1、1_ vt. & vi. 斗爭；拼搏；斗爭；拼搏；努力努力2_ vt. & vi. 使變大；伸展使變大；伸展3 vt.& vi. 循環(huán)；流傳循環(huán)；流傳4 n. 自由；自主自由；自主 5_ adv. 因此；所以；因而因此；所以；因而6_ n. 工作；職業(yè)；占領(lǐng)工作；職業(yè)；占領(lǐng)7_ vt. 遺憾；惋惜遺憾；惋惜 n. 遺憾；懊悔遺憾；懊悔struggleexpandthereforeoccupationregretcirculatefreedom8 n. 焦點；中心點焦點；中心點 vt. 集中；聚集中；聚焦焦9 n. 評論；議論評論；議論 vi.& vt. 表達(dá)意見

2、；作出評論表達(dá)意見；作出評論10 n饑餓；欲望饑餓；欲望vt.& vi.(使使)饑饑餓餓 _adj.饑餓的；渴望饑餓的；渴望得到的得到的11 vt.& vi.輸出；出口輸出；出口 (反義詞反義詞)vt.& vi.輸入；進(jìn)口輸入；進(jìn)口12 n發(fā)現(xiàn)；發(fā)覺發(fā)現(xiàn)；發(fā)覺 vt.發(fā)現(xiàn)；發(fā)覺發(fā)現(xiàn)；發(fā)覺focuscommenthungerexportimportdiscoverydiscoverhungry13_n總結(jié)；摘要；概要總結(jié)；摘要；概要 _ vt.總結(jié)總結(jié)14 vt.& vi.配備；裝備配備；裝備 _ n設(shè)備設(shè)備(不可數(shù)不可數(shù))15 vt.使迷惑；使為難使迷惑；使為難

3、 _ adj.令人迷惑的令人迷惑的 adj.感到迷惑的感到迷惑的 n迷惑迷惑summarysummarizeequipequipmentconfuseconfusingconfusedconfusion.重點短語必背重點短語必背*1_幸虧；由于；因幸虧；由于；因為為*2_ 擺脫；除去擺脫；除去3_ 對對感到滿意感到滿意4_ 寧愿；寧可寧愿；寧可*5_ 逐漸增強；建立；開逐漸增強；建立；開發(fā)發(fā)*6_ 導(dǎo)致；造成導(dǎo)致；造成(后果后果)*7_ 集中集中(注意力、精力注意力、精力等等)于于thanks torid .ofbe satisfied with .would ratherbuild uple

4、ad tofocus on8_ 盛產(chǎn)盛產(chǎn)9_ 使使免受免受(影響；傷影響；傷害等害等)；10_ 選擇選擇而不選而不選擇擇； 與與 相 比 更 喜相 比 更 喜歡歡be rich inkeep .free from/ofprefer .to .1.struggle vi.& n斗爭；拼搏；努力；掙扎斗爭；拼搏；努力；掙扎 1）She struggled to keep back the tears. 2）They had to struggle with/against all kinds of difficulties. 3）We should help those who are s

5、till struggling for independence. 4）He struggled to his feet before I could give him a hand.努力做某事努力做某事_與與.做斗爭做斗爭_ 努力爭取努力爭取.; 為為. 斗爭斗爭_ 掙扎著站起來掙扎著站起來_We have to all kinds of difficulties from home and abroad.我們必須和來自國內(nèi)外的各種各樣的困難作斗爭。我們必須和來自國內(nèi)外的各種各樣的困難作斗爭。She and continued walking.她掙扎著站起來，繼續(xù)走。她掙扎著站起來，繼續(xù)走。

6、struggle againststruggled to her feet練習(xí)：練習(xí)：1). They are _ (為為而斗爭而斗爭) the position2). They struggled all through the years _ us _ the Japanese 3). The fox struggled _ (escape).4). He _ _ _ _ (掙扎掙扎著站起來著站起來) and dragged slowly ahead.struggling forwith againstto escapestruggled to his feet2. equip vt.&a

7、mp;vi. 配備；裝備 equipment n.u 裝備；設(shè)備典例我們應(yīng)該用先進(jìn)的科技武裝自己我們應(yīng)該用先進(jìn)的科技武裝自己 we should equip ourselves with advanced technology2). A good education should equip you for life. 有良好的教育能受用終生。重點用法equip vt.& vi.裝備；配備裝備；配備 (1)equip .with . 用用裝備裝備be equipped with 裝備著裝備著equip sb. for sth./to do sth. 使某人為（做）某使某人為（做）某事而

8、準(zhǔn)備事而準(zhǔn)備be well/poorly equipped 設(shè)備精良的設(shè)備精良的/較差較差的的(2)equipment n. 裝備；設(shè)備裝備；設(shè)備(不可數(shù)不可數(shù)名詞名詞)a piece of equipment 一件設(shè)備一件設(shè)備練習(xí) 按要求填空或翻譯。1). The soldiers were well _ _ (裝備好了) weapons. 2). This library is equipped _ the research.3). Our classroom _ _ _ (裝備有) a computer and a tape recorder.equipped with foris eq

9、uipped with 3.regret vt.& vi. 后悔；遺憾后悔；遺憾n. 遺憾；懊悔遺憾；懊悔1) Tom regretted telling his parents the thing. 2) I regretted to tell you that you hadnt passed the driving test. 3) He told me with regret that he couldnt come to the party. 練習(xí) 用括號內(nèi)所提供詞的適當(dāng)形式填空或翻譯。1). I now regret _ (leave) school so young.2)

10、. _ _ _ _(非常抱歉), I am unable to accept your invitation.3). I regret _ (inform) you that your contract will not be renewed. leaving / having leftMuch to my regret/To my great regretto inform 4.reduce vt. 減少，縮減 . 1) We must gradually reduce the wage gap. 2) The shopkeeper reduced the price by 10. 3) T

11、he poor boy is reduced to begging. 總結(jié)： (1)reduce .to .減少到減少到 reduce .by . 減少了減少了 (2)be reduced to 淪落為淪落為；陷入某種狀態(tài)；陷入某種狀態(tài) 練習(xí) 根據(jù)句子意思填入正確的介詞。1). We must reduce our expenses _ 300 yuan a month. 2). Their output has been reduced _ 10 percent.3). He reduced his weight _ 6 kilos. tobyby5. focus vt.&vi. 集

12、中(注意力)；聚焦 n. c,u 焦點；中心點 典例1). Focus your camera. 把照相機的焦距調(diào)準(zhǔn)。2). Her beauty makes her the focus of attention. 她長得漂亮, 很惹人注目。3) Today were going to focus on the problem of homeless people. 重點用法focus on 集中于focus (one s attention/mind/efforts) on集中(注意力/心思/精力)于 = concentrate/fix ones attention on sth練習(xí) 按要求

13、填空或翻譯。1). The focus of recent research has been _environmental issues. 2). All eyes _ _ (集中于) her.3). They focused their mind on _ (do) the experiment. onfocused ment vi.&vt. 表達(dá)意見；作出評論 n. c, u 評論；議論 典例1)He commented that the project was a failure.2)He made some comments on the recent development

14、.3). “Will you resign, Minister?” “No comment!”“部長，你是要辭職嗎?”“無可奉告。”重點用法_. 對某事/某人評論_對某事/某人評論/不進(jìn)行評論comment on/about sth./sb.make comments/no comment on sth./sb練習(xí) 按要求填空或翻譯。1). Asked about the date of the election, the Prime Minister _ _ (發(fā)表意見) no decision had yet been made. 2). She was asked about the p

15、ay increase but _ _ _ (不進(jìn)行評論) on mented thatmade no commentV 重點詞組重點詞組 1. thanks to 幸虧；由于；因為 (有時作反語) 典例Thanks to your help, much trouble was saved. 多虧你的幫助, 減少了許多麻煩。重點用法thanks to 相當(dāng)于because of /owing to /due to /thanks to /on account of /as a result of 如：練習(xí) 翻譯句子。 1). 多虧了新的政策，我們現(xiàn)在過著幸福的生活。_ 2). 多虧了他的忠告我

16、才得以成功。(用強調(diào)句) _.Thanks to the new policy, we are now having a happy life.It was thanks to his advice that I succeeded.2. rid sb./sth. of. 使某人/某物擺脫 典例1)I cant get rid of my headache.2). The dentist rid him of the pain by taking out his bad tooth. 牙科醫(yī)生把他的壞牙拔掉，使他免除痛苦。 重點用法 rid 短語：_使某人擺脫 get rid of 擺脫；除掉

17、；去掉類似用法動詞 。 rob .remind, inform, warn. Cure. /sb of sth 你應(yīng)該改掉那壞習(xí)慣。你應(yīng)該改掉那壞習(xí)慣。You should _= rid yourself of that bad habit.You should be/ get rid of that bad habit.You should break away from that bad habit.練習(xí) 翻譯填空。1). He struggled to _ _ _ (使自己擺脫) his guilt.2). I still can t _ _ _ (擺脫) my cold.rid him

18、self ofget rid of3)You should rid yourself of that bad habit.你應(yīng)該去掉那個壞習(xí)慣。3. be satisfied with = be content with 對表示滿足或滿意典例1). I was not satisfied with the result. 我對那個結(jié)果感到不滿意。2)Im very satisfied_ that you have done well in the school.聽說你在學(xué)校干得不錯，我對你很滿意。重點用法 to hearsth. satisfies sb. 某事使某人滿意be satisfie

19、d to do 對做感到滿意練習(xí) 根據(jù)句子意思用satisfy 的適當(dāng)形式填空。1). I am not _ (satisfy) with your work. You must improve it. 2). The result doesn t _ (satisfy) me. 3). What he has done is far from _ (satisfy).4). He hung up the phone, _ (satisfy) with a smile on his face.5). It can be very _ (satisfy) to work in the garde

20、n.satisfied satisfy satisfactorysatisfiedsatisfying4. lead to 導(dǎo)致；造成（后果）；通往典例 There is no doubt that stress can lead to physical illness.毫無疑問，心理壓力會導(dǎo)致生理疾病毫無疑問，心理壓力會導(dǎo)致生理疾病。2). His actions could lead to him/his losing his job. 他的行為有可能會導(dǎo)致他丟了工作。短語歸納lead sb. to +n 把某人帶到All roads lead to Rome. lead sb. to d

21、o sth. 導(dǎo)致某人做某事 lead to sb. doing sth. 導(dǎo)致某人做某事練習(xí) 根據(jù)句子意思填空或按要求填空。1). The events _ _ the start of the First World War.3). He had led everyone _ (believe) that his family was very wealthy.4). Our research led us _ the conclusion that the present system is unfair.5). Too much work and too little rest oft

22、en _ _ illness.led toto believetoleads to5. keep.free from/of = protect sb./sth. from. 使免受(影響/傷害)；使不含(有害物) 典例 1). We should keep ourselves free from drugs. 我們應(yīng)該遠(yuǎn)離毒品。2). I hope you will keep yourself free from tobacco and alcohol. 我希望你不抽煙不喝酒。練習(xí) 根據(jù)句子意思填空。1). We ve managed to _ the garden _ _weeds this

23、 year.2). Relaxation exercises can _ your body _ _ tension.keepfree ofkeepfree of1. In 1974, he became the first agricultural pioneer in the world to grow rice that has a high output. 1974年，他成了世界上第一位種植高產(chǎn)水稻的農(nóng)業(yè)先鋒。 解釋 不定式放在表示次序的詞the first, the last, the best以及the only, the very, the right等詞后面, 且這些詞與動詞不

24、定式有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，結(jié)構(gòu)為：the first/last/best/right/only/very/. + n + to do sth.第一個/最后一個/最好的一個/合適的/唯一的/恰好的做某事的人/物，如：1). He is always the first (student) to come and the last to leave. 他總是第一個來和最后一個離開的（學(xué)生）。2). The last man to leave the sinking ship was the captain. 最后一個離開正在下沉的船的是船長。練習(xí) 根據(jù)句子意思填空。1). I think he is

25、 the right person _ (tell) her about this.2). I d be the first _ (admit) I might be wrong. to tellto admitI would rather you went right now. I would rather you had told me the secret yesterday.build up 逐漸增強；建立；開發(fā)；樹立；積累逐漸增強；建立；開發(fā)；樹立；積累1）The company has built up a fine reputation. 嘗試運用：嘗試運用： 2)我們應(yīng)該鼓勵孩

26、子們樹立信心。我們應(yīng)該鼓勵孩子們樹立信心。We should encourage the children to their confidence3)看到你的詞匯量在逐漸增長我很高興。看到你的詞匯量在逐漸增長我很高興。Im very glad to see that your vocabulary is gradually _. building upbuilding up 1. Thousands of people die of _ (hungry) every year. After the long journey , the three of us went back home, _

27、 and tired. 2. Its _ (disturb) to think a dangerous wild animal is still in the quite countryside. He was _ about the rumor about him and his secretary.hungerhungrydisturbingdisturbed 3. The company has _ its business in Italy by building a new factory there. A childs vocabulary _expands_ through reading. Correction: The flight was delayed owning to bad weather. The plan wasnt carr