檢驗測試。抗電流干擾水平測試接線如圖D.1、圖D.2所示，采用交流電壓源在測試回路產生工頻干擾電流，通過電阻測試儀測量結果與標準電阻間的誤差水平判斷抗電流干擾水平。測試步驟如下：（1）將交流電壓源Us置為0V，標準電阻器RE設為1，此時電阻測試儀測量得到回路電阻為RE+r，從而獲得交流電壓源內阻r。（2）將標準電阻器RE分別置于1、5、10，15、20、30和50等阻值，在工頻干擾電流AF分別為0.1A

5、10A范圍內的多個點時，記錄測試儀的測量值Ri，計算測量值Ri與電阻器標準值RE+r之間的誤差Ri，Ri=Ri-(RE+r)。（3）標記能保證測試誤差Ri/RE不大于5%的最大干擾電流，作為測試儀抗電流干擾水平。注：r交流電壓源內阻，AF選頻電流表，RE標準電阻器（模擬接地電阻）圖D.1 鉗形表抗電流干擾測試接線圖 注：r交流電壓源內阻，AF選頻電流表，RE標準電阻器（模擬接地電阻）圖D.2 四端子接地電阻測試儀抗電流干擾測試接線圖（資料性附錄）架空輸電線路桿塔的回路阻抗法增量的估算在第一次使用回路阻抗法測量、缺乏與三極法對比的回路阻抗法增量數據時，對使用GJ35和GJ50單、雙避雷線的架空輸

6、電線路桿塔的回路阻抗法增量可按表E.1的公式進行估算，或按表E.2表E.9進行估算。表E.1的公式中，較小的數值是儀表在并聯桿塔的中間一基桿塔測量所對應的回路阻抗法增量，較大的數值是儀表在并聯桿塔的首端或終端桿塔測量所對應的回路阻抗法增量，未計及接觸電阻的影響。表E.1 架空輸電線路桿塔的回路阻抗法增量R的估算公式避雷線種類增量法增量R的估算公式GJ35單避雷線(1.695e-0.5283n+0.1690e-0.04856n) Rj-0.8349e-0.09132n+1.111e0.02003nR(1.906e-0.5283n+0.1312e-0.002748n) Rj+3.704e-0.01

7、420n-4.206e-0.2066n雙避雷線(1.704e-0.5384n+0.1872e-0.06123n) Rj-0.6368e-0.05424n+0.7614e0.02117nR(1.647e-0.4919n+0.1185e-0.01021n) Rj-2.419e-0.1882n+2.030e-0.001004nGJ50單避雷線(1.696e-0.5210n+0.1574e-0.04050n) Rj-1.219e-0.1188n+1.501e0.0856nR(2.360e-0.6579n+0.1798e-0.01616n) Rj-4.333e-0.3400n+3.172e-0.0036

8、52n雙避雷線(1.775e-0.5614n+0.2014e-0.06553n)Rj-0.7087e-0.08421n+0.8362e0.01965nR(1.753e-0.5171n+0.1260e-0.007979n) Rj-2.757e-0.2253n+2.218e-0.001833n注：表中n為測量所在線路區段中與避雷線連接的并聯桿塔數量(n3),Rj為桿塔接地電阻。表E.2 GJ35單避雷線、中間測量時回路阻抗法增量R典型值并聯桿塔數量(基)對應Rj的回路阻抗法增量R()Rj=2Rj=4Rj=7Rj=10Rj=15Rj=17Rj=20Rj=24Rj=27Rj=30Rj=40Rj=503

9、1.522.524.025.518.029.0210.512.514.015.520.525.541.332.023.034.045.706.377.378.79.7010.714.017.451.151.662.413.154.404.905.656.657.408.1510.613.161.141.572.192.803.804.204.805.606.206.808.8010.871.121.491.992.493.323.654.154.825.325.827.489.1581.121.481.932.373.093.383.814.384.815.236.668.0991.121.4

10、61.872.252.883.133.503.994.374.745.997.24101.121.461.862.212.783.003.343.784.124.455.566.67111.121.461.852.172.682.883.183.583.884.175.176.17121.121.461.852.172.652.833.113.473.744.024.925.83131.121.461.852.172.602.783.033.363.623.864.695.52141.121.461.852.172.602.783.033.363.623.864.545.31表E.3 GJ35

11、單避雷線、兩側測量時回路阻抗法增量R典型值并聯桿塔數量(基)對應Rj的回路阻抗法增量R()Rj=2Rj=4Rj=7Rj=10Rj=15Rj=17Rj=20Rj=24Rj=27Rj=30Rj=40Rj=5032.313.324.816.318.729.8011.313.315.316.321.326.342.242.983.994.986.647.318.309.6310.611.614.918.352.242.913.754.515.756.256.987.998.749.5411.914.562.242.933.694.345.375.776.367.167.758.3510.312.372

12、.252.943.694.305.215.556.066.737.237.729.3811.082.252.943.704.305.155.475.926.516.947.378.7910.292.252.943.714.315.145.215.876.416.807.198.459.70102.252.943.714.325.155.455.866.376.747.108.259.37112.252.943.714.325.165.465.866.366.727.068.149.18122.252.943.714.325.165.465.876.376.727.058.109.07132.2

13、52.943.714.325.165.465.886.386.727.068.088.97142.252.943.714.325.165.465.886.386.727.068.048.94表E.4 GJ35雙避雷線、中間測量時回路阻抗法增量R典型值并聯桿塔數量(基)對應Rj的回路阻抗法增量R()Rj=2Rj=4Rj=7Rj=10Rj=15Rj=17Rj=20Rj=24Rj=27Rj=30Rj=40Rj=5031.272.263.765.267.768.7710.312.313.815.320.325.341.021.702.693.695.366.027.028.369.3610.413.7

14、17.050.841.342.082.834.084.585.336.337.087.8310.312.860.801.211.802.413.414.814.415.215.806.418.4110.470.761.091.592.092.923.823.754.424.925.427.088.7580.761.061.491.922.632.923.343.914.344.776.207.6290.761.021.401.772.382.633.013.513.884.255.506.75100.761.021.351.692.242.462.803.243.573.905.016.121

15、10.761.021.311.612.112.312.603.003.303.604.605.59120.761.021.311.612.032.222.482.843.123.394.295.20130.761.021.311.611.962.122.372.702.953.194.024.85140.761.021.311.611.962.072.302.602.833.063.834.59150.761.021.311.611.962.072.232.512.722.933.644.35160.761.021.311.611.962.072.232.452.652.853.514.171

16、70.761.021.311.611.962.072.232.402.582.773.394.00180.761.021.311.611.962.072.232.402.582.773.393.88表E.5 GJ35雙避雷線、兩側測量時回路阻抗法增量R典型值并聯桿塔數量(基)對應Rj的回路阻抗法增量R()Rj=2Rj=4Rj=7Rj=10Rj=15Rj=17Rj=20Rj=24Rj=27Rj=30Rj=40Rj=5031.682.794.175.678.179.1710.712.714.215.720.525.741.522.193.184.175.846.507.508.839.8310.8

17、14.217.551.502.042.793.534.795.276.027.017.768.5111.013.561.502.042.633.224.224.615.216.006.607.209.1911.171.502.002.573.083.914.244.745.405.896.398.059.7181.502.002.553.023.754.034.465.025.455.877.298.7191.502.002.563.003.634.034.294.805.165.316.778.01101.502.002.563.003.613.834.214.654.985.176.417

18、.51111.502.002.573.003.613.834.154.574.885.096.177.15121.502.002.573.003.613.834.134.524.805.035.996.90131.502.002.573.003.613.834.134.504.775.015.886.72141.502.002.573.003.613.834.134.504.765.015.816.59151.502.002.573.003.613.834.134.504.755.015.776.50161.502.002.573.003.613.834.134.504.755.015.746

19、.41171.502.002.573.003.613.834.134.504.755.015.736.39181.502.002.573.003.613.834.134.504.755.015.736.39表E.6 GJ50單避雷線、中間測量時回路阻抗法增量R典型值并聯桿塔數量(基)對應Rj的回路阻抗法增量R()Rj=2Rj=4Rj=7Rj=10Rj=15Rj=17Rj=20Rj=24Rj=27Rj=30Rj=40Rj=5031.672.674.175.678.179.1710.712.714.215.720.720.741.492.203.234.235.906.577.578.909.90

20、10.914.217.651.331.842.593.344.595.095.846.847.598.3410.813.361.321.772.403.014.024.425.025.826.427.029.0211.071.311.702.222.723.553.894.385.055.556.057.719.3881.311.692.172.623.353.644.074.645.075.506.938.3691.311.692.122.523.153.403.784.274.655.026.277.52101.311.692.112.493.153.303.644.094.424.755

21、.876.98111.311.692.112.463.073.203.503.904.204.505.506.49121.311.692.112.452.993.163.443.814.094.365.286.18131.311.692.112.452.963.123.383.723.974.235.065.89141.311.692.112.452.933.123.383.683.924.164.945.71151.311.692.112.452.933.123.383.643.864.094.815.53161.311.692.112.452.933.123.383.643.844.054

22、.745.42171.311.692.112.452.933.123.383.643.814.024.675.31表E.7 GJ50單避雷線、兩側測量時回路阻抗法增量R典型值并聯桿塔數量(基)對應Rj的回路阻抗法增量R()Rj=2Rj=4Rj=7Rj=10Rj=15Rj=17Rj=20Rj=24Rj=27Rj=30Rj=40Rj=5032.663.685.186.689.1810.211.713.715.216.721.726.742.613.404.445.447.117.778.7710.111.112.115.418.852.623.374.255.046.306.807.559.229

23、.3110.012.515.062.623.384.224.925.986.397.007.808.408.9910.913.072.623.384.224.965.876.236.757.447.958.4510.111.882.623.384.234.905.846.186.667.287.738.179.6211.192.623.384.244.915.846.176.637.217.638.039.3410.6102.623.384.244.925.856.186.637.207.607.989.2110.3112.623.384.234.925.866.186.637.207.597

24、.969.1010.2122.623.384.234.925.876.196.637.207.597.979.0810.1表E.8 GJ50雙避雷線、中間測量時回路阻抗法增量R典型值并聯桿塔數量(基)對應Rj的回路阻抗法增量R()Rj=2Rj=4Rj=7Rj=10Rj=15Rj=17Rj=20Rj=24Rj=27Rj=30Rj=40Rj=5031.142.343.845.347.848.8410.312.313.815.320.325.341.121.802.803.805.466.137.138.469.4610.513.817.150.941.442.182.934.184.685.436

25、.437.187.9310.412.960.901.321.932.533.533.934.535.335.936.538.5310.570.871.221.712.213.043.383.874.545.045.547.208.8780.871.191.632.062.773.063.494.064.494.916.347.7790.871.161.541.922.542.793.163.664.034.405.656.90100.871.161.511.852.412.632.983.413.744.075.186.29110.871.161.481.782.282.482.783.183.483.784.775.77120.871.161.481.782.212.402.673.043.313.584.495.39130.871.161.481.782.152.322.572.903.153.404.225.05140.871.161.481.782.152.282.512.823.053.284.054.81150.871.161.481.782.152.242.452.742.953.163.874.