1、A_ refers to a strong puff of air stream in the production of speech sounds.Key: AspirationA_ phonetics describes the way our speech organs work to produce the speech sounds and how they differ.Key: ArticulatoryThe four sounds /p/, /b/, /m/ and /w/ have one feature in common, i.e., they are all b_ s

2、ounds.Key: bilabialOf all the speech organs, the t_ is the most flexible, and is responsible for varieties of articulation than any other.Key: tongueEnglish consonants can be classified in terms of the manner of articulation or in terms of the p_ of articulation.Key: placeWhen the obstruction create

3、d by the speech organs is total or complete, the speech sound produced with the obstruction audibly released and the air passing out again is called a s_.Key: stopThe articulatory apparatus of a human being are contained in three important cavities: the pharyngeal cavity, the o_ cavity and the nasal

4、 cavity.Key: oralP_ is a discipline which studies the system of sounds of a particular language and how sounds are combined into meaningful units to effect linguistic communication.PhonologyIII. There are four choices following each of the statements below. Mark the choice that can best complete the

5、 statement:The sounds produced without the vocal cords vibrating are _ sounds.A. voiceless B. voiced C. vowel D. consonantalKey: A_ is a voiced alveolar stop. A. /z/ B. /d/ C. /k/ D. /b/Key: BThe sound /f/ is _.A. voiced palatal affricate B. voiced alveolar stop C. voiceless velar fricative D. voice

6、less labiodental fricativeKey: DA _ vowel is one that is produced with the front part of the tongue maintaining the highest position.A. back B. central C. front D. middle Key: CSince /p/ and /b/ are phonetically similar, occur in the same environments and they can distinguish meaning, they are said

7、to be _.A. in phonemic contrast B. in complementary distribution C. the allophones D. minimal pairAA(n) _ is a unit that is of distinctive value. It is an abstract unit, a collection of distinctive phonetic features.A. phone B. sound C. allophone D. phonemeD The different phones which can represent

8、a phoneme in different phonetic environments are called the _ of that phoneme.A. phones B. sounds C. phonemes D. allophonesDQuestions in TEM-8(2015) 40. Which of the following is a voiceless consonant?A. p B. w C. j D. lKey: A(2011) 39. A vowel is different from a consonant in English because of _.A

9、. absence of obstruction. B. Presence of obstruction.C. manner of articulation. D. Place of articulation.Key: ATrue or False?Articulatory phonetics tries to describe the physical properties of the stream of sounds which a speaker issues with the help of a machine called spectrograph.FVibration of th

10、e vocal cords results in a quality of speech sounds called voicing.TEnglish consonants can be classified in terms of place of articulation and the part of the tongue that is raised the highest.FAccording to the manner of articulation, some of the types into which the consonants can be classified are

11、 stops, fricatives, bilabial and alveolar.F Vowel sounds can be differentiated by a number of factors: the position of tongue in the mouth, the openness of the mouth, the shape of the lips, and the length of the vowels.T According to the shape of the lips, vowels can be classified into close vowels,

12、 semi-close vowels, semi-open vowels and open vowels.F If two phonetically similar sounds occur in the same environments and they distinguish meaning, they are said to be in complementary distribution.FA phone is a phonetic unit that distinguishes meaning.FAny sound produced by a human being is a ph

13、oneme.FPhones are the sounds that can distinguish meaning.FA basic way to determine the phonemes of a language is to see if substituting one sound for another results in a change of meaning.TWhen two different forms are identical in every way except for one sound segment which occurs in the same pla

14、ce in the strings, the two words are said to form a phonemic contrast.FThe rules governing the phonological patterning are language specific.T(2010) 40. Languageisatoolofcommunication.Thesymbol“HighwayClosed”onahighwayservesA.anexpressivefunction.B.aninformativefunction. C.aperformativefunction.D.ap

15、ersuasivefunction.Key: B(2006) 38. What essentially distinguishes semantics and pragmatics is the notion of A.referenceB.meaningC.antonymyD.contextkey: DS_ features are those aspects of speech that occur above the level of the segments. They include stress, tone, intonation, etc.SuprasegmentalThe ru

16、les that govern the combination of sounds in a particular language are called s _ rules.sequentialThe transcription of speech sounds with letter-symbols only is called broad transcription while the transcription with letter-symbols together with the diacritics is called n_ transcription.narrowWhen p

17、itch, stress and sound length are tied to the sentence rather than the word in isolation, they are collectively known as i_.intonationT_ are pitch variations, which are caused by the differing rates of vibration of the vocal cords and which can distinguish meaning just like phonemes.TonesDecide whether each of the following statements is True or False:English is a to