1、動詞不定式課件Infinitive 動詞不定式動詞不定式知識梳理形式主動式被動式與謂語動作的關系一般式to doto be done動作發生在謂語動作之后進行式to be doing/與謂語動作同時發生完成式to have doneto have been done動作發生在謂語動作之前Pick out the infinitives in the sentences and tell their functions. He pretended to be reading attentively when I came in. It is of great help for us to lea

2、rn English well.I didnt expect Mary to invite me to her birthday party.She listens to news every day so as to find out whats going on.The car to be bought is for his sisters.The important thing in life is to have a great aim, and the determination to attain it.( 賓語）賓語）( 主語）主語）( 賓補）賓補）( 狀語）狀語）( 定語）定語

3、）( 表語）表語）不定式可作主、賓、表、定、狀、補語。起名詞，形容詞不定式可作主、賓、表、定、狀、補語。起名詞，形容詞和副詞的作用。和副詞的作用。歸歸納納不定式不定式不定式在句中的作用 It is necessary to tell him the truth. To tell him the truth is necessary.練習1. 再次見到你真高興。再次見到你真高興。 Its nice/good / a great pleasure to see you again.2. 他們那樣做是不明智的。他們那樣做是不明智的。 It is unwise_. It is + n/ adj. (

4、for/of sb.) to doTo give up smoking is right.It is right to give up smoking.不定式的用法of them to do like that不定式在句中的作用 2. I need to attend the meeting. 練習他們決定周末去野餐。They have _at the weekend.She wants to see the new movie. decide,/determine, learn, want, expect/ hope/wish, refuse, manage, care, pretend,

5、offer, promise, choose, plan, agree, ask/beg, help/ afford, strive, happen, wait, threaten他拒絕借給我自行車。They _me his bike.不定式的用法decided to have a picnicrefused to lendV+ to do (5+3P60)決心學會想希望決心學會想希望, ,拒絕設法愿假裝拒絕設法愿假裝. . 學會答應選計劃學會答應選計劃, ,同意請求幫一幫同意請求幫一幫. 不定式在句中的作用3. Have you got any questions to ask? I hav

6、e no chair to sit on.練習沒什么可擔心的。There is nothing to worry about.定語 Betty是第一個知道真相的人. Betty was the first to know the truth.不定式的用法修飾抽象名詞如：修飾抽象名詞如：ability, answer, reply, chance, excuse, idea, moment, reason, time , promise, attempt, way 等等+to do(5+3P61)我沒機會外出觀光。I have no chance to go sightseeing.不定式在句中

7、的作用4. The best way to learn English is to make friends with a native speaker.練習我的目標是考入北大。她的夢想是當一名設計師。My goal is_.Her dream is _.不定式的用法to be admitted to Beijing Universityto become a designer不定式在句中的作用5. I didnt expect Mary to invite me to her birthday party.練習你可以讓你姐姐幫你一下。You can ask your sister to he

8、lp you .我總是勸他戒煙。I always advise him to give up smoking.advise, allow, ask, beg, encourage, expect, forbid, force, get, invite, order, persuade, permit, prefer, tell, want, warn, wish, would like sb. to do (5+3P62)不定式的用法注意注意有些動詞后面的不定式不帶有些動詞后面的不定式不帶to，如，如feel（一感）（一感）hear,listen to（二聽）（二聽）make, have, l

9、et（三讓）（三讓） see, watch, notice, observe（四看）（四看）.I heard them sing a pop song .The teacher made me answer the question.We watched them play football .不定式的用法 - Can I have the document right now? - Of course. Wait a minute and Ill have my secretary _ it for you. A. to print B. printing C. printed D. pri

10、nt2. We tried hard , and eventually, we were able to get Mike _ us his car for just a day. A. lending B. lend C. to lend D. lent Practice不定式在句中的作用練習 我匆忙趕到汽車站，只是發現汽車剛剛離開。Hes gone to the office to ask questions.I hurried to the bus stop, only to find the bus had just left.6. She listens to the news ev

11、ery day so as to find out what s going on.7. I was disappointed to hear the news.他去辦公室問問題去了。不定式的用法動詞不定式的時態動詞不定式的時態1. I opened the door to enter the room. 2. Mr. Smith is going to attend the meeting to be held tomorrow. . 一般式一般式( to do ).( to do ).所表示的動作或狀所表示的動作或狀態態 與謂語動詞同與謂語動詞同時或之后發生。時或之后發生。不定式的用法.進

12、行式進行式( to be doing)1. I am very glad to be working with you.2. He is said to be studying abroad.不定式所表示的動不定式所表示的動作與謂語動作同時作與謂語動作同時進行。進行。動詞不定式的時態動詞不定式的時態不定式的用法動詞不定式的時態動詞不定式的時態.完成式（完成式（to have done)1. I am sorry to have kept you waiting so long.2. You seemed to have read the novel written by Mr. Smith.不

13、定式動作發不定式動作發生在謂語動詞生在謂語動詞之前。之前。不定式的用法動詞不定式的語態動詞不定式的語態Nearly half a million people are believed _ their homes as a result of the disaster.To leave B. to be leftC. To be leaving D. to have left2. An army spokesman stressed that all the soldiers had ordered _ clear warnings before firing any shots. (2003

14、 上海上海)to have issued B. being issuedC. to issue D. to be issued不定式的使用動詞不定式的語態動詞不定式的語態.主動式主動式( to do / to be doing /to have done) We want to learn English well. He is the first student to have got the prize. We didnt expect you to be waiting for us here. She wished to have been reading as much as the

15、 others.當不定式邏輯上的主語是不定式所表示的當不定式邏輯上的主語是不定式所表示的動作的執行者或發出者時動作的執行者或發出者時. .不定式的使用(二二)被動式被動式to be done/to have been done1. He claimed _in the supper market when he was doing shopping yesterday.（上海（上海98） being badly treated B. treating badly C. to be treated badly D. to have been badly treated.2. The transp

16、ortation will improve a lot in this city, with two new roads _ in the near future. A. to construct B. being constructed C. to be constructed D. constructing不定式的用法當不定式邏輯上的主語是不定式所表示的當不定式邏輯上的主語是不定式所表示的動作的承受者時動作的承受者時.不定式的其他用法1. 和疑問詞連用It is useful to know how to drive.To know how to drive is useful.你決定穿什

17、么參加去參加面試了嗎？你決定穿什么參加去參加面試了嗎？Have you decided what to wear to the interview?沒人告訴我在哪買票。沒人告訴我在哪買票。Nobody told me where to buy the ticket.decide, discuss, explain, find out, learn, show, teach, tell, wonder whether/what/who/how/where/when to do其他用法2. 和否定詞連用不定式的其他用法We turned down the music in order not to

18、disturb the neighbors.not to do1. 媽媽讓他不要花太多的時間玩電腦游戲。媽媽讓他不要花太多的時間玩電腦游戲。Mother told him not to spend too much time on PC games.2. 他假裝沒看見我。他假裝沒看見我。She pretended not to see me.其他用法1. 不定式的完成和進行式1. 給你添了這么多麻煩，真對不起。給你添了這么多麻煩，真對不起。Im sorry to have brought you so much trouble.2.我們沒想到你已經請了他。我們沒想到你已經請了他。We dont

19、 expect you to have invited her.3.據報道他們正在這個地區修建另外一條鐵路。據報道他們正在這個地區修建另外一條鐵路。They are reported to be building another railway across the region. 4.我們很高興這一段時間和你一起學習。我們很高興這一段時間和你一起學習。We are happy to have been studying together with you.練習鞏固不定式的其他用法2. 不定式的被動形式1. 我被邀請到這里講學，深感榮幸。我被邀請到這里講學，深感榮幸。It is an hono

20、ur for me to be asked to give a lecture here.2. 這個問題還有待解決。這個問題還有待解決。The problem remains to be solved.3. 每年有很多畢業生要求被派到最需要的地方工作。每年有很多畢業生要求被派到最需要的地方工作。A lot of graduates ask to be sent to work where they are most needed every year. 4. 據報道，又有一所小學已經在汶川建成。據報道，又有一所小學已經在汶川建成。Another primary school is report

21、ed to have been built for Children in Wenchuan.練習鞏固3.3.不定式在一些特殊句型中的運用：不定式在一些特殊句型中的運用：tooto (Textbook P 59. Ex. 4 )enough to (P 59. Ex. 5 )It is adj. for sb. to It is adj. of sb. toSb./Sth. is said/ reported to 難點突破4.動詞不定式不帶to的特殊情況：(1)在介詞在介詞but, except, besides ,than 前若有實義動詞前若有實義動詞do時：時：What do you l

22、ike to do besides swim?He could do nothing except/but wait.He did nothing else than laugh.I could hardly do less than lie in bed.I did no more than finish the work.難點突破(2) 表示表示“只好只好, ,不得不不得不” 的的but but 之后之后：(cant /could not but, cant / could not help but , cant choose but)1)Its raining hard. I cant

23、help but stay at home.2)We could not but face the reality.3)I cant choose but finish the work.4.動詞不定式不帶to的特殊情況：難點突破Homework我沒想到瑪麗會邀請我參加她的生日晚會。我沒想到瑪麗會邀請我參加她的生日晚會。你能告訴我如何到機場嗎？你能告訴我如何到機場嗎？那個書架太高了，我夠不到。那個書架太高了，我夠不到。你會參加今天下午的會議嗎？你會參加今天下午的會議嗎？我今天早晨五點起床以便不錯過第一趟車。我今天早晨五點起床以便不錯過第一趟車。他不是一個容易相處的人。他不是一個容易相處的人。你

24、真好幫我復習英語。你真好幫我復習英語。對不起讓你久等了。對不起讓你久等了。HomeworkI didnt expect Mary to invite me to her birthday party. Can you tell me how to get to the airport? The bookshelf is too high for me to reach.Are you going to attend the meeting to be held this afternoon?I got up at six oclock this morning in order not to

25、miss the first bus.A person like him is difficult to deal with. Its very kind of you to help me with my English.Im sorry to have kept you waiting for a long time.不定式的常用句型tooto P 59-4enough to 2. This tea is too hot for me to drink.3. The bench isnt wide enough for 3 people to sit on.4. The fence was

26、 too high for us to climb over.5. The blanket isnt warm enough for me to use in winter.6. The cupboard was too heavy for James to move.It is adj. for sb. to 不定式的常用句型P 59-52. It is necessary for Mary to go to the doctor.3. It was disappointing for us to find the cinema closed.4. It was interesting fo

27、r him to read the book.不定式的常用句型比較：It is adj. of sb. to1. Its very kind of you to help me.2. Its polite of her to say thank you.3. Its rude of him to get into the office without knocking the door. The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier _ it more difficult. A. not make B. not to make C

28、. not making D. do not make 2. Ive worked with children before, so I know what _ in my new job. A. expected B. to expect C. to be expecting D. expectsPractice3. Charles Babbage is generally considered _the first computer. to invent B. inventing C. to have invented C. having invented4. Allen had to call a taxi because the box was _ to carry all the way home. much too heavy B. too much heavy C. heavy too much D. too heavy much5. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him _.