1、課程目的以及要求用 51 單片機作為主控電路設廿一個電子琴，實規能通過切換不同的 健盤 它在規代音樂扮演著重要的角色，單片機貝有強大的控制功能和 靈活的編程實現特性，它已經溶人現代人們的生活中，成為不可替代 的一部分。本 本文主要對使用單片機設廿簡易電子琴進行了分析，并介紹了基 于單片機電子琴統硬件組成。利用單片機產生不同顏率來獲得我們要 求的音階，最終可師意強奏想要表達的音樂。并且本文分別卩、原理圖 , 主要芯 MCS-5I 單片機有兩個定時器 / 廿數器。系統使用定時器 / 廿數器 0 產生方 效。之后產生中撕，引腳電平 再被置反，如此周而復始，在引啣上就能產生 A= ,1,o 關系式 (

2、 如式 2-1 所示)是: 500000/fr 4.2 程序編寫流程圖 進行放歌 在軟件運行前，先確保電路中連線正確，這一工作是整個調試工作 的第一步，也是非常重要的一個步驟。在這部分調試中主要通過目測 , 用來完成在確保軟件仿真電胳正常，無異常情況（斷路或短胳）方可進行軟件 運 1?先確保電路板是否每條鋼線支路那是導通的才能進行下一步調試2?在檢測好每條通路沒有斷路的的情況下還要排除短路的情況，因為 3?將下好程序的單片機安裝好后上電檢測單片機的主要管腳電壓值 4. 在所有上訴步驟部正確的情況下，要是功能為實現就要考慮軟件編 5.3本次出現的一些問題以及解決方法 1?電路斷線情況比較多，是由

3、于腐 54 專吊的過程出規了一些間題2. 開始設廿舸時候在每個按鍵的之路上添則一個紅色二極管作為指能，但未考慮到編寫的程序是按鍵掃描過程是檢測單片機引腳是 平，當抽了一個二極管的時候會產生一個管壓降，導致引腳 不能產生低電 通過從理論到實際實物的制作能夠讓我們結合自己所學去應用到 實際的電路設廿中去。讓我們能夠發現一些課堂中學習的不足然后結 合實踐 JH 固 SLTIOX/? include #define uchar unsigned charsbit beeplO=P37; sbit key_3=P1 A2;sbit key_4=P1 A3; sbit key_5=P14; sbit ke

4、y_7=PT6;sbit key_8=P1 A7; 0 xF8,0 x8B,0 xF8,0 xF2,0 xF9,0 x5B,0 xF9,0 xB7,0 xFA,0 x14,OxFA,0 x66,0 xFA,0 xB9,0 xFB,0 x03M0 xFB,0 x4AJ0 xFB,0 x8FJ0 xFB,0 xCFJ0 xFC,0 x0B|,OxFC,0 x43,OxFC,0 x78,0 xFC,0 xAB,0 xFC,0 xDB,0 xFD,0 x08,OxPD,0 x33,0 xFD,0 x5B,0 xFD,0 x81,0 xFD,0 xA5,0 xFD,0 xC7,0 xFD,0 xE7,0

5、 xFE,0 x05,OxFE,0 x21,0 xFE,0 x3C,0 xFE,0 x55,0 xFE,0 x6D,0 xFE,0 x84,OxFE,0 x99,0 xPE,0 xAD,0 xFE,0 xC0H0 xFE,0 x02,0 xFE,0 xE3,0 xFE,0 xF3M0 xFF J0 x02h0 xFF,0 x10H0 xFF J0 x1D,0 xFF,0 x2A,0 xFF,0 x36H0 xFF,0 x42,(0 xFF,0 x4C,0 xFF,0 x56,0 xFF,0 x60,0 xFF,0 x69,OxFF,0 x71 ,0 xFF,0 x79,0 x 阡,0 x81(

6、27,4),119,4,19,4,27,4,26,4,26,2,27,2,24,8,22,4,17,4,24,4,22,4,19,16,15,4,12,4,12,4,15,4,17,8,19,8,26,6,26,2,26,4,24,4,24,4,19,4,19,8, 27,4,19,4,19,4,27,4,26,4,26,2,27,2,24,6,24,2,22,4,17,4,24,4,22,4,19,16,15,4,12,4,12,4,15,4,17,8,19,8,19,6,19,2,19,4,17,4,14,4,14,4,14,4,7,4,12,24 , ucharcode music22=

7、0,4,23,4,21,4,23,16,23,4,21,4,23,4, ,4,19,16,16,4,19,4,9,4,16,4,19,4,14,24,23,4|,21,41,123,16,23,4,21,4,23,4, 219,24,16,4,(19,4,21,8,9,4,16,4,19,4,21,24,23,4,21,4,23,16,23,4,21,4,23,4, 21,4,19,16,16,4,19,4,8,21,4,23,4, ,4,1,4,23,4,21,41,(1,8,4,23,4, ,4,19,4,16,4,19,4,14,24,23,4,26,4,26 J 6,26,4,28,4

8、,26,4,23,24, ,4,23,4,21,8, ,4,23,4, ,4,19,4,16,4,16,2,19,2,19,24,0,20,26,4,26,4,28,4, 31,4,30,4,30,4,28,4,23,4,21,4,21,4,23,16,0,4,23,4,23,4,26,4,28,8,28,12,16,4,23,4, ,4, ,24,23,4,26,4,26,4,23,4,26,8,0,4, 31,8,30,4,28,4,30,4,23,8,0,4,28,4,28,4,30,4,28,4,26,4,23,4, ,8,23,4, ,4,23,4,26,16, uchar code

9、 music32=0,4,16,12,23,16, 21,4,23,4, 21,4,19,12,0,8,19,4,19,4,19,4,18,4,16,8,14,4,16,16, 27,4,19,4,19,4,27,4,26,4,26,2,27,2,24,6,24,2,16,12,23,16, 21,4,23,4, 21,4,19,12,0,8,19,4,19,4,19,4,18,4,16,8,14,4,16,16, 16,12,28,16,26,4,28,4,26,4,23,8,11,16,21,4, ,4,4, 21,4,19,8,16,4,18,16,0,12,16,12,23,16, ,

10、4,23,4, ,4,19,8,0,16,19,4,19,4,19,4,18,4,16,8,14,4,16,16,0,12,16,12,28,16,26,4,28,4,26,4,23,16|,0,12,28,4,28,4,28,4,30,4,28,8,26,4,28,24,0,12,28,4,28,2,26,2,23,4,23,4,28,4,28,2,26,2,28,4, ,4,26,6,23,2,26,4,28,4,26,1,4, ,2,19,2,16,4,16,4, ,4,9,21,(21,4,23,4|,19,6,(14,128,4,28,2,26,2,23,4,23,4,28,4,28

11、,2,26,2,28,4,28,4,4,2,28,2,26,4,26,4, ,4,21,26,2, 31,4, ,4,0,4, ,4,4,4,30,4,28,8,26,4,28,24,28,4,28,2,26,2,23,4,23,4,28,4,28,2,26,2,28,4, 31,4,26,6,23,2,26,4,28,4,26,1,4, ,2,19,2,16,4,16,4, ,4,9,21,(21,4,23,4|,19,6,(14,128,4,28,2,26,2,23,4,23,4,28,4,28,2,26,2,28,4,28,4,4,2),28,2),126,4,26,4), (31,4,

12、31,2,26,21, 31,4|,31,4,0,4,31,41,131,41, 31,4,30,4,28,8,26,4,28,20,0,4,31,4,31,4, ,4,30,4,28,8,26,4,28,24, ucharcode music42=U0,4,14,4,17,4, 21,41,(24,4, 21,8,219,4J21,8,219,4,19,4,17,4,14,8,12,8,9,24,8,14,4,16,4,17,4, 21,414,4,17,4, 21,4,24,4, ,8, 21,4,19,4, ,8,21,4,19,4, 21,8|,14,4|,16,4,17,4, (21

13、,4,19,4,17,4,14,8,12,8,14,24,14,4,16,4,17,4,19,4,21,4,22,4,24,8,22,4, ,4,19,8,19,4,21,4,19,16,14,4,16,4,17,4,19,4, ,8,16,4,14,4,16,24,14,4,16,4,117.4) ,(19,4, ,4,22,4,24,8,22,4, 219,8,19,4,219.8H14,4,16,4,17,4,21,4,19,4,17,4,14,8,12,8,14,24,21,81,126,161,(24,81, ,4,24,4,26,16,24,8, ,4,19,4,17,4,14,4

14、,17,4,19,4, ,8,2 21,24|,21,8,26,161,(24,8, ,4,24,4,26,24,24,8, ,4,19,4,17,4,14,4,17,4,19,4,21,8,26,4,24,4,26,24, ucharcode music52=0,4,19,4,19,4,19,8,14,8,23,4,23,4,23,8,19,8,19,4,23,4,26,8,26,8,24,4,23,4, ,16, 21,4,23,4,24,8,24,8,23,4,21,4,23,8,19,8,19,4,23,4, ,8,14,8,1&4, 21,41,(19,16, ucharcode m

15、usic62=0,4,15,4,27,4,26,8,24,4,24,4,22,8,17,2, 19,8,17,2,19,2,15,8,15,2,0,2,15,4,27,4,26,8,24,4,24,4,22,8,17,4,19,14,0,2,15,4,17,4,19,4,22,4,27,4,26,8,24,4,24,4,22,8,17,2,19,8,17,2,19,2,15,8,12,4,15,4,(17.8) ,(12,4,15,4,17,4),(19,4, 0,8,0,8,17,4,29,4,28,8,26,4,26,4,24,8,19,2,8,19,2, ,2,17,8,17,2,0,2

16、,17,4,29,4,28,8,26,4,26,4,24,8,19,4,21,14,0,2,17,4,19,4, ,4,24,4,29,4,28,8,26,4,26,4,24,8,19,2,21,8,19,2,21,2,17,8,14,4,17,4, 19,8,17,14,0,2,17,4,29,4,28,8,26,4,26,4,24,8,19,2,21,8,19,2, ,2,17,8,17,2,0,2,17,4,29,4,28,8,26,4,26,4,24,8,19,4,21,14,0,2,17,4,19,4, ,4,24,4,29,4,28,8,26,4,26,4,24,8,19,2,21

17、,8,19,2,21,2,17,8,14,4,17,4, 19,8,21,8,14,4,17,4,19,4, ,4,19,8,17,14,0,2,17,4,29,4,28,8,26,4,26,4,24,8,19,2,21,8,19,2, ,2,17,8,17,2,0,2,17,4,29,4,28,8,26,4,26,4,24,8,19,4,14,0,2,17,4,19,4, 21,4,24,4,29,4,28,8,26,4,26,4,24,8,19,2,21,8,19,2,21,2,17,8,14,4,17,4,19,8,21,8,14,4,17,4,19,4, ,4,19,8,17,14,0

18、,2,0,8, ucharcode music72=0,4?18,2,18,2,18,2,18,2,18,6,18,2,18,4,18,4,13,4,14,2,16,2,14,16,0,8,0,4,11,4,16,2,16,2,16,2,16,2,16,6,16,2,16,4,18,4,20,4,20,4,13,16,0,8,0,4,13,4,118,2,18,2,18,2,1&2,18,6,18,2,25,4,25,4,23,16,0,8,0,8,0,4,20,4,20,4,20,6, 20,2,20,6,20,6,13,2, ,4,2 (20,16H0,8,0,4,13,4,18,2,18

19、.2H18,2,18,2),(18,2,18,4,18,4,13,4,14,2,16,2),14,16,0,8,0,4,11,4,16,2,16,2,16,2,16,2,16,6,16,2,16,4,18,4,20,4,20,4,13,16,0,8,0,4,13,4,18,2,18,2,18,21,118,2,18,6,18,2,1 &6,18,2H25,41,(25,4,0,4,25,4,30,2,25,2,25,2,25,2,25,6,218,6,13,21,13,4,25,4, 23,16,0,8,0,8,0,4,20,2,20,2,20,6,20,2,20,6,20,2,20,4,18

20、,2,20,2,18,16,0,8, 23,16,0,8,0,4,13,4,28,2,28,2,28,2,28,2,28,6,28,2,28,6,30,2,32,2,32,6,25,16,0,8,0,4,25,4,30,2,25,2,25,2,25,2,25,6, ,2,18,6,13,2,13,4,25,4,23,16,0,8,0,8,0,4,23,2,23,2,23,6,23,2,23,6,13,2,20,6, 20,2,18,16,13,4, uchar code music82=0,4,18,2,18,2,18,2,18,2,18,6,18,2,18,4,18,4,13,4,14,2,

21、16,2,14,16,0,8,0,4, ,4,16,2,16,2,16,2,16,2,16,6,16,2,16,4,18,4,20,4,20,4,13,16,0,8,0,4,13,4,18,21,(18,2,18,2,18,2,18,6,18,2,25,4,25,4,23,16,0,8,0,8,0,4,20,4,20,4,20,6, 20,2,20,6 20,16,0,8,0,4,13,4,18,2,18,2,18,2,18,2,18,6,18,2,1 &4,18.4IJ13,4,(14,2,16,2,14,16,0,8,0,4, ,4,16,2,16,2,16,2,16,2,16,6,16,

22、2,16,4,18,4,20,4,20,4,13,16,0,8,0,4,13,4,18,2,18,2,18,2,18,2,18.6IJ18,2,18,6J18,2,25,4,25,4,23,16,0,8,0,8,0,4,20,2,20,2,20,6,20,2,20,6,20,2,20,4,18,2,20,2,18,16,0,8,0,4,25,4,30,2,25,2,25,2,25,2,25,6,21,2,18,6,13,2,13,4,25,4,23,16,0,8,0,4,13,4,28,2,28,2,28,2,28,2,28,6,28,2,28,6,30,2,32,2,32,6,25,16 ,

23、0,8,0,4,25,4,30,2,25,2,25,2,25,2,25,6, ,2,18,6,13,2,13,4,25,4,23,16,0,8,0,8,0,4,23,2,23,2,23,6,23,2,23,6,13,2,20,6, 20,2,18,16,13,4, void delay(uchar p) void TO_int() interrupt 1beeplO=!beeplO;TH0=Tm0; TL0=TmJ1); while(1) while(!key_1) TMOD=0 x01;while(1)m=music2i0;n=music2i1;if( m=OxOO)TRO=O;delay(

24、n);i+;else if(m=OxFF)TR0=0;delay(30);i=0;lelsejf(m=music2i+10)TR0=1;delay(n);TR0=0;pause();i+;TR0=1 ;delay(n);i+;while(!(key_2)TMOD=0 x01;while(1) m=music1i0;n=music1i1;if(m=OxOO)TRO=O;delay(n);i+;else if(m=OxFF)TR0=0;delay(30);i=0;else if(m=music1i+10)TR0=1;delay(n);TR0=0;pause();i+;TR0=1;delay(n);i+; while(!key_3)TMOD=0 x01;while(1)m=music3i0;n=music3i1;if( m=OxOO)TRO=O;delay(n);i+; else if(m=OxFF)TR0=0;delay(30);i=0;else if(m=music3i+10)TR0=1;delay(n);TR0=0;pause();i+;TR0=1;delay(n);i+;while(!key_4)TMOD=0 x01;while(1) m=music4i0;n=music4i1;TRO=O;delay(n);i+;else if(m=OxFF)TR0