1、4 DealingwithunfamiliarwordsMatchthewordsintheboxwiththeirdefinitions.abletobeseen(visible)tothinkorguessthatsomethingissmaller,lessimportantetcthanitreallyis(underestimate)verybraveanddetermined(courageous)anurgent,difficultordangeroussituation(crisis)themostcommonorgreatestinnumberoramount(predomi

2、nant)newanddifferentinawaythatmightoffendorupsetsomepeople(daring)CompletetheparagraphwiththecorrectformofthewordsinActivity4.Atatimeofglobal(1)crisis,whenstockmarketsarefallingacrosstheworld,weshouldnever(2)underestimatetheabilityoffashiondesignerstosurpriseusbybringingsunshineintopeople'asnldi

3、vaevso,idingthe(3)predominanttrendofgloomandpessimism.ThisiscertainlytrueofthefashionindustryinBrazil.In2009,whentheeffectsofthefinancialsituationwere(4)visiblealmosteverywhere,topdesignerslauncheda(5)daringnewcollectioncombininghighhemlines,lownecklines,andlotsofcolor.5 Asonecommentatorwrote,“Youca

4、ncallita(6c)ourageousdecisionifyoulike,butit'salsoaquestionofBraziliansdoingwhatcomesnaturallytothem.”Replacetheunderlinedwordswiththecorrectformofthewordsinthebox.1 Ifwedon'tactsoon,thesituationwillgetworse(.deteriorate)I'mafraidmytrousersgottornwhenItriedtoclimboverthatfence.(ripped)Yo

5、uneedthickpiecesofmaterialonyourkneesandelbowsifyougorollerblading.(pads)Accesstotheshowislimitedtojournalistswithpresspasses.(restricted)TheDowJoneslistofstocksandsharesfellanother40pointsyesterday.(index)ThatwasthemostworryingpieceofnewsI'dheardinalongtime.2 (unsettling)Answerthequestionsabout

6、thewordsandexpressions.1 Isaubiquitousitemofclothingsomethingyoucanfind(a)everywhere,or(b)onlyinrestrictedcircles?2 Doesbustrefersto(a)economicgrowth,or(b)financialfailure?3 Ifafashionitemissoldexclusivelyinboutiques,canyoufindit(a)indepartmentstorestoo,or(b)innoothershopsapartfromboutiques?4 Isabac

7、klasha(a)strong,or(b)weakreactiontosomething?5 Doesaglamorouspersonlooks(a)attractive,or(b)unattractive?6 Ifyouarelavishwithyourmoney,doyou(a)spendmoneywithcare,or(b)spendmoneyverygenerously?7 Ifyoubleachapairofjeans,doyou(a)add,or(b)removeitscolour?8 Isawomanwhoisprimandproperismorelikelytowear(a)a

8、microminiskirt,or(b)aknee-lengthskirt?9 Ifamodelisskinny,isshe(a)verythin,or(b)overweight?3 Activereading(2)DealingwithunfamiliarwordsMatchthewordsintheboxwiththeirdefinitions.4 tobecomeortomakesomethingbecomeactive,successful,orpopularagain(revive)veryimpressiveorbeautiful(stunning)tohangsomethingf

9、romsomethingelse(suspend)aformalagreementtogetmarried(engagement)thewaythatthelevelofthesearegularlyrisesandfallsduringtheday(tide)tobeinchargeofsomethingortobeinapositionofpower(preside)theprocessofgettingridofsomething(disposal)verybright(luminous)Completethesentenceswiththecorrectformofthewordsin

10、Activity3.1 TocelebrateourengagementwehaddinnerinthebestrestaurantinParis.2 Thelampwassuspendedfromanironhookinthemiddleoftheceiling.3 Someoneneedstothinkaboutthedisposalofallthesewasteproducts.4 I'vebeenaskedtopresideatnextweek'smeetingoftherecyclingcommittee.5 Theluminousobjectonthetabletu

11、rnedouttobemadeofdiamond.Icouldspendhourshere,justwatchingtheseagullsflyingpastandthetidescominginandgoingout.6 Whenshewalkedintotherestaurantshewaswearinganabsolutelystunningdiamondnecklace.7 ThePresidentislikelytoproposeastimulusplanthathebelieveswillhelprevivetheUSeconomy.5 Replacetheunderlinedwo

12、rdswiththecorrectformofthefollowingwords.1 Ihadaperiodoftimeasavolunteerbeforegettingajobinthejewellerytrade.(stint)Youshouldn'tjustthrowthatrubbishintotheriver!(chuck)It'ssheerstupidandcarelessbehaviortogoonusinguptheearth'sresourcesaswearedoing.(negligence)Ilookedcarefullyatthehorizon,

13、butcouldntseeanyone'comingtowardsme.(scoured)Ithinktheaccidentwasduetothedriver'sla(cfoklloyf)care.2 Theremovalofmineralsfromtheearthisusuallyanexpensiveanddangeroustask.6 (extraction)Theredkiteisoneofthemostrarelyseenbirdsinthecountry.(elusive)Answerthequestionsaboutthewordsandexpressions.(

14、b) Ifsomeonesidlesuptoyou,aretheymoving(a)quicklyanddeterminedly,orslowlyandcasually?1 Isahardandfastrule(a)fixed,or(b)opentointerpretation?2 Ifsomeonehasgoodeco-credentials,dothey(a)carefortheenvironment,or(b)shownointerestinit?3 Ifsomethinghasamurkyreputation,isit(a)possiblydishonestormorallywrong

15、,or(b)preciousandhighlyrespected?4 Ifyouplayintothehandsofsomeone,doyou(a)approveofit,or(b)givethemanadvantage?5 Ifyoucondonesomeone'sbehaviour,doyou(a)approveofit,or(b)disapproveofit?6 Ifyoupounceontosomething,doyoumakea(a)quickmovementtogetholdofit,or(b)slowmovementtogetholdofit?1 Languageinus

16、ewordformation:-yWritetheadjectiveswhichdescribe:2 ajacketwithaflowerdesign(flowery)alabelthatsticksontosomething(sticky)asuitwhichhasratherahighprice(pricy)hairwhichshines(shiny)someonewhomakesalotoffuss(fussy)apersonalitywhichmakesyouthinkofsun(sunny)wordformation:over-Replacetheunderlinedwordswit

17、hverbsbeginningwithover-.Youmayneedtomakeotherchanges.1 Ithinkyouhavemadetoobiganestimateforthecostofthewedding.(overestimated)Theychargedmetoomuchmoneyforthatring!(overcharged)IslepttoomuchlastnightandmissedtheflighttoLondon.(overslept)Theflowersinhergardenhadgrowneverywhere.(overgrown)It'sdiff

18、iculttoemphasizetoogreatlytheimportanceofthefashionindustry.3 (overemphasize)I'vegotindigestion.I'veeatento(ovmeruecaht.en)seeRewritethesentencesusingsee.1 In1987therewasamajorstockmarketcrash.1987sawamajorstockmarketcrash.2 Theearly1980swasaperiodofsteadyeconomicgrowth.Theearly1980ssawaperi

19、odofsteadyeconomicgrowth.3 Longhairmadeabriefreturninthe1990s.The1990ssawabriefreturntolonghair.4 Onthefirstdayofthesalestherewerehundredsofpeoplequeuinginthestreets.Thefirstdayofthesalessawhundredsofpeoplequeuinginthestreets.5 Therewasgreattechnologicalchangeduringourgrandparents'generation.Our

20、grandparents'generationsawagretatechnologicalchange.4 turnouttobeRewritethesentencesusingturnouttobe.1 Ithoughttheringwasmadeofgold,butintheenditprovedtobesilver.1 thoughttheringwasmadeofgold,butitturnedouttobesilver.2 Shelookedlikemycousin,butshewasactuallyacompletestranger.Shelookedlikemycousi

21、n,butsheturnedouttobeacompletestranger.3 Thehouseneededalotofworkdoingonit,butitprovedtobeagoodinvestment.Thehouseneededalotofworkdoingonit,butitturnedouttobeagoodinvestment.4 Isawsmokerisingfromthebuilding,butitwasafalsealarm.Isawsmokerisingfromthebuilding,butitturnedouttobeafalsealarm.5 Ididn'

22、twanttomovetoEngland,butintheenditprovedtobeawisedecision.5 Ididn'twanttomovetoEngland,butitturnedouttobeawisedecision.collocationsReadtheexplanationsofthewords.Answerthequestions.1 hintAhintcanbesomethingyousaytoshowyourfeelingswithoutsayingdirectlywhattheyare,asmallamountofsomething,orapieceof

23、advice.(a) Ifsomeonehasahintofasmileontheirface,whatdoyousee?Youseejustasmallsignofasmilebutnotapropersmile.Whathelpfulhintswouldyougivesomeonestartingtheirownbusiness?I'dsuggestthattheyneedtohaveaclearfocusonwhatthebusinessisaboutandexactlyhowitwillwork,egthepersonshouldidentifyanicheinthemarke

24、tthatthenewbusinesscanfill.(b) Ifyoudropahintaboutwhatyouwouldlikeforyourbirthday,doyouaskforitdirectly?No,ofcoursenot!Youjustfindawaytojoininwithanormalconversationandsaysomethingaboutwhatyouwouldlike.2 rangeThiswordcanmeananumberofthingsofthesamegeneraltype,thedistanceorlimitsofsomething,ortomovef

25、reely.(a) Whatcanyoufindinashopwhichstocksawiderangeofproducts?Youcanfindproductsofallkinds,agoodvarietyofthem.(b) Whatwouldbethebestthingtodoifyouwerewithinrangeofsomeonewithagun?Runquicklyawayoutofrangeifthereistime;ifnot,takeshelter.(c) WhichisthebiggestmountainrangeinChina?Well,theHimalayasareth

26、ehighest,buttheTianShanorKunlunmountainrangesarelonger.(d) Whathavehenswhichlayfree-rangeeggsbeenabletodo?Theyhavebeenabletorunandwalkaroundfreely,comparedtohenswhicharekeptinsmallcagesorcontainers.3 reflectThiswordcanmeantobeasignofasituation,ortothinkcarefullyaboutsomething.(a) Whoseimageisreflect

27、edifyoulookinamirror?Yourownimageisreflectedbacktoyouwhenyoulookinamirror.(b) Doyoubelievethatthestateoftheeconomycanbereflectedintheheightofhemlines?Iwouldn'thavebelieveditbeforeIreadthepassage,butIbelieveitnow!(c) DoyoueverreflectonthemistakesyoumakeinEnglish?Yes,IdotrytoreflectonthembecauseIk

28、nowsuchreflectionisagoodwaytoimprovemyEnglish.4 riseThiswordcanmeananincreaseinnumber,amountorvalue,ortheachievementofsuccessorpower.(a) WhywasthereasharpriseinunemploymentintheWestinthe1930s?Thesharpriseinunemploymentwasduetothestockmarketcrashandthefinancialcrisis.(b) Whatdoyouknowabouttheriseandf

29、alloftheRomanEmpire?IknowthatoverseveralhundredyearstheRomanEmpireexpanded,butafteratimeitthendeclinedoveralongperiod.There'safamousbookTchaelledRiseandFalloftheRomanEmpire.(c) Doyouliveinahigh-riseblockofflats?IknowthatalotofpeopleincitiesinChinadoliveinlargeapartmentblockswhichhavemanyfloors,m

30、aybe15or20ormore,butIliveinaflatinamuchsmallerhouseofjustthreefloors.(d) Whatarethedifferentfactorswhichgiverisetonewfashions?Fashiondesignersproduceinnovationsandnewstyles.Therearechangesintheeconomicsituationsothatpeoplemayspendmoreorlessonclothes;alsonewmaterialsandcolorsbecomeavailable,andpeoplegetdifferentideasaboutwhattowea