1、The Passive Voice被被 動動 語語 態(tài)態(tài)語法項目表語法項目表被動語態(tài)被動語態(tài) 一般現(xiàn)在時一般現(xiàn)在時 一般過去時一般過去時 一般將來時一般將來時 英語動詞有兩種語態(tài)：英語動詞有兩種語態(tài)：主動語態(tài)（主動語態(tài)（Active Voice)和被動和被動語態(tài)語態(tài)(Passive Voice)。主動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的執(zhí)行主動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的執(zhí)行者，而被動語態(tài)則表示主語是動作的承受者者，而被動語態(tài)則表示主語是動作的承受者。 e.g. We cleaned the classroom yesterday. (主動語態(tài)，主動語態(tài)，主語主語we是是clean這一動作的這一動作的執(zhí)行者執(zhí)行者)

2、English is spoken by many people. (被動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)，主語，主語English是動作是動作speak的的承受者承受者。二、被動語態(tài)的構成二、被動語態(tài)的構成 助動詞助動詞be+及物動詞的過去分詞構成及物動詞的過去分詞構成。助動詞。助動詞be有有人稱、數(shù)、和時態(tài)的變化。人稱、數(shù)、和時態(tài)的變化。 一一、語態(tài)語態(tài)三、被動語態(tài)的用法：三、被動語態(tài)的用法：1. 不知道誰是動作的執(zhí)行者，或沒有必要不知道誰是動作的執(zhí)行者，或沒有必要指出誰是動作的執(zhí)行者指出誰是動作的執(zhí)行者。 e.g. These new cars are made in China（中國制造）（中國制造）.

3、（2004年完成句子）年完成句子） 這些新小汽車是中國制造。這些新小汽車是中國制造。2. 需要突出或強調動作的承受者需要突出或強調動作的承受者。 e.g. This dictionary is used by most students. 這本字典是大多數(shù)學生在用的。這本字典是大多數(shù)學生在用的。四四.主動語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的步驟主動語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的步驟.We plant trees in March every year. Trees are planted us in March every year. 主動語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的主動語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的三線交叉三線交叉結構示意圖結構示意圖:2.b

4、e+謂語動謂語動詞的過去分詞詞的過去分詞1.主語主語2.謂語動詞謂語動詞原形原形（一般現(xiàn)在時）（一般現(xiàn)在時）3.賓語賓語時間狀語時間狀語3.主語主語3.賓語賓語 時間狀語時間狀語by 介詞短語介詞短語介詞短語介詞短語四四.主動語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的步驟主動語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的步驟.Bell invented the telephone in 1876. The telephone was invented Bell in 1876. 主動語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的主動語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的三線交叉三線交叉結構示意圖結構示意圖:2.be+謂語動詞的謂語動詞的過去分詞過去分詞1.主語主語2.謂語動詞謂語動詞過去式過

5、去式（一般過去時）（一般過去時）3.賓語賓語時間狀語時間狀語3.主語主語3.賓語賓語時間狀語時間狀語by四四.主動語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的步驟主動語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的步驟.China will send up Shen Zhou into space this year. Shen Zhou will be sent up into space China this year. 主動語態(tài)為變被動語態(tài)的主動語態(tài)為變被動語態(tài)的三線交叉三線交叉結構示意圖結構示意圖:2.will be+謂語謂語動詞的過去分動詞的過去分詞詞1.主語主語2.謂語動詞謂語動詞（一般將來時）（一般將來時）3.賓語賓語時間狀語時間狀語

6、3.主語主語3.賓語賓語時間時間狀語狀語 by介詞短語介詞短語介詞短語介詞短語 主動語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)口訣：主動語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)口訣： 1 1、觀原句、觀原句，定時態(tài)定時態(tài)； 2 2、賓、賓變變主主； 3 3、謂、謂變變被被； 4 4、主、主變變賓賓，byby加前加前，可可省略省略； 5 5、介副隨、介副隨。Rewrite the sentences using the passive voice.點撥：觀察原句為一般現(xiàn)在時，謂語動詞為點撥：觀察原句為一般現(xiàn)在時，謂語動詞為plant，賓語為，賓語為the tea；改為被動語態(tài)時，應將；改為被動語態(tài)時，應將the tea變作主語，謂語動詞用變作主

7、語，謂語動詞用is planted的形式的形式, farmers作為被動語態(tài)的賓語作為被動語態(tài)的賓語,前面加前面加by。 1. Farmers plant the tea on the sides of mountains. _The tea is planted on the sides of mountains by farmers. 123點撥：觀察原句為一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)點撥：觀察原句為一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài), uses是謂語動是謂語動詞詞, the best materials是句子的賓語；改為被動語是句子的賓語；改為被動語態(tài)句時，應將態(tài)句時，應將the best materials作被動語態(tài)的主作

8、被動語態(tài)的主語，謂語動詞用語，謂語動詞用are used的形式的形式, 原句的主語原句的主語this shop 作為被動語態(tài)的賓語作為被動語態(tài)的賓語, 前面加前面加by。2. This shop uses the best materials to make dresses. The best materials are used to make dresses by this shop. 123點撥：觀察原句為一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)點撥：觀察原句為一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài), many traffic accidents是句子的賓語；是句子的賓語； causes是謂語動詞是謂語動詞,改改為被動語態(tài)時，應將為被動語態(tài)

9、時，應將many traffic accidents作被作被動語態(tài)的主語，謂語動詞用動語態(tài)的主語，謂語動詞用are caused的形式的形式, 原句的主語原句的主語careless drivers 作為被動語態(tài)的賓作為被動語態(tài)的賓語。語。3. Careless drivers causes many traffic accidents. Many traffic accidents are caused by careless drivers. 123點撥：觀察原句為一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)點撥：觀察原句為一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài), letters and postcards是句子的賓語是句子的賓語, brings是

10、謂語動詞是謂語動詞,改為改為被動語態(tài)時，應將被動語態(tài)時，應將letters and postcards作被動語作被動語態(tài)的主語，謂語動詞用態(tài)的主語，謂語動詞用are brought的形式的形式, 原句原句的主語的主語the postman 作為賓語作為賓語,前加前加by。4. The postman brings letters and postcards to peoples homes. Letters and postcards are brought to peoples homes by the postman. 123點撥：觀察原句為一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)點撥：觀察原句為一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài), th

11、is silver plate是句子的賓語；是句子的賓語； does not use是謂語動詞是謂語動詞,改為被改為被動語態(tài)時，應將動語態(tài)時，應將the silver plate 作被動語態(tài)的主作被動語態(tài)的主語語; 謂語動詞用謂語動詞用is not used的形式的形式, 原句的主語原句的主語our family作為被動語態(tài)的賓語作為被動語態(tài)的賓語, 前面加前面加by; very often 為副詞，緊隨句后。為副詞，緊隨句后。5. Ours family does not use this silver plate very often. This silver plate is not u

12、sed by our family very often. 123Rewrite the sentences using the passive voice.點撥：觀察原句為一般過去時，謂語動詞為點撥：觀察原句為一般過去時，謂語動詞為sold，賓語為，賓語為the fridge；改為被動語態(tài)時，；改為被動語態(tài)時，應將應將the fridge作主語，謂語動詞用作主語，謂語動詞用was sold的形式的形式, 把把they變?yōu)橘e格變?yōu)橘e格them，前加，前加by。1. They sold the fridge at a low price. _The fridge was sold at a lo

13、w price by them at a low price. n.電冰箱電冰箱adj. 低的；矮的低的；矮的123點撥：觀察原句的句子結構可知，點撥：觀察原句的句子結構可知，stole是謂語是謂語動詞，動詞，my camera是句子的賓語；改為被動語是句子的賓語；改為被動語態(tài)句時，應將態(tài)句時，應將my camera作句子主語，謂語動作句子主語，謂語動詞用詞用was stolen的形式，的形式，somebody 作賓語，前作賓語，前加加by。2. Somebody stole my camera from my hotel room. _ _My camera was stolen from

14、my hotel room by somebody. pron.某人某人 n.重要人物重要人物1233. Where did you take these photos? _Where were these photos taken (by you)? 點撥：觀察原句的句子結構可知，點撥：觀察原句的句子結構可知，take是謂是謂語動詞，語動詞，these photos是句子的賓語；改為是句子的賓語；改為被動語態(tài)句時，應將被動語態(tài)句時，應將these photos作句子主作句子主語，謂語動詞用語，謂語動詞用were taken的形式。但要注的形式。但要注意，主被動時態(tài)和句型一致的原則。意，主被動

15、時態(tài)和句型一致的原則。1234. Our parents advised us not to go out alone. _ _We were advised not to go out alone by our parents. 點撥：觀察原句為一般過去時態(tài)，謂語動詞為點撥：觀察原句為一般過去時態(tài)，謂語動詞為advised，賓語為，賓語為us；改為被動語態(tài)時，應將；改為被動語態(tài)時，應將us(賓賓格）變?yōu)楦瘢┳優(yōu)閃e(主格）作主語，謂語動詞用主格）作主語，謂語動詞用were advised的形式，的形式，our parents 作賓語，前加作賓語，前加by。advise sb. (not) t

16、o do sth.1235. Different writers translated the book into different languages. _ _The book was translated into different languages by different writers. v. 翻譯翻譯translateinto 點撥：觀察原句為一般過去時，謂語動詞為點撥：觀察原句為一般過去時，謂語動詞為translated，賓語為，賓語為the book；改為被動語態(tài)時，；改為被動語態(tài)時，應將應將the book作主語，謂語動詞用作主語，謂語動詞用was translated

17、的形式的形式, different writers作賓語，前加作賓語，前加by。123Rewrite the sentences according to the example.1. You must clean your bedroom everyday. Your bedroom must be cleaned everyday.2. Parents should encourage teenagers to do social work for their community.Teenagers should be encouraged to do social work for th

18、eir community by parents. 3. Can Lucy do her homework tomorrow instead?Can her homework be done by Lucy tomorrow instead?Rewrite the sentences using the passive voice.點撥：觀察原句為一般將來時態(tài)，謂語為點撥：觀察原句為一般將來時態(tài)，謂語為will make，賓語為，賓語為a model plane；改為被動語態(tài)時，；改為被動語態(tài)時，將將a model plane作主語，謂語動詞用作主語，謂語動詞用will be made的形式的

19、形式, 原句主語原句主語Tom作為賓語作為賓語,前加前加by, tomorrow隨其后。隨其后。1. Tom will make a model plane tomorrow. A model plane will be made by Tom tomorrow. 123Rewrite the sentences using the passive voice.點撥：觀察原句為一般將來時態(tài)，原句的謂點撥：觀察原句為一般將來時態(tài)，原句的謂語動詞為語動詞為will sell，賓語為，賓語為the car；改為被動；改為被動語態(tài)時，應將語態(tài)時，應將the car變作主語，謂語動詞用變作主語，謂語動詞

20、用will be sold的形式的形式, 把原句把原句they變?yōu)橘e格變?yōu)橘e格them。2. They will sell the car at a low price. The car will be sold at a low price by them. 1232002-2015年陜西省中考被動語態(tài)試題年陜西省中考被動語態(tài)試題2002年. 25.The old man was quite weak after the accident, so he _. A. must be take care of B. must take care of C. must be looked afte

21、r D. must look after2004年. 25. A talk on science _ in our school next Monday. A. will give B. will be given C. has given D. has been given2005年. 27.Today computers _ in both cities and towns. A. were using B. are used C. were used D. are using2006年. 27.The window _ten minutes ago, and the room is br

22、ight now. A. can be cleaned B. is cleaned C. was cleaned D. will be cleaned2002-2015年陜西省中考被動語態(tài)試題年陜西省中考被動語態(tài)試題2006年. 8. All these photos _（take）by my father in Hong Kong in 1997.（完成句子）（完成句子）2007年. 30.Trees and flowers_ every year to make our country more beautiful. A. is planted B. was planted C. are

23、planted D. were planted2008年. All the books written by Maugham 39 in a short time and the writer became famous.（完形填空）（完形填空） A. are sold out B. were sold out C. have sold out D. sold out2009年. 4. More trees and flowers should be _ (plant) to make our hometown beautiful. （完成句子）（完成句子）2010年. 10. Many sc

24、hool things were _ (send) to Yushu last month. （完成句子）（完成句子）2002-2015年陜西省中考被動語態(tài)試題年陜西省中考被動語態(tài)試題2011年. 25. Driving after drinking wine_ in China. A. allows B. doesnt allow C. is allowed D. isnt allowed 2012年. 29. A new club _in our school at the beginning of this year and now it has many members. A. starts B. is started C. has started D. was started2013年. 28.The mobile phone has influenced pe