1、Business Letter TermsFlorenceFeb 21, 2013商務(wù)信函書信是日常生活中常用的文體，是用以交涉事宜、傳達(dá)信息、交流思想、聯(lián)絡(luò)感情、增進(jìn)了解的重要工具。Purpose: negotiate, transfer information, exchange ideas, keep in touch with others, enhance mutual understanding, etc. Letters商務(wù)信件商務(wù)信件 或或 公函公函(Business Letter or Official Correspondence)私人信件私人信件(Private Lett

2、er)英文商務(wù)信函寫作格式英文商務(wù)信函寫作格式英文信函分為混合式混合式和齊頭式齊頭式。 混合式：每一段的首行縮進(jìn)兩格。落款在信末中間靠右下的位置。 齊頭式：信的所有內(nèi)容都靠左，段與段之間空一行。英文信函的習(xí)慣用法，由以下幾個(gè)方面組成： (1)信頭信頭 The heading信頭是指信紙上印刷或打印的企業(yè)名稱、廠稱、地址、電話號(hào)碼、電報(bào)掛號(hào)、主管人姓名等。通常情況下，公司都會(huì)專門印制帶有信頭的信箋紙，包括發(fā)信人的姓名，地址，電話，傳真等。當(dāng)我們撰寫傳統(tǒng)信件時(shí)，直接使用這種信箋紙就可以。(2)編號(hào)和日期編號(hào)和日期 The reference number and the date方便以后查信使用。

3、Your ref: （你方編號(hào)） Our ref: （我方編號(hào)） 日期通常打印在信頭的右下方位置，或在寄信人姓名和地址的下方位置。日期的英式寫法是日、月、年；美式寫法是月、日、年。為了避免誤解，日期、年份用數(shù)字表示，月份則用英文表示，第一個(gè)字母要大寫，也可用縮寫。比如May 1, 1998(美式寫法)；1, May, 1998(英式寫法)。 (3)信內(nèi)地址信內(nèi)地址 The inside address與信封上的收信人名稱和地址相同，通常打印在信紙的左側(cè)，低于日期位置24行，也可在簽字位置下24行。 書寫收信單位名稱時(shí)，應(yīng)特別尊重對(duì)方的習(xí)慣，不能隨意增刪公司名稱前的冠詞The，也不能隨意改用繁寫

4、及縮寫，如Company與Co.之間不能互換，否則會(huì)被認(rèn)為是不禮貌的行為。收信人地址的書寫格式與信封相同。 (4)稱謂稱謂 The salutation在英文信函中，相同于“閣下”、“先生”等類禮貌性稱謂，常用Dear sirs”；稱呼企業(yè)，公司的婦女組織常用Madams，Ladies；無具體收信人姓名用Dear Sir or Madam 稱呼收信者。 收信人是個(gè)人，就應(yīng)在收信人姓名之前加稱謂，如Mr.(先生)，Mrs.(夫人)，Miss(小姐)，Pres.(總經(jīng)理、會(huì)長(zhǎng)、總統(tǒng)等)，Prof.(教授)等等。 (5)開頭語開頭語The open sentences 開頭語沒有統(tǒng)一的格式，但習(xí)慣上

5、先用客套的語句把收到對(duì)方來信的日期，主題及簡(jiǎn)單內(nèi)容加以綜合敘述，使對(duì)方一目了然這是答復(fù)哪一封去信的。如果是第一次通信，也可以利用開頭語作必要的自我介紹，并表明目的要求。開頭語一般與正文分開，自成一節(jié)，要求簡(jiǎn)單明了。(6)正文正文 The body of the letter正文的地位和內(nèi)容與中文書信相同。在英文商業(yè)信函中，信文從稱謂下兩行起書寫，行間相距一行，段落間空兩行。信文以占信紙的四分之三為宜，四周留出一定空白，每一行左起第一字要取齊，右起第一字不必一律取齊，但盡量要考慮到整齊美觀。 (7)結(jié)尾語結(jié)尾語The closing sentences 結(jié)尾語一般用來總結(jié)文本所談的事項(xiàng)，提示對(duì)收

6、信人的要求，如“希望來信來函定貨”，“答復(fù)詢問”等，另外也附加一些略帶客套的語氣。正文結(jié)束后，另起一段寫結(jié)尾語。 (8)結(jié)尾敬語結(jié)尾敬語 The complimentary close英文商業(yè)信函的結(jié)尾是寫信人的謙稱，相當(dāng)于“敬上”的意思。若收信者為公司，謙稱則常用：Yours Truly，Truly Yours，Yours faithfully等；若收信者為個(gè)人，則常用：Yours sincerely，Sincerely yours等。需要注意的是，結(jié)尾的謙稱后必須加逗號(hào)。 (9) 署名署名 The signature 署名由兩部分組成，一是寫信人的簽名，二是打印出的寫信人的姓名。簽名用鋼筆

7、或圓珠筆寫在結(jié)尾謙稱下5行的位置內(nèi)。盡量不要用印章，用印章的話，說明該信件并非本人親自過目，只是通函而已，不為人重視。為易于辨認(rèn)，在簽名下還應(yīng)打印姓名，有時(shí)還將職銜一并打印。常見的職銜有：Chairman of the Board of directors(董事長(zhǎng))，President或Genera1 Manager(總經(jīng)理)，Director(董事)，Manager(經(jīng)理)，Section chief(科長(zhǎng))等。 需要指出的是，寫信人如要代表企業(yè)單位或代理簽署時(shí)，應(yīng)在結(jié)尾謙稱下打印出全部大寫的企業(yè)單位名稱，然后才簽署，以表明該信不是以寫信人個(gè)人身份寫的，信由所述事宜均由企業(yè)單位負(fù)責(zé)。 (10

8、) 附件附件 Enclosure 如果信中有附件，應(yīng)在左下角注明Encl. 或Enc.。 例如： Encls: 2 Invoices Enc.: 1 insurance policy(11)其它其它 商業(yè)信函除上述內(nèi)容外，還經(jīng)常遇到以下情況： 寫信人提請(qǐng)對(duì)方特定人員注意時(shí)，可在信內(nèi)姓名及地址的下面或在稱呼同一行之右側(cè)說明，并加上Attn.(Attention的縮寫)字祥，也可在字下劃?rùn)M線表示。 寫信人為使對(duì)方迅速、正確地理解信所談的主題與目的，常在信內(nèi)列出“事由”項(xiàng)，記在信文的上方，并在Subject底下劃?rùn)M線，以提醒對(duì)方注意。 為便于商業(yè)信函留存查閱并分清責(zé)任，書信下部注有發(fā)信人及打字員姓名

9、的第一個(gè)字母，位于署名下兩行的左下方。 為說明信所附附件，便于收信人清點(diǎn)，可在發(fā)信人及打字員姓名的字母下行加注。 如信文寫完后需要補(bǔ)充一點(diǎn)，或加附與信文主題無關(guān)的簡(jiǎn)短內(nèi)容時(shí)，可在信文末尾附件下加附言，用P.S.(Postscript的縮寫)引導(dǎo)。 英語商業(yè)信函常用語英語商業(yè)信函常用語（1）貴函 your letter; your favour; your esteemed letter; your esteemed favour; your valued letter; your valued favour; your note; your communication; your greatl

10、y esteemed letter; your very friendly note; your friendly advice. （2）本信，本函 our (my) letter; our (my) respects; ours (mine); this letter; these lines; the present. （3）前函 the last letter; the last mail; the last post; the last communication; the last respects(自己的信); the last favour(來信). （4）次函 the next

11、 letter; the next mail; the next communication; the letter following; the following. （5）貴函發(fā)出日期 your letter of (the) 5th may; your favour dated (the) 5th June; yours of the 3rd July; yours under date (of) the 5th July; your letter bearing date 5th July; your favour of even date(ae); your letter of ye

12、sterday; your favour of yesterdays date; your letter dated yesterday. （6）貴方來電、電傳及傳真 your telegram; your wire; your cablegram(從國(guó)外); your coded wire(密碼電報(bào)); your code message; your cipher telegram; your wireless telegram; your telex; your fax. （7）貴方電話 your telephone message; your phone message; your te

13、lephonic communication; your telephone call; your ring. （8）通知 (noun) advice; notice; information; notification; communication; a report; news; intelligence; message. (verb) to communicate (a fact) to; to report (a fact) to.on; to apprise (a person) of; to let (a person) know; to acquaint (a person)

14、with; to intimate (a fact) to; to send word; to send a message; to mail a notice; to write (a person) information; to give notice（預(yù)告）; to break a news to(通知壞消息); to announce(宣布). （9）回信 (noun) an answer; a reply; a response. (verb) to answer; to reply; to give a reply; to give ones answer; to make an

15、 answer; to send an answer; to write in reply; to answer ones letter. (特此回信) reply to; answering to; in answer to; in reply to; in response to. (等候回信) to await an answer; to wait for an answer. (收到回信) to get an answer; to favour one with an answer; to get a letter answered. （10）收訖，收到 (noun) receipt(

16、收到); a receipt(收據(jù)); a receiver(領(lǐng)取人，取款人); a recipient(收款人) (verb) to receive; to be in receipt of; to be to (at) hand; to come to hand; to be in possession of; to be favoured with; to get; to have; to have before (a person); to make out a receipt(開出收據(jù)); to acknowledge receipt(告知收訖). （11）確認(rèn) to confirm

17、; confirming; confirmation; in confirmation of(為確認(rèn)，為證實(shí)); a letter of confirmation(確認(rèn)函或確認(rèn)書) （12）高興，愉快，欣慰 to have the pleasure to do; to have the pleasure of doing; to have pleasure to do; to have pleasure in (of) doing; to take (a) pleasure in doing (something); to take pleasure in doing (something);

18、 to be pleased to (with)(by); to be delighted at (in)(with); to be glad to (of)(about); to be rejoiced in (at). 7 Cs Principle for writing Business Letters3 Cs:Conciseness, Clearness, Courtesy7Cs:Completeness, Clearness, Concreteness, Conciseness, Correctness, Courtesy, Consideration一一 引言引言2 正文正文3 結(jié)

19、束結(jié)束4 結(jié)語結(jié)語第一段落：邊陳述寫信目的，邊設(shè)定整體。一一 引言部分引言部分 收信收信我們收到了您1998年4月14日的來信。We have received your letter of April 14, 1998.We have received your letter dated April 14, 1998.我們收到了您的咨詢函，非常感謝。We thank you for your inquiry.We have received your letter and thank you for your inquiry.我們非常高興從您的來信中獲悉We are pleased to l

20、earn from your letter.From your letter we have learned that.我們收到了您1998年5月23日的來函查詢，非常感激。We are grateful for your inquiry of May 23,1998.我們已經(jīng)收到了您1998年6月6日的來信。This is to acknowledge your letter of June 6, 1998.一一 引言部分引言部分 回信回信我非常愉快地回復(fù)您1998年8月18日的來函查詢。We are pleased to respond to your inquiry of August

21、18, 1998.We are pleased to answer your letter of August 18, 1998.以下是就您1998年10月21日來信的回函。We are writing in response to your letter of October 21, 1998.We are writing with reference to your letter of October 21, 1998.這是對(duì)您1998年10月29日來信的復(fù)函。This refers to your letter of October 29, 1998.這是對(duì)您1998年11月4日來信給予

22、的答復(fù)。This is in response to your letter of November 4, 1998. 從來信中得知從來信中得知我們高興地從您的來信中得知We are happy to learn from your letter that.From your letter we have learned that.我們很遺憾地從您的信中得知We regret to learn from your letter that.We are really sorry to learn from your letter that.我們?yōu)槲覀兊牟铄e(cuò)向您表示真誠(chéng)的歉意。We would l

23、ike to offer our sincere apologies for the mistake. *“從內(nèi)心發(fā)出的歉意”，用sincere apologies表示。得知真是太好了。It is nice to know / learn / hear that.為我們很遺憾。It is regretted that.It is regrettable that.一一 引言部分引言部分 聯(lián)系聯(lián)系我們非常愉快地通知您 We are pleased to inform you that.We are excited to inform you that.We are happy to inform

24、 you that. 我們想通知您We would like to inform you that. 我們非常榮幸地通知您 We take pleasure in informing you of. *用于轉(zhuǎn)達(dá)好消息時(shí)。We take pleasure in informing you that. 我們很遺憾地通知您 We regret to inform you that. *通知的內(nèi)容不太好時(shí)。我們抱歉地通知您 We are sorry to inform you that. *比用regret的語氣要婉轉(zhuǎn)。 請(qǐng)?jiān)试S我通知您 Please be advised that. *好、壞消息均可

25、以用。隨信附上隨信附上 We will enclose. *enclose “裝入信封”。 隨信附上的復(fù)印件 We are enclosing a copy of. 復(fù)印件隨信一并寄上。 There is a copy of. attached to this letter. *attach 有附上“大件的東西和主要東西”的語氣。Attached, please find. 附上了你要的 Attached you will find. 附寄在內(nèi)的是一份的復(fù)印件。Enclosed is a copy of.Enclosed, please find.A copy of.is enclosed.

26、寄給寄給、請(qǐng)、請(qǐng)(對(duì)方對(duì)方)寄出寄出我們將寄給你 We will send you.We are sending you.We will mail you. 我們非常高興地寄給你 We are pleased to send you.We are happy to send you. 我們另外再把合同書寄給您。 We are sending you the contract separately. 您能將寄給我們嗎?Would you please send us.? *雖是口語，但給人有禮貌的感覺。 如果你能將寄給我的話，我們將非常感謝。We would appreciate it if y

27、ou would send us. *表示對(duì)對(duì)方的感謝之情。If you would send us是假設(shè)條件句，意思是“我不知您是否能給我寄來，如果能寄來的話”，這是對(duì)對(duì)方相當(dāng)尊重的說法。 認(rèn)為對(duì)方收到了自己的信件認(rèn)為對(duì)方收到了自己的信件幾個(gè)月前，我們?cè)褪陆o您寫了一封信。Some months ago we wrote you regarding. *regarding “關(guān)于”。 就事我們至今沒有得到您的回音。 So far, we do not seem to have received word from you. *催促什么事情時(shí)。如果在1998年12月1日前還得不到您的回音的話，

28、 If we do not hear from you by December 1, 1998.*語氣有些嚴(yán)厲。 有關(guān)事，我們還未收到您的任何回音。So far, we have not received word from you. *so far “至今為止”。So far, we have not received any word from you. 因回復(fù)遲了而表示歉意因回復(fù)遲了而表示歉意很抱歉未能盡早給您回信。 We apologize for not replying to you earlier. 未能及時(shí)給您回信，我們深表歉意。We are sorry for not ans

29、wering your letter sooner.We are sorry for not replying to your letter sooner.We are sorry for not responding to your letter sooner.久未回信，讓您久等了。Thank you for your patience. *patience “忍耐，耐心，耐性”。中間段落：敘述信函的主題。必要時(shí)可以分成數(shù)段展開議論。二二 正文部分正文部分 敘述事情敘述事情我們被告知 We are told that.我們從青木先生那兒了解到We understand from Mr. Ao

30、ki that.我們察覺到We found out / observed / discovered that.我們希望提醒貴方注意We would like to call your attention to. *用于必須說出很嚴(yán)重的事情時(shí)。我們想利用這次的機(jī)會(huì)就事提醒您。May we take this occasion to remind you that. *有禮貌但語氣嚴(yán)厲。用于欠款到期不還等情況時(shí)。May we take this opportunity to remind you that.二二 正文部分正文部分 轉(zhuǎn)達(dá)希望轉(zhuǎn)達(dá)希望我們希望您能We hope that you wil

31、l.我們希望收到We hope to receive.我對(duì)很感興趣。We are interested in. *適用于索取資料時(shí)。我們渴望知道We would be interested to learn.如果您能告訴我們，我們將不勝感激。We would appreciate it if you will let us know.We would appreciate it if you would let us know.We shall appreciate it if you would let us know.我們能麻煩您將寄給我們嗎?May we ask you to send

32、us.?二二 正文部分正文部分 致謝致謝非常感謝您為我們提供的一切。We thank you for your offer.您，我們不勝感激。I appreciate very much that you.對(duì)貴方的大力合作我們?nèi)f分感激。We appreciate your cooperation and. (*cooperation “合作”。)We thank you for your cooperation and.二二 正文部分正文部分 感到遺憾感到遺憾得知，我們感到很遺憾。It is regretful to learn of.我們抱歉地通知您We are sorry to infor

33、m you that.為，我們深表遺憾。We are very sorry that.我們遺憾地通知您We regret to inform you that. *We are sorry.帶有說話人犯有過失的語氣。而用We regret和regret則不清楚過錯(cuò)是在哪一方。It is regretted that.二二 正文部分正文部分 表示歉意表示歉意就，我們表示歉意。We apologize for.We deeply apologize for. *更加強(qiáng)調(diào)。We sincerely apologize for. *更加強(qiáng)調(diào)。我們對(duì)感到非常抱歉。We are very sorry fo

34、r. (*比We apologize for.的語氣要婉轉(zhuǎn)的道歉方式。)二二 正文部分正文部分 抱怨抱怨: 怨言對(duì)對(duì)方來講絕對(duì)不是一件使人愉快的事情， 所以在表達(dá)方式上有必要下一番工夫。我們不得不遺憾地通知您We are sorry to inform you that.我們不得不很遺憾地提醒您Please pay your attention to.( *用于引起別人注意時(shí)。)We would like to call your attention to.( *比較禮貌的說法。)我們想提醒您注意May we remind you that.?May we take this occasion

35、 to remind you that.?( *語氣較委婉，“借此機(jī)會(huì)我想就一問題提醒您的注意”。)我們想指出We wish to point out that. (*wish to. 雖然緩和了“我認(rèn)為”的語氣，但是說法仍然比較直接。)二二 正文部分正文部分 祝賀祝賀我們非常高興地獲悉We are delighted to learn that. *用于私人的或和對(duì)方很熟的情況下。delight “非常高興”。衷心地祝賀你Congratulations on your.We would like to offer our congratulations on your.二二 正文部分正文部分

36、 吊唁吊唁剛剛驚悉不幸逝世，我們深感悲痛。We have just learned with profound sorrow of the passing away of. (*profound “發(fā)自內(nèi)心的”，sorrow 表示“悲痛”。)對(duì)的不幸逝世我們深感痛惜。We wish to express our deep regret over the passing of. (*death 也可以代替passing, 但是death說法太直接，最好避開。)請(qǐng)接受我們誠(chéng)摯的哀悼。Please accept my sincerest condolences.結(jié)束段落：邊總結(jié)信函，邊向?qū)Ψ綊仭扒颉?/p>

37、，以便聯(lián)系到下次行動(dòng)。三三 結(jié)束部分結(jié)束部分 請(qǐng)求回函請(qǐng)求回函如能盡早回復(fù)，我們將不勝感激。We would appreciate an early reply.( *比較直率的表達(dá)方式。)我們期待著您滿意的回答。We look forward to your favorable reply.( *也可用于客人。favorable 表示“好意的，喜歡的”。)我們盼望著不久能聽到您的回音。We look forward to hearing from you soon.如果就此事您能盡早回信的話，我們將衷心感謝。Your prompt attention to this matter will

38、be appreciated. Your prompt attention in this matter will be appreciated.回信請(qǐng)寄到上述地址。Please write us at the above address. 請(qǐng)多關(guān)照請(qǐng)多關(guān)照我們希望您能We hope that you will.在此方面如果能夠得到您的合作我將非常感謝。Your kind cooperation in this respect is greatly appreciated.Your kind cooperation on this issue is greatly appreciated.我們

39、希望能夠繼續(xù)得到你們的合作和支持。We hope we can count on your continued cooperation and support. (*只限用在對(duì)方比較熟悉的情況下。count on “指望”。)我們期待著您的We look forward to your.我們確信我們的請(qǐng)求將We trust our request will. (*trust 包含了hope(希望)和believe(相信)兩個(gè)詞的意義。)三三 結(jié)束部分結(jié)束部分 表明熱情、誠(chéng)意；要求合作表明熱情、誠(chéng)意；要求合作我們期待著當(dāng)?shù)哪且豢獭e are looking forward to the tim

40、e when.請(qǐng)您不必客氣，盡管與我們聯(lián)系。Please do not hesitate to contact us. (*hesitate “猶豫，躊躇”。)Please do not hesitate to call us.我們渴望在方面給您以援助。We are always anxious to assist you in. (*be anxious to “渴望，想”。)We are always willing to assist you in.如果您有什么問題的話，請(qǐng)不必客氣，盡管與我們聯(lián)系。Should you have any questions, please do not

41、hesitate to contact us. (*在商業(yè)書信中常用，最好能記住。)If you have any questions, please feel free to contact us. (*比上一句更為口語化。)三三 結(jié)束部分結(jié)束部分 表示謝意謝謝您提醒我們注意此事。Thank you for calling this matter to our attention. (*call somebodys attention “促使注意”，該句多用于受到抱怨時(shí)。)非常感謝您給予我們的合作。Thank you very much for your cooperation.謝謝您提供給我們這樣服務(wù)的機(jī)會(huì)。Thank you for the opportunity to be of service.我們感謝能有這樣的機(jī)會(huì)去We appreciate this opportunity to.Thank you for this opportunity to.很高興和你們保持貿(mào)易關(guān)系。It is always a pleasure doing business with you.It is always a pleasure serving you.It is always a pleasure to serve you.三三 結(jié)束部分結(jié)束部分 表示歉意表示歉意請(qǐng)接受我們誠(chéng)摯的