1、湖南省永州市冷水灘區仁灣鎮中學2021-2022學年高三英語模擬試題含解析一、 選擇題1. Margaret _ stay at home all day long in front of the TV.That s rightShe ought to go to the fitness center with us.Acouldnt Bmustnt Cneednt Dshouldnt參考答案：D2. What did Michael do after graduating from university?He considered advertising before settling on

2、 teachingHe _ that ever sinceAdid Bdoes Chas been doing Dhad been doing參考答案：C3. 語音知識（共5小題，每小題1分，滿分5分） 從A、B、C、D四個選項中，找出劃線部分與所給單詞劃線部分讀音相同的選項。1. anger A. single B. young C. tongue D. strength2. prove A. stone B. route C. stove D. hook3. journey A. merchant B. courtyard C. energy D. serious4. animal A.

3、ache B. anything C. advance D. anxious5. watched A. judged B. refused C. worked D. wanted參考答案：1-5 ABADC略4. Set an alarm that _ at the reasonable hour each night to help remind you to go to bed.A. goes off B. goes ahead C. goes out D. goes up 參考答案：A5. Her mother does not _ of her going to study in th

4、e United States alone. A. admit B. agree C. prove D. approve 參考答案：D6. There was such a long queue for taking money from the bank that I _ gave up.A. unfortunately B. purposefully C. individually D. eventually參考答案：D7. I have no idea when the bus will arrive. I _ for at least half an hour in such cold

5、 weather.A. had waited B. have waited C. will wait D. have been waiting參考答案：D8. What was it that caused the party to be put off?_ the invitations.A. Because Tom delayed sendingB. Tom delayed to sendC. That Tom delayed sendingD. Tom delayed sending參考答案：C試題分析：句意: 究竟是什么導致聚會被推遲？是Tom送請柬的時間推遲了。That Tom de

6、layed sending the invitation.是直接回答了what，是主語從句，而省略了It was that caused the party to be put off. 故選C。考點：考查主語從句和省略。9. Experiments of this kind in both the U.S. and Europe well before the Second World War.A. has been conducted B. had been conducted C. had conducted D. have been conducted參考答案：B10. To make

7、 journeys safer，the government has demanded all high-speed trains run a slower pace Athrough Bat Cwith Dacross參考答案：B11. I really admire the people full of Im always tired Youd better take more exercise Apower Bstrength Cforce Denergy參考答案：D12. A fast food restaurant is the place _, just as the name s

8、uggests, eating is performed quickly. A. which B. where C. there D. what參考答案：B13. Mrs. White looks old _ her age.Yes. It worries her most _ her hair is turning gray.A. at / while B. in / if C. for / that D. for / for參考答案：C14. On the top of the hill_, _ the old man once lived.A. a temple stands there

9、; in whichB. a temple standing; on whichC. does a temple stand; whereD. stands a temple; where參考答案：D15. Marys score on the test is the highest in her class；she_ have studied very hard Amust Bmay Cshould Dought to參考答案：A二、 新的題型16. 閱讀短文，根據所讀內容在文后7685的空格里填上適當的單詞或短語。注意：每空不超過3個單詞。Americans often say there

10、 are only two things a person can be sure of in life: death and taxes. Many people feel that the United States has the worst taxes in the world. Taxes are the money that people pay to support their government. There are generally three levels of government in the United States: federal, states and c

11、ity; therefore, there are three types of taxes. Salaried people who earn more than four to five thousand per year must pay a certain part of their salaries to the federal government. The percentage varies for different people. It depends on the salaries. The federal government has two-level income t

12、ax: that is, 15 or 28 percent. $17,850 is the cut off. The tax rate is 15 percent below $17,850 and 28 percent above. The second tax is for the state government: New York, California, or any of the other forty-eight states. Some states have an income tax similar to that of the federal government. Of

13、 course, the percentage for the states tax is lower. Other states have a sales tax, which is a percentage charged to any item which people buy in the state. Some states use income tax and sales tax to raise their revenues (稅收). The third tax is for the city. This tax comes in two forms: property tax

14、 (residents who own a home have to pay taxes on it) and excise tax, which is collected on vehicles in a city. The cities use this money for education, police, public work, etc. Since Americans pay such high taxes, they often feel that they are working one day each week just to pay their taxes. Peopl

15、e always complain about taxes. They often say that the government misuses their tax dollars. They all believe that taxes are too high in this country. Title: 76Taxes for 77 Forms of tax78 79 15% below $17.85080 above $17.850Taxes for the state government81 Uses of taxIncome tax 82 Raise revenuesTaxe

16、s for 83Forms of taxUses of taxProperty tax 84 Education 85 Public work參考答案：76. Taxes in America 77. the federal government 78. Percentage 79. Salaries tax 80. 28% 81. Forms of tax 82. Sales tax 83. the city government 84. Excise tax 85. Police 17. Iceland is a land of volcanoes. Nowhere is _41_（evi

17、dent） than on the Westman Islands off the southern coast of Iceland. Here, _42_（century） of volcanic eruptions formed many eye-catching sea cliffs （懸崖）, among _43_ one stands out: A part of the volcano-formed coast on Heimaey looks exactly like the head of a large elephant _44_（stick）its trunk in th

18、e water.In fact, it looks so much like an elephant that many people think it must have been shaped by humans. That is not _45_ case, however. The elephants realistic _46_（appear）is, at least partially, due to the fact that the cliff _47_（consist）of a special rock. The rock gives the figure “skin” th

19、at looks wrinkled and gray, just like that of a real elephant.The most common theory is that the rock formations came from the Eldfell Volcano, which _48_（erupt）many times since the 1940s.In spite of the strong resemblance to an elephant, some people _49_（actual）see something different when they loo

20、k at the rock formation. They see the fictional character Cthulhu, a sea beast.Whether you see an elephant _50_ a fictional beast, as one of many attractions on Heimaey, the rock does draw curious sightseers.參考答案：41. more evident 42. centuries 43. which 44. sticking 45. the 46. appearance 47. consis

21、ts 48. has erupted 49. actually 50. or本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了冰島南部海岸的韋斯特曼群島上的由火山噴發后形成的形狀外觀類似大象的一處美麗景觀。【41題詳解】考查形容詞比較級。根椐空后的“than”判斷，此處表示比較概念，故用比較級。evident的比較級為more evident。【42題詳解】考查名詞單復數。century是可數名詞，前面沒有修飾語，故用復數形式centuries【43題詳解】考查定語從句。分析句子結構可知，兩個句子之間是逗號，而且沒有連詞，故判斷逗號后部分是非限制性定語從句。先行詞是sea cliffs，所以介詞后接which引導的

22、定語從句。其中定語從句是介詞短語位于句首的倒裝句。故填which。【44題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。根據結構判斷空格后部分是非謂語短語作后置定語，被修飾詞elephant和動詞stick之間是主動關系，故用現在分詞形式sticking。【45題詳解】考查冠詞。句意：然而，事實并非如此。本句中the case 表示“實情，事實”，特指上文In fact, it looks so much like an elephant that many people think it must have been shaped by humans.這件事，故填定冠詞the。【46題詳解】考查詞性轉換。名詞所有格

23、elephants和形容詞realistic后面需跟名詞，而且謂語是is，所以用名詞單數形式。故填appearance。【47題詳解】考查動詞時態和主謂一致。句子是介紹一個景觀，而且主語是單數名詞cliff，所以謂語動詞應該用一般現在時的第三人稱單數形式。注意consist of“由組成”，不用被動形式。故填consists。【48題詳解】考查動詞時態和主謂一致。根據時間狀語“since the 1940s”判斷句子用現在完成時，因which指代the Eldfell Volcano，所以填 has erupted。【49題詳解】考查副詞。修飾動詞see應用副詞形式，故填actually。【5

24、0題詳解】考查連詞。句意：不管你看到的是大象還是虛構的野獸，作為Heimaey島上眾多景點之一，這塊巖石確實吸引了好奇的觀光客。固定句型whetheror表示“不管是還是”。故填or。三、 閱讀理解18. A 2018 report found that food waste would increase by a third to 2. 1billion tons by 2030. Beyond the cost of the waste itself，thrown-away food generates a gas that contributes to climate change. H

25、ome delivery meal kits(盒)can reduce food waste by more than two-thirds，but suppliers need to switch to reusable packaging to make them environmentally friendly. Tailor-made meal kits cut waste by providing people with precise amounts of fresh ingredients(烹飪原料)for chosen recipes，meaning leftovers are

26、 minimized. But while the delivery services score well on reducing food waste，buying the same food ingredients from the supermarket almost always saves energy overall simply because meal kits use so much single-use packaging. The good news is that if people have meals that are tailored for consumpti

27、on，they wont overbuy and have less food waste. They fine-tune the amount of food to what they will actually eat. Meal kits can reduce transport emissions(排放)if people go to the supermarket less frequently. If people only go and buy such goods as soap and toilet paper，they may only have to visit once

28、 every couple of months. A delivery truck can carry meals for a lot of people in the neighborhood. So dozens of car trips might be replaced with one truck trip. However，study found that even if delivery meal kits reduced food waste to zero，they would still use up more energy overall than buying the

29、same food from the supermarket unless the energy used for the meal kit packaging was cut by a fifth. The packaging is a killer if its single-use and thrown away，which can make all the environmental benefits lost. But if the packaging can be reused，if its glass bottles，like in the old days，we can get

30、 some benefits.12. What can we learn about home delivery meal kits?A. They can cut down on daily expenses.B. They will totally solve the problem of food waste.C. They can keep energy consumption to a minimum.D. They will benefit the environment with reusable packaging.13. What does the underlined wo

31、rd“fine-tune”in paragraph 3 mean?A. Attach.B. Adjust.C. Raise.D. Compare.14. The author suggests carrying meals with a delivery truck to_.A. reduce transport emissionsB. save more foodC. shop only in the supermarketD. shorten car trip distances15. Whats the authors attitude to meal kits?A. Supportiv

32、e.B. Unfavorable.C. Objective.D. Indifferent.參考答案：12. D 13. B 14. A 15. C【分析】本文是一篇說明文。套餐可以減少食物浪費，但包裝是個問題。家庭送餐包可以減少超過三分之二的食物浪費，但供應商需要改用可重復使用的包裝，使其更加環保。【12題詳解】細節理解題。根據第二段Home delivery meal kits(盒)can reduce food waste by more than two-thirds，家庭送餐包可以減少三分之二的食物浪費。可以得知可利用的包裝對環保有益。故選D。【13題詳解】詞義猜測題。第三段主要講述量身定制餐會降低浪費。They fine-tune the amount of food to what they will actually eat. 人們可以根據將要吃多少來調整食物數量。故選B。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據倒數第二段Me