1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上Reading Comprehension for CET 6Passage 1In the 1962 movie Lawrence of Arabia,one scene shows an American newspaper reporter eagerly snapping photos of men looting a sabotaged of the looters,Chief Auda abu Tayi of the Howeitat clan,suddenly notices the camera and snatches I in this?he as

2、ks,before smashing it the dismayed reporter,Lawrence explains,He thinks these things will steal his thinks you're a kind of thief.As soon as colonizers and explorers began taking cameras into distant lands,stories began circulating about how indigenous peoples saw them as tools for black ignoran

3、t natives may have had a photography first became available,scientists welcomed it as a more objective way of recording faraway societies than early travelers' exaggerated in some ways,anthropological photographs reveal more about the culture that holds the camera than the one that stares into t

4、he 1950s and 1960s,many ethnographers sought pure pictures of primitive cultures,routinely deleting modern accoutrements such as clocks and Western paid men and women to re-enact rituals or to pose as members of war or hunting parties,often with little regard for Curtis,the legendary photographer of

5、 North American Indians,for example,got one Makah man to pose as a whaler with a spear in 1915-even though the Makah had not hunted whales in a generation.These photographs reinforced widely accepted stereotypes that indigenous cultures were isolated,primitive,and instance,National Geographic magazi

6、ne's photographs have taught millions of Americans about other Catherine Lutz and Jane Collins point out in their 1993 book Reading National Geographic,the magazine since its founding in 1888 has kept a tradition of presenting beautiful photos that don't challenge white,middle-class American

7、 dark-skinned women can be shown without tops,for example,white women's breasts are that could unsettle or disturb,such as areas of the world torn asunder by war or famine,are discarded in favor of those that reassure,to conform with the society's stated pledge to present only kindly visions

8、 of foreign result,Lutz and Collins say,is the depiction of an idealized and exotic world relatively free of pain or class conflict.Lutz actually likes National Geographic a read the magazine as a child,and its lush imagery influenced her eventual choice of anthropology as a just thinks that as peop

9、le look at the photographs of other cultures,they should be alert to the choice of composition and images. main idea of the passage is_.APhotographs taken by Western explorers reflect more Westerners perception of the indigenous cultures and the Western values.BThere is a complicated relationship be

10、tween the Western explorers and the primitive peoples.CPopular magazines such as National Geographic should show pictures of the exotic and idealized worlds to maintain high sales.DAnthropologists ask the natives to pose for their pictures,compromising the truthfulness of their pictures. can infer f

11、rom the passage that early travelers to the native lands often_.Atook pictures with the nativesBgave exaggerated accounts of the native landsCask for pictures from the nativesDgave the natives clocks and Western dresses author mentions the movie Lawrence of Arabia to_.Ashow how people in the indigen

12、ous societies are portrayed by Westerners.Billustrate how people from primitive societies see cameras as tools of black magic that steal their virtues.Cshow how anthropologists portray untruthful pictures of native people.Dshow the cruel and barbarian side of the native people.4.“But in some ways,an

13、thropological photographs reveal more about the culture that holds the camera than the one that stares back.”In this sentence,the“oneculturethat stares back”refers to_.Athe indigenous cultureBthe Western cultureCthe academic cultureDthe news business culture which of the following statements would C

14、atherine Lutz most probably agree?AReporters from the Western societies should routinely delete modern elements in pictures taken of the indigenous societies.BThe primitive cultures are inferior to the more advanced Western culture.CThe western media are not presenting a realistic picture of the far

15、away societies.DPeople in the Western news business should try not to challenge the well-established white middle-class values.答案: A B B A CPassage 2The British Medical Journal recently featured a strong response to what was judged an inappropriately lenient reaction by a medical school to a student

16、 cheating in an we have insufficient reliable data about the extent of this phenomenon,its prevention,or its effective management,much can be concluded and acted upon on the basis of common sense and concepts with face validity.There is general agreement that there should be zero tolerance of cheati

17、ng in a profession based on trust and one on which human lives is reasonable to assume that cheaters in medical school will be more likely than others to continue to act dishonestly with patients,colleagues,insurers,and government.The behaviours under question are multifactorial in are familial,reli

18、gious,and cultural values that are acquired long before medical example,countries,cultures,and subcultures exist where bribes and dishonest behaviour are almost a are secondary schools in which neither staff nor students tolerate cheating and others where cheating is rampant;there are homes which im

19、bue young people with high standards of ethical behaviour and others which leave ethical training to the harmful influence of television and the market place.Medical schools reflect society and cannot be expected to remedy all the ills of a selection process of medical students might be expected to

20、favour candidates with integrity and positive ethical behaviourif one had a reliable method for detecting such characteristics in schools should be the major focus of attention for imbuing future doctors with integrity and ethical there are troubling,if inconclusive,data that suggest that during med

21、ical school the ethical behaviour of medical students does not necessarily improve;indeed,moral development may actually stop or even regress.The creation of a pervasive institutional culture of integrity is is critical that the academic and clinical leaders of the institution set a personal example

22、 of schools must make their institutional position and their expectations of students absolutely clear from day development of a school's culture of integrity requires a partnership with the students in which they play an active role in its creation and ,the school's examination system and g

23、eneral treatment of students must be perceived as ,the treatment of infractions must be firm,fair,transparent,and consistent. does the author say about cheating in medical schools?AExtensive research has been done about this phenomenon.BWe have sufficient data to prove that prevention is feasible.CW

24、e are safe to conclude that this phenomenon exists on a grand scale.DReliable data about the extent,prevention and management of the phenomenon is lacking. to the author,it is important to prevent cheating in medical schools because_.AThe medical profession is based on trust.BThere is zero tolerance

25、 of cheating in medicine.CThe medical profession depends on the government.DCheating exists extensively in medical schools. does the author say about the cause(s)of cheating?AFamily,culture and society play an active part.BBad school environment is the leading cause of student cheating.CParents are

26、always to blame for their childrens cheating behaviour.DCheating exists primarily because students learn bad things from TV. to the author,what precautions should medical schools take to prevent students from cheating?AMedical schools should establish a firm moral standard to weed out applicants wit

27、h low integrity.BMedical schools should make efforts to remedy the ills of a society.CMedical schools should teach future doctors integrity and ethical values.DThere is nothing medical schools can do to improve the ethical behaviour of their students. author will probably agree with which of the fol

28、lowing statements?AMedical schools should make exams easier for the students to alleviate the fierce competition.BProminent figures in the medical institution should create a set of moral standards to be applied in medical schools.CMedical students should play an active role in the creation and pres

29、ervation of a culture of integrity.DThose students who cheat in the exams should be instantly expelled from school.答案: D A A C CPassage 3A big focus of the criticism of computer games has concerned the content of the games being the narratives of the games are analyzed they can be seen to fall into

30、some genres. The two genres most popular with the children I interviewed werePlatformers andBeat-them-ups. Platform games such as Sonic and Super Mario involve leaping from platform to platform,avoiding obstacles,moving on through the levels,and progressing through the different stages of the are th

31、e games which have caused concern over their violent games involve fights between animated many ways this violence can be compared to violence within children s cartoons where a character is hit over the head or falls of a cliff but walks away unscathed.Controversy has occurred in part because of th

32、e intensity of the game play,which is said to spill over into children s everyday are worries that children are becoming more violent and aggressive after prolonged exposure to these computer games involves feelings of intense frustration and anger which often expresses itself in aggressiveyells at

33、the is not only theBeat-them-up games which produce this aggression;platform games are just as frustrating when the characters lose all theirlives anddie just before the end of the level is gaming relies upon intense concentration on the moving images on the screen and demands great hand-to-eye the

34、player loses and the wordsGame over appear on the screen,there is annoyance and frustration at being beaten by the computer and at having made an anger and aggression could perhaps be compared to the aggression felt when playing football and you take your eye off the ball and enable the opposition t

35、o annoyance experienced when defeated at a computer game is what makes gamingaddictive:the player is determined not to make the same mistake again and to haveone last go in the hope of doing better next time.Some of the concern over the violence of computer games has been about children who are unab

36、le to tell the difference between fiction and reality and who act out the violent moves of the games in fight on the problem with video games is that they involve children more than television or films and this means there are more implications for their social these games can lead to anti-social be

37、havior,make children aggressive and affect their emotional stability. is the topic of this article?AHow does playing computer games affect the level of violence in childrenBThere is no difference between Platform games andBeat-Them-Ups.CHow to control anger while playing computer gamesDHow to make c

38、hildren spend less time on computer games of the following games is supposed to contain violent content?ASonicBSuper MarioCPlatformerDBeat-Them-Up does unscathed(Paragraph 1,Last line)probably mean?AunsettledBunbeatenCunharmedDunhappy to the second paragraph,how does violence relate to playing compu

39、ter games?AWhen losing computer games children tend to experience frustration and anger.BBeat-Them-Ups are more popular with children therefore more likely to produce violent behavior.CPeople who have good hand-eye-coordination tend to be more violent than others.DThe violent content in the games ge

40、ts children addicted to the games. to the author,why do video games lead to violence more than TV or movies?ABecause children cannot tell fiction from reality.BBecause children like to act out the scenes in the games on the playground.CBecause computer games involve children more than TV or films.DB

41、ecause computer games can produce more anti-social behavior.答案: A D C A CPassage 4In Brazil,the debate over genetically modified organisms,or GMOs, affects mostly soybean is the world's second largest producer of soybeans behind the United States and ahead of European and Asian retailers want to

42、 remain GM free.Non-governmental organizations(NGOs) in Brazil are going on a media offensive to prevent the legalization of genetically modified and consumer groups for years have been able to thwart government and companies' attempts to legalize altered radio dramas that are being broadcast in

43、 remote regions,Brazilian NGOs are telling soy farmers the use of genetically modified seeds could endanger their health,their fields and their are not saying that genetic engineering is,in principle,something bad;we say that we need more science to be sure that it will work in an appropriate way wi

44、th no harm in the future,said campaign coordinator Jean-Marc von der is both for health and environmental other question is on we think is that in Brazil,if we approve the GMOs,we will lose a spectacular advantage that we have are selling more to the international market,mostly for Europe and Asia,t

45、han we have done in our history,because we are not GMO contaminated.Another opposition group,Action Aid,has been organizing grass-roots support in Brazilian farming regions to rouse consumer sentiment against Aid public policy director Adriano Campolina says he is fighting for farmers to remain the

46、small-scale farmer or a big farmer starts using this kind of seed,this farmer will be completely dependent on the transnationals,which control intellectual property rights over these seeds,he said.Brazilian scientist Crodowaldo Pavan said there should be checks on what multinationals can do,but that

47、 doesn't mean GM seeds should be says fears over their usage are the official ban, Dr. Pavan says up to one third of Brazil's soy crop is genetically modified,because GM seed is being smuggled from 's government has invested heavily in a GM project by the . biotech company,Monsanto,but t

48、he project was put on ice following a successful court challenge by consumers.The anti-GMO groups are hoping the politicians preoccupation with the October presidential election will give them time to gather enough support to defeat any future attempts to legalize genetically altered crops. to the p

49、assage,the issue in dispute in Brazil is_.Acontamination of the environment by genetically modified crops.BBrazils standing in the international marketCthe October presidential electionDthe legalization of genetically modified organisms to the passage,Brazil is the worlds_soybean producer.AlargestBs

50、econd largestCthird largestDfourth largest of the following statements is NOT true about NGOs in Brazil?AThey believe genetically modified crops will harm the farmers health.BThey believe genetic engineering is altogether a bad practice.CThey believe scientific methods should be introduced to ensure

51、 GM brings no harm.DThey believe GMOs will harm Brazil economically. of the following statements is true about the organization called Action Aid?AThey encourage the farmers to produce genetically modified products.BThey encourage the farmers to depend on themselves for seeds.CThey strongly support

52、the legalization of genetically modified products.DThey encourage the farmers to upgrade their farms to bigger ones. does the Brazilian scientist Crodowaldo Pavan say about genetically modified products?AGenetically modified seeds should be banned.BBrazil government should crack down on the smugglin

53、g of genetically modified seeds.CThe fear over the use of genetically modified seeds is uncalled for.DConsumers should file more law suits to protect their rights.答案: D B B B CPassage 5The Guidford Four,freed last week after spending 15 years in prison for crimes they did not commit,would almost cer

54、tainly have been executed for the pub bombing they were convicted had the death penalty been in force at the time of their may now be a decent interval before the pro-hanging lobby,which has the support of the Prime Minister,makes another attempt to reintroduce the noose.Reflections along these line

55、s were about the only kind of consolation to be derived from this gross miscarriage of justice which is now to be the subject of a judicial(司法的) the meantime,defense lawyers are demanding compensation and have in mind about half a million pounds for each of their clients.The first three to be Conlon

56、, Armstrong and Richardson-left prison with the 34 pounds which is given to all departing fourth, Hill,was not released immediately but taken to Belfast,where he lodged an appeal against his conviction for the murder of a former British this conviction,too,was based on the now discredited statements

57、 allegedly made to the Survey police,he was immediately let out on bail(保釋).But he left empty-handed.The immediate reaction to the scandal was renewed demand for the re-examination of the case against the Birmingham Six, who are serving life sentences for pub bombings in that city. Thus far the Home

58、 secretary, Mr. Douglas Hurd, is insisting that the two cases are not comparable; that what is now known about the Guilford investigation has no relevance to what happened in Birmingham.Mr. Hurd is right to the extent that there was a small-though flimsy and hotly-contested-amount of crime evidence in the Birmingham disturbing similarity is that the Birmingh