1、BOOK 4 Unit 2 Working the land 詞匯練習重點單詞講解1.struggle vt. & vi.斗爭；拼搏；努力 struggle with與斗爭；和一起戰斗 struggle.for 為爭取而斗爭 struggle.against與斗爭；為反對而斗爭 struggle+不定式，如： A bird was caught in the net and was struggling to get free. 一只鳥被網罩住了，掙扎著想要逃脫。struggle to one s feet 掙扎著站起來 a life-and-death struggle生死搏斗 st

2、ruggle還可以作名詞，意思是“斗爭；搏斗；努力；掙扎；難事”等。如： With a struggle，he controlled his feelings. 他費力地控制住了自己的感情。2.expand vt. & vi.使變大；伸展；闡述 expand指向四面八方的擴大擴張 extend 強調向某一方向的延長 spread 指消息，疾病，瘟疫等的傳播、蔓延，也指把某物鋪開，把胳膊張開【練習】用expand，extend，spread，stretch的適當形式填空。 1). The man _ the information around. 2). The empire _ its

3、 country in the 16th century. 3). The road builders worked hard to _ the high way. Keys: 1). spread    2). expanded    3). extend    3.circulate vt. & vi. 循環；流傳 【例句】 Blood circulates through the body.血液在體內循環。 【考點】 1）形容詞：circular圓形的；循環的； 名詞：circulation

4、循環；流通；發行量； 2）circulation 作“（報紙、雜志等的）發行量”解時，是可數名詞。4.thanks tothanks to 幸虧；由于；因為 1). Thanks to your help, much trouble was saved. 多虧你的幫助, 減少了許多麻煩。 2). Thanks to the bad weather, the match had been cancelled. 多虧這個倒霉天氣, 比賽取消了。 thanks to 相當于because of /owing to /due to /thanks to /on account of /as a res

5、ult of 5.ridrid sb./sth. of. 使某人/某物擺脫  1). Many people are working hard to rid the world of famine. 很多人在努力使世界不再有饑荒。2). The dentist rid him of the pain by taking out his bad tooth. 牙科醫生把他的壞牙拔掉，使他免除痛苦。重點用法 rid 短語： be rid of 擺脫            

6、0;                     get rid of 擺脫；除掉；去掉 rid a house of mice 清除室內老鼠                  rid oneself of debt 還清債務 類似用

7、法動詞 inform/ warn/ cure sb. of 通知/警告/治愈某人 6.be satisfied withbe satisfied with = be content with 對表示滿足或滿意 1). I was not satisfied with the result. 我對那個結果感到不滿意。 2). Youve done well at school. Im very satisfied with you. 你在學校干得不錯，我對你很滿意。 重點用法 sth. satisfy sb. 某事使某人滿意      

8、         sb. is satisfied sth. 對表示滿足或滿意 be satisfied to do 對做感到滿意          be satisfied that clause 對做感到滿意 a satisfied smile 滿意的微笑              &

9、#160;          a satisfied customer 感到滿意的顧客 feel a sense of satisfaction感到滿足感   to sb s / sth s satisfaction 使某人滿意的是 far from satisfactory 遠遠不能令人滿足      it is satisfying (to do sth) 做某事是令人滿意的 a satisfactory explanation /

10、 performance令人滿意的解釋/演出 get/obtain satisfaction from one s work 從自己的工作中得到滿足7.would rather1). I d rather walk than take a bus. 我愿意走路而不愿意坐公共汽車。 2). “Some more wine?” “Thank you, I d rather not. I have to drive home.”重點用法 would rather do A (than do B) = would (prefer to) do A (rather than do B) 寧愿做甲事(而不

11、做乙事)                would rather sb. did sth.寧愿某人做某事 (從句用虛擬語氣)8.therefore adv.因此, 所以=for that reason=consequently常用于連接兩個并列分句，其前加“and”或分號“；”。1） He was ill, and therefore could not come. 他病了, 所以未能來。 2） He has broken his leg and ther

12、efore he can't walk.他摔壞了腿，因此不能走路了。 3） We do not have enough money. Therefore we cannot afford to buy the new car.我們的錢不夠,因此買不成這輛新車。9.equip vt. & vi.配備；裝備【考點聚焦】1）名詞：equipment n.u 裝備；設備常用搭配： office equipment 辦公設備 sports equipment 運動器械 2）與equip相關的詞組： equip with 配備3）equip的過去式和過去分詞都是equipped；現在分詞是

13、equipping。10.export vt. & vi.輸出；出口【例句】 China exports to many foreign countries. 中國向許多國家出口物資。 【考點聚焦】 1）反義詞:import export n. 作“輸出；出口”解時，是不可數名詞；作“出口物；出口量”解時，是可數名詞。11.occupation / job / work / employment / career / professionoccupation指一個人經常擔任的工作，不論是否領取工資。 job非正式用語，指一份固定的賺錢工作，不論是否需要技術和特殊訓練。 work多用來指

14、工作本身，平常我們每做一件事無論大小，都可以稱為work。 employment 指受雇于他人，領取工資謀生計，并且比較固定的工作。 career 指職業、事業；指某種經過特殊訓練而又為之獻身的終身事業，帶有崇高色彩。 profession 指那些必須受到特殊教育及訓練才可勝任，帶有專業性質的工作，多為創造性的腦力勞動。12.confuse vt. 使迷惑；使為難 【例句】 Her expression confused me.她的表情使我困惑。 【考點聚焦】 1）名詞：confusion n. 混亂；紊亂；混亂狀態 2）常用搭配：confuse with/and 混淆；把混同；辨別不清，如：

15、 Im always confusing John with/and Paul.我一直分不清約翰和保羅。 3）confused 和confusing的區別： 兩者都是形容詞。confused指“困惑的；迷惑不解的；被弄糊涂的”，表示人的內心感受；confusing“使人困惑的；令人迷惑的；使人混亂的”，表示事物的狀態。13.regretregret (regretted) vt. (對)遺憾；惋惜 n.c,u 遺憾；惋惜 典例 1). If you go now, you ll regret it. 假若你現在就走, 一定得後悔。 2). I regret to say the job has

16、 been filled. 十分抱歉, 那個工作已經有人做了。 重點用法 regret to say/tell/announce/inform 遺憾地說/告訴/宣布/通知   regret doing / having done sth. 后悔已做了某事             regret that 遺憾/后悔 to ones regret 令某人后悔的是練習 用括號內所提供詞的適當形式填空或翻譯。 1). I now regret _ (leave) schoo

17、l so young. 2). _ _ _ _(非常抱歉), I am unable to accept your invitation. 3). I regret _ (inform) you that your contract will not be renewed. Keys: 1). leaving / having done   2). Much to my regret/To my great regret   3). to inform 14.build up 逐漸建立；逐漸增強體質；開發 1). You need more protei

18、n to build you up. 你需要增加蛋白質以增強體質。 2). He is now trying to build up a fine reputation. 他正在努力逐步贏得好的聲譽。15.lead to* 用名詞作賓語：lead to sth. 導致某種事情，如： lead to further discussion 導出進一步討論； lead to disaster.導致災難； * 用動名詞作賓語 lead to doing sth. 導致做了某事，如： lead to discussing it again. 導致再次討論它 也可以用被動表示：lead to it'

19、;s/it being discussed again.導致他被討論。 * 用不定式的復合結構作賓語：lead sb. to do sth. 引導某人做某事，其中 sb. 是賓語，to do sth. 是補足語，如：The experiment led them to to have to believe in its correctness. 實驗使得他們不得不相信它的正確性。All roads lead to Rome. 條條大道通羅馬。 Too much work and too little rest often lead to illness. 過量的工作和過少的休息會引起疾病。 1

20、6.focus vt.&vi. 集中(注意力)；聚焦  n. c,u 焦點；中心點     1). Focus your camera. 把照相機的焦距調準。 2). Her beauty makes her the focus of attention. 她長得漂亮, 很惹人注目。 重點用法 focus on集中于         focus (one s attention/mind/efforts) on集中(注意力/心思/精力)于  17.reduc

21、e vt. 減少；縮減；簡化 【考點聚焦】 1）反義詞：increase；名詞：reduction減少（量）；削減（數）；降低（數） 2）reduce to 使變為（更小尺寸或更簡單形式）；使成為某種狀態； reduce by （以的比例、程度）減少。18.keep free from/ofkeep.free from/of = protect sb./sth. from. 使免受(影響/傷害)；使不含(有害物)       典例 1). We should keep ourselves free from drugs. 我們應該遠離

22、毒品。 2). I hope you will keep yourself free from tobacco and alcohol. 我希望你不抽煙不喝酒。 mentcomment vi.&vt. 表達意見；作出評論 n. c, u 評論；議論   1). The scandal caused a lot of comment. 這件丑聞遭到很多議論。 2). “Will you resign, Minister?” “No comment!”“部長，你是要辭職嗎?”“無可奉告。” 重點用法 comment on/about sth./sb. 對某事/某人評論

23、make comments/no comment on sth./sb. 對某事/某人評論/不進行評論 同步練習一請根據漢語提示寫出單詞的正確形式1. Our country has become self-sufficient in _ (糧食).2. The road signs _(使糊涂) the driver.3. The only way to do that is to _ (減少) expenses.4. The school _(提供) books for children.5. We took the opportunity to _(交流) experience with

24、 them.6.He has a             (曬黑的) face and bright eyes.7. The _ (斗爭) for independence was long and hard.8. The factory must increase its _(產量).9. They _(用掉) all their strength in trying to climb out.10. Our army is well _ (裝備).二&

25、#160;句型轉換根據A句句義，用適當的句型或短語完成B 句,使其句義相同或相近。11. A: Compared with maths I like English better.B: I _ English _ maths.12. A: Even if he dies he wont give in.B: He _ _ die _ give in.13. A: We should save the sick free from pain.B: We should _ the sick _ pain.14.   A: He doesnt like to

26、live a comfortable life.B: He doesnt _ _ living a comfortable life.15. A: Dr Yuan has spent all his time on his research.B: Dr Yuan has _ all his time _ his research.三完成句子16. Sheep _ _(以 為食)grass.17. Since he came to this class, he hasnt played _ _ (不再) as he did before.18. _ _ (由于) his hard wo

27、rk, he achieved great success.19. The policeman _ (搜查) the thief _ the lost money.20. Please _ _ (參閱) your dictionaries if you meet new words.四、單項填空  21. _ David and Vicky _ married?  For about three years.A. How long were; have beenB. How long have; have beenC. How long have; beenD.

28、How long did; get22. Luckily for us, when we got there the weather _ to be fine.A. turned up      B. turned outC. turned over    D. turned into23. Having heard my answer, the master nodded _ satisfaction, “Im quite satisfied _you.”A. with; with 

29、 B. on; byC. in; to      D. in; of24. The matter must be looked into. We are supposed to have a little _ .A. rain    B. weatherC. patient  D. look25. In the traffic accident five were killed and twenty _.A. losing   

30、0; B. missedC. damaged   D. injured26. We are _ happy to hear of the success of their team.A. enough     B. more thanC. many more  D. much many27. We won't give up _ we should fail ten times.A. even if   B. sinceC. whether

31、0; D. until28. Well, you'd better not buy that shirt. Brown and black don't go together. _ I wear it with my other shirt?A. How do you likeB. WhoC. What ifD. Which29. A middle-aged woman came _ to the bus stop only _ the bus had gone.A. run; to findB. running; to findC. and ra

32、n; foundD. running; finding30._ your help, I got the first in the final-term English examination.A. Thanks to   B. WithoutC. If not      D. But for31. You should try to get a good nights sleep _ much work you have to do.      

33、;A. however      B. no matterC. although       D. whatever32. Now that you have a job, you must exert (努力) yourself in _ you do at work.  A. however        B. no matter whatC. no matter how