1、.課時內容精講Unit 1anyone的用法Did you go with anyone?你和某個人一起去的嗎?P21.anyone是指人的復合不定代詞,在句中可作主語或賓語,一般用在否認句或疑問句中。當它被形容詞修飾時,形容詞要位于其后。2.someone也是由-one構成的復合不定代詞,someone意為“某人;有人,通常用在肯定句中。例如:I dont know how to solve the problem.You can ask someone else for help.我不知道怎樣解決這個問題。你可以向別人求助。anywhere的用法Oh,did you go anywhere

2、 interesting?喔,你去了有趣的地方了嗎?P2anywhere是由any和where構成的復合不定副詞,通常用在否認句或疑問句中。當形容詞修飾anywhere時,形容詞要位于其后。由-where構成的不定副詞somewhere 在某處anywhere 在任何地方nowhere 任何地方都不everywhere 到處;處處例如:I left my book somewhere near here.我把我的書落在附近某處了。few的用法We took quite a few photos there.我們在那里拍了很多照片。P2few作形容詞時,用來修飾可數名詞,此時few作定語;few

3、作代詞時,可以作主語或賓語。辨析few,a few,little與a little詞條意義用法few很少;幾乎沒有表示否認意義,修飾可數名詞復數。a few幾個;一些表示肯定意義,修飾可數名詞復數。little很少;幾乎沒有表示否認意義,修飾不可數名詞。a little一點;一些表示肯定意義,修飾不可數名詞。例如:Tom has little money,but few students want to help him.湯姆幾乎沒有錢了,但是幾乎沒有學生想幫助他。something的用法Yes,I bought something for my father.是的,我給我爸爸買了一些東西。P

4、3something是由some和thing構成的復合不定代詞,通常用在肯定句中。當形容詞修飾something,anything等復合不定代詞時,形容詞要位于其后。辨析something,anything,nothing與everythingsomething表示“某事;某物,通常用在肯定句中,還可以用在表示懇求或期望得到肯定答復的疑問句中。anything表示“任何事;任何物,通常用在否認句或疑問句中,還可以用在條件狀語從句中。nothing表示“沒有什么,是否認詞,相當于“not.anything。everything表示“每件事;所有事;一切。注意:當something,anythin

5、g,nothing,everything作主語時,謂語動詞常用第三人稱單數形式。例如:If something happens to you,Ill come to help you at once.假設你發生了什么事,我會立即來幫助你。yourself的用法Why didnt you buy anyhing for yourself? 為什么不給你自己買點東西?P31.yourself是反身代詞,其本身不能單獨作主語。2.常見的反身代詞:第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱單數myself我自己yourself你自己himself/herself/itself他/她/它自己復數ourselves我們自己

6、yourselves你們自己themselves他/她/它們自己seem的用法Still no one seemed to be bored.似乎仍然沒有人感到無聊。P31.seem可用作系動詞和不及物動詞,意為“好似,似乎,看起來,后接形容詞作表語。例如:You seem very happy today.你今天好似很開心。2.seem后還可接名詞、不定式和從句。常用句型:It seems/seemed that.。例如:He seems a nice man.他好似是個不錯的人。I seem to have left my book at home.我好似把書落在家里了。It seems

7、that they know what they are doing.他們好似知道自己在做什么。辨析seem與look1seem作系動詞,意為“好似,似乎,后面通常接形容詞、名詞、動詞不定式和從句;look作系動詞,意為“看起來好似,似乎,后面通常接形容詞、名詞。例如:She seems to be honest.她似乎很老實。He doesnt look his age.他看起來沒有實際年齡那么大。2seem側重于根據某種跡象做出的判斷,不一定是真相;look側重于視覺感受。例如:He seems to know everything.他似乎什么都懂。He looked blue today

8、.他今天看上去很憂郁。3seem和look都可以和介詞like連用。例如:It seemed like a good idea at the time.當時那個主意好似不錯。That book looks like an interesting book.那本書看上去有趣。difference的用法What a difference a day makes! 一天的差異是多么大呀!P5difference可以作可數名詞,也可以作不可數名詞。make a differenceto.表示“對產生影響;對起作用。同根詞different adj.不同的;有區別的differently adv.不同地

9、;有區別地difference n.差異;區別例如:Their hobbies are different from mine.他們的愛好與我的不同。enough的用法My father didnt bring enough money,so we.我的爸爸沒有帶足夠的錢,所以我們P5enough作形容詞時,既可修飾可數名詞,又可修飾不可數名詞,一般位于名詞之前;enough作副詞,修飾形容詞或副詞時,位于形容詞或副詞之后。Unit 2hardly的用法He hardly ever watches TV.他從來不看電視。P111.hardly為頻度副詞,意為“幾乎不,表示否認意義,常與ever

10、構成短語hardly ever,意為“幾乎不。2.常見的頻度副詞:頻度副詞含義同義表達always一直;總是all the timeusually通常/often經常/sometimes有時;不時at times/from time to timehardly ever幾乎不;幾乎沒有seldomnever從不;從沒有/例如:He is always active in class.他在課堂上總是很活潑。Mike usually uses his phone to take photos.邁克通常使用他的手機來拍照。maybe的用法I go to the movies maybe once a

11、 month.我大概一個月去看一次電影。P11maybe為副詞,常用于句首,作狀語。辨析maybe 與may be詞條意義及用法例句maybe為副詞,意為“也許,同義詞是perhaps,常用于句首,作狀語。Maybe you are an English teacher.也許你是一位英語老師。may be意為“也許是,為“情態動詞+be動詞構造,在句中作謂語。You may be an English teacher.你也許是一位英語老師。She may be in Class Five.她也許在五班。stay up的用法How often do they stay up late? 他們多久

12、熬一次夜?P11stay up是“動詞+副詞構成的短語,意為“熬夜。與up相關的短語bring up撫養set up成立wake up吵醒give up放棄look up查閱grow up長大put up搭起;張貼turn up開大;調高through的用法.but we think the best way to relax is through exercise.但是我們認為最好的放松方法就是鍛煉。P13through意為“憑借,通過方法或手段時,其后常接名詞或動名詞。辨析through與across1.兩詞均為介詞,意為“穿過。2.through指從空間內部穿過。3.across指從物體

13、外表穿過。例如:The River Thames flows through London.泰晤士河流經倫敦。We walked across the street.我們步行穿過了街道。Unit 3quietly的用法Tina likes staying at home quietly.蒂娜喜歡安靜地待在家。P171.quietly是quiet的副詞形式,quiet是形容詞,意為“輕聲的;輕柔的;安靜的。2.-ly可以位于形容詞之后,助其構成副詞。符合該構詞法的部分單詞如下:形容詞副詞quick快速的quickly快速地slow緩慢的slowly緩慢地clear明晰的clearly明晰地sad

14、難過的sadly難過地happy快樂的happily快樂地careful認真的carefully認真地win的用法Well,everyone wants to win.對啊,每個人都想贏。P18win意為“獲勝,贏,其過去式是won。辨析win與beatwin表示“贏得,通常和match,competition,game,medal,prize等詞搭配。beat表示“打敗,通常和表示人、球隊、對手等的詞搭配。例如:He came first and won the race.他跑在最前面,贏得了這場比賽。They beat our team in the football match.在那場足

15、球比賽中,他們打敗了我們隊。care的用法 I dont really care if my friends are the same as me or different.我真的不在乎我的朋友與我一樣還是不同。 P211.care作動詞時,意為“在意;關心,后跟賓語時,一般加介詞about。care還可以作名詞,意為“小心;照顧。2.care的同根詞:詞條詞性含義carefuladj.仔細的;小心的carefullyadv.仔細地;小心地carelessadj.粗心的;馬虎的carelesslyadv.粗心地;馬虎地reach的用法A true friend reaches for your

16、 hand and touches your heart.一個真正的朋友是在你需要時給你幫助,使你感動。 P211.reach作不及物動詞,表示“伸手去夠某物時,其后常跟介詞for。2.reach表示“到達;抵達時,和get to,arrive at/in同義。注意:此時reach是及物動詞;get和arrive是不及物動詞,其后接賓語時,須加相應的介詞,即arrive in/at和get to。in fact的用法In fact,shes funnier than anyone I know.事實上,她比我認識的任何人都更有意思。P21in fact是固定搭配,其中fact是名詞,意為“事實

17、;實情。相當于rmation的用法Call the English Study Center at 443-5667 for more information.欲知更多信息,撥打英語學習中心 443-5667。P24information為不可數名詞,表示“一條信息用a piece of information,表示“兩條信息用two pieces of information。Unit 4close的用法Its the closest to home.它離家最近。P251.close作形容詞時,不僅可以表示“在空間、時間上接近,還可以表示關系很親密。2.close還

18、有如下詞性和含義:adv.接近地They live quite close.他們住得很近。v.關閉;關上Please close the door and the windows.請把門和窗戶關上。v.不營業;不開放The shops usually close at 5:30.那些商店通常5:30停頓營業。close的延伸close adj.關閉的;不營業的be close to 靠近;接近close down 關閉;倒閉例如:The museum is closed to visitors on Sundays.這家博物館星期日對游客不開放。The company decided to c

19、lose down its three branches in Europe.該公司決定關閉它在歐洲的三個分公司。worse的用法Its worse than Blue Moon.它比“藍月亮要更差。P271.worst表示“最差的;最壞的;最糟的時,它是形容詞bad的最高級;worst表示“最差;最壞;最糟時,它是副詞badly的最高級。2.bad和badly的比較級是worse。worse作形容詞時,意為“更差的;更壞的;更糟的;作副詞時,意為“更差;更壞;更糟。例如:He is behaving worse than ever.I decided to talk with him and

20、 asked him to behave well.他表現得更差了,我決定和他談談,要他表現好點兒。service的用法It has the worst service.它的效勞最差。P271.service是不可數名詞,意為“效勞。2.serve是動詞,意為“效勞;接待。例如:Its the shop assistants job to serve the customers.為顧客效勞是售貨員的職責。I waited ten minutes in the shop before I was served.在店里等了非常鐘才有人來招待我。creative的用法She should do so

21、mething more creative.她應該做一些更有創造力的事。P281.creative的動詞形式為create,其名詞形式為creativity。例如:Shakespeare created many comic characters.莎士比亞創作了很多喜劇人物。2.creative是由動詞create加-ive構成的形容詞,與它構造類似的詞還有active,意為“積極的。make up的用法Some think that the lives of the performers are made up.有些人認為那些表演者的身世都是被編造出來的。P291.make up表示“編造時

22、,賓語通常是story,lie,excuse等詞。2.make up還有如下含義:組成;形成Six women and nine men make up the group.六名女士和九名男士組成了這個團隊。打扮;化裝It took her more than an hour to make herself up.她花了一個多小時才打扮好。Unit 5news的用法Do you plan to watch the news tonight? 你打算今晚看新聞嗎?P341.news是不可數名詞,作主語時,謂語動詞要用單數形式。2.假設表示“一那么新聞,用a piece of news。例如:He

23、 reported a piece of news about a tornado.他報道了一那么關于龍卷風的新聞。educational的用法Sally thinks talk shows are more educational than sitcoms.薩莉認為脫口秀比情景劇更有教育意義。P34educational是多音節形容詞,其比較級及最高級形式是在其前加more和most。同根詞educate v.教育educator n.教育家education n.教育educational adj.教育的find out的用法Because I hope to find out whats

24、 going on around the world.因為我希望弄清世界各地正在發生的事。P35辨析find out,find與look for詞條含義find out指通過調查、研究等方式查明事情的真相。find意為“找到;發現,強調找的結果。look for強調尋找的過程。例如:Did they find out where the old man lived?他們查明那位老人住在哪里了嗎?Mr.Li looked for his lost keys everywhere.At last,he found them in the library.李老師到處找他喪失的鑰匙。最后,他在圖書館里

25、找到了。meaningless的用法I think soap opera is meaningless.我認為肥皂劇毫無意義。P361.名詞meaning意思+后綴-less無,沒有meaningless毫無意義的。2.名詞常加后綴-less構成表示否認含義的詞,如homeless“無家可歸的,careless“粗心的,不認真的,worthless“無價值的,speechless“無言的,說不出話的。successful的用法He became very rich and successful.他變得富有而且成功。P37successful是由success加后綴-ful構成的形容詞。同根詞s

26、uccess n.成功;成功的人/事successful adj.成功的successfully adv.成功地succeed v.成功take ones place的用法She dresses up like a boy and takes her fathers place to fight in the army.她打扮得像個男孩一樣并且代替她的父親在軍隊里打仗。P39take ones place意為“取代;代替,其中one為被取代者。該短語與take the place of sb.為同義表達。例如:No one can take Lucys place.=No one can ta

27、ke the place of Lucy.沒有人可以取代露西的位置。Unit 6grow up的用法What do you want to be when you grow up? 你長大想當什么?P41grow up的主語可以是人,也可以是水果或莊稼等。grow的過去式是grew,過去分詞是grown。practice的用法Im going to practice basketball every day.我打算每天練習打籃球。P411.practice作名詞時,意為“練習;訓練,通常是指經常反復的練習。例如:Playing the piano well needs more practic

28、e.要彈好鋼琴就需要多練習。2.practice作動詞時,后常接動名詞形式,即practice doing sth.“練習做某事。例如:She is practicing singing the new song.她正在練習唱這首新歌。cook的用法My cousin wants to be a cook.我的表弟想成為一名廚師。P43cook作名詞時,意為“廚師;作動詞時,意為“烹飪;煮,此時可以作及物動詞,也可以作不及物動詞。cooker是名詞,意為“廚具。例如:Im going to buy a gas cooker.我打算買一臺燃氣灶。violinist的用法This boy want

29、s to be a violinist.這個男孩想成為一名小提琴手。P42violinist是由violin加職業類名詞后綴-ist構成的。常見以-ist為后綴的詞artist n.藝術家scientist n.科學家pianist n.鋼琴家violinist n.小提琴手keep on的用法Well,Im going to keep on writing stories,of course.嗯,我當然打算繼續寫故事。P421.keep on意為“繼續,后接動詞-ing形式。例如:Prices keep on increasing.價格繼續上漲。2.常見的keep短語如下:keep up保持

30、;繼續;不低落;不落后keep up with趕得上;和保持聯絡keep in mind記住keep in touch保持聯絡keep out阻止進入keep away防范;不接近keep to oneself保守機密;不交際keep working繼續工作;永不停頓keep away from遠離;回避keep healthy保持安康promise的用法Most of the time,we make promises to other people.大多數時間,我們向其別人作出承諾。P451.promise作名詞時,意為“承諾;諾言;作動詞時,意為“許諾;承諾。2.和promise相關的常

31、用短語:make a promise許下諾言keep ones promise遵守諾言break ones promise違犯諾言,說話不算數promise sb.to do sth.容許某人做某事be able to的用法He was able to ride a horse when he was six years old.他六歲就會騎馬了。P45be able to后跟動詞原形,用于表示才能,有時可以和can進展同義轉換。辨析can與be able tocan只有如今時和過去時,即can和could。沒有人稱和數的變化。be able to根據句子需要可以用于任何時態,如was abl

32、e to,will be able to等。例如:She said she could play the piano.她說她會彈鋼琴。If we change our seats,you will be able to see the blackboard clearly.假如我們換座位,你就可以看清黑板。take up的用法Some people might say they are going to take up a hobby like.有些人也許會說他們打算開場一項愛好,比方P451.take up表示“開場做;學著做,尤其指做以前沒做過的事或作為消遣的方式。take up后面可跟名

33、詞或動名詞。2.take up還有“占用之意。例如:My mother asked me to move the table out of the room because it took up too much room.我媽媽要我把那張桌子搬出房間,因為它占用了太多空間。3.常見的take短語如下:take off起飛;脫掉take away拿走;帶走take out掏出;取出take down寫下;記下take place發生take turns按順序;輪流take part in參加take care of照顧discuss的用法Discuss the question with yo

34、ur partner.和你的同伴討論這個問題。P451.discuss為動詞,意為“討論;商量,構成短語discuss with sb.“與某人商量。2.discuss的常見用法:1discuss后面接“疑問詞+to do sth.作賓語。例如:We are discussing how to get to the airport.我們正在討論怎樣去機場。2discuss后面接賓語從句。例如:They discussed what they could do.他們商量了他們能做什么。Unit 7paper的用法Books will only be on computers,not on pap

35、er.書將只存在于電腦上,不會在紙上。P491.paper表示“紙;紙張時是不可數名詞,可以用a piece of paper 表示“一張紙。2.paper作名詞時還有“報紙和“試卷之意,此時是可數名詞,復數形式為papers。例如:Our teacher asked us to hand in our papers on time.老師讓我們按時上交試卷。future的用法Its a book about the future.這是一本關于將來的書。P50future作名詞,意為“將來,將來。辨析in the future與in futurein the future相當于in time y

36、et to come,意為“將來,一般指真正意義上的將來,常指包括in future在內的較遠的將來一段時間。in future相當于from now on,意為“今后,以后,一般指從如今開場到今后,常指離如今較近的一段將來時間。例如:Will there be more trees in the future?將來會有更多樹嗎?Youd better not go out alone in future.今后最好別單獨外出。pollution的用法There will be more pollution.會有更多的污染。P50pollution是由pollute加名詞后綴-tion構成的名詞

37、,意為“污染;污染物,是不可數名詞。例如:The environment pollution is worse and worse.We should take action.環境污染越來越嚴重。我們應該采取措施。dangerous的用法They help with the housework and do jobs like working in dirty or dangerous places.它們幫助做家務、在骯臟或危險的地方干活。P53dangerous由名詞danger加形容詞后綴-ous構成,意為“危險的。反義詞平安safety n.平安safe adj.平安的safely ad

38、v.平安地例如:Theres a lot of danger in rock climbing.攀巖中有許多危險。fall down的用法If buildings fall down with people inside,these snake robots can help look for people under the buildings.假如建筑物倒塌且里面有人,這些蛇形的機器人可以幫助尋找埋在建筑物下面的人。P53fall down表示“突然倒下;跌倒;倒塌。其中fall作動詞,過去式是fell,過去分詞是fallen。fall的短語fall asleep睡著fall off跌落;

39、從掉下來fall behind落后fall ill生病fall in love with.愛上Unit 8turn on的用法Turn on the blender.翻開攪拌機。P57turn on是由動詞和副詞構成的短語,當賓語是名詞時,該名詞賓語可以位于turn和on之間,也可以位于turn on之后;當賓語是代詞時,該代詞賓語只能位于中間。辨析open,close與turn on,turn offopen,closeopen表示“翻開,反義詞是close,意為“關閉,兩者通常和door,window,book或box等搭配。turn on,turn offturn on表示“翻開,反義短

40、語是turn off,意為“關閉,兩者通常和TV,light,computer等電器搭配,還可以和gas及water tap等搭配。pour的用法Pour the milk into the blender.把牛奶倒入攪拌機內。P57o.意為“把倒入;把灌入;pour.out意為“把倒出。finally的用法Finally,dont forget to add some salt.最后,不要忘了加一些鹽。P58finally由“形容詞final+后綴-ly構成,finally相當于in the end或at last。它也可以與first,next,then一起使用,來描繪做一

41、件事情的步驟。piece的用法First,put some butter on a piece of bread.首先,在一片面包上放點黃油。P60piece是可數名詞,可用“數詞+pieces+of+名詞構造表示某些不可數名詞的數量。piece的短語a piece of advice一條建議a piece of meat一塊肉a piece of music一首樂曲a piece of paper一張紙a piece of news一那么新聞a piece of information一條信息cover的用法When it is ready,place the turkey on a lar

42、ge plate and cover it with gravy.火雞熟后,把火雞放在一個大盤子上,澆上肉汁。P611.cover可以和介詞with搭配,cover sb./sth. with.意為“用把某人/某物蓋上,表示動作。2.be covered with.意為“被蓋著,表示狀態。例如:Snow covered the fields.積雪覆蓋了田野。Please cover the table with a white cloth.請在桌子上鋪一塊白色的桌布。Unit 9prepare的用法I have to prepare for an exam.我必須準備考試。P651.prepa

43、re可以作及物動詞,其后可以直接跟賓語,也可以作不及物動詞,prepare for.表示“為做準備。2.prepare for.和get/be ready for.是同義表達,都表示“為做準備。hang的用法Can you hang out with us on Monday night? 你周一晚上可以和我們一起出去逛逛嗎?P661.hang意為“懸掛;垂下時,過去式和過去分詞是hung。2.hang意為“絞死;吊死時,過去式和過去分詞是hanged。例如:He was hanged for murder.他因犯謀殺罪而被處以絞刑。3.hang常見的短語搭配:hang on別掛 ;稍等han

44、g out閑逛;常去某處accept的用法She received his present,but she didnt accept it.她收到了他的禮物,但是她沒有承受。P67辨析accept與receive兩詞都有“收到之意,但有所區別:receive通常指被動地“收到或“接到;而accept那么指主動地“承受。invitation的用法Make an invitation.發出邀請。P69invitation意為“邀請時是不可數名詞;意為“請柬,請帖時是可數名詞。invitation的常見搭配make an invitation 發出邀請accept an invitation 承受邀

45、請refuse/turn down an invitation 回絕邀請turn down的用法Can you tell me how to turn down an invitation? 你能告訴我如何回絕一個邀請嗎?P691.turn down表示“回絕時,和refuse是同義表達,turn down an invitation=refuse an invitation,表示“回絕邀請。2.turn down還有“調小;調低之意。例如:The TV is too noisy.Could you please turn it down?電視太吵了。請你把它的音量調低點好嗎?reply的用法Please reply in writing to this invitation by Friday,December 20th.請在12月20日星期五之前以書面的形式回復此邀請。P71reply是較正式的用語,可以作不及物動詞,與介詞to共同構成謂語,意為“答復,相當于answer。另外,reply作及物動詞時,后面接賓語從句。例如:The boy didnt reply to my question.這個男孩沒有答復我的問題。She replied that she was very happy when she knew