1、初二英語八上U5專題學案現在完成時態Warm-up: ReadingI have learnt a bit of t' ai chi, and I really enjoy it. We' ve already learnt a lot about Chinhistory. The teachers have introduced us to Chinese painting as well. We vealso tried to paint some pictures ourselves! I haven ' t had much success yet, but I

2、 ' ll keep trying. ”考1.掌握現在完成時態的用法綱2.掌握時態的辨別要求3.掌握常考動詞過去分詞的不規則變化命題規律一、重難點1）現在完成時態的概念2）重點：現在完成時態的結構與定義3）現在完成時態中常見時間狀語4）難點：時態的辨別;already, yet, ever, neve的區分二、精講點撥1 .現在完成時定義和結構基本結構定義（適用情況）例句常用提示詞匯或時間狀語have/has +P.P（動詞過去分1.表小過去發生或完成的動作對現在的影響A. She has already finished her work.B. My sister and I hav

3、e just seen Avatar.（可凡達）.already, yet, never, ever, just, for, since, these詞）2.表示動作從過 去已經開始，一直 持續到現在。A. We have been here for six years.B. Janet has worked for this factory since 1996.days, so far, up to now, in the past 2 years等PS: 1）當主語是第三人稱單數時用 has,其余人稱用have.2）過去分詞：規則動詞的過去分詞構成與動詞過去式相同，不規則動詞需要特殊記憶

4、【Ex1】1.參照列子寫出下列動詞的四種形式e.g. come- came- come- comes- coming1. rain -2. try -3. destroy -4. fly -5. begin -6. carry -7. shop -8. drop -2 .選用have或has填空。1. Ivisited the museum.2. you ever been to Beijing?3. My mother made a lot of apple juice.4. he watched the film?5. Mrs Brownbought some read and milk.

5、2.句式肯定句、否定句、疑問句形式句式結構例句白JE陳述句主語+have/has+p.p1 .They have visited Guangzhou.2 .He has visited Guangzhou.否定陳述句主語+haven' t/hasn ' pt+p.1 .They haven ' t visited Guangzhou2 .He hasn ' t visited Guangzhou.一般疑問句Have/Has+主語+p.p1. Have they visited Guangzhou?2. Has he visited Guangzhou?第頁第16

6、頁回答Yes,主語+have/has.No,主語+haven' t/hasn ' t.1 .Yes, they have. No, they haven2 .Yes, he has. No, he hasn' t.特殊疑問句疑問詞 +have/has+t 語+p.p?1 .Where have they visited?2 .Where has he visited?t.PS:縮略形式:I have = Iveyou have = you ' vewe have 二=we vethey have =they ' vehe has = he ' s

7、She has =she ' sit has = it 'shave not = haven ' thas not =:hasn ' t【Ex2按要求改寫下列句子1. Peter has told me the news.改為否定句）2. Edwin and Alex have watched the football game.改為一般疑問句并做肯定和否定回答 ）3. Timmy hasn ' t come here yet為肯定旬）3.用法注意1）表示動作已完成、結束，但對現在有影響。We have finished the work.我們已經完成了

8、工作。He has returned from abroad.他已從國外回來。2）表示發生在過去某一時刻并持續到現在的情況，常與“forx段時間"，since+過去某個時間點等時間狀語連用。Mary has been 川 for three days.瑪麗病了 三天了。I have lived here since 1998.從1998年起我就一直住在這里。3）表示 巴經”等意思，常與already, yet, just, before等時間狀語連用。He has already got two film tickets.他已經弄到兩張電影票了。We have seen that f

9、ilm before.我們以前看過這部電影。4）表示 曾經”、“（做過多少）次”，與ever, never, twice等表示頻率的時間狀語連用。Have you ever been to Zhongshan?（爾去過中 山 嗎?I have never seen such s tall building.我從未見過那么高的建筑物。5）與包括現在時間在內的時間狀語連用，如now, these days/ weeks/ months, scfr It has been very cold these days 這些天天氣彳艮冷。4. already, yet, ever, never副詞alre

10、ady （已經），yet （仍未，已經），ever （曾經），never （從不）常用于現在完成時旬中。1） already （已經），一般用于肯定句，位于句中或句末；可放在助動詞與過去分詞之間，也可放在旬末。2） yet 一般用于否定句和疑問句，位于旬末。在疑問句中意為已經”，否定句的意為 仍未3） ever表示 曾經”。用于陳述句或疑問句。4） never表示永不，從不”，是一個否定詞。用于陳述句，翻譯疑問句（后半部分用肯定）【Ex3】 單項選擇1) The boy over there has finished his homework.A. yetB. everC. never D.

11、already2) We have seen the film U郵屋環游記)，have we?t got everything readyA. alreadyB. neverC. everD. yet3) The boss will arrive in an hour, but the clerks havenA. everB. alreadyC. yetD. never4) Have you been to Berlin? No, not.A. never; already B. yet; never C. already; ever D. ever; yet5) It ' s t

12、welve o ' clock at night, but he is working.A. stillB. everC. alreadyD. yet【中考聚焦】has been to & have been tM別1. I.have/has been to去過某地（現在已回來）例如：I have been to Haiwaii.2. 2.have/has gone to去了某地（還沒回來）例如： She has gone to Hawaii.除了上述兩個短語，我們還常見到“has been in+地點+ for + 一段時間”的句式，意為 待在某地多長時間了 ”，請看例句：T

13、his lady has been in Germany for seven years.【Ex4根據中文上下文，選用 has been to, has gone to£ has been in填空。 Mrs Webb Guangzhou for more than two weeks.一Where is Doris?She the Carrefour(樂福).一How many times you OkinawOfH 電)?a) a)Three times.鞏固練習用所給動詞的適當形式填空(一挑橫線不限一個單詞)1. He(buy) some milk yesterday.2. H

14、e already (buy) some milk.3. She often(make) cakes for her husband.4. She(make) cakes for her husband already.5. Ijust(write) a letter to my mom.6. you ever(visit) the White House?7. Tony(find) his pen yet?8. Theynever(be) to Shanghai.9. Lucy (live) in Paris for five years.10. W (learn) English sinc

15、e two years ago.單項選擇1 . Tomup into the tree. Look, hehigh up there!A. has got, is B. has climbed, is C. got, was D. climbed, is2 .- you the book yet?-Yes, I it last week.A. Have, read, readB. Did, read, readC. Have, read, have readD. Did, read, have read3. My brother Beijing since two years ago.A. h

16、as gone toB. has been toC. has been in D. was in4. We have learnt 6 unitsthe beginning of this term.A. atB. inC. sinceD. for5. Ben for two hours.A. leftB. has leftC. has gone D. has been away翻譯下列句子1 .這本書我已經買了兩個星期。I this book two weeks ago.第頁奘16頁2 .-你在這里住了多久了?-10 年了。-youhere?-10 years.3 .他去過那些城市？Whic

17、h cities4 .她去了上海，還沒回到廣州。SheShanghai andback to Guangzhou.中考鏈接1. - Alan , it ' s late. Why not toebed?-Jenny hasn ' t come back yet. I for her. （2011）A. waitedB. have waitedC. am waiting D. was waiting2. - Do you know her well?Sure. We friends since ten years ago. （2011東）A. wereB. have madeC.

18、 have been D. have become3. The Green will visit Hainan as soon as they to China .（2010 廣東）A. comesB. comeC. cameD. will come第頁共16頁4. - Have you ever Australia? （2010 深圳）-Yes, I have. It ' s really interesting k ngahoos.A. been to; to play B. gone to; played C. been to; play D. gone to; playing5

19、. - Shush, be quiet! The baby in the next room.-Ok. Sorry. （2009 廣東）A. sleepB. sleptC. sleepsD. is sleeping6. Hi, Mr. Smith. I didn ' t know you were in New York. How long here. （2008州）A. have you come B. were youC. have you been D. will you come課后拓展1 .We' re going to take part in educationa

20、l exchange this term.A. aB. an C. the D./2 . Lily the Summer Palace three times so far.A. visitsB. visited C. has visitedD. have visited3 . They hope to see very soon.A. another B. one another C. other D. one other4 .-have you met in Shanghai?-I ' ve met my old friend Tom.A. Who B. When C. WhatD

21、. Where5.1 Have you ever made friends with someone from another country?-No, I.A.has B.hasn ' t C. have D. haven ' t6. We for the same junior high school last year.A. applying B. apply C. applied D. have applied7.1 f you take part in our educational exchange, you to another country.A. travel

22、 B. will travel C. travelled D. travelling8. She hasn ' t found her dog, but she ' s still trying.A. already B. yetC. ever D. never9. If westudy hard, wepass the final test.A. don ' t, will B. aren ' t, won 'Ct don ' t, won ' t D. won ' t, won ' t10. Will you come

23、 to the party?-Sorry,.A. I'm not afraid I canB. I ' m afraid soC. I think soD. I'm afraid, I can' t二、語法選擇We have known that people in different countries an places 1 different kinds of things _2a very long time ago. Foods 3 be cooked and eaten in different ways. People in different c

24、ountries eat at different 4 of the day, too. In some places people eat once or twice a day, in 5 countries people eat three or four times a day. Scientists 6 that none of the difference is really important. It_7 matter whether foods are eaten raw or cooked, cannedf 裝）or frozen（冷凍的）.It doesn ' t

25、matter 8 a person eats dinner at 4 o ' clock in the afternoon or at eleven o 9 night. Theliroportantthing _10 what we eat every day.1.A.eatB. ateC. will eatD. are eating2.A.forB. afterC. sinceD. at3.A.willB. canC. couldD. would4.A.timeB. timesC. a timeD. time ' s5.A.otherB. the othersC. anot

26、herD. any6.A. saidB. saysC. sayD. are saying7.A. isn ' tB. wasn ' tC. don ' tD.doesn '8.A. orB. thatC. ifD. why9.A. onB. atC. ofD. from10.A. doB. doesC. areD. is三、完形填空Of all the things we eat and drink, water is _1_. Not many people understand this2 itis quite true. The human body ca

27、n go 3 food for a long time, but two 4 three days without water usually makes people_5 .Many people do not 6_how much water the human body needs 7 well and many peopledo not drink enough, especially（尤其）in hot weather. Most people drink when they are 8 , but in fact people often need more water, espe

28、cially when they take exercise.A man' s body is about 70 percent water. If wto not have 9 water, we will feel 10 and become川.1. A. the most uselessB. the least necessaryC. the most importantD. the least important2. A. but3. A. withB. andB. withoutC. soC. onD. orD. by4. A. andB. soC. butD. or5. A

29、. deadB. sadC. angryD. frightened6. A. seeB. understandC. feelD. think7. A. to passB. to workC. to travelD. to form8. A. sickB.enoughC. hotD. thirsty9. A. someB. a littleC. enoughD. clean10. A. fineB. tiredC. happyD. well四、閱讀理解（共15小題，滿分觀分）AIn Britain the weather never gets too hot or too cold. There

30、 is not a great difference between summer and winter. Why is this?Britain has a warm winter and a cool summer because it is an island 島）country. In winter the sea is warmer than the land. The winds from the sea bring warm air to Britain. In summer the sea is cooler than the land. The winds from the

31、sea bring cool air to Britain.The winds from the west blow over Britain all the year. They blow from the southwest across the Atlantic Ocean. They are wet winds. They bring rain to Britain all the year. Britain has a lot of rain all the year. The west of Britain is wetter than the east. The winds mu

32、st blow across the high land in the west. The east of Britain is drier than the west.1. What ' s the weather like in Britain?.A It ' s either toohot or toocoldBIt ' s bothtoo hot and too coldC It ' s neither toohotnor too coldDWe don' tknow2. When do the winds bring cool air to B

33、ritain ?A In springBIn summerC In autumnDIn winter3. Why is the weather in summer and in winter almost the same?A There is no difference between summer and winter in Britain.B There is sea around this countryC There are winds from the high land.D There is much rain in the Atlantic Ocean4. Which of t

34、he following is right?A There is more rain in the east than in the westB There is as much rain in the west as in the eastC There is less rain in the east than in the westD There isn ' t so much rain in the west as in the east5. The passage tells usA the seasons in BritainB the rain in BritainC t

35、he weather in BritainD the winds in Britain.BOnce when I was a teenager, my father and I were standing in line to buy tickets for the circus. Finally, there was only one family between the ticket office and us. This family made a big impression on me.“Pl(There were eight children, all probably under

36、 the age o12. You could tell they didn ' t have a lot of money. Their clothes were not expensive, but they were clean. The children talked excitedly about the clowns. It was clearly a very important day out for them. The father and mother seemed happy as they could be.The tickets lady asked how

37、many tickets the father wanted, he proudly answered,eight children ' s tickets and two adultstickets, so I can take my family to the circus.The ticket lady told him the price.'s face. He quThe man' s wife lowered her head. There was no longer a smile on the man How much did you say? ”The

38、 ticket lady again told him the price.The man obviously didn t have enough money. But how could he tell his kids the bad news?Seeing what was happening, my dad took a $20 note from his pocket and dropped in on the ground.(We were not rich ourselves at all!) He then tapped the man on the shoulder and

39、 said,“you dropped this. ”The man understood my father was helping him. He picked up the money, looked straight into mydad s eyes, and in tears replied.“ Thank you. This really means a lot to me and my family.Although we did not go to the circus that night, we didn t go without.6. Why does the write

40、r say “ Their clothes were not expensive, but they were clean” ( PaA. To show the children were well looked after.B. To show cheap clothes could be popular.C. To show how hard the mother worked.D. To show how rich the family were.7. Why was the poor man unhappy after he spoke with the ticket lady?A.

41、 He had lost his money. B. His children were noisy.C. The tickets were sold out.D. The tickets were too expensive.8. Who did the $20 note belong to?A. The poor man . B. The writer s father.C. The poor man s wife. D. The ticket lady.9. Why was the poor man in tears at the end of the story?A. He found

42、 the money he lost.B. He wanted others to help him.C. He made his children unhappy.D. He was thankful for the kindness.10. Which of the following statements is probably true according to the passage?A. The poor mans saw the circus that night.B. The two families became close friends.C. The writer s f

43、ather earned some money.D. The writer saw the circs that night.(A)For sale: Chinese-made bicycle. Good condition.(狀況) Zhangying306, Room 4(B) Needed 25-year-old woman: 900 Yuan a month, speak good English. Lan Fleming 422389506(C) Roommate wanted: Male-English native speaker wanted to share a 2-bedr

44、oom apartment; near school; washer, dryer, kitchenCall: Li, 228-940605 any evening after 5.(D) lost black briefcase 儂文包)with 4 books on physicsCall: john smith 843-316065(E) wanted to rent (租用):one-bedroom apartment from Feb. 1 through June, better near schoolCall Robert Waller 843-429065(F) Found b

45、rown briefcase with some money See: Joseph Hofman in chemistry dept.(化學系)11. You can call Zhang Ying if you want to.A. buy a bike B. sell a bike C. have your bike repaired D. borrow a bike12. If a girl wants to find a job, and she can speak English, she can.A. telephone 843-429065 B. call 228-940605

46、C. call Hofiman D. call Lan Fleming13. One of the reasons why Li wants someone to share his room is that.A. he wants to live near the schoolB. he wants to improve his EnglishC. he wants his washer, dryer and kitchen to be usedD. he wants someone to use his kitchenE. he wants someone to use his kitch

47、en14. Robert Waller wishes to rent a room.A. near the school B. far away from the schoolC. inside the school D. outside the school15. Joseph Hofman.A. found john smith riefcaseB. was a teacherC. found a briefcase with many booksD. found a brown briefcase with some moneyDThis is not a diet. It's

48、a simple way to lose weight And you don' t even have to give up the food you love or join a gym. You just follow some habits that thin people have. Keep them, and you'll become thin.( 1 ) Wake - upWhen you wake up in the morning, sit up slowly without using your hands. With legs straight out

49、, bend( 彎曲 ) forward until you feel sore in your back. It will burn about 10 calories (熱量單位，卡路里).(2) Start with soupWhen you have a meal, order a clear soup, and have it before having the main fooD. In this way, you'll feel fuller, so you'll eat less when the main food comes.(3) An apple (or

50、 more) a dayApples are full of fiber and water, so your stomach will want less. The study shows that people who eat at least three, apples a day lose weight.(4) Stand up and walk aroundEvery time you use the mobile phone, stand up and walk arounD. Heavy people sit on average 均 ) two and a half hours

51、 more each day than thin people. This skill is very important as standing up and walking around will burn 50 or more calories.Use these skills, and you will have a big weight loss.16. What should we have first if we want to eat less main food?A. Soup B. Ice creamC. Salad D. Cheese17. What s the mean

52、ing of the underlined word“ fiber ”?A. 果汁 B. 纖維C. 能量 D. 種子18. Which of the following may the author disagree?A. Sitting up slowly without using your hands helps burn calories.B. Eating apples every day is good for people's healthC. You have to join a gym if you want to lose weightD. It' s go

53、od to walk around while talking on the mobile phone 19. What's the purpose of the passage?A. To give some advice on how to lose weightB. To advise people to eat apples every dayC. To tell people how to enjoy a better lifeD. To advise people to give up bad habits20. In which part of a newspaper w

54、ould you most probably read the passage?A. ShoppingB. Teaching C. FamilyD. Health.五.單詞拼寫1. I keep in t with my friends by email.2. Young people should r the old and help them.3. When I was on the educational exchange in Germany last year, I had a good time living with my hfamily.4. He started playing for the l club when he was ten years o