1、PAGE PAGE 16Unit 4Earthquakes重點單詞分類識記單詞 eq avs4al(用時少功效高) 核心單詞記全記牢用準用活1.burst vi.爆裂；爆發n. 突然破裂；爆發2million n. 百萬3rescue n& vt. 援救；營救4bury vt. 埋葬；掩埋；隱藏5destroy vt. 破壞；毀壞；消滅6damage n& vt. 損失；損害7ruin n. 廢墟；毀滅vt. 毀滅；使破產8trap vt. 使陷入困境n. 陷阱；困境9electricity n. 電；電流；電學10sincerely adv. 真誠地；真摯地11disaster n. 災難；

2、災禍12reporter n. 記者13title n. 標題；頭銜；資格 品句填詞1(2020新高考山東卷)Millions of lives have been destroyed(破壞；毀壞)by the slow drying up of the sea.2(2020江蘇卷)We were raised on books and computers，highways and cell phones，but now we were living in a village without running water or electricity(電).3I sincerely(真誠地)ho

3、pe that I can have the opportunity to talk with the famous scientist face to face.4The earthquake did damage(損害)to the area where many houses fell down and many people were trapped in ruins.5With so many miners buried(bury)under the mine，none of the rescue workers would stop to have a rest.6Judging(

4、judge)from their speeches，Chinese leaders are increasingly anxious about air and water pollution.拓展單詞1.nation n民族；國家；國民national adj.民族的；國家的；國民的nationality n國籍2shock vt.& vi.(使)震驚；震動 n休克；打擊；震驚shocking adj.令人震驚的shocked adj.感到震驚的3injure vt.損害；傷害injury n傷害；損害injured adj.受傷的4frighten vt.使驚嚇；嚇唬frightened

5、adj.受驚的；受恐嚇的frightening adj.令人恐懼的5congratulation n祝賀；(復數)賀詞congratulate vt.祝賀6sincerely adv.真誠地；真摯地sincere adj.真誠的；真摯的7extreme adj.極度的extremely adv.極度地8judge n裁判員；法官 vt.斷定；判斷；判決judgement n看法，意見；判斷力；判決9dirt n污垢；泥土dirty adj.臟的，骯臟的 用所給詞的適當形式填空1(2020新高考山東卷)The tests show that the social environment is e

6、xtremely(extreme)influential when were making decisions.2After seeing the frightening film，the frightened boy was too frightened to walk home alone in the dark.(frighten)3The headmaster wrote a letter to congratulate her on her good performance and the exciting congratulations encouraged her greatly

7、.(congratulate)4Rescuers said the injured were taken to a hospital nearby，and fortunately the injuries were not serious，not life threatening.(injure)5We were shocked at the shocking news that he died suddenly yesterday.(shock)閱讀單詞1.earthquake n. 地震 2crack n. 裂縫；噼啪聲 vt.&vi. (使)開裂；破裂 3smelly adj. 發臭的；

8、有臭味的 4farmyard n. 農場；農家 5pipe n. 管；導管 6.event n.事件；大事 7dam n. 水壩；堰堤 8canal n. 運河；水道 9steam n. 蒸汽；水汽 10survivor n. 幸存者；生還者； 殘存物 11.brick n.磚；磚塊 12track n. 軌道；足跡；痕跡 13shelter n. 掩蔽；掩蔽處； 避身處 14outline n. 要點；大綱；輪廓 15headline n. 報刊的大字標題處 單元主題語塊背誦 eq avs4al(人與自然之自然災害) 1in harmony with nature與自然和諧共處 2rebui

9、ld ones home 重建某人的家園 3make joint efforts 共同努力 4take action to help the locals out of the disaster 采取措施幫助當地人渡過災難 5rescue work 救災工作 6stricken district/area 受災地區 7destroy the whole city 摧毀整個城市 8return to normal 恢復正常 9wash away bridges 沖垮橋梁 10lose ones precious life 失去寶貴生命 11natural disasters 自然災害12buil

10、d a shelter 建造避難所13in urgent need of 迫切需要14wipe out the whole village 摧毀了整個村莊15escape from danger 逃離危險16the extreme lack of water，food and electricity 極度缺乏水、食物和電burst vi.爆裂；爆發；n.突然破裂；爆發 eq x(先練會) 單句語法填空/猜測加黑詞的含義I was teaching foreigners to learn Beijing Opera when a group of pupils burst inHe burst

11、into the room without knocking at the door，which made me very angry.(2020浙江卷7月閱讀B)By 9：33 am，a burst of additional traffic might push signal cycle to 145 seconds.突然的迸發 eq x(再寫美) 詞匯轉換/句式升級When she saw her classmates burst out laughing because of her foolish mistakes，she burst into tears.Seeing_her_cl

12、assmates_burst_into_laughter because of her foolish mistakes，she burst_out_crying(分詞作狀語)(1) eq blc(avs4alco1(burst out crying/laughing,burst into tears/laughter) 突然哭起來/笑起來(2)burst in/into 闖入，突然破門而入(3)burst with anger 勃然大怒(4)a burst of 一 eq o(陣,sdo4(,) When the professor entered the lecture hall，ther

13、e was a burst of applause.當教授走進演講大廳時，突然爆發出一陣掌聲。(1)burst in中的in是副詞，后面不接賓語；(2)burst into中的into是介詞，后面應接賓語。ruin nU毀滅；毀壞；常用復數廢墟；vt.(使)毀壞；成為廢墟 eq x(先練會) 單句語法填空A number of high buildings have arisen where there was nothing three years ago but ruins(ruin).When they returned to Rockaway the next day，they fou

14、nd their neighborhood in ruins. eq x(再寫美) 一句多譯他犯了個錯誤，這讓他失去了出國的機會。He made a mistake，which_ruined_the_chance of going abroad.(定語從句)He made a mistake，ruining_the_chance of going abroad.(分詞作狀語)(1)lie/be in ruins成為廢墟be reduced to ruins 淪為廢墟(2)fall into ruin 毀滅，毀壞ruin oneself 毀掉自己；自取滅亡ruin ones health/fam

15、e 毀壞某人的健康/聲 eq o(譽,sdo4(,) No matter how famous a brand is，it can be in ruins once it betrays the trust of consumers.無論一個品牌多有名氣，一旦辜負了消費者的信任它就有可能會毀滅。 injure vt.損害；傷害 eq x(先練會) 單句語法填空To our relief，up to now the injured(injure)in the crash have been carried to the nearby hospital.The library is functio

16、ning as a temporary hospital to cope with people injured(injure)in the earthquake. eq x(再寫美) 句式升級My left foot was seriously injured，so I cant go with you as planned.With_my_left_foot_seriously_injured，I cant go with you as planned.(with 復合結構)(1)injured adj.受傷的get injured 受傷the injured 傷員(2)injury n.

17、 傷；傷口；傷害do sb.an injury/do an injury to sb. 傷害某 eq o(人,sdo4(,) I was wearing a seatbelt.If I hadnt been wearing one，I would have been injured.我系著安全帶。如果我沒有系安全帶，我就會受傷了。 bury vt.埋葬；掩埋；隱藏；使沉浸，使專心；插入，刺入 eq x(先練會) 單句語法填空(2017天津卷書面表達)Though buried(bury)in books these days，I have still joined several studen

18、t clubs in order to improve myself.He sank into a chair，burying(bury)his face in his hands. eq x(再寫美) 一句多譯他埋頭看書，不知道外面在下雨。(bury)Because he buried_himself_in/was_buried_in his books，he didnt know it was raining outside. Burying_himself_in_his_books，he was not aware it was raining outside.(現在分詞短語作狀語) B

19、uried_in_his_books，he was not aware it was raining outside.(過去分詞短語作狀語)(1) eq blc rc(avs4alco1(be buried in,bury oneself in) 埋頭于；專心于(2)bury ones face in ones hands 雙手掩 eq o(面,sdo4(,) She sat on the ground，buried in thought.她坐在地上，陷入沉思。表示“專心于；致力于”的短語還有：be devoted to；be lost in；be engaged in；be absorbed

20、 in；focus/concentrate on。judge vt.斷定；判斷；判決 n裁判員；法官 eq x(先練會) 單句語法填空(2018江蘇卷)The economic impact of the arts is often overlooked and badly judged(judge).Judging(judge)from the above story，we can draw the conclusion that we dont judge a man by/from his looks. (2018江蘇卷)Apparently，blindly following othe

21、rs advice will affect our own judgment(judge). eq x(再寫美) 微寫作我寫信邀請你擔任6月15日在我們學校舉辦的英語演講比賽的裁判。Im writing to invite_you_to_be_a_judge at our English Speech Contest to be held in our school on June 15.(1)judge.from/by.從來判斷as far as I can judge 據我判斷，我認為(2)judging by/from. 根據判斷(3)judgment n. 看法；判斷力；判 eq o(

22、決,sdo4(,) As far as I can judge，he will refuse to make a judgment about the present situation.據我判斷，他會拒絕評價目前的形勢。judging from/by表示“從來看”，用在句首時為一個獨立成分，不受句子主語和時態的影響。單詞三維練 eq avs4al(多維度練技能) eq avs4al(詞性轉換) 用所給詞的正確形式填空，注意特殊詞形變換1(2020全國卷)As to the play，our weakness lies in such respects as roles facial expr

23、essions(express)，logical stress of dialogue and stage set.2(2020天津卷)Jones was shocked(shock)when she said that she didnt actually mind being cheated.3When wolves eat other animals，they usually kill the very young，or the sick and injured(injure).4On arriving there，we expressed our congratulations(con

24、gratulate)to him on his success.5Ever since water came into the cellphone，it has become completely useless(use). eq avs4al(動詞形式變化) 用所給動詞的正確形式填空，注意不規則動詞的形式變化1It was with the help of the local guide that the mountain climber was_rescued(rescue).2Judging(judge)from the response of the audience，the perf

25、ormance was quite a success.3His house was_destroyed(destroy)in the earthquake last year and he had to build a new one.4Trapped(trap)in the ruins，the girl still held a positive attitude，waiting patiently to be rescued.5(2018全國卷)Studies found that people who woke(wake)up early for exercise slept bett

26、er than those who exercised in the evening. eq avs4al(固定用法和搭配) 在空白處填入1個適當的詞或括號內單詞的正確形式1On seeing the Chinese volleyball team appeared on the stage，the audience burst out cheering(cheer).2It is useless persuading(persuade)him to give up the plan，so dont waste time.3As I didnt know anybody at the part

27、y，the hostess came to my rescue by introducing me to a few guests.4The house is surrounded with many big trees which shelter the house from the wind.5We should learn to express ourselves(we)well，which is an important part of education.短語和句式語境記憶短語 eq avs4al(不枯燥興趣高) 記全記牢用準用活1.right_away 立刻；馬上2think_li

28、ttle/nothing_of 以為沒什么了不起3at_an_end 結束；終結4in_ruins 嚴重受損；破敗不堪5dig_out 掘出；發現6a(great)number_of 許多；大量的7judging_from 從判斷8be_trapped_in 陷入9be_proud_of 以而自豪 10be_buried_in 埋頭于 選用左欄短語填空1Im sorry that I forgot to bring your medicine downstairs; Ill go upstairs and get it right_away2They think_little_of the d

29、ifficulties and setbacks on their way forward.3There were a_number_of children playing on the playground when we arrived.4Todays hard work is at_an_end and we now have time for a short rest.5The soldiers were working hard to dig_out the people who were trapped in the fallen buildings.仿寫用活句式 eq avs4a

30、l(造佳句表達高) 單元句式會寫1句式：too.to.太而不能，表示否定意義教材：In the farmyards，the chickens and even the pigs were too_nervous_to_eat在農家大院里，雞甚至連豬都緊張得不想吃食。2句式：It seemed/seems(to sb.)that/as if.(對某人來說)似乎/好像教材：It_seemed_as_if the world was at an end!仿佛到了世界末日！3句式：leave賓語賓補“使處于某狀態”教材：Thousands of families were killed and man

31、y children were_left_without_parents成千上萬個家庭遇難，許多孩子變成了孤兒。4句式：all.notnot all.表示部分否定教材：All_hope_was_not_lost.不是所有的希望都破滅了。 單元主題佳句背誦自然災害1Last week，severe haze struck my hometown，making it too dark to see anything.上周，我的家鄉出現了嚴重的霧霾，使得天空暗的看不見。2So far，the earthquake has killed about 1，000 people and has left

32、thousands of injured.到目前為止，地震已造成約1 000人死亡，數千人受傷。3The snowstorm destroyed power facilities and some houses，cutting off power supplies in many areas and making many people homeless.暴風雪摧毀了電力設施和一些房屋，切斷了許多地區的電力供應，使許多人無家可歸。4Live as if you were to die tomorrow.Learn as if you were to live forever.珍惜生命，就像死神

33、即將來臨；熱愛學習，就像生命能夠永恒。at an end 結束；終結 eq x(先練會) 單句語法填空/補全句子The meeting came to an end and he set down a number of key words.At first he refused to accept any responsibility but he ended up apologizing(apologize).(2020天津卷滿分作文) At_the_end_of_the_ceremony(在儀式結束時)，a video about fighting against COVID19 was

34、 released for us to watch，which moved us deeply. eq x(再寫美) 詞匯升級The speech contest finished.Thankfully，I ended up winning the first prize and my hard work paid off finally.(升級加黑詞匯)The speech contest was_at_an_endThankfully，I ended up winning the first prize and my hard work paid off in_the_end(1)at t

35、he end of.在盡頭，在末端by the end of 到結束時，到時候為止(常與完成時態連用)in the end 最后；終于(2)come to an end 結束put an end to sth. 結束；終結make(both)ends meet 使收支相抵(3)end up with 以結束end up doing sth. 以做結 eq o(束,sdo4(,) When the journey was at an end，everybody felt tired and hungry.當旅程結束時，大家覺得又累又餓。a(great)number of 許多；大量的 eq x(

36、先練會) 對比填空/單句語法填空(2020天津卷) The_number_of medical schools reached 18 in the early 1990s and has remained around that level ever since.(the number of/a number of)As China develops fast and steadily，a_number_of foreigners are learning Chinese as a second language.(the number of/a number of)A great deal

37、of money was_donated(donate)to a university by an ordinary worker，which aroused public attention.With more and more forests cut down，large quantities of soil are(be)being washed away. eq x(再寫美) 微寫作我聽說我們學校的圖書館正計劃購置許多新書，所以我寫信推薦一些書。Ive heard that our school library is planning to_buy_a_number_of_new_bo

38、oks，so I am writing to recommend some books. eq avs4al(（1）blc rc(avs4alco1(a great/large/,small number of,a great/good many,quite a few)可數名詞復數,（2）blc rc(avs4alco1(a great deal of,a great/large amount of)不可數名詞,) In addition，there are a great number of famous artists whose masterpieces will be on exhi

39、bition.(2017全國卷書面表達)此外，許多著名藝術家的杰作將被展覽。句型公式：too.to.太而不能，表示否定意義(教材P26)In the farmyards，the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.在農家大院里，雞甚至連豬都緊張得不想吃食。 eq x(先練會) 單句語法填空(2019浙江卷滿分作文)We all know that exercise is good for us，but sometimes it seems too hard to_leave(leave)the sofa.He was too e

40、ager to know the result of his examination.You cant be too careful when you do your homework. eq x(再寫美) 微寫作沒有你的及時幫助，我不可能取得這樣的進步。我無法用語言來表達我對你的感激之情。(2019浙江卷滿分作文)Without your timely help，I couldnt have made such progress.No words are strong enough to_convey_how_grateful_I_am to you.,(1)tooadj./adv.(for

41、 sb.)to do sth.表示否定的意義，意為“太而不能”。(2)當too.to.用來修飾表達人的態度、情緒傾向的形容詞如anxious，eager，glad，happy，pleased，ready，willing等時，不定式表示肯定意義。(3)cant/can never.too.再怎么也不過分。adj./adv.enough(for sb.)to do sth.再怎么也不過分 eq o(。,sdo4(,) In my view，the problem is too difficult for her to solve.依我看來，問題對她來說太難解決了。句型公式：It seemed/se

42、ems(to sb.)that/as if.(對某人來說)似乎/好像(教材P26)It seemed as if the world was at an end！仿佛到了世界末日！ eq x(先練會) 單句語法填空The kids were very friendly with her and even looked up to her as if she were(be)their own mother.When he saw his mother at the street corner，the boy cried sadly as if he had_been_scolded(scold

43、)by someone else.He opened his mouth as if to_say(say)something.The tennis player is lying on the floor as if hurt(hurt)badly. eq x(再寫美) 微寫作我依然記得第一次去泰山旅游的事情，就像是在昨天一樣。I still remember my first trip to the Mount Tai as_if_it_were_yesterday,(1)如果從句表示的情況是真實的或極有可能發生的，從句謂語用陳述語氣。(2)如果從句所陳述的情況是不真實的或極少可能發生的，

44、從句謂語用虛擬語氣。與現在事實相反：did/were與過去事實相反：had done與將來事實相反：would/could.do(3)如as if/though引導的從句中的主語和主句的主語相同，且含有be動詞，可省略從句主語和be動詞 eq o(。,sdo4(,) Look at the dark clouds in the sky! It seems as if it is going to rain.Lets hurry up.看看天上的烏云！看起來要下雨，咱們快一點。句型公式：all.notnot all.表示部分否定(教材P26)All hope was not lost.不是所有的

45、希望都破滅了。 eq x(先練會) 單句語法填空/補全句子Nothing in the world is difficult if one sets his mind to it.He told me all pieces of the news，but none_of_them_was_exciting(沒有一個是有趣的).Its impossible for all the applicants to get the jobs，because not_all_of_them_are_fit_for_them(并非所有的人都適合這項工作). eq x(再寫美) 一句多譯最近的一項調查顯示，并

46、非我們學校的所有學生都在業余時間進行體育鍛煉。A recent survey shows that not_all_the_students_in_our_school_take_physical_exercise in their spare time.A recent survey shows that all_the_students_in_our_school_dont_take_physical_exercise in their spare time.,(1)英語中的all，both，every，everybody，everything，completely，always，whol

47、e，entirely 等與否定詞not連用，無論not位置如何，均構成部分否定，表示“并非都”的意思。(2)英語中的no，none，never，nobody，nothing，neither，no one，nowhere等表否定意義的詞(組)與肯定式謂語一起使用構成“全部否定” eq o(。,sdo4(,) Our English teacher is excellent，but she cant help everyone in the class in 50 minutes.我們的英語老師非常棒，但是她不可能在50分鐘內幫助班里的每一位同學。短語句式二維練 eq avs4al(多維度練技能)

48、 eq avs4al(固定搭配和句式) 在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式1(2020浙江卷7月)I had to take action，so I picked my courage and tried to frighten him away with the pepper spray(胡椒噴霧劑)，but finally failed.2When the game finally ended，both of us were lying flat on our backs，too tired to move.3School started，but I felt more ne

49、rvous as if I were(be)in a foreign country now.4Jim entered the competition without much hope，not thinking he would end up with the first prize.5San Francisco lay in ruins even though rescuers managed to dig out a great number of survivors.6The terribly frightening accident caused several deaths，lea

50、ving him seriously injured(injure). eq avs4al(補全句子/詞匯升級/同義句轉換) 1一對年輕夫婦在船上吃著東西，說著話，大笑著，好像他們是這世界上僅有的人。A young couple in a boat were eating，talking and laughing loudly as_if_they_were_the_only_people_in_the_world2我不能和你一起去書店，因為我身體太虛弱了以至于無法走出臥室。The reason why I cant go to the bookstore with you is that I

51、m too_weak_to_walk_out_of my bedroom.3The meeting was finished and he set down many key points.The meeting was_at_an_end and he set down many key points.The meeting came_to_an_end and he set down many key points.4All body language doesnt mean the same thing in different countries，such as nodding.Not_all_body_language_means_t